1
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Spinelli LV, Anzanello MJ, Areze da Silva Santos R, Carboni Martins C, Freo Saggin J, Aparecida Silva Da Silva M, Rodrigues E. Uncovering the phenolic diversity of Guabiju fruit: LC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics approach. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113236. [PMID: 37803550 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive composition of phenolic compounds (PC) from seven genotypes of guabiju were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS), and a targeted metabolomic approach was utilized to explore the PC-related similarities among the genotypes. Sixty-seven phenolic compounds were annotated and twenty-four were quantified in all genotypes of guabiju. The phenolic acids and anthocyanins were the major PC, representing more than 63% (w/w) of the total PC. Di-O-galloylquinic and tri-O-galloylquinic acids and ellagitannins were reported for the first time in guabiju. The results of hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis (PCA) suggested seven groups as suitable clusters to be formed according to phenolic composition. Eleven PC were selected as relevant for sample clustering, and six of them were highlighted as the most informative (in decreasing order of importance): epicatechin, catechin, (epi)gallocatechin gallate II, di-O-galloylquinic acid I, tri-O-galloylquinic acid and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside. To the best of our knowledge, this study contributes to the literature with the most complete phenolic profile of guabiju genotypes up to date. Moreover, guabiju susceptibility to fungal infestation related to PC composition was briefly discussed based on a parallel study using the same genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liziane V Spinelli
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michel J Anzanello
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Areze da Silva Santos
- Department of Horticulture and Forestry, Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Carboni Martins
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Justine Freo Saggin
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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2
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Piorunska-Sedlak K, Stypulkowska K. Selectivity of identification of compounds from the group of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) in falsified products from the Polish market using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Sci Justice 2021; 61:714-722. [PMID: 34802645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Falsified drugs are a growing problem and a great threat all over the world. Searching for easy, fast, not expensive and reproducible methods for identification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is an important issue. The application of ATR-IR technique for identification of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) in falsified products from the Polish market has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the strategy of confirmation of the product's originality inaquick and easy way has been developed. The advantages of this application are: exceptional simplicity, very short measurement time, high selectivity inrelation to structurally similar substances and almost no sample preparation. After validation, developed strategy has been successfully introduced into routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Piorunska-Sedlak
- National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska Str., 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Stypulkowska
- National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska Str., 00-725 Warsaw, Poland.
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3
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Lemos VF, Ortiz RS, Limberger RP. Forensic analysis of anabolic steroids tablets composition using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (µATR-FTIR) mapping. J Forensic Sci 2021; 66:837-845. [PMID: 33502006 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of falsified and unregistered drugs is a worldwide public health problem. Because these global market products usually do not follow the Good Manufacturing Practices required by health legislation, its composition may be completely different from the original or may contain relevant concentrations of impurities and toxic contaminants. Since anabolic steroids are among the main irregular therapeutic classes seized in Brazil, here we propose a new methodology for analyzing these products, in tablets form, using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (µATR-FTIR) mapping. Spectra were acquired from solid tablets by attenuated total reflection, through point mapping methodology. In data processing, a characteristic absorption band for each Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) was integrated and plotted to create its distribution map. This technique was applied in an unprecedented way for the forensic analysis of anabolic steroids and proved to be effective in distinguishing falsified products based on the detection of their APIs. It was possible to detect APIs in 26 out of 30 samples, five of which were classified as falsified only through µATR-FTIR analysis. We were able to create distribution maps of the detected substances associating the microspectroscopic results with characteristic band integration method, which can be used to detect substances and to study samples' homogeneity. We concluded that this methodology is promising for the analysis of anabolic steroid tablets, and can be used in a complementary way with techniques already consolidated in forensic laboratory routine for a better classification of questioned samples between authentic and falsified ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ferreira Lemos
- General Institute of Forensics of Rio Grande do Sul - IGP-RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Scorsatto Ortiz
- Rio Grande do Sul Superintendence, Brazilian Federal Police, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Brazilian National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira Limberger
- Department of Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Brazilian National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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4
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Zhang H, Hua D, Huang C, Samal SK, Xiong R, Sauvage F, Braeckmans K, Remaut K, De Smedt SC. Materials and Technologies to Combat Counterfeiting of Pharmaceuticals: Current and Future Problem Tackling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905486. [PMID: 32009266 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The globalization of drug trade leads to the expansion of pharmaceutical counterfeiting. The immense threat of low quality drugs to millions of patients is considered to be an under-addressed global health challenge. Analytical authentication technologies are the most effective methods to identify active pharmaceutical ingredients and impurities. However, most of these analytical testing techniques are expensive and need skilled personnel. To combat counterfeiting of drugs, the package of an increasing number of drugs is being protected through advanced package labeling technologies. Though, package labeling is only effective if the drugs are not repackaged. Therefore "in-drug labeling," instead of "drug package labeling," may become powerful tools to protect drugs. This review aims to overview how advanced micro- and nanomaterials might become interesting markers for the labeling of tablets and capsules. Clearly, how well such identifiers can be integrated into "solid drugs" without compromising drug safety and efficacy remains a challenge. Also, incorporation of tags has so far only been reported for the protection of solid drug dosage forms. No doubts that in-drug labeling technologies for "liquid drugs," like injectables which contain expensive peptides, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, dermal fillers, could help to protect them from counterfeiting as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyang Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Technology (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dawei Hua
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Technology (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Technology (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Center, 751023, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Félix Sauvage
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Technology (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Rocha M, Anzanello M, Caleffi F, Cybis H, Yamashita G. A multivariate-based variable selection framework for clustering traffic conflicts in a brazilian freeway. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2019; 132:105269. [PMID: 31445462 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
More than one million people die or suffer non-fatal injuries annually due to road accidents around the world. Understanding the causes that give rise to different types of conflict events, as well as their characteristics, can help researchers and traffic authorities to draw up strategies aimed at mitigating collision risks. This paper proposes a framework for grouping traffic conflicts relying on similar profiles and factors that contribute to conflict occurrence using self-organizing maps (SOM). In order to improve the quality of the formed groups, we developed a novel variable importance index relying on the outputs of the nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA) that intends to identify the most informative variables for grouping collision events. Such index guides a backward variable selection procedure in which less relevant variables are removed one-by-one; after each removal, the clustering quality is assessed via the Davies-Bouldin (DB) index. The proposed framework was applied to a real-time dataset collected from a Brazilian highway aimed at allocating traffic conflicts into groups presenting similar profiles. The selected variables suggest that lower average speeds, which are typically verified during congestion events, contribute to conflict occurrence. Higher variability on speed (denoted by high standard deviation, and speed's coefficient of variation levels on that variable), which are also perceived in the assessed freeway near to congestion periods, also contribute to conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Rocha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-180, Brazil; Center of Engineering, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN 59.625-900, Brazil.
| | - Michel Anzanello
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-180, Brazil
| | - Felipe Caleffi
- Laboratory of transport systems, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-180, Brazil
| | - Helena Cybis
- Laboratory of transport systems, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-180, Brazil
| | - Gabrielli Yamashita
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-180, Brazil
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6
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Soares F, Anzanello MJ, Fogliatto FS, Ortiz RS, Mariotti KC, Ferrão MF. Enhancing counterfeit and illicit medicines grouping via feature selection and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:198-205. [PMID: 31174131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel framework to select the most relevant X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) energy values (i.e., features) to enhance the clustering (grouping) of counterfeit and illicit medical tablets. The framework is based on the integration of multidimensional scaling (MDS) and Procrustes analysis (PA) multivariate techniques. MDS provides a projection of the original data into a lower dimension, while PA finds a projection matrix from the original data. Such outputs give rise to a feature importance index that guides an iterative feature selection process; after each feature is inserted in the subset, an optimization procedure based on a greedy search method is carried out to maximize the clustering quality assessed through the Silhouette Index (SI). The inorganic chemical fingerprinting of 41 commercial samples (Viagra®, Cialis®, Lazar®, Libiden®, Maxfil®, Plenovit®, Potent 75®, Rigix®, V-50®, Vimax® and Pramil®) and 56 seized counterfeit samples (Viagra and Cialis) was used to validate the proposed framework. From the original 2048 data points in the full spectra, we identified a subset comprised of 41 energy values that substantially improved clustering quality; the obtained groups were assessed by visual inspection of the PCA plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Soares
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Transportes - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Michel J Anzanello
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Transportes - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Forense (INCT Forense), Brazil.
| | - Flavio S Fogliatto
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Transportes - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Ortiz
- Setor Técnico-Científico, Superintendência da Polícia Federal, Porto Alegre/RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Forense (INCT Forense), Brazil
| | - Kristiane C Mariotti
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Forense (INCT Forense), Brazil; Departamento de Farmácia - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco F Ferrão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Forense (INCT Forense), Brazil
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7
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Zou WB, Yin LH, Jin SH. Advances in rapid drug detection technology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:81-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Coelho Neto J, Lisboa FL. ATR-FTIR characterization of generic brand-named and counterfeit sildenafil- and tadalafil-based tablets found on the Brazilian market. Sci Justice 2017; 57:283-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Anzanello MJ, Yamashita G, Marcelo M, Fogliatto FS, Ortiz RS, Mariotti K, Ferrão MF. A genetic algorithm-based framework for wavelength selection on sample categorization. Drug Test Anal 2017; 9:1172-1181. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel J. Anzanello
- Department of Industrial Engineering; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Gabrielli Yamashita
- Department of Industrial Engineering; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Marcelo Marcelo
- Chemistry Institut; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Flávio S. Fogliatto
- Department of Industrial Engineering; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Rafael S. Ortiz
- Rio Grande do Sul Technical and Scientifical Division; Brazilian Federal Police; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Kristiane Mariotti
- Department of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Marco F. Ferrão
- Chemistry Institut; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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10
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Omar J, Boix A, von Holst C. Differentiation of coccidiostats-containing feed additives by mid and near infrared microscopy. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1464-74. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1075177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Mallah MA, Sherazi STH, Bhanger MI, Mahesar SA, Bajeer MA. A rapid Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method for direct quantification of paracetamol content in solid pharmaceutical formulations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 141:64-70. [PMID: 25659814 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A transmission FTIR spectroscopic method was developed for direct, inexpensive and fast quantification of paracetamol content in solid pharmaceutical formulations. In this method paracetamol content is directly analyzed without solvent extraction. KBr pellets were formulated for the acquisition of FTIR spectra in transmission mode. Two chemometric models: simple Beer's law and partial least squares employed over the spectral region of 1800-1000 cm(-1) for quantification of paracetamol content had a regression coefficient of (R(2)) of 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification using FTIR spectroscopy were 0.005 mg g(-(1) and 0.018 mg g(-1), respectively. Study for interference was also done to check effect of the excipients. There was no significant interference from the sample matrix. The results obviously showed the sensitivity of transmission FTIR spectroscopic method for pharmaceutical analysis. This method is green in the sense that it does not require large volumes of hazardous solvents or long run times and avoids prior sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Mallah
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf Bajeer
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan
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12
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Muro CK, Doty KC, Bueno J, Halámková L, Lednev IK. Vibrational Spectroscopy: Recent Developments to Revolutionize Forensic Science. Anal Chem 2014; 87:306-27. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire K. Muro
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Kyle C. Doty
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Justin Bueno
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Lenka Halámková
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Igor K. Lednev
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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