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Renzetti S, van Thriel C, Lucchini RG, Smith DR, Peli M, Borgese L, Cirelli P, Bilo F, Patrono A, Cagna G, Rechtman E, Idili S, Ongaro E, Calza S, Rota M, Wright RO, Claus Henn B, Horton MK, Placidi D. A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00687-6. [PMID: 38802534 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal exposures can adversely impact olfactory function. Few studies have examined this association in children. Further, metal exposure occurs as a mixture, yet previous studies of metal-associated olfactory dysfunction only examined individual metals. Preventing olfactory dysfunctions can improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases with long-term health implications. OBJECTIVE We aimed to test the association between exposure to a mixture of 12 metals measured in environmental sources and olfactory function among children and adolescents residing in the industrialized province of Brescia, Italy. METHODS We enrolled 130 children between 6 and 13 years old (51.5% females) and used the "Sniffin' Sticks" test to measure olfactory performance in identifying smells. We used a portable X-ray fluorescence instrument to determine concentrations of metals (arsenic (As), calcium, cadmium (Cd), chromium, copper, iron, manganese, lead (Pb), antimony, titanium, vanadium and zinc) in outdoor and indoor deposited dust and soil samples collected from participants' households. We used an extension of weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to test the association between exposure to metal mixtures in multiple environmental media and olfactory function adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, intelligence quotient and parents' smoking status. RESULTS A higher multi-source mixture was significantly associated with a reduced Sniffin' Sticks identification score (β = -0.228; 95% CI -0.433, -0.020). Indoor dust concentrations of Pb, Cd and As provided the strongest contributions to this association (13.8%, 13.3% and 10.1%, respectively). The metal mixture in indoor dust contributed more (for 8 metals out of 12) to the association between metals and olfactory function compared to soil or outdoor dust. IMPACT STATEMENT Among a mixture of 12 metals measured in three different environmental sources (soil, outdoor and indoor dust), we identified Pb, Cd and As measured in indoor dust as the main contributors to reduced olfactory function in children and adolescents residing in an industrialized area. Exposure to indoor pollution can be effectively reduced through individual and public health interventions allowing to prevent the deterioration of olfactory functions. Moreover, the identification of the factors that can deteriorate olfactory functions can be a helpful instrument to improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases as long-term health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Christoph van Thriel
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Neurotoxicology and Chemosensation, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Biochemical, Biomedical and Neurosciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Marco Peli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Borgese
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Cirelli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabjola Bilo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Patrono
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elza Rechtman
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefania Idili
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Ongaro
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Rota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan K Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Lucchini R, Tieu K. Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1190. [PMID: 37627255 PMCID: PMC10452806 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure has evolved from acute, high-level exposure causing manganism to low, chronic lifetime exposure. In this latter scenario, the target areas extend beyond the globus pallidus (as seen with manganism) to the entire basal ganglia, including the substantia nigra pars compacta. This change of exposure paradigm has prompted numerous epidemiological investigations of the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD), or parkinsonism, due to the long-term impact of Mn. In parallel, experimental research has focused on the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of Mn and its interactions with genetic susceptibility. In this review, we provide evidence from both types of studies, with the aim to link the epidemiological data with the potential mechanistic interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Kim Tieu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Wi E, Park E, Shin H, Hong J, Jeong S, Kwon JT, Lee H, Lee J, Kim Y. Overall distribution of tire-wear particles, nano‑carbon black, and heavy metals in size-fractionated road dust collected from steel industrial complexes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163878. [PMID: 37142046 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tire-wear particles (TWP) from vehicles serves as a non-exhaust emission source. The mass content of metallic species in road dust may increase owing to the traffic of heavy vehicles and industrial activity; consequently, metallic particles are also present in road dust. Herein, road dust collected from steel industrial complexes with high traffic of high-weight vehicles and the composition distribution of five size-fractioned particle sizes were analyzed. Road dust samples were collected from three areas near steelmaking complexes. The mass distribution of TWP, carbon black (CB), bituminous coal, and heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Ni, As, Cu, Cd, and Hg) in different size fractions of road dust was quantified by combining four different analytical techniques. In the magnetic separation for <45 μm fraction, 34.4 wt% and 50.9 wt% was removed for steelmaking and steel-related industrial complexes, respectively. As the particle size decreased, the mass content of Fe, Mn, and TWP increased. The enrichment factors of Mn, Zn, and Ni were higher than two, indicating that they were related to industrial activities in steel complexes. The maximum concentrations of TWP and CB originating from the vehicle varied depending on the region and particle size range: TWP 2.066 wt% at 45-75 μm (industrial complex) and CB 5.559 wt% at 75-160 μm (steel complex). Coal was only found in the steel complex. Finally, to reduce the exposure of the finest particles to road dust, three methods were suggested. Magnetic fraction must be removed from road dust using magnetic separation; the fly dust of coal during transportation must be suppressed, and covers must be used in coal yards; the mass contents of TWP and CB in road dust should be removed by vacuum cleaning instead of water flushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Wi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehwan Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohee Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Taek Kwon
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22733, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22733, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22733, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Junusbekov MM, Akbasova AD, Seidakbarova AD, Koishiyeva GZ, Sainova GA. Ecological assessment of soil contamination by heavy metals affected in the past by the lead-zinc mining and processing complex in Kentau, Kazakhstan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:586. [PMID: 37074563 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymetallic ore processing plants are serious sources of heavy metal pollution. The present study examined the degree of pollution of surface soils with the metals zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper in the single-industry town of Kentau, Kazakhstan, where an enterprise for the processing of lead-zinc ore has been operating for a long time. This enterprise ceased operations in 1994, and this study may be of interest in terms of assessing the current ecological state of urban soils after a 27-year period of possible soil self-cleaning processes. The study showed that the surface soils of Kentau retain fairly high concentrations of metals. The maximum detected concentrations of zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper were 592 mg/kg, 1.651 mg/kg, 462 mg/kg, and 82.5 mg/kg, respectively. According to the classification of the geoaccumulation index, the soils of the town belong to pollution classes II, III, and IV with moderate and strong pollution. The calculated potential ecological risk factor indicates that cadmium poses a considerable potential ecological risk, while lead showed a moderate ecological risk. In general, according to the obtained values of potential ecological risk factors, metals can be arranged in the following order: Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu. In this study, a five-step sequential extraction procedure by the method of A. Tessier was used, and the mobility factors of metals were calculated. Based on the data obtained, it was found that cadmium and lead have the highest mobility and, consequently, availability for biota in modern conditions, which may pose a potential risk to public health in the town.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat M Junusbekov
- Research Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Amankul D Akbasova
- Research Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur D Seidakbarova
- Research Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnar Zh Koishiyeva
- Research Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gaukhar A Sainova
- Research Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Olowoyo JO, Lion N, Unathi T, Oladeji OM. Concentrations of Pb and Other Associated Elements in Soil Dust 15 Years after the Introduction of Unleaded Fuel and the Human Health Implications in Pretoria, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10238. [PMID: 36011873 PMCID: PMC9408104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaded fuel has been reported to contain certain amounts of toxic trace metals such as Pb and Cadmium (Cd), which may have negative impacts on humans and the environment. Unleaded fuel was introduced to South Africa in 2006 with the aim of reducing and eventually eliminating the negative impact of leaded fuel on the environment. However, trace metals are usually nonbiodegradable, and it may therefore be necessary to monitor their presence in the environment so as to evaluate their possible impact on human health. The present study evaluated the levels of Pb and other heavy metals in soil samples collected from petrol (gas) filling stations and from busy roads just around the filling stations in Pretoria, South Africa, fifteen years after the introduction of unleaded fuel. A total of twenty-four (24) soil samples were analysed for lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and cadmium (Cd) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the concentrations of the trace metals were in the following ranges: Pb, 0.08 ± 0.02−188.36 ± 15.32 ug/g; Mn, 5.35 ± 0.34−6842.43 ± 1.35 ug/g; Zn, 1.82 ± 0.22−9814.89 ± 22.32 ug/g; As, 0.21 ± 0.00−8.42 ± 2.44 ug/g; Cu, 10.51 ± 3.41−859 ± 0.09 ug/g; Cr, 5.80 ± 2.21−417.70 ± 9.08 ug/g; Ti, 19.94 ± 4.99−1036.12 ± 1.49 ug/g; and Fe, 3.06 ± 7.87−674.07 ± 12.22 mg/g. The highest concentrations from all the elements were recorded for Fe in all the collected soil samples. The concentrations of Pb in the soils collected from sites associated with high traffic and industrial areas were higher than for those from all other sites, and the differences were significant (p < 0.05). The pollution index (PI), which is the anthropogenic influence of the trace metals, and the geoaccumulation (Igeo), which allows for the removal of possible variations as regards the studied element in the soil due to the possible differences in the background value, showed that some samples were enriched anthropogenically. The PI for Ni, Pb, Cu, and Cr indicated highly anthropogenically contaminated soils, especially at sites associated with high traffic volumes and in industrial areas. The Igeo showed moderately polluted areas for Pb and Cu in high-traffic areas. The exposure routes for the toxic trace metals that were of concern in the study were either through ingestion or dermal contact. The calculated hazard quotient showed both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for Fe and Mn via ingestion and through dermal contact for both children and adults, respectively. The concentrations of Pb were high and similar to those that were previously reported in the study and pointed to vehicular emission as one of the contributors. The study also noticed an increase in the presence of Mn and Fe in all soil samples.
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Belingheri M, Chiu YHM, Renzetti S, Bhasin D, Wen C, Placidi D, Oppini M, Covolo L, Padovani A, Lucchini RG. Relationships of Nutritional Factors and Agrochemical Exposure with Parkinson's Disease in the Province of Brescia, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3309. [PMID: 35328997 PMCID: PMC8954923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposures to agrochemicals and nutritional factors may be associated with Parkinson's Disease (PD). None of the studies to date has examined the combined effects of diet and agricultural chemical exposure together. To address these research gaps, we aimed to assess the association of nutritional factors and agrochemical exposure with the risk of PD. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate the association of nutritional and agrochemical exposures with PD, adjusting for gender, age, socio-economic status, head injury, family history, smoking, metals exposure, and α-synuclein gene polymorphism. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression was applied to examine the effect of dietary components as a mixture. We recruited 347 cases and 389 controls. Parent history of PD (OR = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.10, 8.20), metals exposure (OR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.61-3.89), SNCA rs356219 polymorphism (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.04-1.87 for TC vs. TT; OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.43-3.28 for CC vs. TT), agrochemical exposures (OR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.41-3.16), and being born in the Brescia province (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.17-2.90) were significantly associated with PD. Conversely, fish intake and coffee consumption had a protective effect. The study confirmed the role of environmental exposures in the genesis of PD. Fish intake and coffee consumption are protective factors even when agricultural chemical exposures exist. Genetic factors and metals exposure were confirmed as risk factors for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Belingheri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20090 Monza, Italy
| | - Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Deepika Bhasin
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Chi Wen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Loredana Covolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 11200, USA
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Guo Z, Yang J, Sarkodie EK, Li K, Deng Y, Meng D, Miao B, Liu H, Liang Y, Yin H, Liu X, Jiang L. Vertical distribution of the toxic metal(loid)s chemical fraction and microbial community in waste heap at a nonferrous metal mining site. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113037. [PMID: 34856484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, nonferrous mining has produced numerous waste rock and part of the waste that has not been properly treated was generally dumped at roadsides and hill slopes. However, the vertical distributions of toxic metal(loid)s and composition of microbial communities in waste heap and the under-laid pristine soil are rarely studied. In this work, the fraction-related distributions of toxic metal(loid)s were investigated at a waste heap profile and the indigenous microbial assemblages were also analyzed by Illumina sequencing of 16 s rRNA genes. Results showed that compared to the under-laid pristine soil, content of toxic metal(loid)s, especially Cd, As and Pb, in waste rock layer were higher. Most of As in subsoil existed as non-specifically sorbed and specifically-sorbed fractions, which could be ascribed to the migration from the upper layer. The mobility was significantly correlated with Eh, EC, clay content, CEC and the total content of metal(loid)s. Phyla Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the microbial communities. The microbial community compositions at the genus level were similar, but their relative abundances were mainly influenced by pH, CEC, Eh, SOM, and bioavailability content of toxic metal(loid)s. Besides, microbial functions of elements (S, Fe, Mn and As) oxidation/reduction and metabolites (siderophore, biosurfactant, organic acid, phosphatase and urease) potentially were used for pollutants bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Guo
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiejie Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Emmanuel Konadu Sarkodie
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kewei Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Deng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Delong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bo Miao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yili Liang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Luhua Jiang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Ahado SK, Nwaogu C, Sarkodie VYO, Borůvka L. Modeling and Assessing the Spatial and Vertical Distributions of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil and How the Concentrations Differ. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9080181. [PMID: 34437499 PMCID: PMC8402386 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9080181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A healthy soil is a healthy ecosystem because humans, animals, plants, and water highly depend upon it. Soil pollution by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a serious concern for humankind. The study is aimed at (i) assessing the concentrations of PTEs in soils under a long-term heavily industrialized region for coal and textiles, (ii) modeling and mapping the spatial and vertical distributions of PTEs using a GIS-based ordinary kriging technique, and (iii) identifying the possible sources of these PTEs in the Jizerské Mountains (Jizera Mts.) using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Four hundred and forty-two (442) soil samples were analyzed by applying the aqua regia method. To assess the PTE contents, the level of pollution, and the distribution pattern in soil, the contamination factor (CF) and the pollution load index load (PLI) were applied. ArcGIS-based ordinary kriging interpolation was used for the spatial analysis of PTEs. The results of the analysis revealed that the variation in the coefficient (CV) of PTEs in the organic soil was highest in Cr (96.36%), followed by Cu (54.94%) and Pb (49.40%). On the other hand, the mineral soil had Cu (96.88%), Cr (66.70%), and Pb (64.48%) as the highest in CV. The PTEs in both the organic soil and the mineral soil revealed a high heterogeneous variability. Though the study area lies within the “Black Triangle”, which is a historic industrial site in Central Europe, this result did not show a substantial influence of the contamination of PTEs in the area. In spite of the rate of pollution in this area being very low based on the findings, there may be a need for intermittent assessment of the soil. This helps to curtail any excessive accumulation and escalation in future. The results may serve as baseline information for pollution assessment. It might support policy-developers in sustainable farming and forestry for the health of an ecosystem towards food security, forest safety, as well as animal and human welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Kudjo Ahado
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.K.A.); (V.Y.O.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Chukwudi Nwaogu
- Department of Environmental Management, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri 460114, Nigeria
- Department of Forest Protection and Entomology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Vincent Yaw Oppong Sarkodie
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.K.A.); (V.Y.O.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Luboš Borůvka
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.K.A.); (V.Y.O.S.); (L.B.)
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Zhou F, Xiao Y, Guo M, Tang Y, Zhang W, Qiu R. Selective Leaching of Rare Earth Elements from Ion-Adsorption Rare Earth Tailings: A Synergy between CeO 2 Reduction and Fe/Mn Stabilization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11328-11337. [PMID: 34310116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) motivates the development of novel strategies for cost-effective REE recovery from secondary sources, especially rare earth tailings. The biggest challenges in recovering REEs from ion-adsorption rare earth tailings are incomplete extraction of cerium (Ce) and the coleaching of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). Here, a synergistic process between reduction and stabilization was proposed by innovatively using elemental sulfur (S) as reductant for converting insoluble CeO2 into soluble Ce2(SO4)3 and transforming Fe and Mn oxides into inert FeFe2O4 and MnFe2O4 spinel minerals. After the calcination at 400 °C, 97.0% of Ce can be dissolved using a diluted sulfuric acid, along with only 3.67% of Fe and 23.3% of Mn leached out. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that CeO2 was indirectly reduced by the intermediates MnSO4 and FeS in the system. Density functional theory calculations indicated that Fe(II) and Mn(II) shared similar outer electron arrangements and coordination environments, favoring Mn(II) over Ce(III) as a replacement for Fe(II) in the FeO6 octahedral structure of FeFe2O4. Further investigation on the leaching process suggested that 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 is sufficient for the recovery of REEs (97.0%). This research provides a promising strategy to selectively recover REEs from mining tailings or secondary sources via controlling the mineral phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Ye Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Meina Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
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