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Wang Z, Wang H, Jie X, Zhao X, Waters KE, Northwood DO, Cui S, Ma H. Reduction-Sulfurization Smelting Process of Waste Hydrogenation Catalysts, Automotive Exhaust Purifier Waste Catalysts, and Laterite Nickel Ore. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40713-40728. [PMID: 37929153 PMCID: PMC10621019 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduction-sulfurization smelting is an effective method for treating solid hazardous waste and recovering valuable components from them. In this work, a waste hydrogenation catalyst (WHC), an automotive exhaust purifier waste catalyst (AEPWC), a vulcanizer, and laterite nickel ore were mixed, and the reduction smelting behavior of this solid waste was investigated. XRD (X-ray diffractometry), TG-DSC (thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry), SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy), OM (optical microscopy), and ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry) methods were used to examine the chemical composition, thermal stability, structure, and morphology, as well as the metal content of the samples. Under the Al2O3-FeO-SiO2 ternary slag system, at a smelting temperature of 1450 °C, smelting time of 2 h, mass ratio of coke, pyrite, and CaO to waste catalysts of 16, 25, and 0%, respectively, nickel (Ni) and molybdenum (Mo) recovery reached 91.1 and 92.9%, respectively, where average PGMs (platinum group metals, platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh)) recovery reached 96%, although vanadium (V) recovery was only 25.1%. The characterization of the slag shows that Al, Si, and Fe are mainly bound in the form of chemical compounds, while V is intercalated with ferro- or aluminosilicate, which hinders the reduction and sulfurization of V. A series of tests using reduction smelting without sulfurization were also conducted, after which the Ni, Mo, and V recovery reached 96.8, 96.6, and 89.7%, respectively, while PGMs (Pt, Pd, Rh) recovery ranges from 90.2 to 98.0%. The collaborative disposal of primary ore and multisource solid waste has been achieved through two process paths: reducing smelting and reducing sulfurization smelting, which provide reference for the collaborative smelting of multisource secondary resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- BGRIMM
Technology Group, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Haibei Wang
- BGRIMM
Technology Group, Beijing 100070, China
| | - XiaoWu Jie
- BGRIMM
Technology Group, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- BGRIMM
Technology Group, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Kristian E. Waters
- Department
of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill
University, 3610 University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C5
| | - Derek O. Northwood
- Department
of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B3P4
| | - Senlin Cui
- School
of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical
University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Hao Ma
- BGRIMM
Technology Group, Beijing 100070, China
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2
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Wang Q, Bai X, Miao Q, Wang T, Wang X, Xu Q. Isolation and characterization of quorum quenching bacteria from municipal solid waste and bottom ash co-disposal landfills. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:1480-1485. [PMID: 36912483 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x231155807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Co-landfilling of bottom ash (BA) accelerates the clogging of leachate collection systems (LCSs) and increases the risk of landfill failure. The clogging was mainly associated with bio-clogging, which may be reduced by quorum quenching (QQ) strategies. This communication reports on a study of how isolated facultative QQ bacterial strains from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and BA co-disposal landfills. In MSW landfills, two novel QQ strains (Brevibacillus agri and Lysinibacillus sp. YS11) can degrade the signal molecule hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) and octanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa could degrade C6-HSL and C8-HSL in BA co-disposal landfills. Moreover, P. aeruginosa (0.98) was observed with a higher growth rate (OD600) compared to that of B. agri (0.27) and Lysinibacillus sp. YS11 (0.53). These results indicated that the QQ bacterial strains were associated with leachate characteristics and signal molecules and could be used for controlling bio-clogging in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xinyue Bai
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qianming Miao
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, PR China
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3
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Wang Q, Miao Q, Huang K, Lin Y, Wang T, Bai X, Xu Q. Spatial-temporal clogging development in leachate collection systems of landfills: Insight into chemical and biological clogging characteristics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:163-172. [PMID: 37660629 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The clogging of leachate collection systems (LCSs) is a typical challenge for landfills operation. Although clogging occurs in different LCS components, its spatial-temporal distributions remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically investigate the dynamic clogging development in simulated LCSs by monitoring changes in clogging characteristics over time. Results revealed that clogging accumulated in all components of the simulated LCS during a 215-day period, including chemical clogging and bio-clogging. Distinct spatial variations in clogging components were observed along the leachate flow of the simulated LCS, with the geotextile being severely clogged due to bio-clogging (70.1 ± 3.0%-80.0 ± 0.5%). Additionally, chemical clogging mainly occurred at the top (85.4 ± 0.8%-95.0 ± 0.9%) and middle (91.2 ± 0.8%-94.9 ± 1.1%) gravel layers. Nevertheless, the percentage of chemical clogging decreased from 72.0 ± 2.1% (day 42) to 42.5 ± 2.7% (day 215) at the bottom gravel layer. Chemical clogging was the main type in the pipe, accounting for 69.6 ± 0.5% (day 215). In addition, the ratios of bio-clogging to chemical clogging changed over time in all LCS components. The spatial-temporal characteristics of clogging across LCS components can enhance the understanding of clogging mechanisms, facilitate the design optimization of LCSs, and promote the formulation of effective control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qianming Miao
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ke Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yeqi Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xinyue Bai
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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4
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Wang YN, Wang Q, Li Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Sun Y, Wang B, Bian R, Li W, Zhan M. Impact of incineration slag co-disposed with municipal solid waste on methane production and methanogens ecology in landfills. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128978. [PMID: 36990329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Co-landfill of incineration slag and municipal solid waste (MSW) is a main method for disposal of slag, and it has the potential of promoting methane (CH4) production and accelerating landfill stabilization. Four simulated MSW landfill columns loaded with different amount of slag (A, 0%; B, 5%; C, 10%; D, 20%) were established, and the CH4 production characteristics and methanogenic mechanisms were investigated. The maximum CH4 concentration in columns A, B, C and D was 10.8%, 23.3%, 36.3% and 34.3%, respectively. Leachate pH and refuse pH were positively correlated with CH4 concentration. Methanosarcina was the dominant genus with abundance of 35.1%∼75.2% and it was positively correlated with CH4 concentration. CO2-reducing and acetoclastic methanogenesis were the main types of methanogenesis pathway, and the methanogenesis functional abundance increased with slag proportion during stable methanogenesis process. This research can help understanding the impact of slag on CH4 production characteristics and microbiological mechanisms in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingzhao Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China.
| | - Ying Gao
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Bingpeng Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Meili Zhan
- Qingdao Solid Waste Disposal Co LTD, China
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5
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Zhao R, Chen J, Liu J, Li M, Yang H. Anti-scaling performances of different aged landfill leachates on PPR and ABS pipe materials. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:366-380. [PMID: 36706287 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate, because of its complex components, may cause pipe clogging during its collection and transportation, and pose a threat to the environment. This study considers two typical drainage pipe materials, i.e., polypropylene-random (PPR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), to discriminate their anti-scaling performances through a landfill leachate immersion experiment. The results show that both PPR and ABS pipe materials immersed in the younger-aged leachate are prone to scaling. The mass concentrations of Ca2+ in the leachate play a key role in scale formation, followed by Mg2+, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), and Cl-. In particular, Ca2+, pH, and DO show a positive relationship in scaling, while Mg2+ acts in a negative relationship. Calcium carbonate is the major constituent of the scales, accounting for 72.3% of the total. The scaling on the surface of the PPR pipe material is more serious than that of the ABS pipe material, revealed by the corresponding weight increment that is 33% higher than that related to ABS during the experimental period. It is thus indicated that ABS has better anti-scaling performance, which may be an optional material selected for the system design of leachate collection and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China E-mail:
| | - Jingfang Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China E-mail:
| | - Jie Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China E-mail:
| | - Min Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China E-mail: ; Laboratory of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, China Railway Academy Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China E-mail:
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6
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Wang Q, Miao Q, Wang X, Wang T, Xu Q. Role of surface physicochemical properties of pipe materials on bio-clogging in leachate collection systems from a thermodynamic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158263. [PMID: 36030876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bio-clogging in pipes poses a significant threat to the operation of leachate collection systems. Bio-clogging formation is influenced by the pipe materials. However, the relationship between bio-clogging and the physicochemical properties of different pipe materials has not been clarified yet, especially from a thermodynamic aspect. In this study, the dynamic bio-clogging processes in pipes of different materials (high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE)) were compared, and their correlation with the physicochemical properties was investigated. Results showed that the bio-clogging in HDPE and PVC pipes was more severe than that in PP and PE pipes. In bio-clogging development, the predominant factor changed from the surface roughness to the electron donator parameter (γ-). In the initial phase, the most severe bio-clogging was observed in the HDPE pipe, which exhibited the highest roughness (432 ± 76 nm). In the later phase, the highest γ- (2.2 mJ/m2) and protein content (2623.1 ± 33.2 μg/cm2) were observed in the PVC simultaneously. Moreover, the interaction energy indicated that the bacteria could irreversibly and reversibly adhere to the HDPE, whereas irreversible adhesion was observed in the PVC, PP, and PE cases. The findings clarify the thermodynamic mechanism underlying bio-clogging behaviors and provide novel insights into the bio-clogging behaviors in pipes of different materials, which can facilitate the development of effective bio-clogging control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qianming Miao
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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7
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Wang YN, Shi H, Wang Q, Wang H, Sun Y, Li W, Bian R. Insights into the landfill leachate properties and bacterial structure succession resulting from the colandfilling of municipal solid waste and incineration bottom ash. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127720. [PMID: 35914673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Four simulated bioreactors were loaded with only MSW, 5 % BA + MSW, 10 % BA + MSW and 20 % BA + MSW to investigate the leachate property and bacterial community change trends during the colandfilling process. The results showed that with increasing BA addition proportion (5 %∼20 %), the leachate oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) was lower, the leachate pH quickly entered the neutral stage, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), NH4+-N, Ca2+ and SO42- presented faster downward trends. The leachate SUVA254 and E300/400 confirmed that BA can accelerate the leachate humification process. BA can quickly increase bacterial diversity, and the higher the addition proportion of BA, the more significant the change in microbial community structure during the landfilling process. The leachate pH and COD greatly influenced the bacterial community structure. A low BA proportion can increase metabolism pathway abundance during the initial stage, but a high BA proportion had an inhibitory effect on the metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Shi
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingzhao Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao, China
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8
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Bandala ER, Liu A, Wijesiri B, Zeidman AB, Goonetilleke A. Emerging materials and technologies for landfill leachate treatment: A critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118133. [PMID: 34534829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sanitary landfill is the most popular way to dispose solid wastes with one major drawback: the generation of landfill leachate resulting from percolation of rainfall through exposed landfill areas or infiltration of groundwater into the landfill. The landfill leachate impacts on the environment has forced authorities to stipulate more stringent requirements for pollution control, generating the need for innovative technologies to eliminate waste degradation by-products incorporated in the leachate. Natural attenuation has no effect while conventional treatment processes are not capable of removing some the pollutants contained in the leachate which are reported to reach the natural environment, the aquatic food web, and the anthroposphere. This review critically evaluates the state-of-the-art engineered materials and technologies for the treatment of landfill leachate with the potential for real-scale application. The study outcomes confirmed that only a limited number of studies are available for providing new information about novel materials or technologies suitable for application in the removal of pollutants from landfill leachate. This paper focuses on the type of pollutants being removed, the process conditions and the outcomes reported in the literature. The emerging trends are also highlighted as well as the identification of current knowledge gaps and future research directions along with recommendations related to the application of available technologies for landfill leachate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick R Bandala
- Division of Hydrologic Sciences. Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - An Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, China
| | - Buddhi Wijesiri
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Ahdee B Zeidman
- Division of Hydrologic Sciences. Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, USA; School of Science, Program of Water Resource Management, UNLV, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
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9
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Wang Q, Ko JH, Liu F, Xu Q. Leaching characteristics of heavy metals in MSW and bottom ash co-disposal landfills. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126042. [PMID: 34492889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bottom ash (BA) management is often implemented through its co-disposal with municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills. However, BA co-disposal may lead to heavy metal leaching in landfills. In this study, the effect of BA co-disposal on heavy metal leaching behavior under different scenarios, specifically, MSW, low BA co-disposal (BA_L), high BA co-disposal (BA_H), and BA monofill were investigated. The heavy metal concentrations in the leachate decreased in landfills over time. The leached metals primarily included Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr, and Cd. The discharge concentration ratio of heavy metals in the leachates exhibited the following decreasing order: MSW, BA_L, BA_H, and BA. In particular, the discharge concentration ratio of Cu in the MSW, BA_L, BA_H, and BA cases ranged from 7.1 × 10-3 to 8.8 × 10-1 (mean = 3.0 ×10-1), 2.8 × 10-4 to 2.0 × 10-1 (mean = 5.4 ×10-2), 9.1 × 10-5 to 3.0 × 10-2 (mean = 5.9 ×10-3), and 4.4 × 10-4 to 7.9 × 10-3 (mean = 1.8 ×10-3), respectively. Moreover, the leaching of the heavy metals could be attributed to waste contents, properties of the heavy metals, and leachate characteristics, such as the pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), alkalinity, and Cl- content. The presented findings can help clarify the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in BA co-disposal landfills, thereby facilitating the optimization of practical landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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10
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Wang Q, Ko JH, Wu H, Liu F, Xu Q. Impact of bottom ash co-disposed with municipal solid waste on geotextile clogging in landfills. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145744. [PMID: 33609839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-disposal of bottom ash (BA) with municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills is commonly used for BA management. However, BA co-disposal may cause clogging of geotextiles in MSW landfills. This study investigated the effect of different BA co-disposal ratios on geotextile clogging, including MSW, low ash co-disposed (BA_L), high ash co-disposed (BA_H) landfills, and BA mono-fill. Results showed that the BA_L group increased the geotextile clogging by 0.1-0.6 times, compared to that in the MSW landfill. In contrast, the geotextile clogging of the BA_H and BA groups was reduced than that in the MSW landfill. The clogging was in a dynamic process during the experimental period in all the conditions, including chemical clogging and bio-clogging. Moreover, bio-clogging was the main contributor to the geotextile clogging, accounting for 64-83% of the total clogging mass. The BA co-disposal affected the leachate characteristics, such as pH, calcium concentration, and alkalinity, resulting in chemical clogging. When pH was above 7.0, calcium concentration and alkalinity were limiting factors for the calcium carbonate formation. In terms of the bio-clogging, the microbial analysis indicated that different BA co-disposal ratios influenced the diversity and structure of microbial community. These findings could help clarify the effect of BA co-disposal on geotextile clogging, thus useful to landfill operation in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Huanan Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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11
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Wang Q, Zhang T, Wu G, Xu Q. Deciphering acyl-homoserine lactones-mediated quorum sensing on geotextile bio-clogging in municipal solid waste and bottom ash co-disposal landfills. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 124:136-143. [PMID: 33621757 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bottom ash co-disposed in landfills accelerates geotextile clogging and decreases landfill stability. As the main contributor to clogging, bio-clogging may be associated with quorum sensing (QS) in microbial communities. This study investigated the potential roles of acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated QS in geotextile bio-clogging under different landfill conditions, including municipal solid waste landfill and bottom ash co-disposal landfill. The unit area of geotextile bio-clogging mass in the municipal solid waste landfill (MSW_G) ranged from 5.2 × 10-3 to 8.2 × 10-3 g/cm2, while it was in the range of 8.4 × 10-3 to 1.2 × 10-2 g/cm2 in the bottom ash co-disposal landfill (BA_G). Two types of AHLs were detected and the total AHLs content in the MSW_G (1,616.9 ± 103.8 ng/g VSS) was half of that in the BA_G (3,233.0 ± 646.8 ng/g VSS). High contents of the AHLs could increase bio-clogging. The bio-clogging was also attributed to QS genes and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPS aggregation was stimulated due to the higher Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the BA_G. These results suggested that the co-disposal of bottom ash could increase the AHLs content, resulting in accelerated bio-clogging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Wang Q, Ko JH, Liu F, Xiong W, Wang X, Xu Q. Bio-clogging mitigation in the leachate collection system of municipal solid waste landfill using graphene oxide-coated geotextiles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128779. [PMID: 33172671 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was coated in geotextiles (GO-GT) to evaluate its potential for bio-clogging mitigation in the leachate collection system (LCS) of a landfill. Results showed that GO coating enhanced the surface hydrophilicity of geotextile. Bacterial experiments revealed that dead cells in the bio-clogging increased to 68.7% with GO-GT, compared to that in the GT (44.0%). After 136 days of operation, the GO-GT reduced the bio-clogging by decreasing the total amount of bacteria and the percentage of living bacteria. The total amount of extracellular polymeric substances in the GO-GT and GT was 22.8 ± 4.4 and 52.8 ± 4.8 mg/g of volatile suspended solids, respectively. Microbial analysis showed that Limnochordia and Symbiobacteriia were the most sensitive groups, with a decreased percentage in the GO-GT. Electrostatic repulsion and surface wrinkling were attributed to the attenuation effect on the GO-GT. These results imply the potential application of GO-coated geotextile for reducing bio-clogging in landfill LCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Shaikh J, Bordoloi S, Leung AK, Yamsani SK, Sekharan S, Rakesh RR. Seepage characteristics of three-layered landfill cover system constituting fly-ash under extreme ponding condition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143683. [PMID: 33279187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A multi-layered final cover system is constructed over the landfill after it reaches its full capacity to minimize water ingress into the underlying hazardous waste. Three layered landfill cover are designed for areas experiencing very humid climatic conditions. Under the effects of climate change, the occurrences of extreme rainfall events become more frequent and this has resulted in catastrophic floods and hence extreme ponding. This study investigates the seepage characteristics of three-layered capillary barrier cover systems under an extreme ponding condition of 1.5 m water head, through detailed laboratory column tests and finite-element seepage analysis. Four 1.2 m-tall columns having different configurations (C1-C4) were studied. Fly ash (FA) was used to amend the surface and barrier layers in columns C2 and C4, in line with the novel concept of "waste protect waste". Spatiotemporal variations of volumetric water content of the four columns were monitored for three years continuously. With FA amendment in the surface layer and an inclusion of a 0.01 m thick geosynthetic clay liner between the drainage and barrier layers, the onset of basal percolation was significantly delayed until 700 days of ponding, compared to 115 days without FA amendment. Capillary flow dominated the gravitational flow and perched water table was formed as waterfront advanced from the drainage to barrier layers. Further seepage analysis considering a realistic humid climate boundary condition showed that all four configurations were successful in preventing basal percolation for 800 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janarul Shaikh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India.
| | - Sanandam Bordoloi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Anthony Kwan Leung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | | | - Sreedeep Sekharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India.
| | - Ravi Ranjan Rakesh
- CE&QAS/Nuclear Recycle Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Li Y, Ma J, Ren Y, Li Y, Yue D. Calcium leaching characteristics in landfill leachate collection systems from bottom ash of municipal solid waste incineration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 280:111729. [PMID: 33261989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium leaching is a critical factor in the clogging of leachate collection systems (LCS), a phenomenon that affects landfill stability and operation. The bottom ash (BA) of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration plants contains large quantities of calcium-based compounds. Landfilling is the main disposal method for BA in China that intensifies the consequences of LCS clogging. The factors influencing BA calcium leaching were investigated using simulated leachate. The results showed that fine BA particles, low pH values, high temperature, and ratios of leachate to BA solids were conducive to calcium leaching. Calcium leaching was found to be higher in actual leachate than in simulated leachate. At pH = 5, the cumulative calcium dissolution ratios (CDRs) were 83.36% and 31.49% after 20 days of leaching in the actual and simulated leachate, respectively; at pH = 6, the values were 50.67% and 12.06%, respectively. The introduction of landfill gas could decrease the calcium dissolution and leaching rates. When the ratio of leachate to BA solid was 20:1 mL/g, the accumulative CDR values were 45.98% (pH = 6) and 5.80% (pH = 8) without landfill gases, and 4.59% (pH = 6) and 0.48% (pH = 8) with landfill gases. These results provide the scientific basis for clogging risk prediction with respect to calcium leaching in the LCS of landfills. BA landfilling in old landfill areas with relatively high leachate pH and low chemical oxygen demand, as well as when leachate mixed with an appropriate amount of landfill gases, could be feasible measures to reduce calcium leaching and further prevent clogging in LCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Yuqing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Dongbei Yue
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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Wang Q, Ko JH, Xu Q. Comparison of bio-clogging characteristics of geotextiles in MSW and bottom ash co-disposal landfills. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:459-466. [PMID: 33127278 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bio-clogging of geotextile is a big challenge for the leachate collection system in landfills. It is important to understand the characteristics of geotextile bio-clogging to develop control technologies. This study investigated the characteristics of geotextile bio-clogging in municipal solid waste landfill (MSW_G) and bottom ash (BA) co-disposal landfill (BA_G). Results showed that the bio-clogging mass of per area in MSW_G and BA_G was 49 ± 5 g/m2 and 57 ± 3 g/m2, respectively. Bio-clogging was dominated by live cells in both MSW_G and BA_G. The confocal laser scanning microscopy images revealed that live cells percentage was 46% in MSW_G, while it increased to 77% in BA_G. In contrast, the percentage of the dead cells was 47% and 9% in MSW_G and BA_G, respectively. The biofilm formed in BA _G was thinner and denser than that in MSW_G. Based on the microbial analysis, the biofilms of BA_G had a higher genetic amount and diversity than these of MSW_G. The total amount of extracellular polymeric substances in BA_G was 45.29 ± 4.52 mg/g volatile suspended solids, which was 1.5 times of that in MSW_G. The co-disposal of BA increased the microbial diversity and accelerated bio-clogging due to the high calcium concentration. These findings provide a better understanding of the bio-clogging characteristics, which is helpful to control bio-clogging in co-disposal landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiyong Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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Liu Y, Liu J. The BioChemical Clogging of Landfill Leachate Collection System: Based on Laboratory Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2299. [PMID: 32235374 PMCID: PMC7177767 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leachate collection system (LCS) clogging is a common operational problem in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in China, which can result in high leachate levels that threaten the safety of landfill operations and subsequently increase the leachate leakage risk. In our previous research, a filtration test was conducted and the physical clogging effect was evaluated. To fully analyze the LCS failure, in this study, a set of column experiments were carried out to investigate the biochemical clogging development and mechanisms. Results showed that the biofilm and deposited CaCO3 composed the primary clogging materials. During the experimental period, the hydraulic conductivities in simulated gravel and nonwoven geotextile drainage layers were observed (91.7% and five orders of magnitude reduction), and decreased to 10-4 and 10-8 m s-1, respectively. Therefore, the significance of the geotextile layer in LCS designing needs to be reconsidered. The biochemical clogging was positively correlated with volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and Ca2+ loading and the Ca2+ played the dominant role. Meanwhile, an improved method for analyzing biochemical clogging development was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Liu
- School of Automobile, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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