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Shao R, Su L, Wang P, Han X, Wang T, Dai J, Gu Y, Luo J, Deng L, Liu J. Cadmium Exposure was Associated with Sex-Specific Thyroid Dysfunction: Consistent Evidence from Two Independent Cross-Sectional Studies Based on Urinary and Blood Cadmium Measurements. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04176-7. [PMID: 38630343 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Population-based studies on the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and thyroid function are limited and have shown conflicting results. Two independent cross-sectional studies using different Cd biomarkers were carried out in six rural areas with different soil Cd levels in China. Thyroid dysfunction was defined based on levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4). Multivariable linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and restrictive cubic splines models were used to estimate the association between Cd and thyroid dysfunction. For both of the two independent studies, higher Cd levels were observed to be associated with lower TSH levels and higher risk of thyroid dysfunction. The negative relationship between urinary Cd and TSH was found in both total participants (β = - 0.072, p = 0.008) and males (β = - 0.119, p = 0.020) but not in females; however, the negative relationship between blood Cd and TSH was only found in females (β = - 0.104, p = 0.024). Higher urinary Cd was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction (OR = 1.77, p = 0.031), while higher blood Cd was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction (OR = 1.95, p = 0.011). Results from the two independent cross-sectional studies consistently suggested that higher Cd levels were associated with sex-specific thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranqi Shao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liqin Su
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xu Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ting Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lifang Deng
- Yuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Changde Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changde, 415000, China
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Shao R, Su L, Wang P, Han X, Wang T, Dai J, Gu Y, Luo J, Deng L, Liu J. Higher cadmium exposure was associated with sex-specific thyroid dysfunction: Consistent evidence from two independent cross-sectional studies based on urinary and blood cadmium measurements. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3455102. [PMID: 37886500 PMCID: PMC10602156 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3455102/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Population-based studies on the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and thyroid function are limited and have shown conflicting results. Two independent cross-sectional studies using different Cd biomarkers were carried out in six rural areas with different soil Cd levels in China. Thyroid dysfunction was defined based on levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4). Both multivariable linear regression, multiple logistic regression and restrictive cubic splines models were used to estimate the association between Cd and thyroid dysfunction. For both of the two independent studies, higher Cd levels were observed to be associated with lower TSH levels and higher risk of thyroid dysfunction. The negative relationship between urinary Cd and TSH was found in both total participants (β = -0.072, p = 0.008) and males (β = -0.119, p = 0.020) but not in females, however, the negative relationship between blood Cd and TSH was only found in females (β = -0.104, p = 0.024). Higher urinary Cd (> 2.52 μg/g creatinine) was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction, while higher blood Cd was associated with higher risk of hyperthyroidism status. The adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) for the risk of hyperthyroidism status was 3.48 (95%CI:1.36-8.92) and 6.94 (95%CI:1.23-39.31) times higher with every natural log unit higher in blood Cd in total participants and males, respectively. Results from the two independent cross-sectional studies consistently suggested that higher Cd levels were associated with sex-specific thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranqi Shao
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Liqin Su
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | - Xu Han
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ting Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Jun Dai
- Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Yi Gu
- Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Jiao Luo
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Lifang Deng
- Yuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Jingping Liu
- Changde Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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González-Alzaga B, Hernández AF, Kim Pack L, Iavicoli I, Tolonen H, Santonen T, Vinceti M, Filippini T, Moshammer H, Probst-Hensch N, Kolossa-Gehring M, Lacasaña M. The questionnaire design process in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 160:107071. [PMID: 34979351 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Designing questionnaires is a key point of epidemiological studies assessing human exposure to chemicals. The lack of validated questionnaires can lead to the use of previously developed and sub-optimally adapted questionnaires, which may result in information biases that affect the study's validity. On this ground, a multidisciplinary group of researchers developed a series of tools to support data collection within the HBM4EU initiative. The objective of this paper is to share the process of developing HBM4EU questionnaires, as well as to provide researchers with harmonized procedures that could help them to design future questionnaires to assess environmental exposures. METHODS In the frame of the work package on survey design and fieldwork of the HBM4EU, researchers carried out procedures necessary for the development of quality questionnaires and related data collection tools. These procedures consisted of a systematic search to identify questionnaires used in previous human biomonitoring (HBM) studies, as well as the development of a checklist and evaluation sheet to assess the questionnaires identified. The results of these evaluations were taken into consideration for the development of the final questionnaires. RESULTS The main points covered by each of the sections included in HBM4EU questionnaires are described and discussed in detail. Additional tools developed for data collection in the HBM4EU (e.g. non-responder questionnaire, satisfaction questionnaire, matrix-specific questionnaire) are also addressed. Special attention is paid to the limitations faced and hurdles overcome during the process of questionnaire development. CONCLUSIONS Designing questionnaires for use in HBM studies requires substantial effort by a multidisciplinary team to guarantee that the quality of the information collected meets the study's objectives. The process of questionnaire development described herein will contribute to improve the harmonization of HBM studies within the social and environmental context of the EU countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz González-Alzaga
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada (UGR) School of Medicine, Spain
| | - L Kim Pack
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Germany
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health (DPH), University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Hanns Moshammer
- Department of Environmental Health, Centre for Public Health, Medical University Vienna (MUW), Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Marina Lacasaña
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Andalusian Health and Environment Observatory (OSMAN), Granada, Spain.
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Qing Y, Yang J, Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Ruiz P, Wu M, Zhao G, Zhao Q, Liu H, Cai H, Qin L, Zheng W, He G. Bayesian toxicokinetic modeling of cadmium exposure in Chinese population. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125465. [PMID: 33930974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal widely present in the environment. Estimating its internal levels for a given external exposure using toxicokinetic (TK) models is key to the human health risk assessment of Cd. In this study, existing Cd TK models were adapted to develop a one-compartment TK model and a multi-compartment physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model by estimating the characteristics of Cd kinetics based on Cd exposure data from 814 Chinese residents. Both models not only considered the effect of gender difference on Cd kinetics, but also described the model parameters in terms of distributions to reflect individual variability. For both models, the posterior distributions of sensitive parameters were estimated using the Markov chain-Monte Carlo method (MCMC) and the approximate Bayesian computation-MCMC algorithm (ABC-MCMC). Validation with the test dataset showed 1.4-22.5% improvement in the root mean square error (RMSE) over the original models. After a systematic literature search, the optimized models showed acceptable prediction on other Chinese datasets. The study provides a method for parameter optimization of TK models under different exposure environment, and the validated models can serve as new quantitative assessment tools for the risk assessment of Cd in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qing
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and food science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and food science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yuanshen Zhu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and food science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Patricia Ruiz
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and food science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Genming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Hua Cai
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Luxin Qin
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and food science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Yan J, Huo J, Li R, Jia Z, Song Y, Chen J, Zhang L. Benchmark dose estimation of urinary and blood cadmium as biomarkers of renal dysfunction among 40‐75‐year‐old non‐smoking women in rural areas of southwest China. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:1433-1443. [PMID: 31313336 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuming Yan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jiao Huo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Renjia Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Zhenchao Jia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yang Song
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Current health risk assessment practice for dietary cadmium: Data from different countries. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:430-445. [PMID: 28602857 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant with high rates of soil-to-plant transference. This makes exposure to Cd through the food-chain contamination a public health concern. Cd accumulates in kidneys, and the most frequently reported adverse effect of long-term Cd intake is injury to kidneys. The FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives established a tolerable dietary intake level and a threshold to safeguard population health. The FAO/WHO tolerable intake was set at 25 μg per kg body weight per month (58 μg per day for a 70-kg person) with urinary Cd threshold at 5.24 μg/g creatinine. Worldwide population data indicate that urinary Cd excretion reflects cumulative Cd exposure or body burden more accurately than estimated Cd intake, derived from total diet study (TDS). For the adult population, TDS estimated Cd intake of 8-25 μg/day, while urinary Cd levels suggest higher intake levels (>30 μg/day). These Cd intake estimates are below the FAO/WHO intake guideline, but they exceed the levels that are associated with distinct pathologies in many organ systems. A wide diversity of Cd toxicity targets and Cd toxicity levels argue for a more restrictive dietary Cd intake guideline and the measures that minimize Cd levels in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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Luo HF, Zhang JY, Jia WJ, Ji FM, Yan Q, Xu Q, Ke S, Ke JS. Analyzing the role of soil and rice cadmium pollution on human renal dysfunction by correlation and path analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2047-2054. [PMID: 27807788 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of soil and rice pollution on human renal dysfunction. The participants were 97 inhabitants (46 men and 51 women) who are aged 50 to 60 years old and have been living in Xiaogan (Hubei, China) from birth. We collected samples of soil, rice, and urinary correspondingly. Urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β-2-microglobulin (β2MG) were used as indicators of renal dysfunction, and urinary cadmium (U-Cd) was used as indicator of total internal cadmium exposure. We made a hypothesis that soil cadmium concentration (S-Cd) and rice cadmium concentration (R-Cd) could be used as indicators of environmental cadmium exposure. Correlation and path analysis were used to estimate the relationships among the levels of rice cadmium (R-Cd), soil cadmium (S-Cd), urinary cadmium (U-Cd), and renal damage indicators (NAG and β2MG). Our results showed that there was positive significant relationship between S-Cd (R-Cd, U-Cd), and U-NAG (U-β2MG). The standard multiple regression describing the relationship between S-Cd (R-Cd, U-Cd) and U-NAG was Y1 = 1.26X1-6.53X2 + 9.32, where Y is U-NAG, X1 is U-Cd, X2 is S-Cd. The equation of U-β2MG was Y = 49.32X1 + 3085.99X2 + 143.42, where Y is U-β2MG, X1 is U-Cd, X2 is R-Cd. It is obvious that the effect of S-Cd and R-Cd on NAG or U-β2MG cannot be ignored. Through our study, we can find that the effects of S-Cd on renal health even as significant as R-Cd. To protect people from the damage of cadmium pollution, it is vital to monitor the situation of soil and rice cadmium pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Luo
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jie-Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jia
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Feng-Min Ji
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qiong Yan
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shen Ke
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Jin-Shan Ke
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yang Si Hospital, Shanghai, 200126, People's Republic of China.
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Identification of exposure to environmental chemicals in children and older adults using human biomonitoring data sorted by age: Results from a literature review. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 220:282-298. [PMID: 28159478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) provides the tools for exposure assessment by direct measurements of biological specimens such as blood and urine. HBM can identify new chemical exposures, trends and changes in exposure, establish distribution of exposure among the general population, and identify vulnerable groups and populations with distinct exposures such as children and older adults. The objective of this review is to demonstrate the use of HBM to identify environmental chemicals that might be of concern for children or older adults due to higher body burden. To do so, an extensive literature search was performed, and using a set of defined criteria, ten large-scale, cross-sectional national HBM programs were selected for data review and evaluation. A comparative analysis of the age-stratified data from these programs and other relevant HBM studies indicated twelve chemicals/classes of chemicals with potentially higher body burden in children or older adults. Children appear to have higher body burden of bisphenol A (BPA), some phytoestrogens, perchlorate, and some metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene. On the other hand, older adults appear to have higher body burden of heavy metals and organochlorine pesticides. For perfluoroalkyl substances, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, parabens, and phthalates, both children and older adults have higher body burden depending on the specific biomarkers analyzed, and this might be due to the exposure period and/or sources from different countries. Published data from the DEMOCOPHES project (a pilot study to harmonize HBM efforts across Europe) also showed elevated exposures to BPA and some phthalate metabolites in children across several European countries. In summary, age-stratified HBM data can provide useful knowledge of identifying environmental chemicals that might be of concern for children and older adults, which, combined with additional efforts to identify potential sources of exposure, could assist policy makers in prioritizing their actions in order to reduce chemical exposure and potential risks of adverse health effects.
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Yuan H, Qin F, Guo W, Gu H, Shao A. Oxidative stress and spermatogenesis suppression in the testis of cadmium-treated Bombyx mori larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5763-5770. [PMID: 26585454 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori L. (B. mori) were exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) incorporated in an artificial diet (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg kg(-1)) throughout the larval stage. Changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as their corresponding messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in the testes of the fifth instar larvae were evaluated. Additionally, spermatozoon deformation in the testes was examined. Upon Cd treatment, the MDA content in the testes was significantly increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Cd-exposed larvae had increased levels of glutathione. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that SOD and CAT activities were positively correlated (R (2) = 0.605, P = 0.017). The changing trends in the mRNA levels of these enzymes were not always consistent with those of enzymatic activities. Alterations in GSH-Px activities and mRNA levels were positively correlated (R (2) = 0.771, P < 0.01). Morphological analysis revealed that Cd deformed and affected the maturation of spermatozoa. Our results collectively support a relationship between Cd and alterations in the levels of antioxidant enzymes in B. mori testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Yuan
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China.
- Suzhou National New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Kerui Road 1, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Fenjv Qin
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Weiqiang Guo
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Huajie Gu
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Aihua Shao
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
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