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Kim DH, Cha J, Woo Park G, Soo Kang I, Lee E, Hoon Jung Y, Min K. Biotechnological valorization of levulinic acid as a non-sugar feedstock: New paradigm in biorefineries. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131178. [PMID: 39084536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Due to the severe climate crisis, biorefineries have been highlighted as replacements for fossil fuel-derived refineries. In traditional sugar-based biorefineries, levulinic acid (LA) is a byproduct. Nonetheless, in 2002, the US Department of Energy noted that LA is a significant building block obtained from biomass, and the biorefinery paradigm has shifted from being sugar-based to non-sugar-based. Accordingly, LA is of interest in this review since it can be converted into useful precursors and ultimately can broaden the product spectrum toward more valuable products (e.g., fuels, plastics, and pharmaceuticals), thereby enabling the construction of economically viable biorefineries. This study comprehensively reviews LA production techniques utilizing various bioresources. Recent progress in enzymatic and microbial routes for LA valorization and the LA-derived product spectrum and its versatility are discussed. Finally, challenges and future outlooks for LA-based non-sugar biorefineries are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyuongpook National University, Daegu 41556, Republic of Korea; School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaehyun Cha
- Gwangju Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwon Woo Park
- Gwangju Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Im Soo Kang
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyuongpook National University, Daegu 41556, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Gwangju Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungseon Min
- Gwangju Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Ding Y, Sun J, Hu R, He D, Qiu X, Luo C, Jiang P. Highly efficient CuNi-ZrO 2 nanocomposites for selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone. RSC Adv 2024; 14:27481-27487. [PMID: 39221133 PMCID: PMC11360431 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04960h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CuNi-ZrO2 nanocomposites were prepared by a simple coprecipitation technique of copper, nickel and zirconium ions with potassium carbonate. The structures of the nanocomposites were characterized by N2 physical adsorption, XRD, H2-TPR and STEM-EDS. The Cu0.05Ni0.45-ZrO2 nanocomposite showed outstanding catalytic performance in hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL), especially NaOH solution (0.5 mol L-1) as a solvent. 100% LA conversion and > 99.9% GVL selectivity are achieved over Cu0.05Ni0.45-ZrO2 catalyst at 200 °C, 3 MPa for 1.5 h. Characterization results suggest that the excellent reactivity of the Cu0.05Ni0.45-ZrO2 may be due to a better reducibility of nickel oxide in the CuONiO-ZrO2, dispersion of Ni in the Cu0.05Ni0.45-ZrO2 compared to nickel oxide in the NiO-ZrO2 and Ni in the Ni0.5-ZrO2 and promotion of OH-. The results demonstrate that the Cu0.05Ni0.45-ZrO2 nanocomposite has potential to realize high efficiency and low-cost synthesis of liquid fuels from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Junli Sun
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Rongqi Hu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Daiping He
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Xulin Qiu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Chengying Luo
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Green Catalysis Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
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Bounoukta CE, Megías-Sayago C, Navarro JC, Ammari F, Ivanova S, Centeno MÁ, Odriozola JA. Functionalized Biochars as Supports for Ru/C Catalysts: Tunable and Efficient Materials for γ-Valerolactone Production. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1129. [PMID: 36986022 PMCID: PMC10051761 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cotton stalks-based biochars were prepared and used to synthetize Ru-supported catalysts for selective production of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media. Different biochars' pre-treatments (HNO3, ZnCl2, CO2 or a combination of them) were carried out to activate the final carbonaceous support. Nitric acid treatment resulted in microporous biochars with high surface area, whereas the chemical activation with ZnCl2 substantially increases the mesoporous surface. The combination of both treatments led to a support with exceptional textural properties allowing the preparation of Ru/C catalyst with 1422 m2/g surface area, 1210 m2/g of it being a mesoporous surface. The impact of the biochars' pre-treatments on the catalytic performance of Ru-based catalysts is fully discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charf Eddine Bounoukta
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques-LGPC, Département de Génie des Procéés, Faculté de Technologie, Université FERHAT ABBAS SETIF-1, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Cristina Megías-Sayago
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fatima Ammari
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques-LGPC, Département de Génie des Procéés, Faculté de Technologie, Université FERHAT ABBAS SETIF-1, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Centeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Odriozola
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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4
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Bhandari S, Rangarajan S, Li S, Scaranto J, Singh S, Maravelias CT, Dumesic JA, Mavrikakis M. A Coverage Self-Consistent Microkinetic Model for Vapor-Phase Formic Acid Decomposition over Pd/C Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Bhandari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Srinivas Rangarajan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jessica Scaranto
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Suyash Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Christos T. Maravelias
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - James A. Dumesic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Manos Mavrikakis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States
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Pan Y, Ren C, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhang X, Jiang J, Shu CM. Thermal hazard evaluation for γ-valerolactone production by using formic acid as hydrogen donor. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2022.104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hijazi A, Khalaf N, Kwapinski W, Leahy JJ. Catalytic valorisation of biomass levulinic acid into gamma valerolactone using formic acid as a H 2 donor: a critical review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13673-13694. [PMID: 35530384 PMCID: PMC9073962 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01379g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review sheds light on the catalytic valorisation of agroforestry biomass through levulinic acid and formic acid towards γ-valerolactone and other higher-value chemicals. γ-Valerolactone is produced by the hydrogenation of levulinic acid, which can be achieved through an internal hydrogen transfer reaction with formic acid in the presence of catalyst. By reviewing corresponding catalysts, the paper underlines the most efficient steps constituting an integrated sustainable process that eliminates the need for external H2 sources while producing biofuels as an alternative energy source. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the role of catalysts in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid, with special focus on heterogeneous catalysts. The authors highlighted the dual role of different catalysts by comparing their activity, morphology, electronic structure, synergetic relation between support and doped species, as well as their deactivation and recyclability. Acknowledging the need for green and sustainable H2 production, the review extends to cover the role of photo catalysis in dissociating H2-donor solvents for reducing levulinic acid into γ-valerolactone under mild temperatures. To wrap up, the critical discussion presented enables readers to hone their knowledge about different schools and emphasizes research gaps emerging from experimental work. The review concludes with a comprehensive table summarizing the recent catalysts reported between the years 2017-2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Hijazi
- Chemical and Environmental Science Department, University of Limerick Limerick V94 T9PX Ireland +353-83-3783841
| | - Nidal Khalaf
- Chemical and Environmental Science Department, University of Limerick Limerick V94 T9PX Ireland +353-83-3783841
| | - Witold Kwapinski
- Chemical and Environmental Science Department, University of Limerick Limerick V94 T9PX Ireland +353-83-3783841
| | - J J Leahy
- Chemical and Environmental Science Department, University of Limerick Limerick V94 T9PX Ireland +353-83-3783841
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7
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New EK, Tnah SK, Voon KS, Yong KJ, Procentese A, Yee Shak KP, Subramonian W, Cheng CK, Wu TY. The application of green solvent in a biorefinery using lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114385. [PMID: 35104699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high dependence on crude oil for energy utilization leads to a necessity of finding alternative sustainable resources. Solvents are often employed in valorizing the biomass into bioproducts and other value-added chemicals during treatment stages. Unfortunately, despite the effectiveness of conventional solvents, hindrances such as expensive solvents, unfavourable environmental ramifications, and complicated downstream separation systems often occur. Therefore, the scientific community has been actively investigating more cost-effective, environmentally friendly alternatives and possess the excellent dissolving capability for biomass processing. Generally, 'green' solvents are attractive due to their low toxicity, economic value, and biodegradability. Nonetheless, green solvents are not without disadvantages due to their complicated product recovery, recyclability, and high operational cost. This review summarizes and evaluates the recent contributions, including potential advantages, challenges, and drawbacks of green solvents, namely ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, water, biomass-derived solvents and carbon dioxide in transforming the lignocellulosic biomass into high-value products. Moreover, research opportunities for future developments and potential upscale implementation of green solvents are also critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng Kein New
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shen Khang Tnah
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khai Shing Voon
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP), School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khai Jie Yong
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alessandra Procentese
- DTU Bioengineering, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katrina Pui Yee Shak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wennie Subramonian
- School of Computing, Engineering & Design Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ta Yeong Wu
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Monash-Industry Palm Oil Education and Research Platform (MIPO), School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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8
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Ayashi N, Najafi Chermahini A, Amiri Ramsheh N, Luque R. Production of γ-valerolactone over mesoporous CuO catalysts using formic acid as the hydrogen source. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00192f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the conversion of levulinic acid (LA), butyl levulinate (BL), and ethyl levulinate (EL) to valuable biomass-derived compound γ-valerolactone (GVL) is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84154-83111, Iran
| | | | - Nasim Amiri Ramsheh
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84154-83111, Iran
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014, Cordoba, Spain
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str, 117198, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Taran OP, Sychev VV, Kuznetsov BN. γ-Valerolactone as a Promising Solvent and Basic Chemical Product: Catalytic Synthesis from Plant Biomass Components. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050421030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Ru Catalysts Supported on Commercial and Biomass-Derived Activated Carbons for the Transformation of Levulinic Acid into γ-Valerolactone under Mild Conditions. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ru catalysts (1 wt.%) supported on commercial and biomass-derived activated carbons (AC) have been prepared, thoroughly characterized, and used in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to produce gamma-valerolactone (GVL). This is an important platform compound that plays a key role in the production of liquid fuels and that can also be used, for example, as a food flavoring agent, antifreeze, and solvent. The study focuses on the influence of the carbon support characteristics, such as porous texture and acidity, on the properties and performance (LA conversion and selectivity to GVL) of the catalysts. Catalytic activity tests have been carried out at 170 °C and also in noticeably milder conditions (70 °C) to implement a less energy-demanding process. All the catalysts show high LA conversion and GVL yield at 170 °C, while at 70 °C, important differences between them, related to the support properties, have been found. The catalysts prepared with more acidic supports show better catalytic properties: very good catalytic performance (98% LA conversion and 77% selectivity to GVL) has been obtained in mild temperature conditions.
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Karanwal N, Sibi MG, Khan MK, Myint AA, Chan Ryu B, Kang JW, Kim J. Trimetallic Cu–Ni–Zn/H-ZSM-5 Catalyst for the One-Pot Conversion of Levulinic Acid to High-Yield 1,4-Pentanediol under Mild Conditions in an Aqueous Medium. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Karanwal
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong
Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Malayil Gopalan Sibi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Kashif Khan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Aye Aye Myint
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Chan Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong
Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
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12
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Liu Y, Ding G, Zhao G, She H, Zhu Y, Yang Y. Conversion of glucose to levulinic acid and upgradation to γ-valerolactone on Ru/TiO 2 catalysts. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01990b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Combining glucose dehydration and the subsequent hydrogenation in one pot without extra energy-intensive separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | | | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality
- Department of Nutrition and Health
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Haohao She
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Yulei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
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Xu R, Liu K, Du H, Liu H, Cao X, Zhao X, Qu G, Li X, Li B, Si C. Falling Leaves Return to Their Roots: A Review on the Preparation of γ-Valerolactone from Lignocellulose and Its Application in the Conversion of Lignocellulose. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6461-6476. [PMID: 32961026 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
γ-Valerolactone (GVL), derived from renewable lignocellulosic biomass, has been considered as a cost-competitive and green platform chemical. With the increasingly prominent environmental problems, a deep understanding of the preparation and transformation of GVL is highly needed. Based on the latest progress made with GVL, preparation and applications of GVL are summarized and discussed in this Review. In particular, the state-of-the-art in catalytic production of GVL is described based on the use of noble-metal and non-noble-metal catalysts. The application of GVL for the valorization of lignocellulose would improve the yield of target products such as sugar monomers and furfural. Thus, GVL can be produced from lignocellulose and simultaneously it can also be used for the valorization of lignocellulose, just as in the sustainable and renewable cycle, "the falling leaves returns to their roots". This Review is expected to provide valuable reference and new proposal for the further development and better utilization of GVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Haishun Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Rolls Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Huayu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Guanzheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
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14
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Klemm M, Kröger M, Görsch K, Müller‐Langer F, Majer S. Fuel‐Driven Biorefineries Using Hydrothermal Processes. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Klemm
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Kröger
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Kati Görsch
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Franziska Müller‐Langer
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Stefan Majer
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
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15
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Experimental Evaluation of a New Approach for a Two-Stage Hydrothermal Biomass Liquefaction Process. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for biomass liquefaction was developed and evaluated in a joint research project. Focus of the project, called FEBio@H2O, lies on a two-step hydrothermal conversion. Within step 1, the input biomass is converted employing a hydrothermal degradation without added catalyst or by homogeneous catalysis. Within step 2, the hydrogen accepting products of step 1, e.g., levulinic acid (LA) are upgraded by a heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation with hydrogen donor substances, e.g., formic acid (FA). As a result, components with an even lower oxygen content in comparison to step 1 products are formed; as an example, γ-valerolactone (GVL) can be named. Therefore, the products are more stable and contained less oxygen as requested for a possible application as liquid fuel. As a hydrothermal process, FEBio@H2O is especially suitable for highly water-containing feedstock. The evaluation involves hydrothermal conversion tests with model substances, degradation of real biomasses, transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen donor of model substances and real products of step 1, catalyst selection and further development, investigation of the influence of reactor design, the experimental test of the whole process chain, and process assessment.
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16
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Ni Supported on Natural Clays as a Catalyst for the Transformation of Levulinic Acid into γ-Valerolactone without the Addition of Molecular Hydrogen. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13133448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is a valuable chemical that can be used as a clean additive for automotive fuels. This compound can be produced from biomass-derived compounds. Levulinic acid (LA) is a compound that can be obtained easily from biomass and it can be transformed into GVL by dehydration and hydrogenation using metallic catalysts. In this work, catalysts of Ni (a non-noble metal) supported on a series of natural and low-cost clay-materials have been tested in the transformation of LA into GVL. Catalysts were prepared by a modified wet impregnation method using oxalic acid trying to facilitate a suitable metal dispersion. The supports employed are attapulgite and two sepiolites with different surface areas. Reaction tests have been undertaken using an aqueous medium at moderate reaction temperatures of 120 and 180 °C. Three types of experiments were undertaken: (i) without H2 source, (ii) using formic acid (FA) as hydrogen source and (iii) using Zn in order to transform water in hydrogen through the reaction Zn + H2O → ZnO + H2. The best results have been obtained combining Zn (which plays a double role as a reactant for hydrogen formation and as a catalyst) and Ni/attapulgite. Yields to GVL higher than 98% have been obtained at 180 °C in the best cases. The best catalytic performance has been related to the presence of tiny Ni particles as nickel crystallites larger than 4 nm were not present in the most efficient catalysts.
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17
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Yu Z, Lu X, Xiong J, Li X, Bai H, Ji N. Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone with Formic Acid as Internal Hydrogen Source. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2916-2930. [PMID: 32153131 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most promising biomass-based platform molecules, γ-valerolactone (GVL) can be synthesized from a variety of lignocellulosic feedstocks through different hydrogen supply pathways. Among these transformation routes, the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to GVL by using formic acid (FA) as the internal hydrogen source is regarded as a critical path for the sustainable development of renewable energy systems. Although a large number of studies on the synthesis of GVL have been reported, the FA/LA catalytic system has not been interpreted as thoroughly as it should be. In this Minireview, core concerns are focused on key issues and their effects in this FA/LA catalytic system. The catalytic mechanism, together with competitive adsorption behavior between FA and LA on heterogeneous catalysts, is presented. The effects of active metal species and catalyst supports on the overall catalytic performance are summarized, and the influences of key condition parameters, including the time, temperature, FA/LA molar ratios, and aqueous solvent, are discussed. In particular, impacts and improvements of coke deposition and metal leaching, which could greatly affect the catalyst stability, are analyzed in detail. Additionally, several feasible suggestions for the enhancement of the catalytic efficiency and stability are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Hui Bai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Na Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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18
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García A, Sanchis R, Miguel PJ, Dejoz AM, Pico MP, López ML, Álvarez-Serrano I, García T, Solsona B. Low temperature conversion of levulinic acid into γ-valerolactone using Zn to generate hydrogen from water and nickel catalysts supported on sepiolite. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20395-20404. [PMID: 35517762 PMCID: PMC9054250 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04018e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present article, γ-valerolactone has been obtained from levulinic acid with a yield exceeding 25% using very mild conditions without feeding hydrogen (30 °C, atmospheric pressure, water as the hydrogen source). The overall reaction conducted is a two-step process: first, a redox reaction involving the oxidation of metallic Zn to ZnO for in situ hydrogen production through the water splitting reaction and, second, a catalytic reaction involving Ni-supported catalysts for the production of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid. Ni active sites have been supported on sepiolite, an abundant and cheap material. The nickel particle size has been demonstrated to be a parameter of paramount importance determining the catalytic activity, since the best catalytic performance is obtained with the smallest Ni nanoparticles. This combination of Zn and Ni supported on sepiolite shows a good catalytic stability after three catalytic runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián García
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat de València Av. Universitat, 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - Rut Sanchis
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat de València Av. Universitat, 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - Pablo J Miguel
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat de València Av. Universitat, 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - Ana M Dejoz
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat de València Av. Universitat, 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - María Pilar Pico
- Sepiolsa Avda. del Acero, 14-16, Pol. UP-1 (Miralcampo), 19200 Azuqueca de Henares Spain
| | - María Luisa López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Inmaculada Álvarez-Serrano
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Tomás García
- Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC) C/Miguel Luesma Castán 50018 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Benjamín Solsona
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat de València Av. Universitat, 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain
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19
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Wang T, He J, Zhang Y. Production of γ-Valerolactone from One-Pot Transformation of Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates Over Chitosan-Supported Ruthenium Catalyst Combined with Zeolite ZSM-5. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; 130012 Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; 130012 Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; 130012 Changchun Jilin China
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20
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21
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Yu Z, Lu X, Xiong J, Ji N. Transformation of Levulinic Acid to Valeric Biofuels: A Review on Heterogeneous Bifunctional Catalytic Systems. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3915-3930. [PMID: 31270936 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Valerate esters (VAEs) commonly derived from levulinic acid (LA), which is deemed as one of the most promising biomass platform molecules, have been hailed as "valeric biofuels" in recent years. The cascade transformation of LA to VAEs consists of a series of acid- and metal-catalyzed processes alternately, in which heterogeneous bifunctional catalysts are required for better catalytic performance. The transformation pathway from LA to VAEs is presented, and bifunctional catalytic systems for the cascade transformation of LA into valeric acid (VA) and its esters, as well as one-pot conversion processes, are reviewed. Additionally, effects of metal and acid sites on the catalytic performance are discussed in detail. Impacts of and improvements to coke deposition, which is determined to be the primary reason for the reduction in catalytic activity, are also analyzed. Finally, feasible suggestions are proposed for enhanced catalytic performance and a reduction in overall costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, PR China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, PR China
| | - Na Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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