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Li X, Sun Y, Li W, Nie Y, Wang F, Bian R, Wang H, Wang YN, Gong Z, Lu J, Gao W, Lu C. Solidification/stabilization pre-treatment coupled with landfill disposal of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash in China: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135479. [PMID: 39141943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The growth in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) has resulted in a substantial rise in the production of fly ash in China. It is anticipated that during the "14th Five-Year Plan", the accumulated amount of fly ash stocked and disposed of at landfills will surpass 100 million tons. With the development of the economy and the implementation of garbage classification relevant policies, the pollution characteristics of heavy metal change in spatiotemporal distribution. Solidification/stabilization (S/S) pre-treatment coupled with landfill disposal is the mainstream method for fly ash. This study provides a systematic overview and comparison of the current application status and research on the mechanism of S/S technology, and the long-term stability of solidified/stabilized fly ash is a crucial factor in controlling the risks of landfills. Subsequently, it examines the influencing factors and mechanisms associated with heavy metals leaching under different environmental scenarios (meteorological factors, leachate and acid rain erosion, and carbonation, etc.), and concludes that single stabilization technology is difficult to meet long-term landfill requirements. Finally, the limits of heavy metal leaching toxicity evaluation methods and landfilled fly ash supervision were discussed, and relevant suggestions for future development were proposed. This study can provide theoretical instruction and technical support for the risk control of potential environmental risks of heavy metals in solidified/stabilized fly ash from landfills in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Weihua Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Yanqi Nie
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Fuhao Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266300, China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Zhaoguo Gong
- Qingdao Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266300, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Qingdao SUS Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266113, China
| | - Weijie Gao
- Qingdao Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266300, China
| | - Chenggang Lu
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
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Yao G, Xu R, Liang Z, Li P, Xu Y, Liu Y, Qian C, Huang Q. Evolution of physicochemical and leaching characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in China under ultra-low emission standard. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 364:121432. [PMID: 38878573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The physical and chemical characteristics of fly ash has changed significantly under ultra-low emission system and the current leaching system is no longer suitable for high alkalinity fly ash. This work investigated the pH values and evolution of physical and chemical characteristics of fly ash from 24 typical municipal solid waste incineration plants in China. The pH value of the leaching solution obtained by HJ/T 300-2007 presented two different acid and alkali characteristics, where high and low alkalinity fly ash accounted for 54.17% and 45.83%, respectively. The alkali content in fly ash increased significantly after ultra-low emission standard, increasing by 18.24% compared with before the implementation of GB 18485-2014. The leaching behavior of high alkalinity fly ash showed the illusion that they could enter the landfill only by the addition of a small amount of chelating agent or even without stabilization treatment, and its long-term landfill risk is significant. The phase change of high alkalinity fly ash and pH value change of the leaching solution after carbonation were the key factors for the leaching concentration change of heavy metals. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the existing leaching system or conduct accelerated carbonization experiments to scientifically evaluate the long-term leaching characteristics of high alkalinity fly ash, and to reduce the risk of heavy metal release from high alkalinity FA after entering the landfill site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Rongbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Zhu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ping Li
- Tianjin Yiming Environmental Technology Co. Ltd, Tianjing, 300392, China
| | - Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Can Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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3
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Li B, Guo X, Zhang X, Leng S, Ma N, Wu X. A new strategy to stabilize the heavy metals in carbonized MSWI-fly ash using an acid-resistant oligomeric dithiocarbamate chelator. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133686. [PMID: 38359762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA) derived from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) requires safe handling before landfilling due to its extremely high salt content and the risk of leaching heavy metals (HMs) under acidic conditions. Herein, aimed at improving the acid stability of dithiocarbamates, a cost-effective oligomeric dithiocarbamate (ODTC) was developed to stabilize HMs from carbonated MSWI-FA. Spiking of 3.6 wt% ODTC reduced the HM leaching below landfill standards in China, even across the pH range of 2.0-13.0 or 8-week exposure to the natural environment. Stabilization decreased the acid-soluble/exchangeable fractions of Cd, Pb, and Zn from 22.2%, 4.49%, and 21.9% to 0.14%, 0.11%, and 12.2%, respectively, resulting in safe levels for Pb and Cd with risk assessments. Compared to DDTC and SDD, ODTC exhibited higher stability under acidic conditions after chelation with the HMs, minimized the risk of HM leaching, and significantly reduced stabilization costs. In-depth studies proved that the stabilization mechanism involved the ability of ODTC to chelate HMs strongly and form acid-resistant ODTC-HM complexes, agglomeration of the MSWI-FA grains to encapsulate the ODTC-HM complexes, transformations of the HMs from acid-soluble species to stable oxidizable and residual species, and specifically ODTC reducing high-valent Pb to more stable Pb(II) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiangyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Siwen Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Na Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Zhang M, Wu Y, Li Y, Zhou R, Yu H, Zhu X, Quan H, Li Y. Risk assessment for the long-term stability of fly ash-based cementitious material containing arsenic: Dynamic and semidynamic leaching. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123361. [PMID: 38228264 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWIFA) contains leachable heavy metals (HMs), and the environmental risk of contained HMs is an important concern for its safe treatment and disposal. This paper presents a dynamic leaching test of fly ash-based cementitious materials containing arsenic (FCAC) in three particle sizes based on an innovative simulation of two acid rainfall conditions to investigate the long-term stability of FCAC under acid rain conditions. As well as semi-dynamic leaching test by simulating FCAC in three scenarios. Furthermore, the long-term stability risk of FCAC is evaluated using a sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and the potential risk assessment index. Results showed that the Al3+ in the FCAC dissolved and reacted with the OH- in solution to form Al(OH)3 colloids as the leaching time increased. Moreover, the oxidation of sulfide minerals in the slag produced oxidants, such as H2SO4 and Fe2(SO4)3, which further aggravated the oxidative dissolution of sulfides, thereby resulting in an overall decreasing pH value of the leachate. In addition, due to the varying particle sizes of the FCAC, surface area size, and adsorption site changes, the arsenic leaching process showed three stages of leaching characteristics, namely, initial, rapid, and slow release, with a maximum leaching concentration of 2.42 mg/L, the cumulative release of 133.78 mg/kg, and the cumulative release rate of 2.32%. The SEP test revealed that the reduced state of HMs in the raw slag was lowered substantially, and the acid extractable state and residual state of HMs were increased, which was conducive to lessening the risk of FCAC. Overall, the geological polymerization reaction of MSWIFA is a viable and promising solution to stabilize mining and industrial wastes and repurpose the wastes into construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinmei Li
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongwu Zhou
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Huijuan Yu
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Quan
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuancheng Li
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China.
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Duan Y, Liu X, Hong W, Khalid Z, Lv G, Jiang X. Leaching behavior and comprehensive toxicity evaluation of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash from grate and fluidized bed incinerators using various leaching methods: A comparative study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169595. [PMID: 38154649 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) is a kind of hazardous waste that contains a substantial amount of heavy metals. To facilitate the appropriate treatment of MSWI FA, the leaching behavior of heavy metals was evaluated in MSWI FA from various sources using different leaching methods. Nine kinds of MSWI FA were investigated using three kinds of batch leaching tests (TCLP, HJ/T 300, and EN12457-2). The chemical form distributions of heavy metals in MSWI FA were obtained by sequential extraction procedures (SEPs) and the environmental risk posed by MSWI FA was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the grate and fluidized bed MSWI FA performed differently in various leaching methods, which was mainly dependent on the leachate pH and the chemical form distributions of the heavy metals. In addition, the BCR SEP was more suitable for the fractionation of heavy metals and the environmental risk assessment of MSWI FA when compared with Tessier's SEP. The overall pollution toxicity index allowed a comprehensive risk assessment specific to the leaching environment, thereby offering valuable guidelines for the stabilization or resource-based treatment of MSWI FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Wenjuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Zeinab Khalid
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Guojun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou 311305, China.
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Zhang J, Mao Y, Jin Y, Wang X, Li J, Yang S, Wang W. Highly efficient carbonation and dechlorination using flue gas micro-nano bubble for municipal solid waste incineration fly ash pretreatment and its applicability to sulfoaluminate cementitious materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120163. [PMID: 38295643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Cement production is a primary source of global carbon emissions. As a hazardous waste, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) can be pretreated as a cementitious and effective carbon capture material. This study proposes an efficient carbonation dechlorination pretreatment and resource recovery strategy using flue gas micro-nano bubble (MNB) to wash MSWI-FA. The results showed that the flue gas MNB water washing reaction solution inhibited CaCO3 boundary layer blocking and adsorption on NaCl and KCl leaching. Under low water-to-solid ratio and CO2 concentration conditions, two-step washing reduced the MSWI-FA chlorine content to <1%, improving the dechlorination effect by 19.72% compared to conventional carbonation. The flue gas MNB water accelerated the precipitation of Ca2+ and Ca(ClO)2 in the form of calcite. The higher the CO2 concentration in the flue gas MNB, the better the fragmentation and purification of the MSWI-FA shell, leading to improved dechlorination and CO2 fixation. Under optimized conditions, the mean particle size of MSWI-FA decreased by 47.82%, and the CO2 fixation rate reached 73.80%, with a 58.35% increase in the washing carbonation rate. MSWI-FA pretreated by flue gas MNB washing was used as both the raw material and supplementary cementitious material for sulfoaluminate cementitious (SAC) material, exhibiting excellent compressive strength and heavy metal stabilization. The maximum compressive strength of the MSWI-FA-based SAC material cured for 28 d reached 130 MPa. Cr leaching was inhibited with increased hydration time, and the leaching concentration was far below the standard limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazheng Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Yanpeng Mao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Xujiang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Shizhao Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
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Li W, Deng Y, Wang H, Hu Y, Cheng H. Potential risk, leaching behavior and mechanism of heavy metals from mine tailings under acid rain. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:140995. [PMID: 38128738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The leaching of heavy metals from abandoned mine tailings can pose a severe threat to surrounding areas, especially in the regions influenced by acid rain with high frequency. In this study, the potential risks of heavy metals in the tailings collected from a small-scale abandoned multi-metal mine was assessed, and their leaching behavior and mechanism were investigated by batch, semi-dynamic and in situ leaching experiments under simulated and natural rainfall conditions. The results suggested that Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the tailings could cause high/very high risks. Both batch and semi-dynamic leaching tests consistently confirmed that the leaching of heavy metals (particularly Cd) could lead to serious pollution of the surrounding environment. The leaching rates of heavy metals were pH-dependent and related to their chemical speciations in the mine tailings. The leaching behavior of Cu and Cd was dominated by surface wash-off, Zn was controlled by diffusion initially and then surface wash-off, and the leaching mechanisms of Pb and As varied with the pH conditions. It was estimated that acid rain could greatly elevate the release fluxes of Zn (20.8%), Cu (36.7%), Pb (49.9%) and Cd (35.3%) in the study area. These findings could improve the understanding of the leaching behavior of heavy metals from mine tailings and assist in developing appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Deng
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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8
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Ling Y, Gu Q, Jin B. Density functional theory study on the formation mechanism of CaClOH in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106514-106532. [PMID: 37726633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is defined as a kind of hazardous waste because of its high levels of multiple pollutants. The main component of MSWI fly ash is CaClOH, and the characteristics have not achieved consensus. And density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the formation process of CaClOH in this study, which mainly included HCl adsorption on CaO (0 0 1) surface and Ca(OH)2 (0 0 1) surface and the surface reaction process. The reaction mechanism was investigated. The results showed that the maximum adsorption energies of HCl on CaO and Ca(OH)2 surfaces reached - 195.17 kJ/mol and - 83.48 kJ/mol, respectively, representing strong chemisorption. The chemisorption process was shown as the adsorption of H atom on O site, and the adsorption capacity was reflected in the adsorption range of O site. The significant electron density overlap between O site and H atom meant that a new chemical bond formed, which made the adsorption structure stable. The adsorption energy of multi-HCl adsorption on the crystal surfaces was not proportional to the number of HCl molecule, indicating that the adsorption processes were influenced by each other. After surface reaction, the H-Cl bond was broken completely, and the structure of CaO and Ca(OH)2 changed to new structures. According to transition state (TS) search, the formation of CaClOH had a higher priority, easier than that of CaCl2, explaining the presence of CaClOH in fly ash. The study provides helpful information for the solidification treatment of fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ling
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qinyang Gu
- Sinoma International Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Baosheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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9
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Zhang J, Chen T, Li H, Tu S, Zhang L, Hao T, Yan B. Mineral phase transition characteristics and its effects on the stabilization of heavy metals in industrial hazardous wastes incineration (IHWI) fly ash via microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162842. [PMID: 36924959 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals in industrial hazardous waste incineration (IHWI) fly ash can be effectively stabilized by using microwave-assisted hydrothermal technology. However, few works have focused on the relationship between mineralogical conversion and stability of heavy metals of fly ash during hydrothermal process. This study investigated the effect of mineral phase transition process on the stabilization and migration behavior of heavy metals in IHWI fly ash using coal fly ash as silicon‑aluminum additive. Mineral composition analysis reveals that after microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment (MAHT) of IHWI fly ash, zeolite-like minerals (e.g., tobermorite, katoite and sodalite), secondary aluminosilicate minerals (e.g., prehnite and anorthite) and other newly-formed minerals (e.g., wollastonite, pectolite and larnite) were found. The leaching concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in IHWI fly ash decrease sharply after MAHT with the most obvious decreases in Cu, Pb and Zn. Spearman correlation analysis show significantly negative correlation between the content of zeolite-like minerals and the leaching concentrations of most heavy metals (e.g., Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb). These results suggest that the immobilization effects of heavy metals in IHWI fly ash can be effectively enhanced by promoting the formation of zeolite-like minerals during the MAHT. This study is expected to further promote the development of IHWI fly ash harmless treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuchen Tu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tianyang Hao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Yan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Long L, Zhao Y, Lv G, Duan Y, Liu X, Jiang X. Improving stabilization/solidification of MSWI fly ash with coal gangue based geopolymer via increasing active calcium content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158594. [PMID: 36116667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) is categorized as a hazardous waste, which demands environmentally acceptable treatment due to its easy leachability toxic of heavy metals. This study investigated an innovative and improved method for stabilization/solidification (S/S) of MSWI FA with coal gangue based geopolymer by the addition of active calcium content. The specimen with addition of calcium oxide up to 10 % reached the compressive strength of 2.14 MPa at 28 d. The addition of 30 % calcium oxide resulted in the highest immobilization efficiencies of Cd (98.96 %) and Pb (99.19 %). X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis indicated the generation of calcium-containing hydration products was promoted after the improvement of calcium content in binder. Heavy metals were stabilized through the chemical adsorption and ions exchange of amorphous hydration products. On the whole, this study illustrated that the incorporation of active calcium content can improve efficiently S/S of hazardous ash waste such as MSWI FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Long
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimeng Zhao
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guojun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Gan M, Xing J, Tang Q, Ji Z, Fan X, Zheng H, Sun Z, Chen X. Basic Research on Co-treatment of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Municipal Sludge for Energy-Saving Melting. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45153-45164. [PMID: 36530302 PMCID: PMC9753491 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
MSWI fly ash and municipal sludge are solid wastes. Melting vitrification treatment was a resource utilization method. However, the flow temperature of grate furnace MSWI fly ash and municipal sludge was high (>1325 °C), which increased the energy consumption in the melting process. MSWI fly ash contained a large amount of CaO, and municipal sludge contained a large amount of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3. The temperature of melting vitrification can be reduced using these two kinds of CITY garbage as raw materials to change the proportion of ingredients. The eutectic characteristics of MSWI fly ash and municipal sludge and the phase diagrams of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 (C-S-A) and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3 (C-S-A-F) were analyzed in this paper. It established a low melting point mixing system. The results showed that when the amount of municipal sludge was 50-70%, the flow temperature of the mixtures was <1215 °C, which was significantly lower than that of MSWI fly ash (1490 °C) and municipal sludge (1325 °C). The optimal range of low melting point components was 14.1-36.3% CaO, 21.6-40.4% SiO2, 6.7-12.6% Al2O3, and 6.3-11.4% Fe2O3. At 400-1400 °C, the minerals in the mixtures mainly changed as follows: CaCO3 + SiO2 + Al2O3 → Ca2SiO4 + Ca3SiO5 + Ca2Al2SiO7 + Ca3Al2O6 + Ca12Al14O33 → CaAl2Si2O8. In the melting experiment, with the increase in temperature, most of the phases in the mixtures might become amorphous. Therefore, the low melting point phase anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) only accounted for a small part of the final molten product.
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12
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Xue C, Khan A, Zheng X, Cai L. Risk assessment of lead and cadmium leaching from solidified/stabilized MSWI fly ash under long-term landfill simulation test. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151555. [PMID: 34752870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The long-term effectiveness concern of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA) disposal has been placed more emphatic recently, however, few studies worked on the control of leaching risk of heavy metals under the long-term stability. In this study, the leaching properties and risk assessment of two representative solidified/stabilized (S/S) FA wastes, i.e., sodium dithiocarbamate (DTC) chelator treated and Portland cement + chelator combining treated, were evaluated by a long-term cycles assessment method which coupled multifaceted environmental stresses (e.g., freezing-thawing, drying-wetting, accelerated carbonation). The results showed that the cement/chelator had a better long-term stability and exhibited ~55% lower cumulative overall pollution toxicity index (OPTI) than chelator treatment after the test, which was always rated as "low risk" during the cycles. In addition, the cement/chelator exhibited ~23.3% smaller cumulative mass release rate than the chelator treatment after 6 cycles and restrained the transformation of Pb and Cd from stable states to removable fractions, which attributes to its great erosion resistance and compact pore structure. Under the cumulative external factors and carbon dioxide attacks, the decalcification of hydrate products (e.g., C-S-H, hydrocalumite), as well as deterioration of pore structure are the critical factors increasing the local erosion, cracking and heavy metals release. Thus, the optimization of S/S waste microstructure (e.g., enhancing binder system) and landfill site conditions (e.g., reducing rainfall impact) could be propitious to the S/S waste risk control and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Xue
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Asim Khan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lankun Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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13
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Long L, Jiang X, Lv G, Chen Q, Liu X, Chi Y, Yan J, Zhao X, Kong L, Qiu Q. Comparison of MSWI fly ash from grate-type and circulating fluidized bed incinerators under landfill leachate corrosion scenarios: the long-term leaching behavior and speciation of heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:15057-15067. [PMID: 34625893 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the long-term leaching behaviors of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash samples from grate-type (GT) and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) incinerators were investigated and compared under the simulated landfill leachate corrosion scenario, which was determined to be more severe than the acid rain corrosion scenario. The total heavy metal contents showed increasing hierarchies of Ni<Cr<Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn in the GT fly ash samples and Cd<Ni<Cr<Pb<Cu<Zn in the CFB fly ash samples. During the leaching processes, all heavy metals followed the two-stage leaching mode, including quick accumulation in stage 1 and then stable release in stage 2. The heavy metals with the highest accumulative leaching amounts were Cd, Pb, and Zn in GT fly ash and Cr, Cu, and Ni in CFB fly ash. In the landfill leachate corrosion scenario, Cd and Cr showed cationic patterns while Pb, Zn, and Cu showed amphoteric patterns. The leaching of Cd, Ni, and Cr arose from the dissolution of the salts they formed (solubility control), while the leaching of Cu, Pb, and Zn was controlled by the Ca-bearing compounds (sorption and precipitation control). A large difference in Pb leaching was observed: the cumulative leaching amount of GT fly ash (707.59-3072.36 mg/kg) was an order of magnitude higher than that of CFB fly ash (22.47-407.314 mg/kg), as a result of the higher primary content and larger proportion of the residual fraction in CFB fly ash. The acid-soluble and reducible fractions exhibited higher percentages than those of other fractions representing higher levels of environmental toxicity and risk. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on the conversion of bioavailable fractions into stable fractions for the stabilization and utilization of MSWI fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Long
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guojun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Linan, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Litan Kong
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qili Qiu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, No.1 Hongjing Road, Nanjing, 211167, China
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14
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Li W, Yu Q, Gu K, Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhang P, Zheng Z, Guo Y, Xin M, Bian R. Stability evaluation of potentially toxic elements in MSWI fly ash during carbonation in view of two leaching scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150135. [PMID: 34525728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbonation treatment (CT) by alkaline fly ash (FA) affects the stability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). This study investigated the leachability and environmental risk of six PTEs contained in FA during natural and accelerated carbonation (NC, AC) using two typical leaching scenarios with distilled water (DW) and acetic acid (AA). The leaching of Pb/Cu/Cr/Ni in solidified/stabilized FA decreased due to CT in DW leaching, but the leaching of Pb/Zn/Cu/Cd increased due to CT in AA leaching. The leaching of the six PTEs (especially Pb/Cd) in AA leaching was significantly higher than that in DW leaching. CT was a promoting factor to increase the environmental risk level of PTEs in FA leachate, especially in AA leaching with H+ input. In the early stage of NC, under DW leaching tests, the environmental risk level of PTEs in FA leachate can be weakened due to the formation of carbonate minerals in the FA matrix. However, excessive NC increases the environmental risk of leached PTEs due to the decalcification of carbonate minerals. Both NC and AC increased the potential environmental risk of PTEs contained in the carbonated FA matrix. The nucleation and dissolution of carbonate minerals were interdependent with the immobilization and leaching of PTEs, which played a dominant role in the CT and leaching tests respectively. They jointly affected the occurrence behavior of PTEs in the FA matrix in CT tests and the leachability of PTEs in leaching tests. This study demonstrates that it is more scientific to evaluate the leachability of PTEs in carbonated FA according to the actual disposal scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Qianwen Yu
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Zhibo Zheng
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- College of Architectural Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Mingxue Xin
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
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15
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Wang X, Gao M, Wang M, Wu C, Wang Q, Wang Y. Removal of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash using lactic acid fermentation broth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62716-62725. [PMID: 34215983 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) is considered as a hazardous solid waste because of the high mobility of heavy metals. In this study, the removal of heavy metals in MSWIFA using lactic acid fermentation broth (LAFB) under various leaching protocols (i.e. LAFB addition amount and timing) was investigated. Results revealed that compared with that in pure lactic acid solution, the synergistic effect of various substances in LAFB was more favourable to the dissolution of heavy metals. Although the content of acid-soluble heavy metals in MSWIFA decreased after leaching with LAFB, the leaching toxicity measured by acetic acid buffer solution method increased to varying degrees (except that of Cr). Moreover, the maximum leaching concentration of Pb was 14.1 mg/L (standard limit, 0.25 mg/L), which was not conducive to the landfill treatment of MSWIFA. However, if the LAFB-treated MSWIFA was used in cement kiln for co-disposal, the amount of MSWIFA entering the kiln was 6.0 percentage points higher than that in pure water leaching. Therefore, LAFB leaching instead of water leaching is expected to be an effective pre-treatment method for the utilisation of MSWIFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Menglu Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10083, China.
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Chengdu Environmental Investment Group Co., LTD, Building 1, Tianfushijia, No. 1000 Jincheng Street, Chengdu, China
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16
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Sharma P, Sirohi R, Tong YW, Kim SH, Pandey A. Metal and metal(loids) removal efficiency using genetically engineered microbes: Applications and challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125855. [PMID: 34492804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environment is being polluted in different many with metal and metalloid pollution, mostly due to anthropogenic activity, which is directly affecting human and environmental health. Metals and metalloids are highly toxic at low concentrations and contribute primarily to the survival equilibrium of activities in the environment. However, because of non-degradable, they persist in nature and these metal and metalloids bioaccumulate in the food chain. Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) mediated techniques for the removal of metals and metalloids are considered an environmentally safe and economically feasible strategy. Various forms of GEMs, including fungi, algae, and bacteria have been produced by recombinant DNA and RNA technologies, which have been used to eliminate metal and metalloids compounds from the polluted areas. Besides, GEMs have the potentiality to produce enzymes and other metabolites that are capable of tolerating metals stress and detoxify the pollutants. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss the use of GEMs as advanced tools to produce metabolites, signaling molecules, proteins through genetic expression during metal and metalloids interaction, which help in the breakdown of persistent pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sang Hyoun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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17
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Li W, Gu K, Yu Q, Sun Y, Wang Y, Xin M, Bian R, Wang H, Wang YN, Zhang D. Leaching behavior and environmental risk assessment of toxic metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash exposed to mature landfill leachate environment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:68-75. [PMID: 33285375 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solidification/stabilization pretreatment + landfill disposal in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill sites is a widely accepted MSW incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA) management strategy in China. However, in reality, the stability of FA disposed in MSW landfill sites may be affected by the organic landfill leachate environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the mobility and environmental risks of six toxic metals (Mn+, Pb/Zn/Cu/Cd/Cr/Ni), from raw and solidified/stabilized FA, by simulating a leaching environment with mature landfill leachate (MLL). The leaching of Mn+ mainly occurred in the early leaching stage, and their leaching behavior was controlled by the diffusion of surface Mn+ in the FA matrix. The destructive effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the local precipitation-dissolution equilibrium of FA-leachate interface, the formation of non-adsorptive DOM-Mn+ complex (easy to migrate), and the competitive effect of DOM on the binding sites of Mn+ on the surface of the FA matrix may play an important role in increasing the leaching level of most Mn+. By contrast, the potential of solidified FA in reducing the environmental risk level of leached Mn+ was better than that of stabilized FA. However, the immobilization capability of solidification/stabilization pretreatment on various types of Mn+ in FA should be judged according to their practical disposal environment. Compared to MLL leaching tests, Acetic Acid Buffer Solution Method (HJ/T300-2007) can effectively strengthen the exposure environment and provide a reliable reference level of environmental risk for MSWI FA disposed in MSW landfill sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Qianwen Yu
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Mingxue Xin
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Dalei Zhang
- Qingdao Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University of Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao 266033, China
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