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Mineral Composition of Subcritical Water Extracts of Saccorhiza Polyschides, a Brown Seaweed Used as Fertilizer in the North of Portugal. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8040244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed at studying Saccorhiza polyschides extracts obtained by subcritical water extraction as a potential source of essential macro and trace elements, aiming for its potential application as a biofertilizer. The mineral composition, as well as sulfate, chlorine and iodine, total organic matter, and total nitrogen content, were determined on the extracts obtained from seaweeds harvested during low tide at the northern Portuguese coast. The selected parameters are important for a biofertilizer. Among the macronutrients, the most abundant was K (15.7 ± 0.2 g/L), followed by Na (5.46 ± 0.11 g/L), S (1.52 ± 0.06 g/L), Ca (1.09 ± 0.11 g/L), and Mg (1.02 ± 0.08 g/L). Several important micronutrients (Zn, B, Cl, P, Mo, V, Se, and I) have also been found in the extracts. The total organic matter was 34.1 ± 0.3 g/L. The extracts present low levels of toxic compounds such as Ni, Cd, and Pb. Considering the composition of the obtained extracts, these can find application in the development of fertilization products. The composition of subcritical water extracts of S. polyschides suggests that they may have important characteristics as a biofertilizer and can be an option in biofortification experiments with essential nutrients. The method can be easily scaled up which makes it attractive for agricultural applications.
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Tavakoli O, Goodarzi V, Saeb MR, Mahmoodi NM, Borja R. Competitive removal of heavy metal ions from squid oil under isothermal condition by CR11 chelate ion exchanger. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 334:256-266. [PMID: 28419932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) are serious threats to the environment. Sub-critical water treatment was used to mimic contamination of squid oil in aqueous, metal-soap and oil phases. Isothermal adsorption of HMIs (Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+) was studied from aqueous phase to oil phase (493, 523, 548, and 573K) for solutions with different initial concentration of HMIs was studied. Decomposition of glycerides into fatty acids was favored at high subcritical temperatures, with metal-soap phase showing the highest chelation ability toward Cu2+ (96%, isotherm 573K). The removal-ability of HMIs from contaminated oil was performed by CR11 chelate ion exchanger, showing facilitated removal from metal-soap and oil phases at low temperatures compared to general-purpose PEI-chitosan bead and PEI-chitosan fiber sorbents. The chelation behavior of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was the same in the OIL, with maximum values of 5.7×10-3 (mol/l) and 5.0×10-3 (mol/l) at 573K, respectively. By contrast, concentration of Zn2+ ion showed a slight increase with increasing temperature due to electrostatic forces between Zn2+ and active sites of glycerides in oil phase. For oil solution, the selectivity of adsorption for CR11, especially for Zn2+, was at least five-fold larger compared to PEI-chitosan bead and PEI-chitosan fiber adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Tavakoli
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran (UT), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19945-546, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Resins and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16765-654, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niyaz Mohammad Mahmoodi
- Department of Environmental Research, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran 1668814811, Iran
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, building 46, Ctra. de Utrera km 1, 41013-Sevilla, Spain
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Murayama Y, Yoshioka M, Okada H, Takata E, Masujin K, Iwamaru Y, Shimozaki N, Yamamura T, Yokoyama T, Mohri S, Tsutsumi Y. Subcritical Water Hydrolysis Effectively Reduces the In Vitro Seeding Activity of PrPSc but Fails to Inactivate the Infectivity of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Prions. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144761. [PMID: 26675475 PMCID: PMC4682654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) has been attributed to the recycling of contaminated meat and bone meals (MBMs) as feed supplements. The use of MBMs has been prohibited in many countries; however, the development of a method for inactivating BSE prions could enable the efficient and safe use of these products as an organic resource. Subcritical water (SCW), which is water heated under pressure to maintain a liquid state at temperatures below the critical temperature (374°C), exhibits strong hydrolytic activity against organic compounds. In this study, we examined the residual in vitro seeding activity of protease-resistant prion protein (PrPSc) and the infectivity of BSE prions after SCW treatments. Spinal cord homogenates prepared from BSE-infected cows were treated with SCW at 230–280°C for 5–7.5 min and used to intracerebrally inoculate transgenic mice overexpressing bovine prion protein. Serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) analysis detected no PrPSc in the SCW-treated homogenates, and the mice treated with these samples survived for more than 700 days without any signs of disease. However, sPMCA analyses detected PrPSc accumulation in the brains of all inoculated mice. Furthermore, secondary passage mice, which inoculated with brain homogenates derived from a western blotting (WB)-positive primary passage mouse, died after an average of 240 days, similar to mice inoculated with untreated BSE-infected spinal cord homogenates. The PrPSc accumulation and vacuolation typically observed in the brains of BSE-infected mice were confirmed in these secondary passage mice, suggesting that the BSE prions maintained their infectivity after SCW treatment. One late-onset case, as well as asymptomatic but sPMCA-positive cases, were also recognized in secondary passage mice inoculated with brain homogenates from WB-negative but sPMCA-positive primary passage mice. These results indicated that SCW-mediated hydrolysis was insufficient to eliminate the infectivity of BSE prions under the conditions tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Murayama
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Miyako Yoshioka
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Area of Pathology and Pathophysiology, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eri Takata
- Department of Agro-environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Masujin
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwamaru
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Noriko Shimozaki
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yamamura
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokoyama
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shirou Mohri
- Influenza/Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Neurological Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsutsumi
- Department of Agro-environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ushijima K, Fukushima M, Kanno S, Kanno I, Ohnishi M. Risks and benefits of compost-like materials prepared by the thermal treatment of raw scallop hepatopancreas for supplying cadmium and the growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2015; 51:170-175. [PMID: 26674133 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1108810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Scallop hepatopancreas, fishery waste, contains relatively high levels of Cd and organic nitrogen compounds, the latter of which represent a fertilizer. In this study, raw scallop hepatopancreas tissue was thermally treated with sawdust and red loam in the presence of an iron catalyst to produce compost-like materials (CLMs). Two CLM samples were prepared by varying the content of raw scallop hepatopancreas tissue: 46 wt.% for CLM-1 and 18 wt.% for CLM-2. Mixtures of control soil (CTL) and CLMs (CLM content: 10 and 25 wt.%) were examined for the growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to evaluate the risks and benefits of using this material for fertilization. The Cd content in shoots and roots of alfalfa, that were grown in the presence of CLMs, was significantly higher than those for the plants grown in the CTL, indicating that Cd had accumulated in the plants from CLMs. The accumulation of Cd in the alfalfa roots was quite high in the case of the 25% CLM-1 sample. However, alfalfa growth was significantly promoted in the presence of 10% CLM-1. This can be attributed to the higher levels of nitrogen and humic substances, which serve as fertilizer components. Although the fertilization effect in case of CLM-1showed a potential benefit, the accumulation of Cd in alfalfa was clearly increased in the presence of both CLMs. In conclusion, the use of CLMs produced from raw scallop hepatopancreas tissue can be considered to have a desirable benefit from standpoint of its use as fertilizer, but is accompanied by a risk of the accumulation of Cd in alfalfa plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Ushijima
- a Laboratory of Chemical Resources, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Masami Fukushima
- a Laboratory of Chemical Resources, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Shinya Kanno
- b Daiso-KET Institute Corporation , Asahikawa , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Itoko Kanno
- b Daiso-KET Institute Corporation , Asahikawa , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ohnishi
- c Plan Policy Section, Shibetsu-Town Government Office , Shibetsu , Hokkaido , Japan
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Mokhtari Azar A, Ghadirpour Jelogir A, Nabi Bidhendi GR, Zaredar N. Examination of the operator and compensator tank role in urban wastewater treatment using activated sludge method. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2011; 175:651-659. [PMID: 20571882 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
No doubt, operator is one of the main fundaments in wastewater treatment plants. By identifying the inadequacies, the operator could be considered as an important key in treatment plant. Several methods are used for wastewater treatment that requires spending a lot of cost. However, all investments of treatment facilities are usable when the expected efficiency of the treatment plant was obtained. Using experienced operator, this goal is more easily accessible. In this research, the wastewater of an urban community contaminated with moderated, diluted and highly concentrated pollution has been treated using surface and deep aeration treatment method. Sampling of these pilots was performed during winter 2008 to summer 2009. The results indicate that all analyzed parameters were eliminated using activated sludge and surface aeration methods. However, in activated sludge and deep aeration methods in combination with suitable function of operator, more pollutants could be eliminated. Hence, existence of operator in wastewater treatment plants is the basic principle to achieve considered efficiency. Wastewater treatment system is not intelligent itself and that is the operator who can organize even an inefficient system by its continuous presence. The converse of this fact is also real. Despite the various units and appropriate design of wastewater treatment plant, without an operator, the studied process cannot be expected highly efficient. In places frequently affected by the shock of organic and hydraulic loads, the compensator tank is important to offset the wastewater treatment process. Finally, in regard to microbial parameters, existence of disinfection unit is very useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Mokhtari Azar
- Department of the Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Kulkarni AK, Daneshvarhosseini S, Yoshida H. Effective recovery of pure aluminum from waste composite laminates by sub- and super-critical water. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Engin MS, Uyanik A, Cay S, Icbudak H. Effect of the Adsorptive Character of Filter Papers on the Concentrations Determined in Studies Involving Heavy Metal Ions. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1260/0263-6174.28.10.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Soner Engin
- Department of Chemistry, Science & Arts Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyanik
- Department of Chemistry, Science & Arts Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Seydahmet Cay
- Department of Chemistry, Science & Arts Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hasan Icbudak
- Department of Chemistry, Science & Arts Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
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