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Kent J, Pinkham A. Cerebral and cerebellar correlates of social cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 128:110850. [PMID: 37657639 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Social cognition is a broad construct encompassing the ways in which individuals perceive, process, and use information about other people. Social cognition involves both lower- and higher-level processes such as emotion recognition and theory of mind, respectively. Social cognitive impairments have been repeatedly demonstrated in schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and, crucially, are related to functional outcomes. In this review, we summarize the literature investigating the brain networks implicated in social cognitive impairments in schizophrenia spectrum illnesses. In addition to cortical and limbic loci and networks, we also discuss evidence for cerebellar contributions to social cognitive impairment in this population. We conclude by synthesizing these two literatures, with an emphasis on current knowledge gaps, particularly in regard to cerebellar influences, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerillyn Kent
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Amy Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States.
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Romero-Ayuso D, Jara-Urzúa A, Ramírez-Ramírez R, Ortiz-Rubio A, Prieto-Moreno R, Triviño-Juárez JM. Relationship between engagement in meaningful activities, self-efficacy, and quality of life in healthy young adults: An exploratory study. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:1330-1338. [PMID: 37262336 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2218573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of meaningful activities promotes health and well-being. There is no study with a healthy adult Spanish population that tries to determine how people engage in meaningful activities and the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life. AIMS This study aimed to 1) confirm the construct validity of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS) with a healthy population; 2) evaluate the internal consistency of the EMAS for a non-clinical population, and 3) examine convergent validity with self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy) and health-related quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS The methodology for construct validation and reliability of health questionnaires was conducted. A total of 177 non-clinical adults participated, between 18 and 60 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed, and Cronbach's alpha was obtained to measure internal consistency for EMAS. A correlation analysis was performed with the other variables of interest: self-efficacy and quality of life. RESULTS The two-dimensional structure of the EMAS for the non-clinical adult population is confirmed: personal emotional competence versus the social experiential component. In addition, the results indicate a moderate association between engagement in meaningful activities and self-efficacy. CONCLUSION The EMAS is a valid questionnaire to be used in the Spanish adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Romero-Ayuso
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy Division, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Araceli Ortiz-Rubio
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy Division, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Prieto-Moreno
- PA-HELP 'Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion' Research Group, 16741 Department of Physical and Sport Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Matías Triviño-Juárez
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Lemmers-Jansen I, Velthorst E, Fett AK. The social cognitive and neural mechanisms that underlie social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia - a review. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:327. [PMID: 37865631 PMCID: PMC10590451 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In many individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia social functioning is impaired across the lifespan. Social cognition has emerged as one of the possible factors that may contribute to these challenges. Neuroimaging research can give further insights into the underlying mechanisms of social (cognitive) difficulties. This review summarises the evidence on the associations between social cognition in the domains of theory of mind and emotion perception and processing, and individuals' social functioning and social skills, as well as associated neural mechanisms. Eighteen behavioural studies were conducted since the last major review and meta-analysis in the field (inclusion between 7/2017 and 1/2022). No major review has investigated the link between the neural mechanisms of social cognition and their association with social functioning in schizophrenia. Fourteen relevant studies were included (from 1/2000 to 1/2022). The findings of the behavioural studies showed that associations with social outcomes were slightly stronger for theory of mind than for emotion perception and processing. Moreover, performance in both social cognitive domains was more strongly associated with performance on social skill measures than questionnaire-based assessment of social functioning in the community. Studies on the underlying neural substrate of these associations presented mixed findings. In general, higher activation in various regions of the social brain was associated with better social functioning. The available evidence suggests some shared regions that might underlie the social cognition-social outcome link between different domains. However, due to the heterogeneity in approaches and findings, the current knowledge base will need to be expanded before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Lemmers-Jansen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behaviour (iBBA) Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eva Velthorst
- GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord, Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Kathrin Fett
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK.
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Gao X, Huang Z, Li J, Zhou Z, Zhou H. The Neural Correlates of the Social Perception Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1799-1808. [PMID: 37637976 PMCID: PMC10455854 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s425926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with schizophrenia show deficits in facial emotion recognition and emotional intensity assessment, and also exhibit structural and functional irregularities in specific brain regions. In this study, we aimed to examine differences in active brain regions involved in processing the Emotion Intensity Recognition Task (EIRT), which can serve as an indicator of emotion recognition and ability to perceive intensity, between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate dysfunctional brain regions and investigate the role of the amygdala in social cognition deficits in patients with schizophrenia by focusing on alterations in amygdala activity linked to facial emotion recognition. Participants and Methods Twenty-two patients who met a diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia according to DSM-IV and 27 HCs participated in an MRI scan while completing the EIRT. Behavioral and MRI data were collected and analyzed. Results Behavioral results showed that patients with schizophrenia made significantly more errors in recognizing surprise, happiness, sadness, fear, and neutral expressions, and patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly slower response times in recognizing happy facial expressions. Imaging results showed that schizophrenia patients found hypoactivation in several inferior parietal and temporal regions, in the cerebrum and anterior cingulate; and decreased amygdala activation in individuals with schizophrenia was associated with impaired recognition of fear in facial expressions. Conclusion Facial emotion processing deficits are emotion-specific (surprise, happiness, sadness, fear, and neutral expressions) in schizophrenia. Hypoactivation in several inferior parietal and temporal regions, in the cerebrum and anterior cingulate, was thought to contribute to symptom formation in schizophrenia. Reduction in amygdala activation in schizophrenia patients was associated with impairment of the fear-emotional process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezheng Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Department of Music and Wellbeing, School of Music, University of Leeds, Leeds City, UK
| | - Jiangjuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zhou
- Department of Psychology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
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Fortier A, Dumais A, Athanassiou M, Tikàsz A, Potvin S. Dysconnectivity between the anterior insula and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during an emotion go/nogo paradigm is associated with aggressive behaviors in male schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 328:111579. [PMID: 36469978 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between past-reported violent/aggressive behaviors and brain functional connectivity in male patients suffering from schizophrenia using a task modeling the interaction between negative emotion processing and response inhibition. Forty-four male patients with schizophrenia and twenty-two healthy male controls performed an emotional go/no-go task using angry and neutral faces during a functional magnetic resonance imaging session. Generalized psycho-physiological interaction was conducted to explore task-based functional connectivity and a negative binomial regression was used to evaluate the relationship between neural alterations and violent/aggressive behaviors. Regions involved in response inhibition and emotion regulation, such as the anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), were used as seed regions. During emotion-related response inhibition, patients with schizophrenia displayed altered connectivity between the anterior insula and amygdala, the DLPFC and lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), as well as the anterior insula and the dACC when compared to healthy individuals. The latter was negatively associated with aggressive behaviors in participants with schizophrenia (Wald χ2 = 9.51; p < 0.05, p-FDR corrected). Our results highlight alterations in functional connectivity in brain regions involved in cognitive control and emotion processing which are associated with aggressive behaviors in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Fortier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Dumais
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Philippe-Pinel National Institute of Legal Psychiatry, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Athanassiou
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andràs Tikàsz
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
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Wang B, Guo M, Pan T, Li Z, Li Y, Xiang J, Cui X, Niu Y, Yang J, Wu J, Liu M, Li D. Altered higher-order coupling between brain structure and function with embedded vector representations of connectomes in schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5447-5456. [PMID: 36482789 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
It has been shown that the functional dependency of the brain exists in both direct and indirect regional relationships. Therefore, it is necessary to map higher-order coupling in brain structure and function to understand brain dynamic. However, how to quantify connections between not directly regions remains unknown to schizophrenia. The word2vec is a common algorithm through create embeddings of words to solve these problems. We apply the node2vec embedding representation to characterize features on each node, their pairwise relationship can give rise to correspondence relationships between brain regions. Then we adopt pearson correlation to quantify the higher-order coupling between structure and function in normal controls and schizophrenia. In addition, we construct direct and indirect connections to quantify the coupling between their respective functional connections. The results showed that higher-order coupling is significantly higher in schizophrenia. Importantly, the anomalous cause of coupling mainly focus on indirect structural connections. The indirect structural connections play an essential role in functional connectivity–structural connectivity (SC–FC) coupling. The similarity between embedded representations capture more subtle network underlying information, our research provides new perspectives for understanding SC–FC coupling. A strong indication that the structural backbone of the brain has an intimate influence on the resting-state functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Min Guo
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Yan Niu
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518061, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
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Sakurai T. Social processes and social environment during development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 129:40-46. [PMID: 34649805 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Social behavior involves many processes including cognitive functions. Altered social behaviors associated with many psychiatric disorders might have alterations in the processes. Poor social environment affects development and maturation of cognitive functions that are important for social cognition, possibly introducing social stress as well as vulnerability to the stress into the developing brain. Adolescence and early adulthood have higher sensitivity to social stress, which may be linked to the onset of psychiatric disorders during this time period. Understanding social behavioral processes in detail will be crucial for elucidating mechanisms of emerging the social behavior phenotypes in psychiatric disorders and for devising therapeutic and preventive interventions to introduce the resilience for the onset of psychiatric disorders through modulation of social circuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sakurai
- Medical Innovation Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 ShogoinKawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Pathology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
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