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Zhang M, Qiu W, Nie R, Xia Q, Zhang D, Pan X. Macronutrient and PFOS bioavailability manipulated by aeration-driven rhizospheric organic nanocapsular assembly. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121334. [PMID: 38382293 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitous presence of the extremely persistent pollutants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, is drawing ever-increasing concerns for their high eco-environmental risks which, however, are insufficiently considered based on the assembly characteristics of those amphiphilic molecules in environment. This study investigated the re-organization and self-assembly of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and macronutrient molecules from rhizospheric organic (RhO) matter induced with a common operation of aeration. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with infrared spectroscopy (IR)-mapping clearly showed that, after aeration and stabilization, RhO nanocapsules (∼ 1000 nm or smaller) with a core of PFOS-protein complexes coated by "lipid-carbohydrate" layers were observed whereas the capsule structure with a lipid core surrounded by "protein-carbohydrate-protein" multilayers was obtained in the absence of PFOS. It is aeration that exerted the disassociation of pristine RhO components, after which the environmental concentration PFOS restructured the self-assembly structure in a conspicuous "disorder-to-order" transition. AFM IR-mapping analysis of faeces combined with quantification of component uptake denoted the decreased ingestion and utilization of both PFOS and proteins compared with lipids and carbohydrates when Daphnia magna were fed with RhO nanocapsules. RhO nanocapsules acted as double-edged swords via simultaneously impeding the bioaccessibility of hazardous PFOS molecules and macronutrient proteins; and the latter might be more significant, which caused a malnutrition status within merely 48 h. Elucidating the assembly structure of natural organic matter and environmental concentration PFOS, the finding of this work could be a crucial supplementation to the high-dose-dependent eco-effect investigations on PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Weifeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiaoyun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Eghan K, Lee S, Kim WK. Cardio- and neuro-toxic effects of four parabens on Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115670. [PMID: 37976924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Parabens can potentially disrupt the hormonal regulation of energy metabolism, leading to issues related to obesity, metabolic health, and the cardiovascular and nervous systems. However, the health effects of parabens have yielded conflicting research results. The impact of these substances on aquatic organisms, specifically their neuro- and cardio-toxic effects, has been insufficiently investigated. Hence, the primary goal of our research was to investigate and comprehensively assess the neuro- and cardio-toxic effects of four distinct parabens using the Daphnia magna model. After 48 h of exposure to various concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) of four parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butyl-paraben), along with a solvent control, we conducted a series of physiological tests, behavioral observations, and gene transcription analyses, focusing on cardiomyopathy, serotonin, glutamate, dopamine, GABA, acetylcholine receptors, and ion flux. From a physiological perspective, the heart rate and thoracic limb activity of the exposed daphnids showed substantial time- and dose-dependent inhibitions. Notably, among the parabens tested, butylparaben exhibited the most potent inhibition, with significant alterations in cardiomyopathy-related gene transcription. In the context of neurotoxicity, all the parabens had a significant impact on gene expression, with methylparaben having the most pronounced effect. Additionally, significant changes were observed in parameters such as distance moved, the distance between individuals, and the extent of body contact among the daphnids. In summary, our findings indicate that each paraben has the capacity to induce neurobehavioral and cardiotoxic disorders in Daphnia magna. The effects of butylparaben on the cardiovascular and nervous systems were found to be the most pronounced. These discoveries showed the potential ecological implications of paraben exposure in aquatic ecosystems, particularly regarding the predator avoidance abilities of Daphnia magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojo Eghan
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Eghan K, Lee S, Kim WK. Cardiotoxicity and neurobehavioral effects induced by acrylamide in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113923. [PMID: 35930837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide has neurotoxic and/or cardiotoxic effects on humans however available information regarding the neuro- and cardiotoxicity currently is very limited for freshwater organism models. Using three distinct techniques, thus, we investigated the neuro- and cardiotoxic effects of acrylamide in the freshwater invertebrate model, Daphnia magna. We exposed D. magna to acrylamide at concentrations of 0.3, 2.7, and 11.1 mg/L for 48 h alongside a control group. We then conducted physiological (thoracic limb activity and heart rate) and behavioral tests (including distance moved, velocity, turn angle, moving duration, the distance between subjects, and body contact frequency), as well as gene transcription analyses (related to cardiomyopathy, the serotonergic synapse, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, the GABAergic synapse, and acetylcholine receptors). After acrylamide exposure, the thoracic limb activity and heart rates of D. magna showed time- and dose dependent inhibition. From low to high exposure concentrations, both heart rates and thoracic limb activity were decreased. Additionally, the distance between subjects and body contact frequencies was significantly reduced. At the gene transcription level, acrylamide significantly altered the transcription of five genes related to cardiomyopathy and eight genes related to the serotonergic synapse, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, and the GABAergic synapse. The signs of hindered neural and cardiac functions were shown in D. magna. This suggests that acrylamide exposure leads to cardiotoxicity and neurobehavior defects in D. magna. Because cardiotoxicity and neurobehavioral changes may cause an ecological imbalance via predation of D. magna, acrylamide may also be considered a threat to freshwater ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojo Eghan
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea; Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea; Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
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Pyrolytic Remediation and Ecotoxicity Assessment of Fuel-Oil-Contaminated Soil. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10050245. [PMID: 35622658 PMCID: PMC9144531 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oil-contaminated soil is a major societal problem for humans and the environment. In this study, the pyrolysis method was applied to oil-contaminated soil used as a landfill and gas station site in Korea. The removal efficiency of the main components of oil-contaminated soils, such as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), unresolved complex mixture (UCM), and alkylated PAHs (Alk-PAHs) were measured, and the effect of temperature, treatment time, and moisture content on pyrolysis efficiency was studied. In order to evaluate the risk of soil from which pollutants were removed through pyrolysis, integrated ecotoxicity was evaluated using Daphnia magna and Allivibrio fischeri. The chemical and biological measurements in this study include contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs). Results showed that the pyrolysis was more efficient with higher treatment temperatures, moisture content, and treatment times. In addition, toxicity was reduced by 99% after pyrolysis, and the degree of toxicity was evaluated more sensitively in Allivibrio fischeri than in Daphnia magna. This study shows that weathered oil-contaminated soil can be effectively treated in a relatively short time through pyrolysis, as well as provides information on efficient conditions and the assessment of ecotoxicity.
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Farkas A, Somogyvári D, Kovács AW, Mörtl M, Székács A, Győri J. Physiological and metabolic alterations induced by commercial neonicotinoid formulations in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:415-424. [PMID: 35091852 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used agents in agriculture to control a broad range of insect pests. Although use of neonicotinoid pesticides has resulted in the widespread contamination of surface waters, sublethal toxicity data of these products in relation to non-target aquatic biota are still poor. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of two neonicotinoid pesticides with widespread use on the basic physiological functions: the thoracic limb activity and heart rate of Daphnia magna, and to screen for their potential to affect the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system (ECOD activity) of daphnids. The considered pesticides were the acetamiprid- and thiacloprid based products Mospilan 20 SG and Calypso 480 SC, respectively. The dose-dependent variation in the three biological endpoints considered were assessed following 24 h exposures. The two neonicotinoid formulations elicited significant depression on the thoracic limb activity and heart rate of daphnids at doses close to the immobility thresholds of formulations (48h-EC50: Mospilan 20 SG = 190 mg L-1; Calypso 480 SC = 120 mg L-1), an effect mainly attributable to the overall drop in the general health status of the organisms. The alterations in the physiological traits were significant at exposures to 190 mg L-1 for Mospilan 20 SG and 48 mg L-1 for Calypso 480 SC. The dose related variation in the ECOD activity of daphnids exposed to the selected neonicotinoid formulations followed a biphasic pattern, with starting effective doses for Mospilan 20 SG of 6.3 mg L-1 (=1/20 of 48h-EC50 for Daphnia neonates), and for Calypso 480 SC of 0.034 mg L-1 (=1/4000 of 48h-EC50). Maximal ECOD activity (2.2 fold increase vs. controls) was induced by Mospilan 20 SG in daphnids exposed to 114 mg L-1 product (=48 h-EC20), and by Calypso 480 SC (1.8 fold increase) at 5.2 mg L-1 dose (=1/20 of 48 h-EC50). Our results outlined significant alterations in the physiological traits and ECOD activity in exposed daphnids at concentrations below the immobility thresholds (48 h-EC50) of the products used as benchmarks to rate their toxicity risks to aquatic biota. Therefore, we think our findings might deserve consideration in the environmental risk evaluation of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Farkas
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Dávid Somogyvári
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Tihany, Hungary
| | - Attila W Kovács
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Tihany, Hungary
| | - Mária Mörtl
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Székács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Győri
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Tihany, Hungary
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Adedara IA, Costa FV, Biasuz E, Canzian J, Farombi EO, Rosemberg DB. Influence of acid-sensing ion channel blocker on behavioral responses in a zebrafish model of acute visceral pain. Behav Brain Res 2022; 416:113565. [PMID: 34499933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) play significant roles in numerous neurological and pathological conditions, including pain. Although acid-induced nociception has been characterized previously in zebrafish, the contribution of ASICs in modulating pain-like behaviors is still unknown. Here, we investigated the role of amiloride, a nonselective ASICs blocker, in the negative modulation of specific behavioral responses in a zebrafish-based model of acute visceral pain. We verified that intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/mL amiloride alone or vehicle did not change zebrafish behavior compared to saline-treated fish. Administration of 2.5% acetic acid (i.p.) elicited writhing-like response evidenced by the abnormal body curvature and impaired locomotion and motor activity. Attenuation of acetic acid-induced pain was verified at lower amiloride doses (0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL) whereas 1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL abolished pain-like responses. The protective effect of the highest amiloride dose tested was evident in preventing writhing-like responses and impaired locomotion and vertical activity. Collectively, amiloride antagonized abdominal writhing-like phenotype and aberrant behaviors, supporting the involvement of ASICs in a zebrafish-based model of acute visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Adedara
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Fabiano V Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Biasuz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Canzian
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA.
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Sun X, Tu K, Li L, Wu B, Wu L, Liu Z, Zhou L, Tian J, Yang A. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals molecular responses of the clams to acute hypoxia. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 168:105317. [PMID: 33819872 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mudflat shellfish have evolved well-adapted strategies for coping with dynamic environmental fluxes and stressful conditions, including oxygen availability. The Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum are worldwide cultured shellfish in marine intertidal zone, which usually encounter great risk of acute hypoxia exposure in coastal habitats. To reveal the effects of acute hypoxia on metabolic changes of the clams, we performed the integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the global changes of genes and metabolites during acute hypoxia stress at the whole-organism level. The comparative transcriptome analysis reveals that the clams show the remarkable depression in a variety of biological performance, such as metabolic rates, neuronal activity, biomineralization activity, and cell proliferation and differentiation at the hypoxic condition. The metabolomic analysis reveals that amino acid metabolism plays a critical role in the metabolic changes of the clams in response to acute hypoxia. A variety of free amino acids may not only be served as the potential osmolytes for osmotic regulation, but also may contribute to energy production during the acute hypoxia exposure. The metabolite analysis also reveals several important biomarkers for metabolic changes, and provides new insights into how clams deal with acute hypoxia. These findings suggest that clams may get through acute hypoxia stress by the adaptive metabolic strategy to survive short-period of acute hypoxia which is likely to occur in their typical habitat. The present findings will not only shed lights on the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of adaptive strategies under stressful conditions, but also provide the signaling metabolites to assess the physiological states of clams in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kang Tu
- Putian Institute of Aquaculture Science of Fujian Province, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Li Li
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266104, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liqing Zhou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiteng Tian
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Feng Q, Shao M, Yuan F, Liu F. Polydatin attenuates cadmium-induced oxidative stress via stimulating SOD activity and regulating mitochondrial function in Musca domestica larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126009. [PMID: 32000039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environment contaminant due to the development of electroplating and metallurgical industry. Cd can be enriched by organisms via food chain, causing the enlarged environmental problems and posing threats to the health of humans. Polydatin (PD), a natural stilbenoid compound derived from Polygonum cuspidatum, shows pronouncedly curative effect on oxidative damage. In this work, the protective effects of PD on oxidative damage induced by Cd in Musca domestica (housefly) larvae were evaluated. The larvae were exposed to Cd and/or PD, subsequently, the oxidative stress status, mitochondria activity, oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, and survival rate were assessed. Cd exposure generated significant increases of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxoG) in the housefly larvae, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and survival rate decline. Interestingly, pretreatment with PD exhibited obviously mitochondrial protective effects in the Cd-exposed larvae, as evidenced by reduced MDA, ROS and 8-oxoG levels, and increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), mitochondrial electron transfer chain, and mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as respiratory control ratio. These results suggested that PD could attenuate Cd-induced damage via maintaining redox balance, stimulating SOD activity, and regulating mitochondria activity in housefly larvae. As a natural polyphenolic chemical, PD can act as a potential candidate compounds to relieve Cd injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yajing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Menghua Shao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fengyu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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