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Ma Y, Yang C, Liu Z, Han C, Qin Y. Arsenic mobilization across the sediment-water interface of the Three Gorges Reservoir as a function of water depth using DGT and HR-Peepers, a preliminary study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116276. [PMID: 38579533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The artificial regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) creates large water level fluctuation zones (WLFZ) that may change the behavior of metals and metalloid in sediment, particularly redox sensitive elements. Mobilization of As, Fe and Mn across the sediment-water interface (SWI) in the TGR as a function of different water depth (periodically and permanently submerged sediments, respectively) was in situ determined by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and high-resolution dialysis technique (HR-Peeper), respectively. The results showed that the mobilization of As was significantly affected by Fe/Mn especially Mn, across the SWI. Duo to the oxic-anoxic transitional state in near bottom water, the reduced Fe and Mn in sediment pore water could be oxidized and precipitated again, leading to the co-precipitation of As with Fe/Mn oxides (hydroxides). Consequently, concentrations of As, Fe and Mn in labile phases and pore water were generally low across the SWI, then they sharply increased at a few centimeters below the SWI. Considering different water depth, various trends were found in labile phase, whereas concentrations of As, Fe and Mn in pore water in permanently submerged sediments were significantly higher than those in periodically submerged sediments. The dry-re-wetting alternation processes in the WLFZ may play vital roles in the resupply capacity of sediments as it was found that periodically submerged sediments with longer re-wetting time had higher Fe/Mn resupply capacity than those with shorter re-wetting times and permanently submerged sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chaonan Han
- School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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2
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Liu H, Chi L, Shen J, Arandiyan H, Wang Y, Wang X. Principles, applications, and limitations of diffusive gradients in thin films induced fluxed in soils and sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141061. [PMID: 38159729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique serves as a passive sampling method, inducing analyte transport and concentration. Its application is widespread in assessing labile components of metals, organic matter, and nutrients across various environmental media such as water, sediments, and saturated soils. The DGT devices effectively reduce the porewater concentration through irreversible binding of solutes, consequently promoting the release of labile species from the soil/sediment solid phase. However, the precise quantification of simultaneous adsorption and desorption of labile species using DGT devices alone remains a challenge. To address this challenge, the DGT-Induced Fluxes in Soils and Sediments (DIFS) model was developed. This model simulates analyte kinetics in solid phases, solutions, and binding resins by incorporating factors such as soil properties, resupply parameters, and kinetic principles. While the DIFS model has been iteratively improved to increase its accuracy in portraying kinetic behavior in soil/sediment, researchers' incomplete comprehension of it still results in unrealistic fitting outcomes and an oversight of the profound implications posed by kinetic parameters during implementation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the optimization and utilization of DIFS models, encompassing fundamental concepts behind DGT devices and DIFS models, the kinetic interpretation of DIFS parameters, and instances where the model has been applied to study soils and sediments. It also highlights preexisting limitations of the DIFS model and offers suggestions for more precise modeling in real-world environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaji Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Lina Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Jian Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Hamidreza Arandiyan
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Xinze Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, 67100, China.
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3
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Li Q, Song Z, Xia S, Kuzyakov Y, Yu C, Fang Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Shi Y, Luo Y, Li Y, Chen J, Wang W, Zhang J, Fu X, Vancov T, Van Zwieten L, Liu CQ, Wang H. Microbial Necromass, Lignin, and Glycoproteins for Determining and Optimizing Blue Carbon Formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:468-479. [PMID: 38141044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands contribute to the mitigation of climate change through the sequestration of "blue carbon". Microbial necromass, lignin, and glycoproteins (i.e., glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP)), as important components of soil organic carbon (SOC), are sensitive to environmental change. However, their contributions to blue carbon formation and the underlying factors remain largely unresolved. To address this paucity of knowledge, we investigated their contributions to blue carbon formation along a salinity gradient in coastal marshes. Our results revealed decreasing contributions of microbial necromass and lignin to blue carbon as the salinity increased, while GRSP showed an opposite trend. Using random forest models, we showed that their contributions to SOC were dependent on microbial biomass and resource stoichiometry. In N-limited saline soils, contributions of microbial necromass to SOC decreased due to increased N-acquisition enzyme activity. Decreases in lignin contributions were linked to reduced mineral protection offered by short-range-ordered Fe (FeSRO). Partial least-squares path modeling (PLS-PM) further indicated that GRSP could increase microbial necromass and lignin formation by enhancing mineral protection. Our findings have implications for improving the accumulation of refractory and mineral-bound organic matter in coastal wetlands, considering the current scenario of heightened nutrient discharge and sea-level rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shaopan Xia
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420049, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Changxun Yu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar 39231, Sweden
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele 8830, Denmark
| | - Yidong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, & School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yu Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Institute of Soil & Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianchao Zhang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Tony Vancov
- NSW Department of Planning, Industry & Environment, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia
| | - Lukas Van Zwieten
- Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Institute of Soil & Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
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4
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Long Z, Zhu H, Bing H, Ma Z, Yu D, Zhang W, Wu Y. Bio-accessibility and mobilization dynamics of soil vanadium during a 48-year vegetation restoration in a vanadium titano-magnetite tailings reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167507. [PMID: 37788780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Bio-accessibility of vanadium (V) in soils determines the effectiveness of vegetation restoration in the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings reservoirs because of persistent V toxicity, yet the variations in the bio-accessibility and mobilization of V in the soils with vegetation restoration remain elusive. Here, the bio-accessibility and mobilization of V in the soil-water interface were investigated along a 48-year vegetation restoration chronosequence in the Majiatian tailings reservoir using the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) and DGT-induced flux model. We found a low concentration of DGT-extracted V along the vegetation restoration chronosequence and the V fraction was dominated by the residual form, indicating a low V bio-accessibility in the soils. The bio-accessibility of V increased along the chronosequence because of the increased V resupply from solid phase, especially from the organic V fraction and the clay bound V. Low supply coefficient (R = 0.25) revealed a limited release of V from solid phase to soil solution. The kinetic resupply processes of V and its key regulating parameters were stage-specific during the vegetation restoration. The pool size of labile V in the soils determined the rapid V supply at the early and late stages, while the low desorption rate of V from the solid to liquid phase regulated the slow supply regime at the middle stage. The results of the present study highlight the importance of the long-term monitoring of soil V mobilization in the tailings reservoir because of the increased bio-accessibility and the dynamic supply of V during the vegetation restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Long
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - He Zhu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610299, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610299, China.
| | - Zhongjian Ma
- Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Daming Yu
- Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Nanjing Junlinghb Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211500, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610299, China.
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5
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Yang C, Yang Z, Hou L, Ouyang L, Zhao X, Chen J, Zhao P. Remobilization characteristics and diffusion kinetic processes of sediment zinc (Zn) in a tidal reach of the Pearl River Estuary, South China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131692. [PMID: 37257381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of the remobilization mechanism of trace metals in estuarine sediments remain challenging because of dynamic hydrochemical conditions. This study integrated a chemical sequential extraction procedure (BCR), the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and high-resolution dialysis techniques, and Visual MINTEQ ver.3.1 to identify the seasonal mobilization characteristics of sediment Zn within a tidal reach, South China. The mobility of sediment Zn based on the BCR procedure contradicted the results of DGT analysis. In summer, reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides was the key driver of sediment Zn remobilization; during winter, cation exchange reactions facilitated the mobilization of Zn in the brackish water zone. The time-dependence ratios of DGT-labile Zn and dissolved Zn concentrations (mean: 0.34-0.81) indicated the sediment solid phase had partially sustained capacity to resupply Zn to the porewater in both seasons. Sediments generally functioned as a source of Zn in the freshwater zone with organically complexed Zn being diffusively released into the water column at rates of 0.3-15.5 μg·m-2·d-1. In the brackish water zone, the dominant Zn species were transformed into free Zn ions and Zn-inorganic complexes and migrated into sediment, with respective influxes of 18.9-70.7 μg·m-2·d-1 and 18.9-68.3 μg·m-2·d-1, which shifted to a sink of Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zaizhi Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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6
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Chen R, Mu X, Liu J, Cheng N, Shi R, Hu M, Chen Z, Wang H. Predictive and estimation model of Cd, Ni, and Zn bioaccumulations in maize based on diffusive gradients in thin films. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160523. [PMID: 36446665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of maize contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium, nickel, and zinc threaten human health. For situ measuring the bioavailability of heavy metals, the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) is superior to other traditional methods. It is also important to find a method for predicting heavy metal enrichment in maize based on the DGT method. In this study, field surveys were conducted in the main maize producing areas of Tianjin, China. Heavy metal concentrations in maize grains were predicted by coupling DGT with traditional extraction methods. The results show that coupling DGT with soil solution can significantly improve prediction accuracy (Cd-R2 = 0.908, Ni-R2 = 0.903, and Zn-R2 = 0.904). This indicated that DGT and soil solution were feasible predictors of heavy metal concentration in maize. The DGT induced fluxes in soil/sediment (DIFS) model was used to simulate the uptake process of heavy metals by DGT, and better reveal the desorption processes of heavy metals in soils. DIFS-based desorption processes were employed to characterize the resupply ability of heavy metals in soils. The coupling of DGT and DIFS parameters provided the best prediction accuracy in this study (Cd-R2 = 0.920, Ni-R2 = 0.928, and Zn-R2 = 0.908). Predictions are slightly weaker for Zn than for Cd and Ni (Cd-P < 0.01, Ni-P < 0.01, and Zn-P < 0.05). The reason is that the average resupply type of Cd and Ni in soil is partially sustained while Zn is resupplied via diffusion only. The desorption rate k-1 can excellently improve the prediction accuracy of DGT, which avoids the disadvantage that soil solution does not consider desorption. The coupling of DGT and DIFS parameters provides an accurate and reliable method for predicting heavy metal enrichment in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiulin Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rongguang Shi
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Miaomiao Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoran Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Liu Q, Jia Z, Liu G, Li S, Hu J. Assessment of heavy metals remobilization and release risks at the sediment-water interface in estuarine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114517. [PMID: 36580839 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The influence of overlying hydrodynamics on the exchange behaviour and fluxes of heavy metals at the sediment-water interface (SWI) is poorly understood. In the study, metals exchange behaviour and exchange rate at the SWI under resuspended and undisturbed scenario were investigated The results showed that dissolved Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb concentrations increased rapidly to attain maximum values between 0.3 and 0.5 N·m-2 after the sediment resuspended. Following the quick release, metals concentrations gradually decreased and remained at relatively low levels, especially for Cu and Zn. Meanwhile, Cu, Zn, and Pb had higher potential remobilization potential in the undisturbed case. Calculating with the hydrodynamics in the Modaomen, the metals efflux under the resuspension scenario could reach 0.55 to 4130.83 mg·m-2·yr-1, which were 1-3 orders of magnitudes higher than the undisturbed case. Whether or not resuspension events occurred, estuarine sediments were source of heavy metals, especially in the weakly mixed zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxin Liu
- Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510611, China
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guangzhou Liu
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-environmental Science (Provincial Ecological Environment Engineering Assessment Center), Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiatang Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
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8
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Li Y, Ajmone-Marsan F, Padoan E. Combining DGT with bioaccessibility methods as tool to estimate potential bioavailability and release of PTEs in the urban soil environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159597. [PMID: 36280078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in urban soil environments pose a noticeable risk to both ecosystem and human health; however, only a fraction of the elemental content is available for biota. To better know the potential risk of PTEs in the urban soil environment, geochemical fractionation, bioaccessibility, and potential bioavailability of four PTEs (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) were investigated by the combined use of different methods. The results showed that a high non-residual chemical fraction is related to a high bioavailability of the selected elements. The ranges of labile concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in all sampling sites measured by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) were 3.5-18.0, 14.2-26.5, 0.09-1.0, and 1.8-15.7 μg/L, respectively. The high non-residual contents pointed out a serious hazard to the urban environment. The bioaccessible concentrations in gastric and lung phases were closely positively correlated with DGT-measured content (r = 0.63-0.99, p < 0.05), suggesting the potential use of DGT for the prediction of PTEs risk to human health. Moreover, the correlation of DGT results with the soluble and reducible fractions of PTEs may allow DGT use for quick screenings of the PTEs fraction potentially mobilizable during flooding events in urban soil environments. Our study suggests that combing DGT, bioaccessibility and biogeochemical fractionation could provide a more accurate assessment of the urban environmental quality and be helpful for pollution control and urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy.
| | - Franco Ajmone-Marsan
- University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Elio Padoan
- University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy
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Gao L, Sun K, Xu D, Zhang K, Gao B. Equilibrium partitioning behaviors and remobilization of trace metals in the sediment profiles in the tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157882. [PMID: 35944632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical behaviors of trace metals in the sediment profiles are crucial for predicting the associated environmental risks in aquatic ecosystems. However, the comprehensive transport of trace metals under both equilibrium and dynamic conditions is still unclear under the changing hydrological regime. Here, the equilibrium partitioning behaviors and remobilization of five trace metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) in sedimentary profiles within the tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir were explored by the partitioning coefficient (Kd), diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), and DGT induced flux in sediments (DIFS) model. According to the Kd values, As posed the highest migration ability among the trace metals in the sediment profiles under equilibrium circumstances. Similarly, the dynamic processes of trace metals simulated by the DIFS model also suggested that As displayed the highest desorption rate despite having the lowest labile pool size. Moreover, all trace metals were classified as the "partially sustained" case, while the supply abilities of As and other trace metals were limited by the diffusion and the desorption kinetics, respectively. In addition, DGT-labile trace metals showed a diffusion trend from the sediment to the water column (except for Zn) at the sediment-water interface, indicating potential risks to water quality. Specifically, the equilibrium partitioning behaviors revealed the potential labile pool of trace metals in the solid phase, and the dynamic resupply process between the solid phase and porewater remained undetermined. In comparison, although DGT simulated the kinetic process of trace metals in the sediments, the labile pool of the trace metals could not be obtained. This study provided a holistic insight into the complementary trace metal behaviors under both equilibrium and dynamic conditions in the sediment and was beneficial to the water quality protection and internal pollution remediation in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Keli Zhang
- Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
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Wang Y, Liang L, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Xu F, Zhang T. The impact of river sand mining on remobilization of lead and cadmium in sediments - A case study of the Jialing River. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114144. [PMID: 36193585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the fast pace of urbanization worldwide, industrial sand mining activities have imposed great pressure on the environment, and consequently, these activities have led to serious environmental problems in aquatic ecosystems. However, the current understanding of the effect of sand mining on heavy metal remobilization in river sediments remains incomplete. The present study employed sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and the sequential extraction (SE) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) techniques to comprehensively investigate the effect of sand mining on the remobilization process of heavy metals in the aquatic system of the Jialing River. The SQGs results indicated that stations (S1 to S4) with sand mining disturbance exhibited Pb and Cd accumulation in surface sediments. Both Ctotal-Pb (61.78-122.04 mg·kg-1) and Ctotal-Cd (0.85-3.96 mg·kg-1) were higher than CSQGI (60 mg·kg-1 for Pb and 0.5 mg·kg-1 for Cd) and TEC (35.8 mg·kg-1 for Pb and 0.99 mg·kg-1 for Cd) limitation in most of sand mining stations. Pb and Cd were mainly bounded in the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction (F1) and oxidizable fraction (F3) of the surface sediments. At the four stations with sand mining disturbance, about 5-10 folds of DGT-labile Pb and Cd were released in deep sediments (-9 to -12 cm), and Pb and Cd exhibited a transport trend from the sediments into the overlying water, while the above phenomenon was not observed at the two stations without sand mining activities. Correlation analysis revealed that DGT-labile Pb and Cd were suitably correlated with the F1 and F3 fractions, indicating that the acid-soluble/exchangeable and oxidizable fractions were the main sources leading to Pb and Cd remobilization in the sediments. A potential mechanism explanation may be that (1) intense sediment stirring could result in remobilization of the weakly bound fraction, which is related to the contribution of the F1 fraction, and (2) Cd/Pb experienced a corelease process with sulfur due to O2 introduction (elevation of the dissolved oxygen level) attributed to sediment evacuation, which is related to the contribution of the F3 fraction. The above results suggested that sand mining in the Jialing River should be paid high attention to prevent heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Luyu Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Fubin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China; Institute of the Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Xu F, Wang Y, Chen X, Liang L, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Zhang T. Assessing the environmental risk and mobility of cobalt in sediment near nonferrous metal mines with risk assessment indexes and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113456. [PMID: 35568234 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Jialing River is the tributary of the Yangtze River with the largest drainage area. In recent years, the Jialing River has suffered a series of environmental problems, such as discharge of industrial effluent and sand mining activities, which have severely threatened the aquatic ecosystem of the river. In the present study, we employed risk assessment indexes, sequential extraction and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique to assess environmental risks and study the remobilization of cobalt (Co) in sediments. The potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code results demonstrated that Co may pose a low environmental and ecological risk to the local aquatic environment. However, BCR sequential extraction showed that the sum of the F1, F2 and F3 fractions of Co still accounted for over 50% of the Co in the study areas, indicating that sediments may be a source of Co release. The DGT results showed an increasing trend for DGT-labile Co in deep sediments (-8 cm to -12 cm), and the calculated flux values ranged from 0.08 to 15.54 ng cm2·day-1, indicating that Co tends to transfer across the sediment-water interface at all sampling sites. Correlation analysis showed that F1-Co, F2-Co and F3-Co are the fractions readily captured by DGT and can be used for predicting Co remobilization in sediment. Sand mining activities contribute substantially to the release of Co from the F1 and F3 fractions as a result of strong stirring of sediments and introduction of oxygen into the sediments. The reductive dissolution of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) hydroxides or oxides causes the release of Co and Fe/Mn in the sediment, which leads to Co release from the reducible fraction. The above work suggests that sand mining in the Jialing River should be reasonably regulated to prohibit illegal sand mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Luyu Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Fubin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China; Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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12
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Marrugo-Madrid S, Salas-Moreno M, Gutiérrez-Mosquera H, Salazar-Camacho C, Marrugo-Negrete J, Díez S. Assessment of dissolved mercury by diffusive gradients in thin films devices in abandoned ponds impacted by small scale gold mining. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112633. [PMID: 34973194 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to fulfil the Minamata Convention on Mercury, it is necessary to monitor the Hg contamination in freshwater ecosystems nearby artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) areas. Since most of these ASGM communities are located in remote areas, a convenient method for sampling, preserving and transporting samples is needed. In this study we evaluated the feasibility of the diffusive gradient in thin-films (DGT) technique to detect and quantify the labile fraction of Hg and other metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn and Cr) in a hard-to-reach gold mining district in the state of Chocó, Colombia. We deployed DGT at sampling sites along the Atrato river and abandoned mining ponds (AMPs) which were deserted in different periods since 1997 to 2019 (6-15 years). In average, the labile THg concentrations in AMPs (148.9 ± 43.2 ng L-1) were a 50% higher than in the river water (99.9 ± 37.4 ng L-1). In the ponds, no significant differences were found in labile Hg with respect abandonment period. Labile Ni (0.9-493.1), Mn (1.33-11.48), Cu (0.030-2.233), and Zn (0.67-10.29) (in μg L-1) were found in higher amounts than for the rest of metals. Labile concentrations of metals are related with their downstream proximity to gold mining activities, being higher in devices deployed close to ASGM sites. Moreover, this study demonstrates the feasibility of the DGT technique to sample, transport, storage, and preserve labile Hg from hard-to-reach ASGM areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siday Marrugo-Madrid
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Salas-Moreno
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Quibdó, Colombia
| | - Harry Gutiérrez-Mosquera
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Quibdó, Colombia
| | - Carlos Salazar-Camacho
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Quibdó, Colombia
| | | | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ji X, Challis JK, Brinkmann M. A critical review of diffusive gradients in thin films technique for measuring organic pollutants: Potential limitations, application to solid phases, and combination with bioassays. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132352. [PMID: 34826958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) for organics has received considerable attention for studying the chemical dynamics of various organic pollutants in the environment. This review investigates current limitations of DGT for organics and identifies several research gaps for future studies. The application of a protective outer filter membrane has been recommended for most DGT applications, however, important questions regarding longer lag times due to significant interaction or adsorption of specific groups of compounds on the outer membrane remain. A modified DGT configuration has been developed that uses the diffusive gel as the outer membrane without the use of an extra filter membrane, however use of this configuration, while largely successful, remains limited. Biofouling has been a concern when using DGT for metals; however, effect on the performance of DGT for organics needs to be systemically studied. Storage stability of compounds on intact DGT samplers has been assessed in select studies and that data is synthesized here. DGT has been used to describe the kinetic desorption of antibiotics from soils and biosolids based on the soil/biosolid physical-chemical characteristics, yet applications remain limited and requires further research before wide-scale adoption is recommended. Finally, DGT for organics has been rarely, albeit successfully, combined with bioassays as well as in vivo bioaccumulation studies in zebrafish. Studies using DGT combined with bioassays to predict the adverse effects of environmental mixtures on aquatic or terrestrial biota are discussed here and should be considered for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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14
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Liu B, Luo J, Jiang S, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhou S. Geochemical fractionation, bioavailability, and potential risk of heavy metals in sediments of the largest influent river into Chaohu Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118018. [PMID: 34438169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the largest tributary flowing into Chaohu Lake, China, the Hangbu-Fengle River (HFR) has an important impact on the aquatic environment security of the lake. However, existing information on the potential risks of heavy metals (HMs) in HFR sediments was insufficient due to the lack of bioavailability data on HMs. Hence, geochemical fractionation, bioavailability, and potential risk of five HMs (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in HFR sediments were investigated by the combined use of the diffusive gradient in thin-films (DGT), sequential extraction (BCR), as well as the physiologically based extraction test (PBET). The average contents of Cd and Zn in the HFR Basin were more than the background values in the sediments of Chaohu Lake. A large percentage of BCR-extracted exchangeable fraction was found in Cd (8.69%), Zn (8.12%), and Cu (8.05%), suggesting higher bioavailability. The PBET-extracted fractions of five HMs were all almost closely positively correlated with their BCR-extracted forms. The pH was an important factor affecting the bioavailability of HMs. The average DGT-measured contents of Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb were 28.07, 7.7, 3.69, 2.26, 0.5 μg/L, respectively. Only DGT-measured Cd significantly negatively correlated with Eh, indicating that Cd also had a high release risk under reducing conditions, similar to the risk assessment results. Our results could provide a reference for evaluating the potential bioavailabilities and ecological hazards of HMs in similar study areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiang Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550001, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shuo Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yucheng Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xuesheng Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shaoqi Zhou
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550001, China
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15
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Evaluation of the Potential Release Tendency of Metals and Metalloids from the Estuarine Sediments: Case Study of Raša Bay. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216656. [PMID: 34771065 PMCID: PMC8587412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing the environmental quality of coastal systems is important not only for the management and protection of such areas, but also for improving the quality of water resources. Since sediment itself can often be a source of certain toxic elements, in addition to information on the distribution of metals in the water column and in the sediment itself, it is useful to determine the bioavailable forms of individual elements, particularly toxic ones. In this study, water and sediment geochemical data were supplemented with oxyanion mobility in sediments estimated by diffusion gradients in thin film (DGTs). The data obtained indicate that the chemical composition of the water in the Raša River estuary primarily reflects the high input of suspended sediment from the catchment, the mixing of freshwater and seawater, and to a lesser extent the effects of anthropogenic activities. Although sediment composition is primarily determined by geological and hydrodynamic conditions in the catchment, it also indicates moderate enrichment in Co, Cr, Mo and Ni. In contrast, the distribution of oxyanions in sediment pore water indicates the influence of sediment as a source of some elements in the bottom water; e.g., sediment contributes to 40% of the arsenic bottom water budget. The obtained depth profiles of the oxyanion distribution in the sediment pore water indicate an early onset of suboxic to anoxic conditions in Raša Bay, which is prone to rapid sedimentation. All this demonstrates the need to consider the bioavailable forms of elements when assessing environmental quality, as the lack of such information can lead to an incomplete assessment, especially in dynamic coastal systems such as estuaries.
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Xu F, Jia Y, Wang Y, Zhang F, Li L, Li Y, Ren L, Wang D, Zhang T. Does sand mining affect the remobilization of copper and zinc in sediments? - A case study of the Jialing River (China). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111416. [PMID: 34090892 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the sand mining industry causes severe destruction in river basin environments. In this study, six sediment cores were collected, and sequential extraction was applied in conjunction with the diffusive gradients in the thin films (DGT) technique to explore the effect of sand mining on the remobilization of Cu and Zn in the sediments. The results showed that Cu and Zn were mainly bound in the residual fraction in the sediments. CDGT-Cu/Zn in the sediments presented obvious increasing trends at the bottom (-9 to -12 cm) at the four sites that experienced sand mining and a decreasing trend at the sites with no sand mining disturbance. Cu and Zn also tended to be transported from the sediments to the overlying water at the four sand mining sites. A correlation analysis found that F1 and F3 correlated well with CDGT-Cu/Zn, indicating that the water/exchangeable fraction and oxidized fraction were the main fractions that led to increases in DGT-labile Cu and Zn in the sediments. Further analysis found that the introduction of oxygen (O2) was the main reason for the simultaneous release of sulfur (S), Cu and Zn in the sediments, as indicated by the "dark area" of AgI gel appearing at the same position as the "hot spot area" of Chelex gel. Two main sand mining effects on the release of Cu and Zn were hypothesized: (1) intense sand disturbance leads to the transfer of the water/exchangeable fraction (F1) to the DGT-labile fraction and (2) O2 introduction promotes the reaction of stable sulfide (F3), thus transferring it to the DGT-labile fraction. The above results indicated that the sand mining industry should be paid much attention in the Jialing River, as it can obviously cause labile Cu and Zn release into the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Yuting Jia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Fubin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Liping Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China; Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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17
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Chen R, Gao T, Cheng N, Ding G, Wang Q, Shi R, Hu G, Cai X. Application of DGT/DIFS to assess bioavailable Cd to maize and its release in agricultural soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:124837. [PMID: 33450634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tianjin, as an important maize production region in China, has a long history of sewage irrigation resulting in the soil cadmium (Cd) contamination. In this study, single extractions of CaCl2 and HNO3, BCR sequential extraction and the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) were used to measure the bioavailable Cd content in soils. The Cd content in soil samples all exceeded the background values, with 14.3% and 33.3% of sites in the Baodi District (BDD) and Jinghai District (JHD) exceeding the risk control values, respectively. The average content of Cd in maize samples is lower than the pollution control values, which may be related to the higher pH (8.53) and organic matter (OM) content (15.01 g kg-1) in soils. Bioavailable Cd measured by DGT correlated well with Cd in maize grains (R2 =0.92). The DGT and DIFS model predicted the metals release from the agricultural lands, the total concentration of Cd in soil was relatively low, but the labile Cd in the soils has adequate metal release capability. This study shows that DGT is efficient in predicting Cd accumulation in grains from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Guoyu Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Rongguang Shi
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Guangzhi Hu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Xuying Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Wu Q, Yang Z, Li M, Chen J, Hou L. Mobilization mechanisms and toxicity risk of sediment trace metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb) based on diffusive gradients in thin films: A case study in the Xizhi River basin, South China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124590. [PMID: 33234397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the mobilization mechanisms and predicting the potential toxicity risk of metals in sediment are essential to contamination remediation in river basins. In this study, a sequential extraction procedure and diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT) were employed to investigate the mobilization mechanisms, release characteristics, and potential toxicity of sediment metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb). Acid-soluble and reducible fractions were the dominant geochemical species of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb in sediments, indicating high mobility potentials for these metals under reducing conditions. In summer, the sediment acted as a source of water-column metals due to mineralization of organic matter and reductive dissolution of iron/manganese oxides in surface sediments, and the formation of metal sulfide precipitates markedly lowered DGT-labile metal concentrations with depth, while localized sulfide oxidation was responsible for fluctuating labile metal concentrations. Stable distribution patterns of labile metals resulted from the weak reducing conditions of sediment in winter, when the sediment shifted to a metal sink. The interstitial water criteria toxicity unit (IWCTU), calculated from DGT measurements, indicated no and low-to-moderate toxic risk of sediments in summer and winter seasons, respectively, and Pb was the major contributor to the predicted toxic effects in the soft interstitial water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Manzi Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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Yuan H, Yin H, Yang Z, Yu J, Liu E, Li Q, Tai Z, Cai Y. Diffusion kinetic process of heavy metals in lacustrine sediment assessed under different redox conditions by DGT and DIFS model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140418. [PMID: 32886994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Different fractions and variations of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe in sediment via oxic and anaerobic treatments were investigated using BCR sequential extraction methods, DGT technique, and DIFS model. The results indicated that reducible fraction was the considerable pool apart from residual fraction, suggesting the high desorption potential of heavy metals. The high-resolution DGT measurement indicated that CDGT significantly rose after anaerobic condition and characterized by the relative high R value. Significantly increasing positive fluxes varying from 0.64 to 339.4 μg cm-2 s-1 except Ni suggested that apparent diffusion upward occurred over time from the sediment to the overlying water on anaerobic episode. High proportion of reducible Fe fraction and concurrent reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) during anaerobic condition were responsible for the increase of labile metals. The diffusion kinetic parameters including the equilibrium distribution coefficient (Kd), response time (Tc), and rate constant (k1 and k-1) were obtained using DIFS model. These parameters confirmed the partially sustained resupply capacity of heavy metals from solid sediment particle to pore water because of the considerable reducible fractions. Additionally, planar optode (PO) imaging approach demonstrated that low pH accompanied with decreasing dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on anaerobic condition enhanced the release of labile metal fraction. Generally, anoxia facilitated the reduction of reducible fraction of heavy metals and further strengthened the desorption, resupply and diffusion in the aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jianghu Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250359, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Ziqiu Tai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yiwei Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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Luo F, Li Y, Norgbey E, Li R, Ya Z, Nwankwegu AS, Lie H, Sarpong L. A study on the occurrence of black water in reservoirs in Eucalyptus Plantation region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34927-34940. [PMID: 32577983 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tianbao reservoir in southern China (surrounded by Eucalyptus plantation) serves as a source of drinking water for the inhabitants. However, the reservoir water experiences black water (BW) of which the cause remains unclear. In this study, field observation and simulated laboratory experiment were conducted to understand the cause of the BW. The diffusive gradient in thin-film (DGT) device monitored the spatial changes in concentration of iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), sulfide (S2-), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at the SWI. The planar optode (PO) showed that hypoxia contributed immensely to the high positive fluxes Fe2+, Mn2+, and S2- measured, which co-precipitated to form black materials (FeS and MnS) at the SWI. The co-precipitation between Fe-S and Mn-S was supported by their significant positive correlation (Fe-S: r > 0.05, p < 0.05, Mn-S: r > 0.2, p < 0.05). Significant reduction (p < 0.05) in tannins concentration from November (strong thermal stratification) to December (weak thermal stratification) indicated that Fe2+ and tannins reacted during the mixing of reservoir water in December due to weak stratification. The simulated experiment confirmed that fresh Eucalyptus leaves produces a significant (p < 0.05) amount of tannins during hypoxia and reacts with Fe2+ to produce black water. A high positive correlation (r > 0.8) between Fe2+ and DOC demonstrated that Fe2+ and DOC combined and contributed to the reservoir water blackening. The study provides a better understanding on the impact of Eucalyptus plantation on water quality and provide guidance for scientific planting of Eucalyptus plantation in reservoir basins in southern China to ensure safe drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou, 510045, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Eyram Norgbey
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
- College of Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Ronghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Zhu Ya
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Amechi S Nwankwegu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Huang Lie
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Linda Sarpong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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21
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Norgbey E, Li Y, Ya Z, Li R, Nwankwegu AS, Takyi-Annan GE, Luo F, Jin W, Huang Y, Sarpong L. High resolution evidence of iron-phosphorus-sulfur mobility at hypoxic sediment water interface: An insight to phosphorus remobilization using DGT-induced fluxes in sediments model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138204. [PMID: 32408451 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The deterioration of reservoirs in southern China due to the kinetics of Iron (Fe), Phosphorus (P) and sulphide (S) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) is a major problem that needs urgent attention. Studies on the biogeochemistry of Fe, P, and S using high-resolution profile techniques in reservoirs in this region are limited. The diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique, high-resolution dialysis, DGT-computer imaging densitometry (CID), DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) and planar optode (PO) device were used to describe the dynamics Fe-P-S in SWI during hypoxia. The results showed the release of Fe-P-S in SWI was due to sulfate reduction and iron reduction influenced greatly by hypoxia. Positive apparent fluxes were recorded indicating that the sediments release Fe-P-S to the overlying water. High positive correlations (r2 > 0.7) for DGT-labile Fe and DGT-labile P in sediments revealed that iron-bound P controlled the release of P at SWI during reductive dissolution. The low correlation between DGT-labile Fe and DGT-labile S (r2 < 0.4) disclosed the combative nature between sulfate reduction and iron reduction process. The low correlation occurred because of the co-precipitation between Fe and S, forming black materials such as monosulfide (FeS) and pyrite (FeS2) in a hypoxic environment. The DIFS model showed the resupply ability (R-values) of P in sediments belonged to the partially sustained case with a steady state case of resupply at TB3 (Tc = 1088s, Kd = 1005.61 cm3/g R = 0.72, K-1 = 0.19 day-1) and TB4 (Tc = 712 s, Kd = 712.53 cm3/g, R = 0.78, K-1 = 0.46 day-1). The resupply rate belonged to the non-steady state case at TB1 (Tc = 10,990 s, Kd = 396.3 cm3/g, R = 0.35, K-1 = 0.07 day-1) and TB2 (Tc = 6097 s, Kd = 578.5 cm3/g, R = 0.45, K-1 = 0.10 day-1). The DGT-CID-PO-DIFS provided a deep insight on the mechanism of Fe-P-S and remobilization of P at SWI leading to Blackwater events and eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyram Norgbey
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Zhu Ya
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ronghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Amechi S Nwankwegu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Georgina Esi Takyi-Annan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Linda Sarpong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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