1
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Kim C, Kalčíková G, Jung J. Role of benzophenone-3 additive in the effect of polyethylene microplastics on Daphnia magna population dynamics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 270:106901. [PMID: 38493548 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The adverse effects of microplastics (MPs) on Daphnia magna have been extensively studied; however, their population-level effects are relatively unknown. This study investigated the effect of polyethylene MP fragments (33.90 ± 17.44 μm) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3), which is a widely used plastic additive (2.91 ± 0.02% w/w), on D. magna population dynamics in a 34-day microcosm experiment. In the growth phase, neither MP nor MP/BP-3 fragments changed the population size of D. magna compared with the control. However, MP/BP-3 fragments significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the population biomass compared to that of the control, whereas MP fragments did not induce a significant reduction. The MP/BP-3 group had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) neonate proportion than that in the control and MP groups. MP/BP-3 fragments upregulated usp and downregulated ecrb, ftz-f1, and hr3, altering gene expression in the ecdysone signaling pathway linked to D. magna growth and development. These findings suggested that BP-3 in MP/BP-3 fragments may disrupt neonatal growth, thereby decreasing population biomass. In the decline phase, MP fragments significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the population size and biomass of D. magna compared with the control and MP/BP-3 fragments. This study highlights the importance of plastic additives in the population-level ecotoxicity of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhae Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea
| | - Gabriela Kalčíková
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 113 Večna pot, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea.
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2
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Li M, Gao F, Zhu L, Li J, Xiang J, Xi Y, Xiang X. Geographic origin shapes the adaptive divergences of Rotaria rotatoria (Rotifera, Bdelloidea) to thermal stress: Insights from ecology and transcriptomics. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11307. [PMID: 38665893 PMCID: PMC11043679 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Global warming has raised concerns regarding the potential impact on aquatic biosafety and health. To illuminate the adaptive mechanisms of bdelloid rotifers in response to global warming, the ecological and transcriptomic characteristics of two strains (HX and ZJ) of Rotaria rotatoria were investigated at 25°C and 35°C. Our results showed an obvious genetic divergence between the two geographic populations. Thermal stress significantly reduced the average lifespan of R. rotatoria in both strains, but increased the offspring production in the ZJ strain. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes Hsp70 were significantly upregulated in the HX strain, while GSTo1 and Cu/Zn-SOD were on the contrary. In the ZJ strain, the expression levels of genes Hsp70, CAT2, and GSTo1 were upregulated under thermal stress. Conversely, a significant decrease in the expression level of the Mn-SOD gene was observed in the ZJ strain under thermal stress. Transcriptomic profiling analysis revealed a total of 105 and 5288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the HX and ZJ strains under thermal stress, respectively. The PCA results showed clear differences in gene expression pattern between HX and ZJ strains under thermal stress. Interestingly, compared to the HX strain, numerous downregulated DEGs in the ZJ strain were enriched into pathways related to metabolism under thermal stress, suggesting that rotifers from the ZJ strain prioritize resource allocation to reproduction by suppressing costly metabolic processes. This finding is consistent with the life table results. This study provides new insights into the adaptive evolution of aquatic animals in the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Fan Gao
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Jianan Li
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Jinjin Xiang
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Yilong Xi
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
| | - Xianling Xiang
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhuiChina
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3
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Jeong H, Park S, Choi B, Yu CS, Hong JY, Jeong TY, Cho KH. Machine learning-based water quality prediction using octennial in-situ Daphnia magna biological early warning system data. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133196. [PMID: 38141299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Biological early warning system (BEWS) has been globally used for surface water quality monitoring. Despite its extensive use, BEWS has exhibited limitations, including difficulties in biological interpretation and low alarm reproducibility. This study addressed these issues by applying machine learning (ML) models to eight years of in-situ BEWS data for Daphnia magna. Six ML models were adopted to predict contamination alarms from Daphnia behavioral parameters. The light gradient boosting machine model demonstrated the most significant improvement in predicting alarms from Daphnia behaviors. Compared with the traditional BEWS alarm index, the ML model enhanced the precision and recall by 29.50% and 43.41%, respectively. The speed distribution index and swimming speed were significant parameters for predicting water quality warnings. The nonlinear relationships between the monitored Daphnia behaviors and water physicochemical water quality parameters (i.e., flow rate, Chlorophyll-a concentration, water temperature, and conductivity) were identified by ML models for simulating Daphnia behavior based on the water contaminants. These findings suggest that ML models have the potential to establish a robust framework for advancing the predictive capabilities of BEWS, providing a promising avenue for real-time and accurate assessment of water quality. Thereby, it can contribute to more proactive and effective water quality management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heewon Jeong
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- The National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongwook Choi
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Oedae-ro 81, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Seok Yu
- The National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Hong
- The National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Oedae-ro 81, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17035, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Deng Z, Zhang X, Wolinska J, Blair D, Hu W, Yin M. Climate has contributed to population diversification of Daphnia galeata across Eurasia. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:5110-5124. [PMID: 37548328 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Climate is a fundamental abiotic factor that plays a key role in driving the evolution, distribution and population diversification of species. However, there have been few investigations of genomic signatures of adaptation to local climatic conditions in cladocerans. Here, we have provided the first high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly (~143 Mb, scaffold N50 12.6 Mb) of the waterflea, Daphnia galeata, and investigated genomic variation in 22 populations from Central Europe and Eastern China. Our ecological-niche models suggested that the historic distribution of D. galeata in Eurasia was significantly affected by Quaternary climate fluctuations. We detected pronounced genomic and morphometric divergences between European and Chinese D. galeata populations. Such divergences could be partly explained by genomic signatures of thermal adaptation to distinct climate regimes: a set of candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with climate were detected. These SNPs were in genes significantly enriched in the Gene ontology terms "determination of adult lifespan" and "translation repressor activity", and especially, mthl5 and SOD1 involved in the IIS pathway, and EIF4EBP2 involved in the target of the rapamycin signalling pathway. Our study indicates that certain alleles might be associated with particular temperature regimes, playing a functional role in shaping the population structure of D. galeata at a large geographical scale. These results highlight the potential role of molecular variation in the response to climate variation, in the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Justyna Wolinska
- Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Blair
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wei Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingbo Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ács A, Komáromy A, Kovács AW, Fodor I, Somogyvári D, Győri J, Farkas A. Temperature related toxicity features of acute acetamiprid and thiacloprid exposure in Daphnia magna and implications on reproductive performance. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 268:109601. [PMID: 36906245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential for elevated temperature to alter the toxicity of acetamiprid (ACE) and thiacloprid (Thia) in the ecotoxicity model Daphnia magna. The modulation of CYP450 monooxygenases (ECOD), ABC transporter activity (MXR) and incident cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction was screened in premature daphnids following acute (48 h) exposure to sublethal concentrations of ACE and Thia (0.1-, 1.0 μM) at standard 21 °C and elevated 26 °C temperatures. Delayed outcomes of acute exposures were further evaluated based on the reproduction performance of daphnids monitored over 14 days of recovery. Exposures to ACE and Thia at 21o C elicited moderate induction of ECOD activity, pronounced inhibition of MXR activity and severe ROS overproduction in daphnids. In the high thermal regime, treatments resulted in significantly lower induction of ECOD activity and inhibition of MXR activity, suggesting a suppressed metabolism of neonicotinoids and less impaired membrane transport activity in daphnids. Elevated temperature on its own, caused a three-fold rise in ROS levels in control daphnids, while ROS overproduction upon neonicotinoid exposure was less accentuated. Acute exposures to ACE and Thia caused significant decreases also in the reproduction of daphnids, indicating delayed outcomes even at environmentally relevant concentrations. Both the cellular alterations in exposed daphnids and decreases in their reproductive output post exposures evidenced closely similar toxicity patterns and potentials for the two neonicotinoids. While elevated temperature elicited only a shift in baseline cellular alterations evoked by neonicotinoids, it significantly worsened the reproductive performance of daphnids following neonicotinoid exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Ács
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - András Komáromy
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Attila W Kovács
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - István Fodor
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Dávid Somogyvári
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - János Győri
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Anna Farkas
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
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6
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Álvarez‐Codesal S, Faillace CA, Garreau A, Bestion E, Synodinos AD, Montoya JM. Thermal mismatches explain consumer-resource dynamics in response to environmental warming. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10179. [PMID: 37325725 PMCID: PMC10264966 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing temperatures will impact food webs in ways we yet to fully understand. The thermal sensitivities of various physiological and ecological processes differ across organisms and study systems, hindering the generation of accurate predictions. One step towards improving this picture is to acquire a mechanistic understanding of how temperature change impacts trophic interactions before we can scale these insights up to food webs and ecosystems. Here, we implement a mechanistic approach centered on the thermal sensitivity of energetic balances in pairwise consumer-resource interactions, measuring the thermal dependence of energetic gain and loss for two resource and one consumer freshwater species. Quantifying the balance between energy gain and loss, we determined the temperature ranges where the balance decreased for each species in isolation (intraspecific thermal mismatch) and where a mismatch in the balance between consumer and resource species emerged (interspecific thermal mismatch). The latter reveals the temperatures for which consumer and resource energetic balances respond either differently or in the same way, which in turn informs us of the strength of top-down control. We found that warming improved the energetic balance for both resources, but reduces it for the consumer, due to the stronger thermal sensitivity of respiration compared to ingestion. The interspecific thermal mismatch yielded different patterns between the two consumer-resource pairs. In one case, the consumer-resource energetic balance became weaker throughout the temperature gradient, and in the other case it produced a U-shaped response. By also measuring interaction strength for these interaction pairs, we demonstrated the correspondence of interspecific thermal mismatches and interaction strength. Our approach accounts for the energetic traits of both consumer and resource species, which combined produce a good indication of the thermal sensitivity of interaction strength. Thus, this novel approach links thermal ecology with parameters typically explored in food-web studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cara A. Faillace
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology StationCNRSMoulisFrance
- Present address:
Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Elvire Bestion
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology StationCNRSMoulisFrance
| | | | - José M. Montoya
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology StationCNRSMoulisFrance
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7
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Qin S, Xia T, Li G, Gu L, Sun Y, Yang Z. Impact of atrazine on the dynamic response of Daphnia pulex populations to fish predation risk. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1068077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbicide pollution is persistent, which not only has a negative impact on individual organisms, but also may alter population dynamics and stability of interspecific relationships. Cladocerans, an important part of zooplankton, are often simultaneously exposed to environmental pollutants and predation risk in the aquatic environment. To evaluate the combined effects of atrazine and fish predation risk on the population traits of cladocerans, we exposed Daphnia pulex to different concentrations of atrazine (0, 0.05, 0.10, and 1.0 mg L−1) with or without fish (Rhodeus ocellatus) kairomone, recorded the key population traits, and fitted Gaussian model to population dynamics. Results showed that fish kairomone increased the population density at the end of the experiment and resting eggs production, and tended to decrease the total biomass and the average dry weight per individual of D. pulex. Atrazine reduced the total biomass, the average dry weight per individual, and resting eggs production of D. pulex populations. Atrazine also decreased the population density at the end of the experiment of D. pulex in fish kairomone treatment, and attenuated the promoting effect of fish kairomone on resting eggs production and the reduction of the total biomass. The findings highlighted the importance of considering the combined impact of environmental pollutants and predation risks on zooplankton populations.
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8
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Adamczuk M. Environmentally realistic concentrations of ibuprofen influence life histories but not population dynamics of Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157783. [PMID: 35926623 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be found in freshwater ecosystems. Due to its current presence in aquatic ecosystems, this pharmaceutical has aroused concerns about its impact on aquatic biota. As a result, ibuprofen is the one of the most frequently studied pharmaceuticals. However, most of these studies focus on short-term observations of biomarkers and physiological endpoints. This paper presents the outcomes of whole-life-cycle observations and six-month observations of the population dynamics of Daphnia magna reared under the influence of 1 μg/L, 2 μg/L and 4 μg/L of ibuprofen. Individuals reared under the influence of ibuprofen grew slowly, matured later and lived longer. Moreover, they displayed a higher reproduction rate and carried smaller broods but delivered larger neonates. Ibuprofen in concentrations of 1 μg/L and 2 μg/L had the most significant effect on the above traits. The observed impact of ibuprofen at the individual level did not transfer to population size and dynamics. All the populations represented a typical boom and bust cycle with restricted reproduction during the periods of highest population size. This is the first study to explore the linkage between the life histories of aquatic invertebrates and the actual response of their populations to the occurrence of ibuprofen in the environment. The study emphasizes the need to apply the protocol of whole life-cycle observation in tandem with population scrutiny, since such a protocol can reveal the virtual responses of aquatic biota to the presence of chemicals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Adamczuk
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences, B. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262 Lublin, Poland.
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Pottier P, Burke S, Zhang RY, Noble DWA, Schwanz LE, Drobniak SM, Nakagawa S. Developmental plasticity in thermal tolerance: Ontogenetic variation, persistence, and future directions. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2245-2268. [PMID: 36006770 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the factors affecting thermal tolerance is crucial for predicting the impact climate change will have on ectotherms. However, the role developmental plasticity plays in allowing populations to cope with thermal extremes is poorly understood. Here, we meta-analyse how thermal tolerance is initially and persistently impacted by early (embryonic and juvenile) thermal environments by using data from 150 experimental studies on 138 ectothermic species. Thermal tolerance only increased by 0.13°C per 1°C change in developmental temperature and substantial variation in plasticity (~36%) was the result of shared evolutionary history and species ecology. Aquatic ectotherms were more than three times as plastic as terrestrial ectotherms. Notably, embryos expressed weaker but more heterogenous plasticity than older life stages, with numerous responses appearing as non-adaptive. While developmental temperatures did not have persistent effects on thermal tolerance overall, persistent effects were vastly under-studied, and their direction and magnitude varied with ontogeny. Embryonic stages may represent a critical window of vulnerability to changing environments and we urge researchers to consider early life stages when assessing the climate vulnerability of ectotherms. Overall, our synthesis suggests that developmental changes in thermal tolerance rarely reach levels of perfect compensation and may provide limited benefit in changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Pottier
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha Burke
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rose Y Zhang
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Daniel W A Noble
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lisa E Schwanz
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Szymon M Drobniak
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kim SK, Choi JY. Behavioral Avoidance Response of Daphnia to Fungal Infection Caused by Metschnikowia Species in a Temperate Reservoir. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1409. [PMID: 36290312 PMCID: PMC9598222 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Morphological or behavioral defense mechanisms are important evolutionary strategies for the survival of prey. Studies have focused on predation and competition, but infection has been overlooked, despite being a determining factor of distribution and species diversity of prey. We hypothesized that the winter migration of Daphnia pulicaria is a community defense strategy to avoid fungal infection. To test this hypothesis, environmental variables and the Cladocera community, including D. pulicaria, were monitored in three study sections of the Anri Reservoir in the Republic of Korea during September 2010-August 2015. During three winter seasons, the density of infected D. pulicaria increased in all study sections, and they migrated from the central to the littoral area. Most of the infected individuals had dormant eggs in sexually reproducing mothers. However, when the proportion of non-infected individuals was higher than that of infected individuals, winter migration was not observed. Additional microcosm experiments showed that dormant eggs of D. pulicaria obtained from ice crystals in the littoral area had lower hatching and infection rates than those obtained from mothers moving from other zones. Therefore, the migration of D. pulicaria during winter is an active response to avoid intergenerational fungal infection.
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11
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Huang J, Wang Z, Yu B, Sun Y, Gu L, Zhang L, Huang Y, Yang Z. Population changes of Daphnia caused by declined calcium concentration: Evidences from population dynamics and sexual reproduction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113352. [PMID: 35240501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The decline in freshwater calcium has become a new environmental stressor to Daphnia with high calcium demand, however, the population dynamics and sexual reproduction of Daphnia under low calcium stress are still lack of deep understanding. To evaluate the impact of declined calcium on Daphnia from population level, we respectively exposed two clones of Daphnia pulex (CH and SH) to different calcium concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0 mg L-1) for 30 days and recorded the population indicators. Results showed that total biomass, average dry weight per individual, total number of ephippia, total number of resting eggs of Daphnia pulex CH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 75.5%, 34.0%, 83.6%, and 77.6% compared with those at 25 mg L-1 calcium, while SH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 64.6%, 26.1%, 94.5%, and 82.2%, respectively. Importantly, Ca content in dry Daphnia pulex population of CH clone at 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1 calcium decreased by 32.7% and 6.7% compared to those at 25 mg L-1 calcium, and SH clone at 1.0 mg L-1 and 1.5 mg L-1 calcium also decreased by 30.9% and 10.5%, respectively. Furthermore, low calcium significantly decreased the perimeter and surface area of ephippia. Interestingly, observation by scanning electron microscope found that low calcium changed the surface of ephippia. The negative impact of calcium decline on Daphnia population and sexual reproduction will inevitably endanger the persistence of species and genes at meta population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zihang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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12
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Nguyen TD, Itayama T, Ramaraj R, Iwami N, Shimizu K, Dao TS, Pham TL, Maseda H. Chronic ecotoxicology and statistical investigation of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin to Daphnia magna under extendedly long-term exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118095. [PMID: 34537598 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CFX) and ofloxacin (OFX) are two of the most often used fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and their residues are found in large amounts in various aquatic settings. However, the toxicity tests of CFX using eukaryotic organisms such as Daphnia magna are inadequate, and the test result of OFX is currently unknown. Therefore, the chronic toxicity test for D. magna was performed during 42 days under exposure to CFX and OFX concentrations of 50, 500, and 5000 μg L-1. All exposure conditions did not cause mortality for D. magna. CFX exposure at 500 μg L-1 resulted in an earlier oogenesis date and increased brood size in the second birth. The Poisson-based generalized linear mixed-effects model revealed that the reduction of fertility was statistically significant for the CFX and OFX exposures at 5000 μg L-1. On the other hand, the production of dead eggs as offspring degradation was also found significantly as maternal D. magna exposed to antibiotics at 5000 μg L-1. In addition, following long-term exposure to antibiotics, maternal adaptation to antibiotics was established for offspring deterioration and fertility. However, the OFX exposure showed that the fertility-suppressed effects continued for a longer period than the CFX exposure. Although no rational explanation has yet been given for the more substantial effect of OFX on reducing fertility than CFX, molecular cell biology and symbiotic microbial flora derived from previous studies could explain our ecotoxicological results. This study is the first report for the OFX chronic toxicities on D. magna by comparing it to the toxicity of CFX. Our study contributes to guiding the future impact assessment of fluoroquinolone antibiotic pollution on ecosystems, including the need for new statistical methods in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Duc Nguyen
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki-shi, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Itayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki-shi, Japan.
| | - Rameshprabu Ramaraj
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Sansai, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Norio Iwami
- School of Science and Engineering, Meise University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino-shi, Tokyo, 191-8506, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Thanh-Son Dao
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Luu Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam; Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Hideaki Maseda
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan
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Guilhermino L, Martins A, Cunha S, Fernandes JO. Long-term adverse effects of microplastics on Daphnia magna reproduction and population growth rate at increased water temperature and light intensity: Combined effects of stressors and interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147082. [PMID: 33894603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In many ecosystems, the zooplankton community has been pressured simultaneously by microplastic pollution and alterations resulting from global climate changes. The potential influence of light intensity rise (from 10,830 lx to 26,000 lx) and water temperature rise (from 20 °C to 25 °C) on the long term-toxicity of microplastics (MPs) to Daphnia magna were investigated. Three 21-day laboratory bioassays with model MPs (1-5 μm diameter) were carried out at (i) 20 °C/10830 lx, (ii) 20 °C/26000 lx, and (iii) 25 °C/10830 lx. In each bioassay, one control (no MPs) and three MP concentrations (0.04, 0.09, 0.19 mg/L) were tested. In all the bioassays, MPs caused parental and juvenile mortality, and reduced the somatic growth, reproduction and population growth rate. The MP EC50s on living offspring (95% confidence interval within brackets) were 0.146 mg/L (0.142-0.151 mg/L) at 20 °C/10830 lx, 0.102 mg/L (0.099-0.105 mg/L) at 20 °C/26000 lx, and 0.101 mg/L (0.098-0.104 mg/L) at 25 °C/10830 lx. Relatively to the respective control group, 0.19 mg/L of MPs decreased the mean of the population growth rate by 27% at 20 °C/10830 lx, 38% at 20 °C/26000 lx and 59% at 25 °C/10830 lx. Based on the population growth rate and in relation to 20 °C/10830 lx (control, no MPs), the interaction between increased light intensity (26,000 lx) and MPs was synergism (at all the MP concentrations tested). The interaction between water temperature rise (25 °C) and MPs was antagonism at 0.04 mg/L of MPs and synergism at 0.09 and 0.19 mg/L of MPs. In the present scenario of climate changes and global MP pollution such findings raise high concern because zooplankton communities are crucial for aquatic biodiversity conservation, ecosystem functioning and services provided to humans. Further studies on the combined effects of MPs, other common pollutants, and alterations due to climate changes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Guilhermino
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Population Studies, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Team of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Portugal.
| | - Alexandra Martins
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Population Studies, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Team of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Portugal
| | - Sara Cunha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José O Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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