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Rocha BG, Silva AMS, Pereira ML, Baldoni AO, Ayres LR, Penm J, Moles R, Sanches C. Perception of pharmacists regarding human resources, training, and development of a national hospital pharmacy: a preliminary report on Basel Statements. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Penm
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Netherlands; University of Sydney, Australia; Prince of Wales Hospital, Australia
| | - Rebekah Moles
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Netherlands; University of Sydney, Australia
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Stacey D, Vaillancourt R, Brander L, Chenel N, McMahon E, Wiebe J, Kirkwood A, Shaka G, Cheng D. Use of the 2008 Basel Consensus Statements to Assess, Realign, and Monitor Pharmacy Practice at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Uganda: Illustrative Case Study, Part 2. Can J Hosp Pharm 2017; 70:35-46. [PMID: 28348431 DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v70i1.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Stacey
- , BScPharm, PharmD, is a Pharmacy Officer with the Canadian Forces Health Services Training Center, Department of National Defence, Borden, Ontario
| | - Régis Vaillancourt
- BPharm, PharmD, FCSHP, FFIP, is Director of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario. He is also President of Pharmaciens sans frontières-Canada
| | - Lisa Brander
- BScPharm, is a Medical Logistician, Emergency Response Unit, Canadian Red Cross, Edmonton, Alberta. She is also Vice-President of Pharmaciens sans frontières-Canada
| | - Nathalie Chenel
- BPharm, MSc, is a Pharmacist with Hôpital régional de Rimouski, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de Bas-Saint-Laurent, Rimouski, Québec
| | - Elizabeth McMahon
- BScPharm, is an Emergency Response Delegate with the Canadian Red Cross, Bedford, Nova Scotia
| | - Jennifer Wiebe
- BScPharm, MPH, is a Pharmacist with St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Allison Kirkwood
- BSc(Pharm), ACPR, MHA, is a Clinical Associate with the Medication Management Team, Clinical and Systems Transformation Project, Vancouver Coastal Health-Providence Health Care and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Ghada Shaka
- BScPharm, is a Pharmacist with St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Doret Cheng
- BScPharm, PharmD, is Lecturer and Experiential Education Coordinator with the Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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Vermeulen LC, Moles RJ, Collins JC, Gray A, Sheikh AL, Surugue J, Moss RJ, Ivey MF, Stevenson JG, Takeda Y, Ranjit E, Chaar B, Penm J. Revision of the International Pharmaceutical Federation's Basel Statements on the future of hospital pharmacy: From Basel to Bangkok. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2016; 73:1077-86. [PMID: 27189856 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp150641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The processes used to revise the 2008 Basel Statements on the future of hospital pharmacy are summarized, and the revised statements are presented. METHODS The process for revising the Basel Statements followed an approach similar to that used during their initial development. The Hospital Pharmacy Section (HPS) of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) revised the 2008 FIP Basel Statements in four phases, including a survey of hospital pharmacists worldwide, an internal review, online forums, and a face-to-face "World Café" workshop in Bangkok, Thailand. RESULTS The global survey on the initial Basel Statements included input from 334 respondents from 62 countries. The majority of respondents agreed that most of the initial Basel Statements were acceptable as written and did not require revision. In total, 11 statements were judged by more than 10% of respondents as needing revision or deletion. The FIP HPS executive committee used the survey results to develop 69 initial revised draft statements. After an online discussion with the international hospital pharmacy community, including individuals from 28 countries representing all six World Health Organization regions, a final set of draft statements was prepared for the live discussion involving participants from 20 countries. The final 65 revised Basel Statements were voted on and accepted. CONCLUSION Systematic revision of the FIP Basel Statements resulted in an updated reflection of aspirational goals for the future of hospital pharmacy practice. While this revision reflects the development of new goals for hospital pharmacy practice, the core principles of the Basel Statements remain an essential foundation for the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee C Vermeulen
- UW Health Center for Clinical Knowledge Management, Madison, WIUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI.
| | - Rebekah J Moles
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack C Collins
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andy Gray
- School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Jacqueline Surugue
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Georges Renon, Niort, FranceFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Robert J Moss
- Hospital Pharmacy, MOSSysteMEDIC, Aerdenhout, Netherlands
| | - Marianne F Ivey
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James G Stevenson
- Visante Inc., Ann Arbor, MICollege of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yasuo Takeda
- Department of Clilnical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Eurek Ranjit
- Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Betty Chaar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan Penm
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Penm J, Chaar B, Moles RJ. Use of the International Pharmaceutical Federation's Basel Statements to Assess and Advance Hospital Pharmacy Practice: A Scoping Review. Can J Hosp Pharm 2016; 69:131-7. [PMID: 27168634 DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v69i2.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Basel statements of the International Pharmaceutical Federation, which provide the first global, unified vision for the hospital pharmacy profession, have recently been revised. Originally released in 2008, the Basel statements have since been made available in 21 languages, and thus have the potential for great impact around the world. OBJECTIVE To conduct a scoping review to examine the extent and nature of research activity related to the Basel statements. METHODS Google Scholar, PubMed, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched using the key term "Basel statements" for relevant research articles. From each included study, data were extracted on geographic location, study design, study outcomes, and use of the Basel statements. RESULTS The search strategy generated 113 results. Further refinement resulted in 14 English-language articles that met the inclusion criteria. Four of these articles focused on adapting the Basel statements to European practice, an initiative of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists that led to development of the European statements of Hospital Pharmacy. Six studies focused on monitoring hospital pharmacy practice in Uganda, the Pacific island countries, and the Western Pacific Region. These studies provide valuable baseline data to measure and track the development of hospital pharmacy practices in their respective countries and regions. The remaining 4 studies used qualitative methods to explore the barriers to and facilitators of implementation of the Basel statements in South Africa, China, and Australia. CONCLUSION The Basel statements have led to multiple initiatives around the world, involving more than 70 countries. The European and Western Pacific regions have been the most active. Current initiatives should be continued to ensure identification and resolution of issues related to sustaining their use over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Penm
- BPharm(Hons), PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow at the James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Betty Chaar
- BPharm, MHLaw, PhD, is a Senior Lecturer with the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebekah J Moles
- BPharm, DipHospPharm, PhD, GradCertEdStud(Higher Ed), is a Senior Lecturer with the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. She is also an Associate Editor with the CJHP
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Lyons K, Blalock SJ, Brock TP, Manasse HR, Eckel SF. Development of a global hospital self-assessment tool and prioritization tier system based on FIP's Basel Statements. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2016; 24:123-33. [DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to develop and pilot a hospital self-assessment tool and prioritization system for hospitals to evaluate their pharmacy practice performance against the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)'s Basel Statements.
Methods
To develop the self-assessment tool, we reviewed the Basel statements to identify characteristics that could be measured at the individual hospital level and finalized these based on feedback from five cognitive interviews. The survey instrument was pilot tested in four countries; two high-, one lower middle- and one low-income country. Participants were electronically sent the survey tool and enrolled through the snowball sampling method. Tiers were developed by investigators to assist hospitals in prioritizing the achievement of Basel Statement practices. Tiers were validated by the Hospital Section chairs of FIP through a card sorting exercise. Simple agreement and Cohen's kappa was used to characterize inter-rater reliability. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the responses.
Key findings
Forty-four survey responses were collected from 36 hospitals in four countries. The survey response rate was 29% and took an average of 26 minutes to complete. The overall average agreement of constructs was 83%. The survey characterized how far a hospital was to achieving the Basel Statement practices with an average achievement rate of 57% (ranging from 30% to 90%). The survey highlighted medication safety challenges facing the pharmacy profession. The results produced a benchmarking report for each respondent.
Conclusions
The results support the validity and reliability of the survey tool. This comprehensive survey tool can be used by institutions to track their progress towards achieving the Basel Statement practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayley Lyons
- University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Education, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Tina Penick Brock
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Henri R Manasse
- University of California, San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen F Eckel
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Penm J, Chaar B, Moles R. Hospital pharmacy services in the Pacific Island countries. J Eval Clin Pract 2015; 21:51-6. [PMID: 25041043 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Non-communicable diseases have become an increasing problem in the Pacific Island countries (PICs). With the medical supply system often attached to hospitals in PICs, the training of hospital pharmacy staff has become increasingly important. This study aimed to explore hospital pharmacy services in the PICs using these validated surveys (BS26-27 and BS28-31 surveys) focusing upon hospital pharmacists' influence on prescribing and quality use of medicines. METHOD The BS26-27 and BS28-31 surveys were distributed online to pharmacy directors in hospitals in the PICs in 2011 and 2013, respectively. Surveys were made available in both English and French. RESULTS In total, data from 55 hospitals were received (77% of the hospital sample in PICs) for either the BS26-27 or BS28-31 survey. From the responses received, 97% (36/37) of hospitals had a formulary, with 81% (26/32) of hospitals having a Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) committee. Furthermore, 67% (24/36) of respondents stated that they provided some sort of clinical pharmacy service. On average, hospitals had two pharmacists involved in clinical pharmacy services. In BS28-31, over 75% (n=27) of respondents believed having a strong relationship with other health care professionals, having effective communication skills and taking professional responsibility for the medicines prescribed as 'mostly' or 'strongly' facilitating clinical services. CONCLUSIONS Hospital pharmacists' participation on P&T committee and clinical services is common in the PICs. Such services enhance medication selection and reduce wastage. Although there are still too few hospital pharmacists in PICs, additional support aimed at enhancing their team building and communication skills will allow them to expand their roles and continue to improve patient health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Penm
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Moles R, Chaar B, Penm J. The world hospital pharmacy research consortium-monitoring global practice in relation to the basel statements. Can J Hosp Pharm 2014; 67:331-2. [PMID: 25364013 DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v67i5.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Moles
- BPharm, DipHospPharm, PhD, GradCertEdStud (HigherEd), is with the Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. She is also an Associate Editor with the CJHP
| | - Betty Chaar
- BPharm, MHL, PhD, is with the Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan Penm
- BPharm(Hons), is with the Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Vermeulen L. From Basel to Brussels: the FIP Basel Statements as the foundation of the EAHP Statements of Hospital Pharmacy. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2014-000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Moles R. [Not Available]. Can J Hosp Pharm 2014; 67:334-336. [PMID: 25364014 PMCID: PMC4214574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Moles
- Adresse de correspondance : D Rebekah J Moles, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Sydney NSW 2006 Australia, Courriel :
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Penm J, Chaar B, Rose G, Moles R. Pharmacists' influences on prescribing: validating a clinical pharmacy services survey in the Western Pacific Region. Res Social Adm Pharm 2014; 11:63-73. [PMID: 25042568 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital pharmacists around the world are becoming increasingly involved in promoting the responsible use of medicines through clinical pharmacy services. This is reflected in the Basel Statements developed by the International Pharmaceutical Federation Hospital Pharmacy Section, particularly the theme 'Influences on Prescribing.' Some countries, particularly in Asia, are currently establishing clinical pharmacy services and would benefit from identification of facilitators. OBJECTIVES To validate a survey exploring clinical pharmacy services focusing on pharmacists' influences on prescribing, based on Basel Statements 28-31, and the factors that affect their implementation in the Western Pacific Region (WPR). METHODS Content and face validity of the survey (BS28-31) was established. This resulted in the BS28-31 consisting of 20 questions, which included a Clinical Pharmacy Services Facilitators (CPSF) scale (25 items) to measure respondents' perceptions of facilitators of clinical pharmacy services. The BS28-31 was emailed to hospital pharmacy directors in the WPR. The survey was made available in English, Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, Lao, Khmer, French and Mongolian. Principal components and internal consistency analyses were conducted to assess the reliability and construct validity of the CPSF scale. RESULTS The final survey was sent to a total of 2525 hospital pharmacy directors in the WPR of which 726 were returned from 31 nations yielding a response rate of 29%. Two items in the scale were removed due to low communalities (0.22 and 0.16). The resulting 23 item scale produced a parsimonious two-factor solution, divided into internal (e.g. individual pharmacist traits and pharmacy departmental structure/resources) and environmental facilitators (e.g. government support, patient and physician expectations). This two factor solution explained 51.5% of the variance. In addition, the Cronbach's α for the internal and environmental subscales were 0.94 and 0.78 respectively. CONCLUSION The BS28-31 survey was found to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing hospital pharmacy directors' perceptions of clinical pharmacy services regarding pharmacists' influences on prescribing and their facilitators in the WPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Penm
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Betty Chaar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Grenville Rose
- Aftercare, Rozelle Hospital, Church Street, Lilyfield, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebekah Moles
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Penm J, Moles R, Wang H, Li Y, Chaar B. Factors affecting the implementation of clinical pharmacy services in China. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:345-356. [PMID: 24562375 DOI: 10.1177/1049732314523680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New policies in China have recently led to the implementation of clinical pharmacy services in hospitals. We explored the views of hospital administrators, pharmacy directors, clinical pharmacists, and dispensing pharmacists about the factors affecting clinical pharmacy services in China, using the framework approach and organizational theory. We conducted 30 interviews with 130 participants at 29 hospitals (both secondary and tertiary) in Beijing, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, and Shanghai. We found that the barriers to and facilitators of implementation of clinical pharmacy services slotted into the environment and participant dimensions of Scott's adapted version of Leavitt's organizational model. External support from government was perceived as crucial to promoting pharmacy services. It is proposed that the internationally recognized Basel Statements of the International Pharmaceutical Federation also provide a strong foundation for guiding China in implementing clinical pharmacy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Penm
- 1The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Penm J, Chaar B, Dechun J, Moles R. Formulary systems and pharmacy and therapeutics committees in the Western Pacific Region: Exploring two Basel Statements. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2013; 70:967-79. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp120396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Penm
- Sydney Hospital and Sydney Eye Hospital, and Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Betty Chaar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, University of Sydney
| | - Jiang Dechun
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rebekah Moles
- Faculty of Pharmacy, World Hospital Pharmacy Research Consortium, University of Sydney
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