1
|
Xu MD, Dong WJ, Long XZ, Yang XW, Han XY, Cui LY, Tong Q. Impact of wildfire ash on skin and gut microbiomes and survival of Rana dybowskii. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134729. [PMID: 38805811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and human activities escalate the frequency and intensity of wildfires, threatening amphibian habitats and survival; yet, research on these impacts remains limited. Wildfire ash alters water quality, introduces contaminants, and may disrupt microbial communities, impacting gut and skin microbiota; however, the effects on gut and skin microbiota remain unclear. Rana dybowskii were exposed to five concentrations (0 g L-1, 1.25 g L-1, 2.5 g L-1, 5 g L-1, and 10 g L-1) of aqueous extracts of wildfire ashes (AEAs) for 30 days to assess AEAs' metal content, survival, and microbiota diversity via Illumina sequencing. Our results showed that the major elements in ash were Ca > K > Mg > Al > Fe > Na > Mn, while in AEA they were K > Ca > Na > Mg > As > Al > Cu. A significant decrease in amphibian survival rates with increased AEA concentration was shown. The beta diversity analysis revealed distinct shifts in microbiota composition. Notably, bacterial genera associated with potential health risks showed increased abundance in skin microbiota, emphasising the potential for ash exposure to affect amphibian health. Functional prediction analyses revealed significant shifts in metabolic pathways related to health and disease, indicating that wildfire ash exposure may influence amphibian health through changes in microbial functions. This study highlights the urgent need for strategies to mitigate wildfire ash impacts on amphibians, as it significantly alters microbiota and affects their survival and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-da Xu
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Wen-Jing Dong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xin-Zhou Long
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xue-Wen Yang
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Han
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Li-Yong Cui
- Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Qing Tong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China; Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Jiamusi 154002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao H, Shi Y, Wang J, Niu Z, Wei L, Tian H, Yu F, Gao L. The intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiles of Strauchbufo raddei underwent adaptive changes during hibernation. Integr Zool 2024; 19:612-630. [PMID: 37430430 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota help regulate hibernation in vertebrates. However, it needs to be established how hibernation modulates the gut microbiome and intestinal metabolism. In the present study, we used an artificial hibernation model to examine the responses of the gut microbiota of the Strauchbufo raddei to the environmental changes associated with this behavior. Hibernation significantly lowered the diversity of the microbiota and altered the microbial community of the gut. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota were the major bacterial phyla in the intestines of S. raddei. However, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria predominated in the gut of active and hibernating S. raddei, respectively. Certain bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Ralstonia, and Rhodococcus could serve as biomarkers distinguishing hibernating and non-hibernating S. raddei. The gut microbiota was more resistant to environmental stress in hibernating than active S. raddei. Moreover, metabolomics revealed that metabolites implicated in fatty acid biosynthesis were highly upregulated in the intestines of hibernating S. raddei. The metabolites that were enriched during hibernation enabled S. raddei to adapt to the low temperatures and the lack of exogenous food that are characteristic of hibernation. A correlation analysis of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites revealed that the gut microbiota might participate in the metabolic regulation of hibernating S. raddei. The present study clarified the modifications that occur in the intestinal bacteria and their symbiotic relationship with their host during hibernation. These findings are indicative of the adaptive changes in the metabolism of amphibians under different environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongpeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhanyu Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huabing Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu W, Chang L, Zhang M, Chen Q, Sui L, Shen C, Jiang J. Microbial diversity in mountain-dwelling amphibians: The combined effects of host and climatic factors. iScience 2024; 27:109907. [PMID: 38812552 PMCID: PMC11135016 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehending the determinants of host-associated microbiota is pivotal in microbial ecology. Yet, the links between climatic factors and variations in host-associated microbiota necessitate further clarification. Mountain-dwelling amphibians, with limited dispersal abilities, serve as valuable models for addressing these questions. Our study, using 126 amphibian-associated microbial samples (64 gut and 62 skin) and 101 environmental microbial samples (51 soil and 50 water) from the eastern Tibetan Plateau, revealed host factors as primary drivers of the variations in host-associated microbiota. However, climatic factors contributed to additional variations in gut microbial beta-diversity and skin microbial function. Water microbiota were identified as a significant contributor to the amphibian-associated microbiomes, with their climate-driven variations mediating an indirect association between the variations in climatic factors and host-associated microbiota. These findings extend our understanding of the assembly of host-associated microbiota in amphibians, emphasizing the significance of microbiota in evaluating the impact of climate change on animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liming Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lulu Sui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong WJ, Xu MD, Yang XW, Yang XM, Long XZ, Han XY, Cui LY, Tong Q. Rice straw ash and amphibian health: A deep dive into microbiota changes and potential ecological consequences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171651. [PMID: 38490417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Rice straw is burned as a result of agricultural practices and technical limitations, generating significant volumes of ash that might have environmental and ecological consequences; however, the effects on organisms have not been researched. Amphibians depend on their gut and skin microbiomes. Ash exposure may cause inflammation and changes in microbial diversity and function in frogs' skin and gut microbiota due to its chemical composition and physical presence, but the implications remain unclear. Rana dybowskii were exposed to five aqueous extracts of ashes (AEA) concentrations for 30 days to study survival, metal concentrations, and microbial diversity, analyzing the microbiota of the cutaneous and gut microbiota using Illumina sequencing. Dominant elements in ash: K > Ca > Mg > Na > Al > Fe. In AEA, K > Na > Ca > Mg > As > Cu. Increased AEA concentrations significantly reduced frog survival. Skin microbiota alpha diversity varied significantly among all treatment groups, but not gut microbiota. Skin microbiota differed significantly across treatments via Bray-Curtis and weighted UniFrac; gut microbiota was only affected by Bray-Curtis. Skin microbiota varied significantly with AEA levels in Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, while the gut microbiota's dominant phyla, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, remained consistent across all groups. Lastly, the functional prediction showed that the skin microbiota had big differences in how it worked and looked, which were linked to different health and environmental adaptation pathways. The gut microbiota, on the other hand, had smaller differences. In conclusion, AEA exposure affects R. dybowskii survival and skin microbiota diversity, indicating potential health and ecological impacts, with less effect on gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Dong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Ming-da Xu
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xue-Wen Yang
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin-Zhou Long
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Han
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Li-Yong Cui
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Qing Tong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park JK, Do Y. Combined effect of seasons and life history in an anuran strengthens the response and relationship between their physiology and gut microbiota. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10137. [PMID: 38698108 PMCID: PMC11066060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota impact host physiology, though simultaneous investigations in ectothermic vertebrates are rare. Particularly, amphibians may exhibit more complex interactions between host physiology and the effects of gut microbiota due to the combination of seasonal changes and complex life histories. In this study, we assessed the relationships among food resources, gut bacterial communities, and host physiology in frogs (Phelophylax nigromaculatus), taking into account seasonal and life history variations. We found that food sources were not correlated with physiological parameters but had some relationships with the gut bacterial community. Variations in gut bacterial community and host physiology were influenced by the combined effects of seasonal differences and life history, though mostly driven by seasonal differences. An increase in Firmicutes was associated with higher fat content, reflecting potential fat storage in frogs during the non-breeding season. The increase in Bacteroidetes resulted in lower fat content in adult frogs and decreased immunity in juvenile frogs during the breeding season, demonstrating a direct link. Our results suggest that the gut microbiome may act as a link between food conditions and physiological status, and that the combined effect of seasons and life history could reinforce the relationship between gut microbiota and physiological status in ectothermic animals. While food sources may influence the gut microbiota of ectotherms, we contend that temperature-correlated seasonal variation, which predominately influences most ectotherms, is a significant factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kyu Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, (32588) Room 204, 56, Kongjudaehak-Ro, Kongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, (32588) Room 204, 56, Kongjudaehak-Ro, Kongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 32588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee JE, Park JK, Do Y. Gut microbiome diversity and function during hibernation and spring emergence in an aquatic frog. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298245. [PMID: 38363754 PMCID: PMC10871480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota maintains a deeply symbiotic relationship with host physiology, intricately engaging with both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. Anurans, especially those in temperate regions, face the dual challenges of significant external influences like hibernation and complex internal variances tied to different life histories. In our research, we sought to determine whether different life stages (juvenile versus adult) of the Japanese wrinkled frog (Glandirana rugosa) lead to distinct shifts in gut bacterial communities during winter (hibernation) and its subsequent transition to spring. As hypothesized, we observed a more pronounced variability in the gut bacterial diversity and abundance in juvenile frogs compared to their adult counterparts. This suggests that the gut environment may be more resilient or stable in adult frogs during their hibernation period. However, this pronounced difference was confined to the winter season; by spring, the diversity and abundance of gut bacteria in both juvenile and adult frogs aligned closely. Specifically, the variance in gut bacterial diversity and composition between winter and spring appears to mirror the frogs' ecological adaptations. During the hibernation period, a dominance of Proteobacteria suggests an emphasis on supporting intracellular transport and maintaining homeostasis, as opposed to active metabolism in the frogs. Conversely, come spring, an uptick in bacterial diversity coupled with a dominance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes points to an upsurge in metabolic activity post-hibernation, favoring enhanced nutrient assimilation and energy metabolism. Our findings highlight that the relationship between the gut microbiome and its host is dynamic and bidirectional. However, the extent to which changes in gut bacterial diversity and composition contribute to enhancing hibernation physiology in frogs remains an open question, warranting further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chai L, Song Y, Chen A, Jiang L, Deng H. Gut microbiota perturbations during larval stages in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles after Cu exposure with or without the presence of Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122774. [PMID: 37871736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cu and Pb are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, but there is limited information on their potential impacts on gut microbiota profile in anuran amphibians at different developmental stages during metamorphosis. In this study, Bufo gargarizans tadpoles were chronically exposed to Cu alone or Cu combined with Pb from Gs26 throughout metamorphosis. Morphology of tadpoles, histological characteristic and bacterial community of intestines were evaluated at three developmental stages: Gs33, Gs36, and Gs42. Results showed that Cu and Cu + Pb exposure caused various degrees of morphological and histological changes in guts at tested three stages. In addition, bacterial richness and diversity in tadpoles especially at Gs33 and Gs42 were disturbed by Cu and Cu + Pb. Beta diversity demonstrated that the bacterial community structures were influenced by both heavy metals exposure and developmental stages. Alterations in taxonomic composition were characterized by increased abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, reduction of Fusobacteriota, as well as decreased Cetobacterium and increased C39 at all three stages. Overall, response of gut bacterial diversity and composition to Cu stress depends on the developmental stage, while the altered patterns of bacterial community at Cu stress could be modified further by the presence of Pb. Moreover, predicted metabolic disorders were associated with shifts in bacterial community, but needs integrated information from metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses. These results contribute to the growing body of research about potential ecotoxicological effects of heavy metals on amphibian gut microbiota during metamorphosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Yanjiao Song
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Aixia Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang M, Yin J, Dai F, Cao S, Duan R, Huang W, Zhang Y. Influences of continuous and pulse atrazine exposure on intestinal flora and metabolites of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165757. [PMID: 37495155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, has adverse effects on the growth and metabolism of amphibians. Due to the cyclical application use of the pesticide atrazine in agricultural production, atrazine concentrations in water occur in the form of pulses. However, knowledge of the effects of atrazine pulse exposure on the gut microbiota and metabolism of amphibians is limited. In this study, Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 26) were exposed to continuous and pulse atrazine (100 μg/L) for 60 days. The results showed that continuous exposure and pulse exposure had different effects on the diversity of gut microbiota. At the phyla level, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes compared to continuous exposure. At the genus level, continuous and pulse exposure to atrazine significantly altered the relative abundance of Acetobacterium, Microbacterium, Bacteroides, Eulopiscium and Leuconostoc. Compared to continuous exposure, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Microbacterium, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Acetobacterium and Eplopiscium. In terms of metabolism, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of creatine, guanine, and inosine and significantly decreased the relative abundance of 3-hydroxysebacic acid, ganoderic acid F, hypoxanthine, and withaperuvin H compared to continuous exposure. Continuous and pulse exposure to atrazine significantly altered the relative abundance of metabolites of the pymidine metabolism, purine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism and other pathways in the gut of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles. In addition, changes in most metabolites had a significant correlation with changes in gut microorganisms. In conclusion, our study confirmed that pulse exposure to atrazine has a greater effect on the composition of the gut microflora and the metabolism of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles than continuous exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Fugao Dai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Songle Cao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China.
| | - Wentao Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park JK, Park WB, Do Y. Tadpole growth rates and gut bacterial community: Dominance of developmental stages over temperature variations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292521. [PMID: 37796877 PMCID: PMC10553268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tadpoles present an intriguing model system for studying the regulation and selection of gut microbiota. They offer a unique perspective to enhance our understanding of host-microbiota interactions, given their capacity to alter the dynamics of the gut microbial community by interacting with multiple environmental factors within a complex life cycle. In this study, we comprehensively investigated variations in growth rate and gut bacterial community in relation to temperature differences during the complex process of amphibian metamorphosis. Higher temperatures prompted tadpoles to metamorphose more rapidly than at lower temperatures, but the impact on size and weight was minimal. Differences in temperature were not associated with gut bacterial diversity, but they did affect certain aspects of beta diversity and bacterial composition. However, the developmental stage invoked greater heterogeneity than temperature in gut bacterial diversity, composition, and functional groups. These findings suggest that inherent biological systems exert stronger control over an organism's homeostasis and variation than the external environment. Although results may vary based on the magnitude or type of environmental factors, metamorphosis in tadpoles greatly influences their biology, potentially dominating microbial interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kyu Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Bae Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tong Q, Dong WJ, Xu MD, Hu ZF, Guo P, Han XY, Cui LY. Characteristics and a comparison of the gut microbiota in two frog species at the beginning and end of hibernation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1057398. [PMID: 37206336 PMCID: PMC10191234 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1057398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Season has been suggested to contribute to variation in the gut microbiota of animals. The complicated relationships between amphibians and their gut microbiota and how they change throughout the year require more research. Short-term and long-term hypothermic fasting of amphibians may affect gut microbiota differently; however, these changes have not been explored. In this study, the composition and characteristics of the gut microbiota of Rana amurensis and Rana dybowskii during summer, autumn (short-term fasting) and winter (long-term fasting) were studied by high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Both frog species had higher gut microbiota alpha diversity in summer than autumn and winter, but no significant variations between autumn and spring. The summer, autumn, and spring gut microbiotas of both species differed, as did the autumn and winter microbiomes. In summer, autumn and winter, the dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of both species were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. All animals have 10 OTUs (>90% of all 52 frogs). Both species had 23 OTUs (>90% of all 28 frogs) in winter, accounting for 47.49 ± 3.84% and 63.17 ± 3.69% of their relative abundance, respectively. PICRUSt2 analysis showed that the predominant functions of the gut microbiota in these two Rana were focused on carbohydrate metabolism, Global and overview maps, Glycan biosynthesis metabolism, membrane transport, and replication and repair, translation. The BugBase analysis estimated that among the seasons in the R. amurensis group, Facultatively_Anaerobic, Forms_Biofilms, Gram_Negative, Gram_Positive, Potentially_Pathogenic were significantly different. However, there was no difference for R. dybowskii. The research will reveal how the gut microbiota of amphibians adapts to environmental changes during hibernation, aid in the conservation of endangered amphibians, particularly those that hibernate, and advance microbiota research by elucidating the role of microbiota under various physiological states and environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Hejiang Forestry Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi, China
| | - Wen-jing Dong
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ming-da Xu
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Zong-fu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-yun Han
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Li-yong Cui
- Hejiang Forestry Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi Q, Li Y, Deng S, Zhang H, Jiang H, Shen L, Pan T, Hong P, Wu H, Shu Y. The succession of gut microbiota in the concave-eared torrent frog ( Odorrana tormota) throughout developmental history. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10094. [PMID: 37214611 PMCID: PMC10199338 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota of amphibians plays a crucial role in maintaining health and adapting to various developmental stages. The composition of gut microbial community is influenced by the phylogeny, habitat, diet, and developmental stage of the host. The present study analyzed the microbiota in the intestine of O. tormota at 11 developmental stages (from the tadpole at Gosner stage 24 to the 3-year-old adult) using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity index analysis of the microbiota revealed that the index decreased from tadpole at Gosner stage 24 to adult frog stage, remained stable during the adult frog stages, but increased significantly at the early metamorphosis and hibernation preparation stages. The gut microbiota structure is similar in adult frogs but differs significantly in other developmental stages. Furthermore, the dominant phyla of gut microbiota in tadpoles were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, whereas those in adult frogs were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Host and environmental factors jointly affected the gut microbial diversity and community composition of O. tormota, but developmental stage, feeding habit, and habitat type had a more significant influence. The microbial community in the gut varies with the developmental stage of the host and constantly adapts to the survival requirements of the host. These findings advance our understanding of the evolutionary mechanism of amphibian gut microbiota in maintaining health homeostasis and adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingkai Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Yue Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Shuaitao Deng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- Shanghai Wildlife and Protected Natural Areas Research CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Liang Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Tao Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Pei Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Yilin Shu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationSchool of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang L, Yang Z, Yang F, Wang G, Zeng M, Zhang Z, Yang M, Wang Z, Li Z. Gut microbiota of two invasive fishes respond differently to temperature. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1087777. [PMID: 37056740 PMCID: PMC10088563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1087777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature variation structures the composition and diversity of gut microbiomes in ectothermic animals, key regulators of host physiology, with potential benefit to host or lead to converse results (i.e., negative). So, the significance of either effect may largely depend on the length of time exposed to extreme temperatures and how rapidly the gut microbiota can be altered by change in temperature. However, the temporal effects of temperature on gut microbiota have rarely been clarified. To understand this issue, we exposed two juvenile fishes (Cyprinus carpio and Micropterus salmoides), which both ranked among the 100 worst invasive alien species in the world, to increased environmental temperature and sampled of the gut microbiota at multiple time points after exposure so as to determine when differences in these communities become detectable. Further, how temperature affects the composition and function of microbiota was examined by comparing predicted metagenomic profiles of gut microbiota between treatment groups at the final time point of the experiment. The gut microbiota of C. carpio was more plastic than those of M. salmoides. Specifically, communities of C. carpio were greatly altered by increased temperature within 1 week, while communities of M. salmoides exhibit no significant changes. Further, we identified 10 predicted bacterial functional pathways in C. carpio that were temperature-dependent, while none functional pathways in M. salmoides was found to be temperature-dependent. Thus, the gut microbiota of C. carpio was more sensitive to temperature changes and their functional pathways were significantly changed after temperature treatment. These results showed the gut microbiota of the two invasive fishes differ in response to temperature change, which may indicate that they differ in colonization modes. Broadly, we have confirmed that the increased short-term fluctuations in temperatures are always expected to alter the gut microbiota of ectothermic vertebrates when facing global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- Puyang Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem and The Observation and Research Field Station of Taihang Mountain Forest Ecosystems of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Lixia Zhang,
| | - Zi Yang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Gege Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Jigongshan National Nature Reserve, Xinyang, China
| | | | - Mengxiao Yang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhibing Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chai L, Wang H, Li X, Wang H. Comparison of the characteristics of gut microbiota response to lead in Bufo gargarizans tadpole at different developmental stages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20907-20922. [PMID: 36261638 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In amphibians, lead (Pb) exposure could alter the composition and structure of gut microbiota, but changes involving microbiota of several successive phases following Pb exposure have been less studied. In the present study, we compared the effects of Pb exposure on morphological parameters and gut microbiota of Bufo gargarizans at Gosner stage (Gs) 33, Gs36, and Gs42. Our results showed that total length (TL), snout-vent length (SVL), and body wet weight (TW) of B. gargarizans at Gs33, as well as TL and SVL at Gs42, were significantly increased after Pb exposure. In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that gut microbiota has distinct responses to Pb exposure at different developmental stages. The diversity of gut microbiota was significantly reduced under Pb exposure at Gs33, while it was significantly increased at Gs42. In terms of community composition, Spirochaetota, Armatimonadota, and Patescibacteria appeared in the control groups at Gs42, but not after Pb treatment. Furthermore, functional prediction indicated that the relative abundance of metabolism pathway was significantly decreased at Gs33 and Gs36, and significantly increased at Gs42. Our results fill an important knowledge gap and provide comparative information on the gut microbiota of tadpoles at different developmental stages following Pb exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Hemei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cuzziol Boccioni AP, García-Effron G, Peltzer PM, Lajmanovich RC. Effect of glyphosate and ciprofloxacin exposure on enteric bacteria of tadpoles. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023:S0325-7541(22)00107-9. [PMID: 36682905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The high load of agrochemicals and antibiotics present in agricultural aquatic environments represents a risk for wildlife. Since enteric bacteria, which play a key role in the physiological functioning of their hosts, are sensitive to a wide variety of pollutants, their study allows to evaluate the health of organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of commercial formulations of a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), individually and in mixture, on the bacterial diversity of the intestinal content of common toad (Rhinella arenarum) tadpoles. The diversity of cultivable fast-growing bacteria with low nutritional requirements was evaluated using classic microbiological tests and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry identification. Bacterial diversity varied among treatments. Taxa diversity increased in the GBH-treated group but decreased in the CIP-treated group. Remarkably, Yersinia spp. and Proteus spp. were only found in the GBH-treated group. The prevalence of Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. decreased in the intestinal microbiota of the GBH-CIP-treated group. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the alteration of cultivable enteric bacteria of autochthonous tadpoles due to two pollutants of emerging concern. Our results demonstrate that R. arenarum tadpoles can be used as non-conventional model organisms for environmental pollution monitoring. Our preliminary findings would contribute to understanding how the presence of GBH and CIP in freshwaters may represent a threat to wildlife and human health by causing enteric dysbiosis of part of the bacterial community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Cuzziol Boccioni
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo García-Effron
- Laboratorio de Micología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Cátedra de Parasitología y Micología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paola M Peltzer
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rafael C Lajmanovich
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tong Q, Dong WJ, Long XZ, Hu ZF, Luo ZW, Guo P, Cui LY. Effects of fine-scale habitat quality on activity, dormancy, habitat use, and survival after reproduction in Rana dybowskii (Chordata, Amphibia). BMC ZOOL 2023; 8:1. [PMID: 37170169 PMCID: PMC10127375 DOI: 10.1186/s40850-022-00163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAmphibians are facing population declines and extinctions, and protecting and supplementing refuges can help species survive. However, the microhabitat requirements of most species are unknown, and artificial shelters or burrows have not been well tested for amphibians. Some amphibians exhibit complex behaviour during the transition from post-reproductive dormancy to activity. However, little is known about the ecology, post-reproductive dormancy, and terrestrial activity of amphibians. Here, habitat site selection in experimental enclosures and the effects of shelters (stones, soil) and shade (with and without shade netting) on the activity, exposed body percentage, burrow depth, body-soil contact percentage, and survival of Rana dybowskii were investigated during post-reproductive dormancy and post-dormant activity. The results showed that R. dybowskii live individually under leaves, soil, stones or tree roots. Furthermore, although the dormant sites of frogs are significantly different, the distribution of male and female frogs in these sites is similar. Shading and shelter significantly affected the exposed body percentage, burrow depth and body-soil contact percentage of frogs compared with soil. In the stone group, soil and stone form the frog's refuge/burrow, whereas in the soil group, the refuge/burrow is composed entirely of soil. Even though the soil group has a deeper burrow and a larger area of soil contact with the body, it still has a higher exposure rate than the stone group. Frog activity frequency was affected by shelter and shade; the interaction of shelter and time and the interaction of shading and time were significant. The soil group had a higher activity frequency than the stone group, and the no-shade group had a higher activity frequency than the shade group. Shelter and shading differences do not significantly affect frog survival; however, the death rate during post-reproductive dormancy is lower than that during the active period.
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng J, Zhu W, Jiang J, Zhao C, Sun Z, Jiang W, Luo Q, Zhao T. Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1062604. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1062604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms play as fundamental contributors to maintain hosts’ fitness, which can be shaped by external environment. Moreover, symbiotic microbiome also varied within species (e.g., between sexes and developmental stages). However, we still need more studies to quantify whether the intraspecific variation patterns of symbiotic microbes can be modified with the change of environment. The Chinese giant salamander (CGS; Andrias davidianus) is a Critically Endangered species. Despite quantitative captive bred individuals were released to rebuild wild populations, the effectiveness is limited. More importantly, no studies have revealed the adaptation of released CGSs to the complex field conditions. In the present study, we explored whether reintroduction can reshape the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbiota in captive bred CGSs using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the16S rRNA gene. We found no significant difference of symbiotic microbiome in captive bred males and females, but released males and females differed significantly in skin microbiome. Juveniles had higher diversity of microbial symbiont than adults in hatchery, but lower diversity in field. Moreover, dominant bacterial taxa differed between juveniles and adults in both hatchery and field. Importantly, this symbiotic microbiome variations within species can be modified (alpha and beta diversity, and community composition) when captive bred individuals were released to the field. Overall, we observed a lower alpha diversity and higher relative abundance of Chryseobacterium, Plesiomonas, and Acinetobacter in the bacterial community of captive bred individuals. Instead, higher alpha diversity of symbiotic microbiota and higher relative abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus was detected in released individuals. These modifications may associate with the change of living environment, as well as the specific behavior within CGSs (e.g., movement patterns and foraging activities). Future studies can incorporate other approaches (e.g., blood physiology) to better evaluate the growth and health of reintroduced CGSs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hou J, Long J, Xiang J, Pan W, Li D, Liu X. Ontogenetic characteristics of the intestinal microbiota of
Quasipaa spinosa
revealed by
16S rRNA
gene sequencing. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:1182-1192. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Jiahang Long
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute Changsha Hunan China
| | - Jianguo Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan China
| | | | - Deliang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang JK, He Y, Chen LL, Zhang HX, Qi XJ, Sun L, Zhang SF, Chen J, Zhang RH. A population-based survey of the prevalence of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in Zhejiang Province, China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268717. [PMID: 35584149 PMCID: PMC9116671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) is a prevalent public health concern worldwide. This study investigated the magnitude, distribution and burden of self-reported AGI among residents of Zhejiang Province, China. A face-to-face household survey was conducted using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in 10 counties in Zhejiang Province between July 2018 and June 2019. In total, 12,021 participants were recruited. The prevalence of AGI 28 days after standardization was 1.8% (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6–2.1), with an incidence rate of 0.24 episodes of AGI per person-year and an estimated 14 million cases of AGI in Zhejiang Province. Univariate and multivariable analyses showed a higher AGI prevalence among people who performed housework and were unemployed in summer and autumn among respondents living in western or northern cities (p < 0.05). More than 50% of AGI cases were attributed to the consumption of contaminated food. The disease burden caused by AGI in Zhejiang Province was approximately 975 million Chinses yuan (CNY). These results indicated that the disease burden of AGI in Zhejiang Province should be addressed and highlights the need for an improved active surveillance system of foodborne diseases to assess the impact of AGI on society and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - He-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Hua Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Exploring the gut microbiota composition of Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita), under diverse culture conditions. Genomics 2022; 114:110354. [PMID: 35364266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota of freshwater carps are often investigated for their roles in nutrient absorption, enzyme activities and probiotic properties. However, little is known about core microbiota, assembly pattern and the environmental influence on the gut microbiota of the Indian major carp, rohu. The gut microbial composition of rohu reared in different culture conditions was analysed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. There was variation on gut microbial diversity and composition. A significant negative correlation between dissolved oxygen content (DO) and alpha diversity was observed, thus signifying DO content as one of the key environmental factors that regulated the diversity of rohu gut microbial community. A significant positive correlation was observed between phosphate concentration and abundance of Actinobacteria in different culture conditions. Two phyla, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria along with OTU750868 (Streptomyces) showed significant (p < 0.05) differences in their abundance among all culture conditions. The Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination (NMDS) analysis using Bray-Curtis distances, showed the presence of unique gut microbiota in rohu compared to other herbivorous fish. Based on niche breadth, 3 OTUs were identified as core generalists, persistent across all the culture conditions whereas the specialists dominated in the rohu gut microbiota assembly. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed positive interaction within core members while mutual exclusion between core and non-core members. Predicted microbiota function revealed that different culture conditions affected the metabolic capacity of gut microbiota of rohu. The results overall indicated the significant effect of different rearing environments on gut microbiota structure, assembly and inferred community function of rohu which might be useful for effective manipulation of gut microbial communities of rohu to promote better health and growth under different husbandry settings.
Collapse
|
20
|
Comparative analysis of gut microbial composition and potential functions in captive forest and alpine musk deer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1325-1339. [PMID: 35037997 PMCID: PMC8816758 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota forms a unique microecosystem and performs various irreplaceable metabolic functions for ruminants. The gut microbiota is important for host health and provides new insight into endangered species conservation. Forest musk deer (FMD) and alpine musk deer (AMD) are typical small ruminants, globally endangered due to excessive hunting and habitat loss. Although nearly 60 years of captive musk deer breeding has reduced the hunting pressure in the wild, fatal gastrointestinal diseases restrict the growth of captive populations. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed the differences in gut microbiota between FMD and AMD based on 166 fecal samples. The alpha diversity was higher in FMD than in AMD, probably helping FMD adapt to different and wider habitats. The ß-diversity was higher between adult FMD and AMD than juveniles and in winter than late spring. The phylum Firmicutes and the genera Christensenellaceae R7 group, Ruminococcus, Prevotellaceae UCG-004, and Monoglobus were significantly higher in abundance in FMD than in AMD. However, the phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Bacteroides, UCG-005, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, and Alistipes were significantly higher in AMD than FMD. The expression of metabolic functions was higher in AMD than in FMD, a beneficial pattern for AMD to maintain higher energy and substance metabolism. Captive AMD may be at higher risk of intestinal diseases than FMD, with higher relative abundances of most opportunistic pathogens and the expression of disease-related functions. These results provide valuable data for breeding healthy captive musk deer and assessing their adaptability in the wild. KEY POINTS: • Alpha diversity of gut microbiota was higher in FMD than that in AMD • Expression of metabolic and disease-related functions was higher in AMD than in FMD.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tong Q, Cui LY, Bie J, Han XY, Hu ZF, Wang HB, Zhang JT. Changes in the gut microbiota diversity of brown frogs (Rana dybowskii) after an antibiotic bath. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:333. [PMID: 34674716 PMCID: PMC8529755 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Captive amphibians frequently receive antibiotic baths to control bacterial diseases. The potential collateral effect of these antibiotics on the microbiota of frogs is largely unknown. To date, studies have mainly relied on oral administration to examine the effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota; in contrast, little is known regarding the effects of bath-applied antibiotics on the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota compositions of the gentamicin, recovery, and control groups were compared by Illumina high-throughput sequencing, and the functional profiles were analysed using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Furthermore, the relationship between the structure and predicted functional composition of the gut microbiota was determined. Results The alpha diversity indices were significantly reduced by the gentamicin bath, illustrating that this treatment significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota. After 7 days, the gut microbiota of the recovery group was not significantly different from that of the gentamicin group. Forty-four indicator taxa were selected at the genus level, comprising 42 indicators representing the control group and 2 indicators representing the gentamicin and recovery groups. Potential pathogenic bacteria of the genera Aeromonas, Citrobacter, and Chryseobacterium were significantly depleted after the gentamicin bath. There was no significant positive association between the community composition and functional composition of the gut microbiota in the gentamicin or control frogs, indicating that the functional redundancy of the gut bacterial community was high. Conclusions Gentamicin significantly changed the structure of the gut microbiota of R. dybowskii, and the gut microbiota exhibited weak resilience. However, the gentamicin bath did not change the functional composition of the gut microbiota of R. dybowskii, and there was no significant correlation between the structural composition and the functional composition of the gut microbiota. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-03044-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Jiamusi, 154002, China.,College of Life Science, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Li-Yong Cui
- Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Jiamusi, 154002, China
| | - Jia Bie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Han
- College of Life Science, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Zong-Fu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hong-Bin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian-Tao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seasonal Variation in Gut Microbiota Related to Diet in Fejervarya limnocharis. ANIMALS : AN OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL FROM MDPI 2021; 11:ani11051393. [PMID: 34068415 PMCID: PMC8153623 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organisms adapt to environmental fluctuations by varying their morphology and structural, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. Gut microbiome, varying rapidly in response to environmental shifts, has been proposed as a strategy for adapting to the fluctuating environment (e.g., new dietary niches). Here, we explored the adaptive mechanism of frog intestinal microbes in response to environmental changes. We collected 170 Fejervarya limnocharis during different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and pre-hibernation) to study the compositional and functional divergence of gut microbiota and analysed the effects of seasonal feeding habits and body condition on intestinal microorganisms using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, Tax4Fun function prediction analysis, and bioinformatics analysis. The results showed no significant dietary difference in various seasons and between males and females. However, a significantly positive correlation was detected between dietary diversity and food niche width. Host condition (body size, body mass, and body condition) also revealed seasonal changes. The frogs were colonised by 71 bacterial phyla and dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Stenotrophomonas was the most abundant genus in the Proteobacteria. The composition, diversity, and function of intestinal microorganisms in different seasons were significantly different. Significant differences were observed in composition and function but not in the microbial diversity between sexes. Furthermore, seasonal foods and body mass were significantly correlated with gut microbial composition. Our results suggest that gut microbiomes of F. limnocharis vary seasonally in response to diet under fluctuating environments.
Collapse
|