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Liu Y, Zhang L, Cai H, Qu X, Chang J, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S. Biomass-derived carbon dots with pharmacological activity for biomedicine: Recent advances and future perspectives. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00587-5. [PMID: 39183109 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a type of nanoparticle with excellent optical properties, good biocompatibility, and small size, are finding increasing application across the fields of biology and biomedicine. In recent years, biomass-derived CDs with pharmacological activity (BP-CDs) derived from herbal medicines (HMs), HMs extracts and other natural products with demonstrated pharmaceutical activity have attracted particular attention. Herein, we review recent advances in the development of BP-CDs, covering the selection of biomass precursors, different methods used for the synthesis of BP-CDs from natural sources, and the purification of BP-CDs. Additionally, we summarize the many remarkable properties of BP-CDs including optical properties, biocompatibility and pharmaceutical efficacy. Moreover, the antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, biosensing, bioimaging, and other applications of BP-CDs are reviewed. Thereafter, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of BP-CDs and Western drug-derived CDs, highlighting the excellent performance of BP-CDs. Finally, based on the current state of research on BP-CDs, we suggest several aspects of BP-CDs that urgently need to be addressed and identify directions that should be pursued in the future. This comprehensive review on BP-CDs is expected to guide the precise design, preparation, and future development of BP-CDs, thereby advancing the application of BP-CDs in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Erythrocyte Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huijuan Cai
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- Erythrocyte Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Niu X, Hou R, Zhang L, Gao H, Hu J. Synthesis of Multicolor Carbon Dots Catalyzed by Inorganic Salts with Tunable Nonlinear Optical Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:42. [PMID: 38203895 PMCID: PMC10779595 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots have been in the spotlight in recent years. In light of the complexity and diversity of factors affecting the nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots, how to reveal the origin and physical mechanism of the nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots accurately has become a problem. In this work, a template-free method was designed to prepare carbon dots via solid-phase reaction with phloroglucinol as a single carbon source and sodium bisulfate as the catalyst. This method is simple, green, safe, and easy to be prepared on a large scale. Three carbon dots with different luminous colors were obtained by simply adjusting the reaction temperature. The rise of reaction temperature affects the surface functional groups, and then hinders the luminescence of surface states, leading to the change of luminescence properties. The nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots were analyzed by the Z-scan technique. Surprisingly, all carbon dots have nonlinear optical responses, but there are differences in performance. Results prove the increase in sp2 domains may contribute to the significant improvement of the nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots, indicating a direction to improve the nonlinear optical properties of carbon dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Niu
- Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ruipeng Hou
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications, Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hongli Gao
- Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Junzhou Hu
- Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Song H, Guo Y, Zhang G, Shi L. Tailored Water-Soluble Covalent Organic Cages for Encapsulation of Pyrene and Information Encryption. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17541. [PMID: 38139371 PMCID: PMC10743434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Forming pyridine salts to construct covalent organic cages is an effective strategy for constructing covalent cage compounds. Covalent organic cages based on pyridine salt structures are prone to form water-soluble supramolecular compounds. Herein, we designed and synthesized a triangular prism-shaped hexagonal cage with a larger cavity and relatively flexible conformation. The supramolecular cage structure was also applied to the encapsulation of pyrene and information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guorui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Linlin Shi
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.S.); (Y.G.)
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Wang X, Hu J, Wei H, Li Z, Liu J, Zhang J, Yang S. Ultra-fast solvent-free protocol remodels the large-scale synthesis of carbon dots for nucleolus-targeting and white light-emitting diodes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:785-794. [PMID: 37385043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) provides unprecedented opportunities for optical applications due its unique properties, but the energy-extensive consumption, high-risk factor and time-consuming synthesis procedure greatly hinders its industrialization process. Herein, we proposed an ultra-low energy consumption solvent-free synthetic strategy for fast preparing green/red fluorescence carbon dots (G-/R-CDs) using m-/o-phenylenediamine and primary amine hydrochloride. The involvement of primary amine hydrochloride can improve the formation rate of G-CDs/R-CDs through effectively absorbing microwave energy and providing acid react environment. The developed CDs exhibit good fluorescence efficiency, optical stability and membrane permeability for dexterous bioimaging in vivo. Based on inherently high nitrogen content, the G-CDs/R-CDs possess excellent nuclear/nucleolus targeting ability, and were successfully applied for screening cancer and normal cells. Furthermore, the G-CDs/R-CDs were further applied for fabricating high-safety and high-color rendering index white light-emitting diodes, providing a perfect candidate for indoor lighting. This study opens up new horizons for advancing practical applications of CDs in related fields of biology and optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Jinshuang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Zihan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Shenghong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China.
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Wang Y, Lv T, Yin K, Feng N, Sun X, Zhou J, Li H. Carbon Dot-Based Hydrogels: Preparations, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207048. [PMID: 36709483 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have extremely high moisture content, which makes it very soft and excellently biocompatible. They have become an important soft material and have a wide range of applications in various fields such as biomedicine, bionic smart material, and electrochemistry. Carbon dot (CD)-based hydrogels are based on carbon dots (CDs) and auxiliary substances, forming a gel material with comprehensive properties of individual components. CDs embedding in hydrogels could not only solve their aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, but also manipulate the properties of hydrogels and even bring some novel properties, achieving a win-win situation. In this review, the preparation methods, formation mechanism, and properties of CD-based hydrogels, and their applications in biomedicine, sensing, adsorption, energy storage, and catalysis -are summarized. Finally, a brief discussion on future research directions of CD-based hydrogels will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Tingjie Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Keyang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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