1
|
Yuan TY, Wan DJ, Yang WJ, Gu JF, Zhou H, Zeng P, Liao BH. Tartaric acid coupled with gibberellin improves remediation efficiency and ensures safe production of crops: A new strategy for phytoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168319. [PMID: 37949124 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is the direct use of living green plants and it is an effective, inexpensive, non-invasive, and environmentally friendly technique used to transfer or stabilize all the toxic metals and environmental pollutants in polluted soil or ground water. To study the effect of tartaric acid, gibberellin, and tartaric acid coupled with gibberellin on rape-kenaf or rape-sweet sorghum rotation, a field experiment was carried out on a farmland combined polluted with Cd and Pb in eastern Hunan Province, China. The results showed that these two rotation systems coupled with superposition measure has potential to enhance yield and biomass of rape (Brassica napus L.), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) and sweet sorghum (Sorghum dochna (F.) Snowden), as well as to increase Cd and Pb uptake of the three crops, thus accelerating phytoextraction. The Cd and Pb annual removal by rape-kenaf rotation in one year under different treatments were 269-438 and 112-149 g·hm-2, respectively. And the Cd and Pb annual removal by rape-sweet sorghum rotation in one year under different treatments were 68.0-111 and 43.8-92.3 g·hm-2, respectively. Under the two rotation systems, these integrated management measures can remove Cd and Pb up to 438 g·hm-2·year-1 and 149 g·hm-2·year-1, respectively. The Cd and Pb content in rape seeds or sweet sorghum stems and leaves were lower than the food or forage standard, indicating that we can use this rotation system for both remediation and safety production. Furthermore, the two rotation systems also generated considerable economic value. These results showed that the combination of phytoremediation and agricultural production is a feasible technical mode in the field of Cd and Pb co-contamination, and also provides useful information for further study of the interaction mechanism between rotation crops and enhancement measures. In subsequent experiments we can set concentration gradients for tartaric acid and gibberellin, and we can also select other crops for rotation, with a view to finding the optimal auxiliary measure and crop rotation modern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yue Yuan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Da-Juan Wan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Yang
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland and Soil Ecological Remediation, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiao-Feng Gu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland and Soil Ecological Remediation, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland and Soil Ecological Remediation, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland and Soil Ecological Remediation, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Bo-Han Liao
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland and Soil Ecological Remediation, Changsha 410004, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Huang R, Zhan N, Qin L. Methyl jasmonate and selenium synergistically mitigative cadmium toxicity in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants by improving antioxidase activities and reducing Cd accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28273-7. [PMID: 37326735 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or selenium (Se)-mediated response to cadmium (Cd) stress in plant has been widely reported, but the combined effects both on plant growth in response to Cd stress and the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we showed the combined effects of MeJA (2.5 μM) and Se (7 μM) on hot pepper growth under Cd stress (CdCl2, 5 μM). The results showed Cd suppressed the accumulation of total chlorophyll and carotenoid and reduced the photosynthesis, while it increased the content of endogenous signaling molecules, e.g. nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as Cd content in leaves. The combined application of MeJA and Se significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs, e.g. SOD and CAT) and defense-related enzymes (DREs, POD and PAL). Additionally, the synergistic application of MeJA and Se also obviously improved photosynthesis in hot pepper plants under Cd stress compared with those treated with MeJA or Se respectively or not. Moreover, the treatment of MeJA associated with Se also effectively reduced the Cd accumulation in hot pepper leaves under Cd stress compared with the plants treated with MeJA or Se separately, which implied a potentially synergistic role of MeJA and Se in alleviating Cd toxicity in hot pepper plants. This study provides a theoretical reference for the further analysis of the molecular mechanism of MeJA and Se in jointly mediating the response to heavy metals in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuhan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Renquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Niheng Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Lijun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang H, Cai N, Gong S, Zhou J, He T, Wang B, Fu T. Establishment and Optimization of Soil Cd Risk Threshold in Typical Karst Area with Potato Production, China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:34. [PMID: 36592234 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The threshold is key to risk assessment of soil cadmium (Cd) pollution. However, there is limited research on the soil Cd risk threshold of potatoes. Soil and potato samples (n = 256) were used to establish and optimize the Cd risk threshold by using relative cumulative frequency, bioconcentration factor, and regression model. The results showed that suggested risk screening values (SRSVs) for soil Cd were divided into 2.465 (pH ≤ 5.5), 2.564 (5.5 < pH ≤ 6.5), 2.778 (6.5 < pH ≤ 7.5), and 4.348 mg kg-1 (pH > 7.5). SRSVs were applied to classify soil Cd risk assessment by collecting soil samples (n = 100). Low-risk areas only comprised 0.98% of the total area using risk screening values (RSVs) (GB15618-2018), and risk areas comprised as much as 99.02%. Low-risk area and risk area comprised 97.75% and 2.25% of the total area based on SRSVs. SRSVs are appropriate for potato production in typical karst areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Chuyang Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Na Cai
- Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | | | - Jiajia Zhou
- Guizhou Chuyang Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550025, China
| | | | - Bing Wang
- Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Teng L, Fu T, He T, Wu P. Comparing the effects of calcium and magnesium ions on accumulation and translocation of cadmium in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41628-41639. [PMID: 35094265 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of China's most important food crops, and it is considered the primary source of human exposure to cadmium (Cd) pollution. Adding calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) to the plant nutrient solutions reduces the accumulation of Cd in the rice, but under the same condition, which one has the better effect remains unclear. Thus, hydroponic experiments were performed to compare the effects of Ca and Mg ions with concentration gradients (0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 g/L, respectively) on the absorption, distribution, and translocation of Cd in rice. The Cd contents of roots, stems, leaves, panicles, husks, and grains in different growth stages were determined. The results revealed that the supplementation of both Ca and Mg influenced the Cd accumulation and translocation in rice tissues. The Cd concentrations of different patterns were in the following order: roots > stems > leaves ≈ panicles ≈ husks > grains. Both of Ca and Mg had an apparent antagonism with Cd in different parts of the rice plant, and the antagonism was more obvious in the high Cd stress treatments. With the addition of 0.1 g/L Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, the grain Cd contents increased, while the application of 0.25 and 0.5 g/L Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions reduced grains Cd by 19.08-38.99%, with the average value of 26.75%. Under the same concentrations, the grain Cd content of Ca treatments was lower than that of Mg treatments by 8.74%. In the Ca (Mg)-deficient and Ca (Mg)-sufficient conditions, the husks and panicles accumulated Cd to hinder Cd translocation, respectively. Altogether, the results of this study indicated that Ca had a greater effect for decreasing rice Cd accumulation and translocation than Mg, and the panicle and husk were the important parts for reducing Cd translocation to grain, and these might be a focal point for the future research. It was possible to plant and grow rice in Cd-polluted soil and that the accumulation and translocation of Cd in rice plants could be reduced by optimizing soil nutrient elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Li
- College of Resource And Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lang Teng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Tongren Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Tianling Fu
- College of Resource And Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tengbing He
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resource And Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environmental, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Wu Y, Song B, Zhou L, Wang F, Pang R. Spatial distribution and main controlling factor of cadmium accumulation in agricultural soils in Guizhou, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127308. [PMID: 34879547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large-scale investigation was conducted on the cadmium (Cd) content in the farmland soils of Guizhou to explore the spatial variation in soil Cd content, identify the main factors responsible for causing Cd pollution, and determine the zonation of Cd pollution. Multivariate statistical analysis, geographic information system (GIS) analysis, and decision tree methods were used to study the distribution, spatial variation, and pollution partitioning of Cd and the factors influencing the Cd accumulation in agricultural soils of the Guizhou province. Areas with high Cd content in agricultural soil were found to be concentrated in the high-altitude areas in the western region of Guizhou province. The results of the single factor pollution index showed that the proportion of sample sites with Cd class I (priority protection), II (security utilization), and III (strict control) in the agricultural soils of Guizhou province were 65.96%, 31.27%, and 2.77%, respectively. In high-altitude areas, the Cd content in the agricultural soils was mainly derived from the soil parent material. In contrast, mining activities and road traffic were the main factors Cd accumulation in agricultural soils in lower altitude areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Earth Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China
| | - Bo Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China.
| | - Lang Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China
| | - Fopeng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China
| | - Rui Pang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Xu Y, Wu M, Mao X, Yao Y, Shen Q, Zhang M. Geogenic enrichment of potentially toxic metals in agricultural soils derived from black shale in northwest Zhejiang, China: Pathways to and risks from associated crops. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112102. [PMID: 33721664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils derived from black shale are typically enriched in potentially toxic metals. This is a serious problem, both in terms of the ecological environment and human health. To assess the levels of potentially toxic metals, 90 paired soil-crops samples were collected from the Anji Country, western Zhejiang province, a typical exposed black shale area in China. Concentrations and bioavailability of potentially toxic metals in the soil-crops system were measured, and the associated potential risks were further evaluated. Results showed the enrichment of potentially toxic metals (i.e. Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni) in the soil and crop samples, especially a significant accumulation of Cd. Sequential extraction data indicated that Cd in soils derived from black shale was the second most dominant element in the exchangeable fraction (mean at 33.42%) and possessed high bioavailability, whereas Pb was mostly retained in the residual fraction (mean at 76.34%) and exhibited low mobility. The total concentration as well as mobility and bioavailability of Cd were the highest in the sampled soils. This resulted in a high potential ecological risk in areas with agricultural soils derived from black shale, which could eventually jeopardize the health of local residents through various exposure pathways. Overall, our findings provide a scientific basis for developing suitable management strategies to mitigate the exposure to potentially toxic metals in high risk areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfei Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Wu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiali Mao
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucai Yao
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Shen
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingkui Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu T, Li L, Duan Q, Liu X, Chen M. Progress in our understanding of plant responses to the stress of heavy metal cadmium. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1836884. [PMID: 33084518 PMCID: PMC7781755 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1836884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a major environmental stress affecting plant growth and development. The heavy metal cadmium inhibits various physiological processes in plants, including seed germination and seedling growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidation. Extensive research has been conducted on the toxic effects of Cd2+ on plants and the mechanisms of Cd2+ tolerance. Here, we review recent advancements in our understanding of the absorption, transport, and accumulation of Cd2+ in plants and the mechanisms of Cd2+ tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qixin Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiuling Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Y, Deng Q, Lin Q, Zeng C, Zhong C. Cadmium source identification in soils and high-risk regions predicted by geographical detector method. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114338. [PMID: 32304950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soils has become a serious and widespread environmental problem, especially in areas with high natural background Cd values, but the mechanism of Cd enrichment in these areas is still unclear. This study uses the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi), a typical area with a high background Cd level and Cd pollution related to mining activities, as an example to explore the source and predict areas with high Cd risk in soils based on the geographical detector method. The areas with high Cd in Guangxi soils were classified into non-mining areas and mining areas according to their potential Cd sources. The results show that the rich Cd content in the soils from the non-mining area of Guangxi was mainly derived from the soil type (q = 0.34), geological age (q = 0.27), rock type (q = 0.26) and geomorphic type (q = 0.20). Specifically, the Cd content was derived from the weathering and deposition processes of carbonatite from the Carboniferous system in the karst area. The high Cd content in the soils of the mining area of Guangxi was mainly derived from the area mined for mineral resources (q = 0.08) and rock type (q = 0.05). Specifically, the Cd content was derived from the mining of lead-zinc ores. The areas in Guangxi with a high risk of Cd soil pollution are mostly concentrated in karst areas, such as Hechi, Laibin, Chongzuo, southern Liuzhou and Baise, northern Nanning city and northeastern Guilin city, and some mining areas. These results indicated that the high Cd concentration in the soils of large areas of Guangxi is probably due to natural sources, while the high Cd concentration around mining areas is due to anthropogenic sources. The results will be useful for soil restoration and locating and controlling contaminated agricultural land.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation (Guangxi), Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Qiyu Deng
- School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Qing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation (Guangxi), Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China.
| | - Changyu Zeng
- School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Cong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation (Guangxi), Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou R, Zhao J, Li D, Chen Y, Xiao Y, Fan A, Chen XT, Wang HL. Combined exposure of lead and cadmium leads to the aggravated neurotoxicity through regulating the expression of histone deacetylase 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126589. [PMID: 32234630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are common heavy metals in the environment, exerting detrimental effects on central nervous system. Although increasing evidence demonstrated the Pb and Cd-induced neurotoxicity, the exact epigenetic mechanisms induced by combined exposure (co-exposure) of Pb and Cd are still unclear. In this study, the neurotoxicity of individual exposure and co-exposure to Pb and Cd in vivo (150 ppm and 5 ppm respectively) and in vitro (10 μM and 0.1 μM respectively) was investigated. The results showed that neurite outgrowth was inhibited by either individual or combined exposure to Pb/Cd, whereas the co-exposure aggravated the inhibitory effect in PC12 cells. The results of Morris Water Maze (MWM), Y maze and Golgi-Cox staining showed that either Pb or Cd alone exposure damaged the ability of learning and memory and decreased the dendritic spine density in both the hippocampal CA1 and DG area of Sprague---Dawley (SD) rats, and that the co-exposure aggravated the damages. Subsequently, histone deacetylase (HDAC) 2 was significantly increased in both hippocampal tissues and PC12 cells co-exposed to Pb and Cd, and the treatment of trichostatin A (TSA) and HDAC2-knocking down construct (shHDAC2) could markedly prevent neurite outgrowth impairment in PC12 cells. In summary, HDAC2 plays essential regulatory roles in neurotoxicity induced by the co-exposure to Pb and Cd, providing a potential molecular target for neurological intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Danyang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yanyan Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Anni Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Xiang-Tao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang F, Xiao X, Wu X. Physiological and molecular mechanism of cadmium (Cd) tolerance at initial growth stage in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110613. [PMID: 32304923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil has threatened plant growth and human health. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), an ideal plant for phytoremediation, is an important source of edible vegetable oil, vegetable, animal fodder, green manure and biodiesel. For safe utilization of Cd polluted soil, physiological, biochemical, and molecular techniques have been used to understand mechanisms of Cd tolerance in B. napus. However, most of these researches have concentrated on vegetative and adult stages, just a few reports focus on the initial growth stage. Here, the partitioning of cadmium, gene expression level and activity of enzymatic antioxidants of H18 (tolerant genotype) and P9 (sensitive genotype) were investigated under 0 and 30 mg/L Cd stress at seedling establishment stage. Results shown that the radicle length of H18 and P9 under Cd stress were decreased by 30.33 (0.01 < P < 0.05) and 88.89% (P < 0.01) respectively. Cd concentration at cotyledon not radicle and hypocotyl in P9 was significantly higher than that in H18. The expression level of BnaHMA4c, which plays a key role in root-to-shoot translocation of Cd, was extremely higher in P9 than in H18 under both normal and Cd stress conditions. We also found that SOD, CAT and POD were more active in responding to Cd stress after 48 h, and the activity of SOD and CAT in H18 were higher than that in P9 at all observed time points. In conclusion, high activity of enzymatic antioxidants at initial Cd stress stage is the main detoxification mechanism in Cd-tolerant rapeseed, while the higher Cd transfer coefficient, driven by higher expression level of BnaHMA4c is the main mechanism for surviving radicle from initial Cd toxicity in Cd-sensitive rapeseed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu H, Liu Q, Ma J, Liu L, Qu Y, Gong Y, Yang S, Luo T. Heavy Metal(loids) in typical Chinese tobacco-growing soils: Concentrations, influence factors and potential health risks. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125591. [PMID: 31864066 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The level of concentration of heavy metal (loids) in tobacco-growing soils is detrimental to soil quality. In this study, 256 topsoil samples were collected from Zunyi city to understand the concentration, spatial distribution characteristics, sources and health risks of heavy metal (loids) by using mathematical statistics, geostatistical analyst, and conditional inference tree (CIT). The results showed that the average contents of Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cd in tobacco-growing soils were high with 1.7, 1.2, 1.1 and 1 times the background value, respectively. While, Ni, Cr, Cu and As were temporarily within the permissible limits. Concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soils of Wuchuan, Tongzi, Daozhen, and Yuqing were much higher than the other regions due to human activities. According to the CIT, the main nodes were 1) distance from sampling to the main road, 2) organic matter, 3) factories, and 4) soil types. The results indicated that for Pb and Zn, the sources of pollution might be transportation; for Cu, As, and Cd, the sources were utilization of phosphate, tobacco-specific fertilizers, and organic fertilizers; and the sources of Hg were coal combustion and metals smelting. In addition, high background values of heavy metal (loids) in karst landforms were responsible for the accumulation of Cd. With respect to Hazard Quotient and Lifelong Carcinogenic Risk, the exposed individual was unlikely to experience obvious adverse health effect due to the heavy metal (loids) pollution, except Cr, which should be particularly considered in further risk control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Water Resources and Electric Power, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625000, China
| | - Qiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Earth Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Lingling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yajing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yiwei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Water Resources and Electric Power, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625000, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wen Y, Li W, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Ji J. Enrichment and source identification of Cd and other heavy metals in soils with high geochemical background in the karst region, Southwestern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125620. [PMID: 31869671 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The geographical distributions of Cd and several other metals (Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr) were characterized in 308 terra rossa samples across the Guangxi karst region. We found significant enrichments of heavy metals in the saprolites and terra rossa developed in 30 profiles, which is mainly caused by the weathering of Cd-enriched carbonate rocks, while the subsequent pedogenic processes were the dominant factor of the enrichments for Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr. Sequential extraction analysis indicated that geogenic Cd and Pb in terra rossa mostly distributed in the residual fractions and exhibited low mobility, whereas the amorphous Fe/Mn oxide fraction was the principal Cd-bearing phase in Cambisols. The good correlation of Fe, Al, and Ti in related bedrocks, saprolites, and terra rossa suggested that in-situ pedogenetic processes provided most of the parent materials for terra rossa. The residual accumulation during the special pedogenesis in the karst region, caused elevated Cd and Pb concentrations with increasing weathering intensity, which was indicated by chemical index of alternation (CIA). In addition, results of Pb isotopic fingerprinting confirmed that terra rossa mainly derived from insoluble residues of underlying carbonate rocks. The allochthonous input of Pb also occurred during pedogenesis, whereas the transport and deposition of non-carbonate materials (clasolite/granite derived soils) was only a minor source to Pb input in terra rossa and the anthropogenic impact seemed to be negligible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wen
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qizuan Zhang
- Guangxi Bureau of Geology & Mineral Prospecting & Exploitation, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Distribution of Potential Harmful Trace Elements and Potential Ecological Risk in the Jiulongchi Wetland of Fanjing Mountain, Southwest China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051731. [PMID: 32155821 PMCID: PMC7084463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to understand the distribution and ecological risk of potential harmful trace elements (PHTEs) in the high altitude areas of the Fanjing Mountain World Natural Heritage Property, 30 surface samples including soil and plants were collected in April, 2019 in the Jiulongchi wetland which lies in the saddle between the New Jinding Peak of Fanjing Mountain and Fenghuang Peak. The contents of 23 major and trace elements were determined, and the pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk of 11 PHTEs (Mn, V, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sb and Pb) were discussed. The element contents showed significant differences in plant and soil samples. Enrichment factor and single-factor pollution index demonstrated that Mn, Zn, Co, As and Cd in the soil were in a clean state. The potential ecological risk index and pollution load index indicated an overall good ecological condition of Jiulongchi wetland, with a weak pollution degree. Comparisons of relevant studies showed the anthropogenic activities have considerable impacts on the pollution status of PHTEs with significant spatial differences in Fanjing Mountain. Multivariate statistical analysis proved that Pb and Sb were main pollutants of the soil in the Jiulongchi wetland, and the mining and smelting of minerals such as mercury, manganese and lead-zinc ore in the adjacent areas could be the main pollution sources through atmospheric deposition. This study could provide targeted strategies for the environmental protection and management of the Property and give scientific evidence for the pollution prevention in southwest China.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Y, Su Y, Lu S. Cd accumulation and transfer in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in typical soils of China: pot experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:36558-36567. [PMID: 31728951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Food chain contamination by soil cadmium (Cd) through vegetable consumption poses a threat to human health. It is imperative to understand the Cd uptake and transfer in different soil-vegetable systems. The aims of this study were to understand the effect of soil characteristics on Cd accumulation and transfer in pepper and to derive regression models to predict Cd concentrations in the vegetable grown on a wide range of soils with different properties. The accumulation and transfer of Cd in the root, stem, and fruit of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in 18 typical soils of China were investigated through pot experiments. The bioavailability of Cd in soil was evaluated by using EDTA and HNO3 extraction methods. The pot experiments included a control and two concentration levels of Cd salt added to soils according to Soil Environmental Quality Standards of China. The results showed that the Cd content in pepper fruits ranged from 0.007 to 0.049 for the control, 0.045 to 0.260 for the low Cd treatment, and 0.076 to 0.345 mg/kg for the high Cd treatment, respectively. The concentrations of Cd in the different parts of pepper decreased in the order of root > stem > fruit, and there were significant correlations among the Cd concentrations in pepper root, stem, and fruit tissues. Bioaccumulation factor (BCF) and transfer factor (TF) of Cd in pepper fruits exhibited a low accumulation of Cd in the fruit of pepper. The Cd accumulation in pepper fruit could be quantitatively predicted by EDTA-extractable Cd content in soils. Multiple linear regression models proved functional in predicting Cd accumulation in different parts of pepper. The Cd content in pepper tissues was well predicted using EDTA-extractable Cd and soil variables, such as pH, EC, CEC, total phosphorus, and CaCO3 content. Soil pH and EC were major soil factors influencing Cd transfer from soil to pepper fruits, whereas total phosphorus content presented a negative effect on Cd accumulation in stem and root parts of pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yefeng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shenggao Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gurajala HK, Cao X, Tang L, Ramesh TM, Lu M, Yang X. Comparative assessment of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes for phytoremediation of Cd and Pb contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113085. [PMID: 31494406 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal removal by phytoremediation bears a great potential to decontaminate soils and Brassica juncea L. (Indian mustard) seems to be a possible candidate species for this purpose. A field experiment was conducted to compare the efficiency of eighty Indian mustard cultivars for phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from bimetal contaminated soil. Our results indicated that total Cd and Pb concentrations in the shoots and roots were in the range of 2.43 ± 0.00 to 0.31 ± 0.02 mg/kg and 2.94 ± 0.05 to 0.44 ± 0.03 mg/kg and 5.33 ± 0.76 to 0.47 ± 0.20 mg/kg and 3.78 ± 0.06 to 0.16 ± 0.08 mg/kg. Significant differences based on the translocation factors indicated that root-to-shoot transfer is higher for Pb (3.87 ± 0.12 to 0.48 ± 0.03) than Cd (3.38 ± 0.05 to 0.22 ± 0.01). Furthermore, significant correlations between dry weights, Cd and Pb concentrations and uptake in both shoots and roots were observed, but translocation factor showed a negative correlation with roots, but not in shoots. Among 80 genotypes of Indian mustard IM-25, IM-13 and IM-65 for Cd and IM-79, IM-24 and IM-32 for Pb seems to perform well for phytoextraction. The results of the field experiment suggest that certain Brassica juncea L. cultivars are suitable for removal of Cd and Pb in low to moderately contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerui Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Thanusree Mallakuntla Ramesh
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|