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Tiwari T, Kaur GA, Singh PK, Balayan S, Mishra A, Tiwari A. Emerging bio-capture strategies for greenhouse gas reduction: Navigating challenges towards carbon neutrality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172433. [PMID: 38626824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions are significantly contributing to climate change, posing one of the serious threats to our planet. Addressing these emissions urgently is imperative to prevent irreversible planetary changes. One effective long-term mitigation strategy is achieving carbon neutrality. Although numerous countries aim for carbon neutrality by 2050, only a few are on track to realize this ambition. Existing technological solutions, including chemical absorption, cryogenic separation, and membrane separation, are available but tend to be costly and time intensive. Bio-capture methods present a promising opportunity in greenhouse gas mitigation research. Recent developments in biotechnology for capturing greenhouse gases have demonstrated both effectiveness and long-term benefits. This review emphasizes the recent advancements in bio-capture techniques, showcasing them as dependable and economical solutions for carbon neutrality. The article briefly outlines various bio-capture methods and underscores their potential for industrial application. Moreover, it investigates into the challenges faced when integrating bio-capture with carbon capture and storage technology. The study concludes by exploring the recent trends and prospective enhancements in ecosystem revitalization and industrial decarbonization through green conversion techniques, reinforcing the path towards carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Tiwari
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Gun Anit Kaur
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Singh
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Sapna Balayan
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Anshuman Mishra
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Ashutosh Tiwari
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden; International Institute of Water, Air Force Radar Road, Bijolai, Jodhpur 342003, India.
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Kumar V, Sharma P, Pasrija R, Chakraborty P, Basheer T, Thomas J, Sehgal SS, Gupta M, Muzammil K. Engineered lignocellulosic based biochar to remove endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Assessment of binding mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142584. [PMID: 38866332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The safety and health of aquatic organisms and humans are threatened by the increasing presence of pollutants in the environment. Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common pollutants which affect the function of endocrine and causes adverse effects on human health. These chemicals can disrupt metabolic processes by interacting with hormone receptors upon consumptions by humans or aquatic species. Several studies have reported the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in waterbodies, food, air and soil. These chemicals are associated with increasing occurrence of obesity, metabolic disorders, reproductive abnormalities, autism, cancer, epigenetic variation and cardiovascular risk. Conventional treatment processes are expensive, not environment friendly and unable to achieve complete removal of these harmful chemicals. In recent years, biochar from different sources has gained a considerable interest due to their adsorption efficiency with porous structure and large surface areas. biochar derived from lignocellulosic biomass are widely used as sustainable catalysts in soil remediation, carbon sequestration, removal of organic and inorganic pollutants and wastewater treatment. This review conceptualizes the production techniques of biochar from lignocellulosic biomass and explores the functionalization and interaction of biochar with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This review also identifies the further needs of research. Overall, the environmental and health risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals can be dealt with by biochar produced from lignocellulosic biomass as a sustainable and prominent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering (BITE) Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam, 602105, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Ritu Pasrija
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Pritha Chakraborty
- School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Whitefield, Bangalore, 560066, Karnataka, India.
| | - Thazeem Basheer
- Waste Management Division, Integrated Rural Technology Centre (IRTC), Mundur, Palakkad, 678592, Kerala, India
| | - Jithin Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Mar Athanasius College, Kerala, India
| | - Satbir S Sehgal
- Division of Research Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
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Graça J, Kwapinska M, Murphy B, Duggan T, Leahy JJ, Kelleher B. Pyrolysis, a recovery solution to reduce landfilling of residual organic waste generated from mixed municipal waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33282-1. [PMID: 38613758 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Despite policies to restrict the mixing of organic waste with other general waste and improve its separation at source, municipal solid waste still contains a high proportion of organic waste. The residual organic waste is generated as a by-product of the mechanical treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) and is mainly disposed in landfills after composting. Its reuse and recovery status varies across European countries. Most countries restrict the use of biostabilised residual waste (BSRW) to landfill cover, whereas others have regulated it as marketable compost. Crucially, BSRW is set to lose its "recycled" status under the revised European Union waste framework, with probably tighter restrictions and increased costs imposed for the landfilling of organic waste. Our research aimed to investigate pyrolysis as an alternative technology to treat the 10-40 mm fraction of BSRW (representing 50% of BSRW generated). Pyrolysis at 700 °C was carried out and feedstock and pyrolysis products were characterized. Mass and energy balances showed that pyrolysis produced hot vapour/gas whose combustion may render the pyrolysis process energetically sustainable. Biochar comprises 30-50% of BRSW mass after removal of glass, metal and stones. Our results indicate that pyrolysis has the potential to create options for contributing to reduce the landfilling of BSRW; however, the presence of residual impurities may limit biochar applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Graça
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Marzena Kwapinska
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Brian Murphy
- Enrich Environmental Ltd, Larch Hill, Kilcock, Co Meath, Ireland
| | - Tim Duggan
- Enrich Environmental Ltd, Larch Hill, Kilcock, Co Meath, Ireland
| | - James J Leahy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Brian Kelleher
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Wu X, Nawaz S, Li Y, Zhang H. Environmental health hazards of untreated livestock wastewater: potential risks and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24745-24767. [PMID: 38499926 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to technological and economic limitations, waste products such as sewage and manure generated in livestock farming lack comprehensive scientific and centralized treatment. This leads to the exposure of various contaminants in livestock wastewater, posing potential risks to both the ecological environment and human health. This review evaluates the environmental and physical health risks posed by common pollutants in livestock wastewater and outlines future treatment methods to mitigate these risks. Residual wastes in livestock wastewater, including pathogenic bacteria and parasites surviving after epidemics or diseases on various farms, along with antibiotics, organic wastes, and heavy metals from farming activities, contribute to environmental damage and pose risks to human health. As the livestock industry's development increasingly impacts society's future negatively, addressing the issue of residual wastes in livestock wastewater discharge becomes imperative. Ongoing advancements in wastewater treatment systems are consistently updating and refining practices to effectively minimize waste exposure at the discharge source, mitigating risks to environmental ecology and human health. This review not only summarizes the "potential risks of livestock wastewater" but also explores "the prospects for the development of wastewater treatment technologies" based on current reports. It offers valuable insights to support the long-term and healthy development of the livestock industry and contribute to the sustainable development of the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Vannini A, Pagano L, Bartoli M, Fedeli R, Malcevschi A, Sidoli M, Magnani G, Pontiroli D, Riccò M, Marmiroli M, Petraglia A, Loppi S. Accumulation and Release of Cadmium Ions in the Lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. and Wood-Derived Biochar: Implication for the Use of Biochar for Environmental Biomonitoring. TOXICS 2024; 12:66. [PMID: 38251021 PMCID: PMC10818847 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) boasts diverse environmental applications. However, its potential for environmental biomonitoring has, surprisingly, remained largely unexplored. This study presents a preliminary analysis of BC's potential as a biomonitor for the environmental availability of ionic Cd, utilizing the lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. as a reference organism. For this purpose, the lichen E. prunastri and two types of wood-derived biochar, biochar 1 (BC1) and biochar 2 (BC2), obtained from two anonymous producers, were investigated for their ability to accumulate, or sequester and subsequently release, Cd when exposed to Cd-depleted conditions. Samples of lichen and biochar (fractions between 2 and 4 mm) were soaked for 1 h in a solution containing deionized water (control), 10 µM, and 100 µM Cd2+ (accumulation phase). Then, 50% of the treated samples were soaked for 24 h in deionized water (depuration phase). The lichen showed a very good ability to adsorb ionic Cd, higher than the two biochar samples (more than 46.5%), and a weak ability to release the metal (ca. 6%). As compared to the lichen, BC2 showed a lower capacity for Cd accumulation (-48%) and release (ca. 3%). BC1, on the other hand, showed a slightly higher Cd accumulation capacity than BC2 (+3.6%), but a release capacity similar to that of the lichen (ca. 5%). The surface area and the cation exchange capacity of the organism and the tested materials seem to play a key role in their ability to accumulate and sequester Cd, respectively. This study suggests the potential use of BC as a (bio)monitor for the presence of PTEs in atmospheric depositions and, perhaps, water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vannini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
- National Interuniveritary Consortium for Environmental (CINSA), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 95, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Riccardo Fedeli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via PA Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (R.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Alessio Malcevschi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Michele Sidoli
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.); (D.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Giacomo Magnani
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.); (D.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniele Pontiroli
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.); (D.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Mauro Riccò
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.); (D.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Stefano Loppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via PA Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (R.F.); (S.L.)
- BAT Center-Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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Yuan X, Cao Y, Li J, Patel AK, Dong CD, Jin X, Gu C, Yip ACK, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Recent advancements and challenges in emerging applications of biochar-based catalysts. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108181. [PMID: 37268152 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable utilization of biochar produced from biomass waste could substantially promote the development of carbon neutrality and a circular economy. Due to their cost-effectiveness, multiple functionalities, tailorable porous structure, and thermal stability, biochar-based catalysts play a vital role in sustainable biorefineries and environmental protection, contributing to a positive, planet-level impact. This review provides an overview of emerging synthesis routes for multifunctional biochar-based catalysts. It discusses recent advances in biorefinery and pollutant degradation in air, soil, and water, providing deeper and more comprehensive information of the catalysts, such as physicochemical properties and surface chemistry. The catalytic performance and deactivation mechanisms under different catalytic systems were critically reviewed, providing new insights into developing efficient and practical biochar-based catalysts for large-scale use in various applications. Machine learning (ML)-based predictions and inverse design have addressed the innovation of biochar-based catalysts with high-performance applications, as ML efficiently predicts the properties and performance of biochar, interprets the underlying mechanisms and complicated relationships, and guides biochar synthesis. Finally, environmental benefit and economic feasibility assessments are proposed for science-based guidelines for industries and policymakers. With concerted effort, upgrading biomass waste into high-performance catalysts for biorefinery and environmental protection could reduce environmental pollution, increase energy safety, and achieve sustainable biomass management, all of which are beneficial for attaining several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhou Yuan
- Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Alex C K Yip
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Thi Luyen N, Van Nguyen K, Van Dang N, Quang Huy T, Hoai Linh P, Thanh Trung N, Nguyen VT, Thanh DV. Facile One-Step Pyrolysis of ZnO/Biochar Nanocomposite for Highly Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26816-26827. [PMID: 37546599 PMCID: PMC10398690 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a facile one-step pyrolysis method for preparing porous ZnO/biochar nanocomposites (ZBCs) with a large surface area to enhance the removal efficiency of dye from aqueous solution. Peanut shells were pyrolyzed under oxygen-limited conditions with a molten salt ZnCl2, which played the roles of the activating agent and precursor for the formation of nanoparticles. The effects of the mass ratio between the molten salt ZnCl2 and peanut shells as well as pyrolysis temperature on the formation of ZBCs were investigated. Characterization results revealed that the as-synthesized ZBCs exhibited a highly porous structure with a specific surface area of 832.12 m2/g, suggesting a good adsorbent for efficient removal of methylene blue (MB). The maximum adsorption capacity of ZBCs on MB was 826.44 mg/g, which surpassed recently reported adsorbents. The formation mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles on the biochar surface was due to ZnCl2 vaporization and reaction with water molecules extracted from the lignocellulosic structures. This study provides a basis for developing a simple and large-scale synthesis method for wastewater with a high adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Luyen
- TNU
- University of Sciences, Thai
Nguyen, Thainguyen 25000, Vietnam
| | - Khien Van Nguyen
- TNU
- University of Sciences, Thai
Nguyen, Thainguyen 25000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Dang
- TNU
- University of Sciences, Thai
Nguyen, Thainguyen 25000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Quang Huy
- Phenikaa
University Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hoai Linh
- Institute
of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Trung
- Institute
of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Van-Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of
Fundamental Sciences, Thai Nguyen University
of Technology, Thai Nguyen, Thainguyen 25000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Van Thanh
- TNU-University
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai
Nguyen, Thainguyen 25000, Vietnam
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Yang T, Zhang Z, Zhu W, Meng LY. Quantitative analysis of the current status and research trends of biochar research - A scientific bibliometric analysis based on global research achievements from 2003 to 2023. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27992-1. [PMID: 37338685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has excellent physical and chemical properties such as porosity, high carbon content, high cation exchange capacity, and rich surface functional groups and has been widely used in environmental remediation. Over the past 20 years, although various reviews have described the application of biochar as an environmentally friendly multifunctional material in environmental remediation, no comprehensive summary and analysis of the research trends in this field exists. To promote the rapid and stable development of the field of biochar, the current state of research on biochar is clarified using the bibliometric method in this report, and potential development directions and challenges for the future are identified. All relevant biochar literature from 2003-2023 was collected from the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science Core Collection. A total of 6,119 published Chinese papers and 25,174 English papers were selected for the quantitative analysis. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago graphics software was used to summarize the numbers of papers published over the years, as well as the countries, institutions, and authors that published the most articles. Secondly, using keyword co-occurrence and emergence analysis, the recognized research hotspots in different areas such as adsorbents, soil remediation, catalytic oxidation, supercapacitors, and "biochar-microbial" synergy were analyzed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of biochar were assessed to provide new perspectives for further promoting its development in technological, economic, environmental, and other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Zhu
- College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Yue Meng
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Celma A, Dahlberg AK, Wiberg K. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives in biochar treated stormwater. MethodsX 2023; 10:102232. [PMID: 37305806 PMCID: PMC10250907 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxygenated PAHs (oxy-PAHs) and nitrogen heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds (N-PACs) are persistent and semi-volatile organic compounds primarily formed due to incomplete combustion of organic material or, in the case of the derivatives, through transformation reactions of PAHs. Their presence in the environment is ubiquitous and many of them have been proven carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. These toxic pollutants can therefore pose a threat to both ecosystem and human health and urges for remediation strategies for PAHs and derivatives from water bodies. Biochar is a carbon-rich material resulting from the pyrolysis of biomass resulting in a very porous matter with high surface area for an enhanced interaction with chemicals. This makes biochar a promising alternative for filtering micropollutants from contaminated aquatic bodies. In this work, a previously developed and validated methodology for the analysis of PAHs, oxy-PAHs and N-PACs in surface water samples was adapted for its utilization in biochar treated stormwater with special emphasis on scaling down the solid-phase extraction as well as including an additional filtering step for the removal of particulate matter in the media.•Optimized extraction method for PAHs, oxy-PAHs and N-PACs from stormwater treated with biochar.•Biochar strongly impacts the stormwater matrix and, therefore, additional steps are required in the extraction methodology.•Solid-phase extraction combined with GC-MS have been used to analyse PAHs, oxy-PAHs and N-PACs in stormwater treated with biochar.
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G Díaz-Maroto C, Mašek O, Pizarro P, Serrano DP, Moreno I, Fermoso J. Removal of NO at low concentrations from polluted air in semi-closed environments by activated biochars from renewables feedstocks. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:118031. [PMID: 37167696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient measures are urgently required in large cities for nitric oxide (NO) elimination from air in urban semi-closed environments (parking lots and tunnels), characterized by low NO concentrations (<10 ppmv) and temperatures. One of the most promising abatement alternatives is the NO oxidation to NO2, which can be further easily captured in an alkali solution or over a porous solid. However, most of the research devoted to this topic is focused on the elimination of NO from fuel exhaust gases, with high NO concentrations (400-2000 ppmv). In this work, sustainable and low-cost activated biochars of different origin and having very different ash contents were employed in NO removal at very low concentrations. Thus, low ash content forestry (oak woodchips, OAK) and high ash content from agriculture (oilseed rape straw, OSR) biochars were subjected to physical activation with CO2 at 900 °C (OAK550-A900CO2 and OSR700-A900CO2, respectively). The NO removal performance tests of such activated carbons were carried out at different experimental conditions: i.e., temperature, relative humidity (0-50 vol% RH), NO-containing gas (N2 or air), amount of activated carbon, and NO concentration, to assess how the activated biochar properties influence their NO removal capacity. The sample OSR700-A900CO2 contained a higher population of oxygen surface functionalities, which might play an important role in the NO removal efficiency in dry conditions since they could assist NO oxidation on carbon active sites when used above room temperature (50-75 °C). However, at room temperature (25 °C), the presence of narrow micropore size distribution at 6 Å became a more relevant property, since it facilitates an intimate contact between NO and O2. Accordingly, the activated biochar from OAK was much more efficient, achieving complete removal of NO from air flow (dry or with 50 vol% RH) at 25 °C during 400 min of testing, making it an ideal candidate as biofilter for purifying air streams of semi-closed spaces contaminated with low concentrations of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Díaz-Maroto
- Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Patricia Pizarro
- Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - David P Serrano
- Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Moreno
- Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fermoso
- Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Ganesapillai M, Mehta R, Tiwari A, Sinha A, Bakshi HS, Chellappa V, Drewnowski J. Waste to energy: A review of biochar production with emphasis on mathematical modelling and its applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14873. [PMID: 37089283 PMCID: PMC10119570 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
United Nations charter to build a sustainable future has paved the way for the introduction of the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) at a global forum. In particular, SDG 11 is aligned with the idea of developing cities and communities that provide quality human life, by attaining net-zero discharge and self-sustainability. In line with the efforts of the global community, biochar has emerged as a viable solution due to its ability to convert waste into value. Finding applications in a spectrum of domains, biochar is being studied for use as an adsorbent, a co-catalyst to promote industrial-grade reactions and as a feed for fuel cells. Moreover, the inclusion of biochar as a soil enhancement material advocates the implementation of closed-loop nutrient cycles. Hence, it is imperative to have a proper understanding of the biomass characteristics, the hydrothermal treatment and the process parameters to be adopted for the production of char in order to identify biomass feedstock based on the application. The current work provides insight into the key factors and conditions employed for the production of biochar based on the plethora of applications. In order build a basic framework to aid in the production of char, the development of a statistical correlation was undertaken to determine the feed and optimum process parameters for the production of biochar based on its applications.
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12
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Luo J, Wu Y, Jiang M, Zhang A, Chen X, Zeng Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Wang G. Novel ZnFe 2O 4/BC/ZnO photocatalyst for high-efficiency degradation of tetracycline under visible light irradiation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137041. [PMID: 36330977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing broad-spectrum light reactions, effective charge separation, and easily recoverable photocatalysts were considered cost-effective pollution remediation methods. The ZnFe2O4/BC/ZnO composite was prepared to achieve these objectives, where biochar (BC) was used as a conductive channel and ZnFe2O4 as a magnetic substance. Among them, the 0.6-ZBO composite performed the best, with photocatalytic removal of tetracycline (TC) reaching 85.6%. The photocatalytic degradation rated constant of 0.6-ZBO composite was 23.36 × 10-3 min-1, which was 7.6, 4.1, and 2.5 times higher than that of ZnFe2O4/BC, ZnO, and ZnFe2O4/ZnO samples, respectively. According to several characterization data, it was demonstrated that successful Z-scheme heterojunctions were constructed between ZnFe2O4 and ZnO. The 0.6-ZBO complex increased the range of light absorption and strengthened the separation of electron-hole pairs, thus improving the redox ability of the complex. In the different water matrices, the stability of 0.6-ZBO was excellent and its ability to remove TC decreased slightly to about 11% after 5 cycles. This work provided a valuable approach to design a novel and efficient system for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater using magnetic biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yaohui Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Mengzhu Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Arts and Sciences, Governors State University, University Park, IL, 60484, USA
| | - Yelin Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yunlin Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
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13
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Ajien A, Idris J, Md Sofwan N, Husen R, Seli H. Coconut shell and husk biochar: A review of production and activation technology, economic, financial aspect and application. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:37-51. [PMID: 36346183 PMCID: PMC9925910 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221127167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coconut industry generates a relatively large amount of coconut shell and husk biomass, which can be utilized for industrial and environmental purposes. Immense potential for added value when coconut shell and husk biomass are turned into biochar and limited studies are available, making this review paper significant. This paper specifically presents the production and activation technology, economic and financial aspect and application of biochar from coconut shell and husk biomass. Pyrolysis, gasification and self-sustained carbonization are among the production technology discussed to convert this biomass into carbon-rich materials with distinctive characteristics. The surface characteristics of coconut-based biochar, that is, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (SBET), pore volume (Vp), pore diameter (dp) and surface functional group can be enhanced by physical and chemical activation and metal impregnation. Due to their favourable characteristics, coconut shell and husk-activated biochar exhibit their potential as valuable adsorption materials for industrial and environmental application including biodiesel production, capacitive deionization, soil amendment, water treatment and carbon sequestration. With the knowledge of the potential, the coconut industry can contribute to both the local and global biocircular economy by producing coconut shell and husk biochar for economic development and environmental remediation. The capital and operating cost for production and activation processes must be taken into account to ensure bioeconomy sustainability, hence coconut shell and husk biomass have a great potential for income generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azrine Ajien
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Kota Samarahan,
Sarawak, Malaysia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Juferi Idris
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Kota Samarahan,
Sarawak, Malaysia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurzawani Md Sofwan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Samarahan Campus, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak,
Malaysia
| | - Rafidah Husen
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Samarahan 2 Campus, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak,
Malaysia
| | - Hazman Seli
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Kota Samarahan,
Sarawak, Malaysia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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de Mello R, Motheo AJ, Sáez C, Rodrigo MA. Treatment of benzene contaminated gas streams by combining adsorption and electrochemical oxidation processes. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Pereira GR, Lopes RP, Wang W, Guimarães T, Teixeira RR, Astruc D. Triazole-functionalized hydrochar-stabilized Pd nanocatalyst for ullmann coupling. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136250. [PMID: 36057359 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomass valorization is essential, particularly in emerging countries. Here, hydrochar from arabica coffee straw was functionalized with a triazole group (HD-TRz) for use as a support of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs-HD-TRz) applied in the Ullmann coupling reaction for the first time. It provided remarkably excellent selectivities, conversions at a temperature as low as 45 °C and catalyst recyclability, surpassing previous literature performances. Hydrochar was obtained by one-pot reaction via hydrothermal synthesis, using NaOH solution as activating agent and functionalized with a 1,3-triazole group by CuAAC "click" reaction. The PdNPs were prepared via reduction of hydrochar-bound Pd(II) using NaBH4. Hydrochar functionalization was monitored by infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) allowed to observe carbon and palladium planes in hydrochar and PdNPs HD-TRz structures. The PdNPs presented a spherical shape with 2.1 ± 0.1 nm size, homogeneously distributed in the carbon coverslips. The HD-TRz-supported PdNPs were used as a catalyst in the Ullmann reaction of iodobenzene, using ethanol as solvent with 100% of conversion and 91% selectivity at 45 °C. The material was reused, presenting 100% of conversion and selectivities of 92, 84 and 73% for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cycle, respectively. The scope of the reaction was expanded to other molecules showing the potential of this and other triazole-hydrochar-supported nanocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenjuan Wang
- Université de Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Talence 33405 Cedex, France
| | - Tiago Guimarães
- Federal University of Viçosa, Chemistry Department-Viçosa/MG, Brazil
| | | | - Didier Astruc
- Université de Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Talence 33405 Cedex, France
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16
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Lauric Acid Treatments to Oxidized and Control Biochars and Their Effects on Rubber Composite Tensile Properties. Mol Vis 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/c8040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a renewable source of carbon that can partially replace carbon black as filler in rubber composites. Since the carbon content of biochar is less pure than carbon black, improvements and modifications must be made to biochar to make it a viable co-filler. In this work, two methods to change the surface chemistry of biochar were employed: (1) gas treatment at 300 °C with either air or carbon dioxide, and (2) coating with lauric acid. Both methods are amenable to the current rubber processing industry. After biochar was treated with these methods, it was used as co-filler in rubber composite samples. Gas treatment with either air or carbon dioxide was found to increase stiffness in the final composites. Although lauric acid coating of biochar by itself did not have a significant effect on tensile properties, biochar that was first treated with carbon dioxide and then coated with lauric acid showed a 19% increase in tensile strength and a 48% increase in toughness. Gas treatment and lauric acid coating of biochar provide relatively simple processing techniques to improve the stiffness and tensile strength of biochar as rubber composite filler.
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17
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Li Y, Gupta R, You S. Machine learning assisted prediction of biochar yield and composition via pyrolysis of biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127511. [PMID: 35752259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar production via pyrolysis of various organic waste has potential to reduce dependence on conventional energy sources and mitigate global warming potential. Existing models for predicting biochar yield and compositions are computationally-demanding, complex, and have low accuracy for extrapolative scenarios. Here, two data-driven machine learning models based on Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network and Artificial Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System are developed. The data-driven models predict biochar yield and compositions for a variety of input feedstock compositions and pyrolysis process conditions. Feature importance assessment of the input dataset revealed their competitive significance for predicting biochar yield and compositions. Overall, the predictive accuracy of the models was up to 12.7% better than the Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting machine learning algorithms reported in the literature. The models developed are valuable for environmental footprint assessment of biochar production and rapid system optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Li
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Rohit Gupta
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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18
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Isinkaralar K. High-efficiency removal of benzene vapor using activated carbon from Althaea officinalis L. biomass as a lignocellulosic precursor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:66728-66740. [PMID: 35507228 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a primary air pollutant commonly found widespread in the indoor environment. It has always been a research focus on the environment due to the causes of significant human health concerns. It has been widely utilized in the synthesis of solvent production, which can rarely be found in high concentrations in outdoor air or high amounts in indoor air, depending on its sources. It is aimed to remove different initial benzene concentrations (from 5 to 1500 ppm) with the production of activated carbon as an excellent adsorbent with a high surface area to be used in these situations. Lignocellulosic wastes have great potential for activated carbon for their advantages (abundant, recycled, and low-cost materials, etc.). This study aimed to evaluate biowaste material for activated carbon production from Althaea officinalis L. biomass by chemical activation (H2SO4, LiOH, and ZnCl2) at temperatures between 500 and 900 °C. Newly developed powdered activated carbons (Ao-ACs) are also tabulated as Ao-AC1-45 for easy reference. Benzene vapor was collected into Tenax TA® tubes by automatic thermal desorption in conjunction with a capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). The significant surface area and production yield of Ao-ACs were obtained at 1424 m2/g (Ao-AC43) and up to 40.32%, respectively. The maximum gas-phase benzene adsorption capacity was 140 mg/g at 270 min. This research has focused on adsorption gas-phase benzene removal onto Ao-ACs as a low-cost adsorbent from the Althaea officinalis L. biomass. Conspicuously, more study is needed to perform the enhanced adsorption of airborne pollutants capacity with inexpensive activated carbon from waste biomass materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Isinkaralar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Türkiye.
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19
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Uday V, Harikrishnan PS, Deoli K, Zitouni F, Mahlknecht J, Kumar M. Current trends in production, morphology, and real-world environmental applications of biochar for the promotion of sustainability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127467. [PMID: 35710048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has sparked a lot of interest in recent years for various applications such as contaminant removal, carbon sequestration and soil amendment. However, laboratory scale studies dominates over the real-world applications. In this study, we first enumerated on the various ongoing uses of biochar along with adsorption mechanism; and then identified the most suitable source, and efficient method for biochar production; and finally proposed real-world practical applications of biochar as an additive to control diffuse micropollutant pollution along the highways and railway tracks; as well as the pollution through agricultural runoff. We demonstrated that directly or indirectly, biochar can definitely help to achieve all the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The study on the practical use of biochar is an emerging area, because a lot of research needs are there to realise the full-potential of biochar with ways of attaining sustainable development goals towards waste, energy and pollution management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vismaya Uday
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - P S Harikrishnan
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Kanchan Deoli
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Faiza Zitouni
- College of Engineering, Applied Science University (ASU), Kingdom of Bahrain, UAE
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India.
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20
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Torres FG, De-la-Torre GE. Mercury pollution in Peru: geographic distribution, health hazards, and sustainable removal technologies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54045-54059. [PMID: 35650340 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peru is one of the great gold producers worldwide. However, a significant portion of the gold produced in Peru derives from artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in the Andes and Amazon. In ASGM, gold amalgamation with mercury (Hg) is a critical procedure to refine gold through the formation of Au-Hg alloys. Due to the rudimentary and improvised techniques conducted by small-scale and informal miners, Hg contamination has become of great concern and is strictly associated with ASGM. Multiple studies have evidenced notably high concentrations of Hg in consumable fish species, rivers, sediments, and air in locations where ASGM is one of the main sources of income to local communities and is carried out aggressively. In the present review, we have conducted a systematic search for national and international literature reporting the concentration and distribution of Hg pollution across environmental compartments, biota, and human samples in Peru. The results and data retrieved from the articles were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, and the distribution of Hg across environmental compartments was visualized through a geographic information system. Additionally, we reviewed the use of adsorption techniques as alternatives to treat Hg0 vapor from the gold shop and smelter flues, one of the main sources of hazardous levels of Hg exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Torres
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima, 15088, Peru.
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21
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Huang D, Liang M, Wang N, Xu Q. The efficiency and mechanism of humidity in alleviating CO 2 inhibition on H 2S adsorption to straw biochars. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:113008. [PMID: 35219631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption tests were conducted to clarify the impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) on hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal to straw biochars and the role of humidity in affecting the CO2 impact. When straw biochars were dry, CO2 proved significantly detrimental to their H2S adsorption, regardless of the CO2 contents. In contrast, when adjusting the humidity of the biochars to 20%, the presence of CO2 promoted the conversion of H2S into sulfites, though still inhibited the generation of elemental sulfur, through which the original negative CO2 impact was nearly compensated. The presence of low to medium contents of CO2 even slightly improved the adsorption capacity and extended the breakthrough time. This phenomenon was ascribed to a favorable carbon surface environment for H2S dissociation and oxidation, created from the reactions of the major minerals (Ca and Mg) with CO2 and water. To sum up, the CO2 inhibition on the H2S adsorption to biochars was ascribed to the competition of CO2 for the active sites; however, humidity induced a series of CO2-participated chemical reactions between H2S and the minerals, sufficiently alleviating the CO2 inhibition. The results also highlight the necessity to recognize the most critical biochar properties or an efficient balance of crucial biochar properties in achieving an optimal H2S removal when CO2 is present in the syngas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Mingshen Liang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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22
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Xiang W, Zhang X, Cao C, Quan G, Wang M, Zimmerman AR, Gao B. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis derived biochar for volatile organic compounds treatment: Characteristics and adsorption performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127274. [PMID: 35533889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from corn stalk doping with activated carbon was produced by microwave-assisted pyrolysis and applied to sorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs: benzene and o-xylene). Specific surface area (SSA), total pore volume (TPV) and micropore volume (MV) of microwave biochar increased with increasing microwave power with the maximum values 325.2 m2·g-1, 0.181 mL·g-1 and 0.1420 mL·g-1, respectively. Adsorption capacities of benzene and o-xylene on microwave biochar ranged 6.82-54.75 mg·g-1 and 7.43-48.73 mg·g-1, which were separate positively related with SSA, TPV, and MV. Benzene adsorption was mainly dominated by surface interaction and partition mechanisms, while o-xylene adsorption was governed by pore filling. The adsorption capacities of microwave biochar for benzene and o-xylene decreased by only 0.30% and 0.99% on the 5th cycle that illustrated the reasonably good reusability of microwave biochar. The results of this research demonstrate that microwave biochar is a promising adsorbent for VOCs removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China.
| | - Chengcheng Cao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Guixiang Quan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Min Wang
- Xuzhou Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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23
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Sheoran K, Siwal SS, Kapoor D, Singh N, Saini AK, Alsanie WF, Thakur VK. Air Pollutants Removal Using Biofiltration Technique: A Challenge at the Frontiers of Sustainable Environment. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2022; 2:378-396. [PMID: 36281334 PMCID: PMC9585892 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.2c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
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Air pollution is
a central problem faced by industries during the
production process. The control of this pollution is essential for
the environment and living organisms as it creates harmful effects.
Biofiltration is a current pollution management strategy that concerns
removing odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other pollutants
from the air. Recently, this approach has earned vogue globally due
to its low-cost and straightforward technique, effortless function,
high reduction efficacy, less energy necessity, and residual consequences
not needing additional remedy. There is a critical requirement to
consider sustainable machinery to decrease the pollutants arising
within air and water sources. For managing these different kinds of
pollutant reductions, biofiltration techniques have been utilized.
The contaminants are adsorbed upon the medium exterior and are metabolized
to benign outcomes through immobilized microbes. Biofiltration-based
designs have appeared advantageous in terminating dangerous pollutants
from wastewater or contaminated air in recent years. Biofiltration
uses the possibilities of microbial approaches (bacteria and fungi)
to lessen the broad range of compounds and VOCs. In this review, we
have discussed a general introduction based on biofiltration and the
classification of air pollutants based on different sources. The history
of biofiltration and other mechanisms used in biofiltration techniques
have been discussed. Further, the crucial factors of biofilters that
affect the performance of biofiltration techniques have been discussed
in detail. Finally, we concluded the topic with current challenges
and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamveer Sheoran
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Deepanshi Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Nirankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Adesh K. Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Walaa Fahad Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
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24
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Samoraj M, Mironiuk M, Witek-Krowiak A, Izydorczyk G, Skrzypczak D, Mikula K, Baśladyńska S, Moustakas K, Chojnacka K. Biochar in environmental friendly fertilizers - Prospects of development products and technologies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133975. [PMID: 35182533 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to the circular economy concept, the production of fertilizers should be closed in a loop, which prevents excessive emissions and harmful effects to the environment. Biological wastes are problematic to collect and transport. They undergo a biological transformation that causes greenhouse gases emission and sanitary hazards. Biomass sources used for organic or organo-mineral fertilizers must be free of pathogens and rich in macro and microelements. Solid residues can be processed thermally. Biochar is a carbon produced by biomass pyrolysis without oxygen presence and has been used for many years to improve soil quality and enhance the efficiency of fertilization. There are many research works on the use of biochar in fertilization. This study is also extended by the latest developments and technologies from the patent database (recent year) and biochar-based fertilizers market. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such review currently available in scientific databases. Based on the collected data, the best method of biochar management was proposed - soil application. Biochar applied to soil has several advantages: it improves soil structure and its sorption capacity, enhances soil-nutrient retention and water-holding capacity, immobilizes contaminants from soil (sorption), reduces greenhouse gas emissions and soil nutrient leaching losses while stimulating the growth of a plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Samoraj
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Sylwia Baśladyńska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
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25
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Rossi MM, Alfano S, Amanat N, Andreini F, Lorini L, Martinelli A, Petrangeli Papini M. A Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-Biochar Reactor for the Adsorption and Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene: Design and Startup Phase. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050192. [PMID: 35621470 PMCID: PMC9137886 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) and biochar from pine wood (PWB) are used in a mini-pilot scale biological reactor (11.3 L of geometric volume) for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal (80 mgTCE/day and 6 L/day of flow rate). The PHB-biochar reactor was realized with two sequential reactive areas to simulate a multi-reactive permeable barrier. The PHB acts as an electron donor source in the first “fermentative” area. First, the thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed. The PHB-powder and pellets have different purity (96% and 93% w/w) and thermal properties. These characteristics may affect the biodegradability of the biopolymer. In the second reactive zone, the PWB works as a Dehalococcoides support and adsorption material since its affinity for chlorinated compounds and the positive effect of the “coupled adsorption and biodegradation” process has been already verified. A specific dechlorinating enriched culture has been inoculated in the PWB zone to realize a coupled adsorption and biodegradation process. Organic acids were revealed since the beginning of the test, and during the monitoring period the reductive dichlorination anaerobic pathway was observed in the first zone; no chlorinated compounds were detected in the effluent thanks to the PWB adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Alfano
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Neda Amanat
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
| | | | - Laura Lorini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Marco Petrangeli Papini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (N.A.); (L.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.P.)
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26
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A Molten-Salt Pyrolysis Synthesis Strategy toward Sulfur-Functionalized Carbon for Elemental Mercury Removal from Coal-Combustion Flue Gas. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15051840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emission of mercury from coal combustion has caused consequential hazards to the ecosystem. The key challenge to abating the mercury emission is to explore highly efficient adsorbents. Herein, sulfur-functionalized carbon (S-C) was synthesized by using a molten-salt pyrolysis strategy and employed for the removal of elemental mercury from coal-combustion flue gas. An ideal pore structure, which was favorable for the internal diffusion of the Hg0 molecule in carbon, was obtained by using a SiO2 hard template and adjusting the HF etching time. The as-prepared S-C with an HF etching time of 10 h possessed a saturation Hg0 adsorption capacity of 89.90 mg·g−1, far exceeding that of the commercial sulfur-loaded activated carbons (S/C). The S-C can be applied at a wide temperature range of 25–125 °C, far exceeding that of commercial S/C. The influence of flue gas components, such as SO2, NO, and H2O, on the Hg0 adsorption performance of S-C was insignificant, indicating a good applicability in real-world applications. The mechanism of the Hg0 removal by S-C was proposed, i.e., the reduced components, including sulfur thiophene, sulfoxide, and C-S, displayed a high affinity toward Hg0, which could guarantee the stable immobilization of Hg0 as HgS in the adsorbent. Thus, the molten-salt pyrolysis strategy has a broad prospect in the application of one-pot carbonization and functionalization sulfur-containing organic precursors as efficient adsorbents for Hg0.
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27
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Tan L, Wang J, Cai B, Wang C, Ao Z, Wang S. Nitrogen-rich layered carbon for adsorption of typical volatile organic compounds and low-temperature thermal regeneration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127348. [PMID: 34601402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based adsorbents with a high adsorption capacity and low price have been widely used in the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but the poor gas selectivity and reusability limit their industrial applications. In this work, disc-like nitrogen-rich porous carbon materials (HAT-Xs) were synthesized to remove typical VOCs via adsorption. By controlling the synthesis temperature from 450 to 1000 °C, the C/N ratio of the HAT-Xs increased from 1.85 to 12.56. The HAT-650 synthesized at 650 °C with the high specific surface area of 305 m2 g-1 exhibits the highest adsorption capacity of 141 mg g-1 for ethyl acetate (which is 3.2 times for that of activated carbon), and 39.4 mg g-1 for n-hexane, 48.6 mg g-1 for toluene. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption is physical adsorption and that the interior surface diffusion is the main rate-determining step during the adsorption progress, the interior surface diffusion rate of ethyl acetate on HAT-650 is 1.455 mg g-1 min-0.5. At the same time, the desorption and reuse tests show that HAT-650 has excellent reusability with low desorption and regeneration temperature of 120 °C, and high desorption efficiency of 95.2% and that it could be a promising ethyl acetate adsorbent for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiangen Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Bihai Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chengyin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Monitoring, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Zhimin Ao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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28
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Rossi MM, Matturro B, Amanat N, Rossetti S, Petrangeli Papini M. Coupled Adsorption and Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene on Biochar from Pine Wood Wastes: A Combined Approach for a Sustainable Bioremediation Strategy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010101. [PMID: 35056550 PMCID: PMC8779034 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Towards chlorinated solvents, the effectiveness of the remediation strategy can be improved by combining a biological approach (e.g., anaerobic reductive dechlorination) with chemical/physical treatments (e.g., adsorption). A coupled adsorption and biodegradation (CAB) process for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal is proposed in a biofilm-biochar reactor (BBR) to assess whether biochar from pine wood (PWB) can support a dechlorinating biofilm by combining the TCE (100 µM) adsorption. The BBR operated for eight months in parallel with a biofilm reactor (BR)-no PWB (biological process alone), and with an abiotic biochar reactor (ABR)-no dechlorinating biofilm (only an adsorption mechanism). Two flow rates were investigated. Compared to the BR, which resulted in a TCE removal of 86.9 ± 11.9% and 78.73 ± 19.79%, the BBR demonstrated that PWB effectively adsorbs TCE and slows down the release of its intermediates. The elimination of TCE was quantitative, with 99.61 ± 0.79% and 99.87 ± 0.51% TCE removal. Interestingly, the biomarker of the reductive dechlorination process, Dehalococcoides mccartyi, was found in the BRR (9.2 × 105 16S rRNA gene copies/g), together with the specific genes tceA, bvcA, and vcrA (8.16 × 106, 1.28 × 105, and 8.01 × 103 gene copies/g, respectively). This study suggests the feasibility of biochar to support the reductive dechlorination of D. mccartyi, opening new frontiers for field-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bruna Matturro
- Water Research Institute (IRSA—CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (B.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Neda Amanat
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute (IRSA—CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (B.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Marco Petrangeli Papini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
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29
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Liu Z, Li Y, Li C, Thummavichai K, Feng C, Li Z, Liu S, Zhang S, Wang N, Zhu Y. MOF-derived biochar composites for enhanced high performance photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31900-31910. [PMID: 36380948 PMCID: PMC9641384 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar reinforced advanced nanocomposites are of interest to a wide circle of researchers. Herein, we describe a novel MOF-derived reinforced cow dung biochar composite, which was prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method to form the MOF MIL-125(Ti) onto a nitrogen and sulfur co-doped bio-carbon (NSCDBC). The UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum of NSCDBC/MIL-125(Ti) exhibits an extension of light absorption in the visible region (360–800 nm), indicating its higher visible light capture capacity relative to pure MIL-125(Ti). The photocatalytic activity results show that all the NSCDBC/MIL-125(Ti) composite samples, namely NSCM-5, NSCM-10, NSCM-20 and NSCM-30 display good performance in the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride compared to pure MIL-125(Ti). Among them, NSCM-20 exhibits the highest catalytic activity with a removal rate of 94.62%, which is attributed to the excellent adsorption ability of NSCDBC and the ability to inhibit the complexation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Photoluminescence verifies that the loading of biochar successfully enhances the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Subsequently, the active species in the photocatalytic process are identified by using electron spin resonance spin-trap techniques and free radical trapping experiments. Finally, the possible reaction mechanism for the photocatalytic process is revealed. These results confirm that NSCDBC/MIL-125(Ti) is a potentially low-cost, green photocatalyst for water quality improvement. Schematic diagram of fabricating process of NSCDBC/MIL-125(Ti).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yi Li
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chen Li
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kunyapat Thummavichai
- College of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Chen Feng
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Song Liu
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Resources, Environment and Materials. Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
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30
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Kaikiti K, Stylianou M, Agapiou A. Development of food-origin biochars for the adsorption of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for environmental matrices. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125881. [PMID: 34555751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four novel fruit-derived biochars were developed: pomegranate peels (PB), prickly pear peels (PPB), carob (CB), and locust bean gum (LBGB). The feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 350 and 550 ℃ (under N2), respectively, and characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Elemental Analysis (EA), Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (B.E.T) analysis, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A systematic and comprehensive comparison for the adsorption of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by biochar was established. Cresol, dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), hexane, and benzene were examined as a function of contact time (30-480 min), mass (0.1-1 g), concentration levels (50-1000 ppbv), efficiency, and reusability, using the headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method. PB 550 ℃ revealed a specific surface area of 8.3 m2 g-1, the fastest complete removal, an ideal mass of 1 g, 3-times reuse, and ∼ 99% removal of 500 ppbv benzene, cresol, DMTS, and 100 ppbv hexane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Kaikiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marinos Stylianou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Agapios Agapiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
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31
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Chen Z, He Z, Zhou M, Xie M, He T, Zhao Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Xu Z. In-situ synthesis of biochar modified PbMoO 4: An efficient visible light-driven photocatalyst for tetracycline removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131260. [PMID: 34182280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
For highly efficient photocatalytic remediation of organic pollutants, broad-spectrum light response and effective charge separation are two key goals. To achieve these goals, a novel biochar (BC) modified PbMoO4 composite catalyst was successfully synthesized in situ by combining coprecipitation with pyrolysis treatment of poplar sawdust and the technical feasibility of degradation of tetracycline (TC) with compound photocatalyst prepared from recovered agricultural and forestry residues was preliminarily demonstrated. The characterization demonstrated that the presence of BC narrowed the bandgap, enhanced visible light absorption as well as facilitated charge separation. Three composites (with the mass ratio of PbMoO4 to BC = 1:4; 1:1; and 4:1, respectively) displayed higher activity than pure PbMoO4. The results showed that the composite with the PbMoO4 to BC ratio of 1:4 exhibited the best photocatalytic activity, for 150 mg L-1 TC the removal rate was 61.0%, and the rate constant was 8.1 × 10-3 min-1, while the photocatalytic activity of PbMoO4 was 26.0% and 3.9 × 10-3 min-1. The reactions in the presence of radical quenchers indicated that holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (O2-) were the dominant active species for photodegradation. In different water matrices, for 150 mg L-1 TC solution the photocatalytic activity of optimal photocatalyst decreased as follows: ultrapure water > artificial sewage > farm sewage > municipal sewage. Moreover, the catalyst exhibited good stability over five cycles. Therefore, BC doped PbMoO4 provides a useful strategy for improving the photocatalytic ability of PbMoO4-based photocatalysts and offers a promising method for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Chen
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Zhengping He
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Meilin Xie
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Tianpei He
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yunlin Zhao
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Forest Ecological Technology in Southern China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yaohui Wu
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Forest Ecological Technology in Southern China, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Zhenggang Xu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shanxi, 712100, China.
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32
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Başer B, Yousaf B, Yetis U, Abbas Q, Kwon EE, Wang S, Bolan NS, Rinklebe J. Formation of nitrogen functionalities in biochar materials and their role in the mitigation of hazardous emerging organic pollutants from wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126131. [PMID: 34492923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) are serious environmental concerns known for their prominent adverse and hazardous ecological effects, and persistence in nature. Their detrimental impacts have inspired researchers to develop the strategic tools that reduce and overcome the challenges caused by EOPs' rising concentration. As such, biochar becomes as a promising class of biomass-derived functional materials that can be used as low-cost and environmentally-friendly emerging catalysts to remove EOPs. Herein, in-depth synthetic strategies and formation mechanisms of biochar-based nitrogen functionalities during thermochemical conversion are presented. Most prominently, the factors affecting N-surface functionalities in biochar are discussed, emphasizing the most effective N-doping approach, including intrinsic N-doping from biomass feedstock and extrinsic N-doping from exogenous sources. Moreover, biochar-assisted EOPs removal in line with interactions of nitrogen functionalities and contaminants are discussed. The possible reaction mechanisms, i.e., radical and non-radical degradation, physical adsorption, Lewis acid-base interaction, and chemisorption, driven by N-functionalities, are addressed. The unresolved challenges of the potential applications of biochar-mediated functionalities for EOPs removal are emphasized and the outlooks of future research directions are proposed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begüm Başer
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Balal Yousaf
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Ulku Yetis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Qumber Abbas
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196W Huayang Rd, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW - 2308, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, South Korea
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Preparation and Characterization of Physicochemical Properties of Spruce Cone Biochars Activated by CO 2. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143859. [PMID: 34300777 PMCID: PMC8306995 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this study the pyrolysis of Norway spruce cones, a lignocellulosic biomass was made. The biochar product was obtained by means of the physical activation method. CO2 was used as the activating gas. The surface properties of biochars were characterized by the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS), X-ray fluorescence energy dispersion spectroscopy (ED-XRF), thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and the Boehm’s titration method as well as the point of zero charge (pHpzc). The adsorption capacity and the possibility of ammonia desorption (TPD) were also examined. It has been shown that spruce cones can be successfully used as a cheap precursor of well-developed surface biochars, characterized by a large pore volume and good sorption properties. All obtained activated biochars exhibit a largely microporous structure and an acidic character surface. The investigated activated materials have the specific surface areas from 112 to 1181 m2 g−1. The maximum NH3 adsorption capacity of the activated biochar was determined to be 5.18 mg g−1 (88.22 mmol g−1) at 0 °C. These results indicate the applicability of spruce cones as a cheap precursor for the sustainable production of the cost-effective and environmentally friendly biochar adsorbent.
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