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Liu Q, Chen J, Zhou Q, Hou Y, Li Z, Li W, Lv S, Ren N, Wang AJ, Huang C. Multi-omics analysis of nitrifying sludge under carbon disulfide stress: Nitrification performance and molecular mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121780. [PMID: 38761598 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a widely used enzyme inhibitor with cytotoxic properties, commonly employed in viscose fibers and cellophane production due to its non-polar characteristics. In industry, CS2 is often removed by aeration, however, residual CS2 may enter the wastewater treatment plants, impacting the performance of nitrifying sludge. Currently, there is a notable dearth of research on the response of nitrifying sludge to CS2-induced stress. This study delves into the alterations in the performance of nitrifying sludge under short-term and long-term CS2 stress, scrutinizes the toxic effects of CS2 on microbial cells, elucidates the succession of microbial community structure, and delineates changes in microbial metabolic products. The findings from short-term CS2 stress revealed that low concentrations of CS2 induced oxidative stress damage, which was subsequently repaired in cells. However, at concentrations of 100-200 mg/L, CS2 inhibited reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, which are associated with metabolic and antioxidant activities. The inhibition of nitrite oxidoreductase activity by high concentrations of CS2 was attributed to its impact on the enzyme's conformation. Prolonged CS2 stress resulted in an increase in the secretion of soluble extracellular polymeric substances in sludge, while CS2 was assimilated into sulfate. The analysis of sludge microbial community structure revealed a decline in the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter, which is associated with nitrification, and an increase in Sinomonas, involved in sulfur oxidation. Metabolite analysis results demonstrated that high concentrations of CS2 affect pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. This study elucidated the microbial response mechanism of nitrifying sludge under short-term and long-term CS2 stress. It also clarified the composition and function of microbial ecosystems, and identified key bacterial species and metabolites. It provides a basis for future research to reduce CS2 inhibition through approaches such as the addition of metal ions, the selection of efficient CS2-degrading strains, and the modification of strain metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Sihao Lv
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Cong Huang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Ma L, Zhao R, Li J, Yang Q, Zou K. Release characteristics and risk assessment of volatile sulfur compounds in municipal wastewater treatment plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123946. [PMID: 38643932 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the malodorous gases generated by sewage treatment plants have gradually received widespread attention due to their sensory stimulation and health hazards. The emission concentration, sensory evaluation and health risk assessment of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were all explored in two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with oxidation ditch and anaerobic/oxic treatment process, respectively. The VSCs concentration showed the highest amount in the primary treatment unit in both the two WWTPs (73.3% in Plant A and 93.0% in Plant B), while the H2S took the main role in the composition of VSCs. However, H2S took a larger percentage in Plant A (84.5% ∼ 87.0%) rather than Plant B (61.2% ∼ 83.5%), which may be due to the different operating conditions and sludge properties in different treatment process. Besides, H2S also gained the first rank in the sensory evaluation and health risk assessment, which may cause considerable sensory irritation and health risk to workers and surrounding residents. Furthermore, the influencing factor analyses of VSCs emission showed that the temperature of water and air, ORP of sludge made the greatest effect on VSCs release. This study provides theoretical and data support for the research of VSCs emission control in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control in Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Ruhan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Qing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Kehua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control in Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
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Xiao X, Kuang K, Tang Z, Yang X, Wu H, Wang Y, Fang P. Emission and spatial variation characteristics of odorous pollutants in the aerobic tank of an underground wastewater treatment plant (UWWTP) in southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123631. [PMID: 38395135 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the spatial concentration of odorous pollutants in the aerobic tank of an underground wastewater treatment plant (UWWTP) in southern China is monitored. The odour activity value, odour contribution rate, and chemical concentration contribution rate are used to evaluate the degree of contribution of odorous substances. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of odorous pollutant diffusion are also established. The study shows that the odorous substances detected in the aerobic tank mainly included ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), trimethylamine (C3H9N), and methanethiol (CH3SH), and their concentrations are 1.160, 0.778, 0.022, and 0.0006 mg/m3, respectively. The total odour activity value of the aerobic tank is 450.72 (dimensionless), of which the odour activity value of H2S is 432.22, and the contribution rate reaches 95.9%. H2S is the main contributor to odour and a key controlled substance. The air inlets and exhaust outlets in the aerobic tank are cross-arranged at the top of the space, and the CFD model of odorous pollutant diffusion shows that the gas flow organization determines the odorous pollutant diffusion. The spatial distribution of gas flow and odorous substances in the aerobic tank is relatively uniform, and the odour collection efficiency is higher. The production flux and production coefficient of H2S in the aerobic tank are calculated as 25.831 mg/(m2·h) and 14.149 mg/t, respectively. This study determines the reasonable air supply and exhaust design of the aerobic tank, the number of odour pollutants, and the key controlled substances. These findings offer guidance and serve as useful references for the prevention and control of odour pollution in aerobic tanks of the same type of UWWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ke Kuang
- Guangzhou Sewage Purification Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zijun Tang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xia Yang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haiwen Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ping Fang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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Pasquarelli F, Oliva G, Mariniello A, Buonerba A, Li CW, Belgiorno V, Naddeo V, Zarra T. Carbon neutrality in wastewater treatment plants: An integrated biotechnological-based solution for nutrients recovery, odour abatement and CO 2 conversion in alternative energy drivers. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141700. [PMID: 38490615 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants play a crucial role in water security and sanitation, ensuring ecosystems balance and avoiding significant negative effects on humans and environment. However, they determine also negative pressures, including greenhouse gas and odourous emissions, which should be minimized to mitigate climate changes besides avoiding complaints. The research has been focused on the validation of an innovative integrated biological system for the sustainable treatment of complex gaseous emissions from wastewater treatment plants. The proposed system consists of a moving bed biofilm reactor coupled with an algal photobioreactor, with the dual objective of: i) reducing the inlet concentration of the odourous contaminants (in this case, hydrogen sulphide, toluene and p-xylene); ii) capturing and converting the carbon dioxide emissions produced by the degradation process into exploitable algal biomass. The first reactor promoted the degradation of chemical compounds up to 99.57% for an inlet load (IL) of 22.97 g m-3 d-1 while the second allowed the capture of the CO2 resulting from the degradation of gaseous compounds, with biofixation rate up to 81.55%. The absorbed CO2 was converted in valuable feedstocks, with a maximum algal biomass productivity in aPBR of 0.22 g L-1 d-1. Dairy wastewater has been used as alternative nutrient source for both reactors, with a view of reusing wastewater while cultivating biomass, framing the proposed technology in a context of a biorefinery within a circular economy perspective. The biomass produced in the algal photobioreactor was indeed characterized by a high lipid content, with a maximum percentage of lipids per dry weight biomass of 35%. The biomass can therefore be exploited for the production of alternative and clean energy carrier. The proposed biotechnology represents an effective tool for shifiting the conventional plants in carbon neutral platform for implementing principles of ecological transition while achieving high levels of environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pasquarelli
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Oliva
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Aniello Mariniello
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Antonio Buonerba
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084, via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Chi-Wang Li
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Vincenzo Belgiorno
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Zarra
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
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Ma L, Zhao R, Li J, Yang Q, Liu Y. Release characteristics and risk assessment of volatile sulfur compounds in a municipal wastewater treatment plant with odor collection device. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120321. [PMID: 38377755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to the malodorous effects and health risks of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) emitted from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), odor collection devices have been extensively utilized; however, their effectiveness has rarely been tested. In the present investigation, the characteristics of VSCs released in a WWTP equipped with gas collection hoods are methodically examined by gas chromatography. The obtained results indicate that the concentration of VSCs in the ambient air can be substantially reduced, and the primary treatment unit still achieves the highest concentration of VSCs. Compared to WWTPs without odor collection devices, the concentration of H2S in this WWTP is not dominant, but its sensory effects and health risks are still not negligible. Additionally, research on the emission of VSCs from sludge reveals that the total VSCs emitted from dewatering sludge reaches the highest level. Volatile organic sulfur compounds play a dominant role in the component and sensory effects of VSCs released by sludge. This study provides both data and theoretical support for analyzing the effectiveness of odor collection devices in WWTPs, as well as reducing the source of VSCs. The findings can be effectively employed to optimize these devices and improve their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Ruhan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yong Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
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He X, Huang XH, Ma Y, Huang C, Yu JZ. Unambiguous Analysis and Systematic Mapping of Oxygenated Aromatic Compounds in Atmospheric Aerosols Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1880-1889. [PMID: 38253570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Compositional analysis of organic aerosols (OAs) at the molecular level has been a long-standing challenge in field and laboratory studies. In this work, we applied different extraction protocols to aerosol samples collected from the ambient atmosphere and biomass burning sources, followed by Orbitrap mass spectrometric analysis with a soft electrospray ionization source operating in both positive and negative ionization modes. To systematically map the distribution of mono- and dioxygenated aromatic compounds (referred to as aromatic CHO1 and CHO2 formulas) in OA, we developed a unique two-dimensional Kendrick mass defect (2D KMD) framework. Our analysis unveiled a total of (76, 64, 70) aromatic CHO1 formulas and (103, 110, 106) CHO2 formulas, corresponding to samples obtained from ambient air, rice straw burning, and sugarcane leaf burning, respectively. These results reveal a significant number of additional distinct formulas exclusively present in ambient samples, suggesting a significant chemical transformation of OAs in the atmosphere. The analytical approach can be further extended to incorporate multiple layers of 2D KMD, enabling systematic mapping of the unexplored chemical space for complex environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaohui Hilda Huang
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingge Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jian Zhen Yu
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
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Lee J, Lee S, Lin KYA, Jung S, Kwon EE. Abatement of odor emissions from wastewater treatment plants using biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122426. [PMID: 37607647 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Odor is a critical environmental problem that negatively affects people's quality of life. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) often emit various odorous compounds, such as ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and organosulfur. Abatement of odor emissions from WWTPs using biochar may contribute to achieving carbon neutrality due to the carbon negative nature, CO2 sorption, and negative priming effects of biochar. Biochar has a high specific surface area and microporous structure with appropriate activation, which is suitable for sorption purposes. Various research directions have been proposed to determine the biochar removal efficiency for different odorants released from WWTPs. According to the literature survey, the pre- and post-treatments (e.g., thermal treatment, chemical treatment, and metal impregnation) of biochar could enhance the removal capacity for the odorants emitted from WWTPs at comparable conditions, compared to unmodified biochar. The feedstock and production condition (particularly, pyrolysis temperature) of a biochar and initial concentration of an odorant markedly affect the biochar's odorant removal capacity and efficiency. Moreover, different adsorption systems for the removal of odorants emitted from WWTPs follow different adsorption models. Further research is required to establish the practical use of biochar for the mitigation of odors released from WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sungyup Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Kasper PL, Feilberg A. Regenerative one-stage catalytic absorption process with cupric ions for removal of reduced sulfur compounds in polluted air. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3926-3936. [PMID: 35574816 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2077132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reduced volatile sulfur compounds emitted from e.g. livestock production and biogas production facilities contribute to general air pollution and local odour nuisance. Improved technologies are required to mitigate the emissions of both hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compounds. The present study examines the oxidative absorption of reduced sulfur compounds, i.e. hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide in a wet oxidation process with cupric chloride. It was found that this process efficiently removes both hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol with removal efficiencies >94% under all process conditions tested, while the removal of dimethyl sulfide was in the range 20-40%. The main products determined were dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide and elemental sulfur. It was shown that the process was more efficient than the similar process with ferric ions and higher removal could be obtained with lower residence times. Furthermore, though employing cupric ion as metal catalysts results in the production of gaseous sulfur compounds, it is estimated that this process is efficient for deodorization due to the higher odour threshold values of the product compounds and the pH range is optimal for gas streams containing CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Lund Kasper
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
- SEGES, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anders Feilberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Xu Z, Yang Q, Jiang X, Dong Y, Hu Z, Shi L, Zhao R. Multi-dimension analysis of volatile sulfur compound emissions from an urban wastewater treatment plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118632. [PMID: 37499412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Long-term monitoring of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) released at the water-air interface from different treatment units of an anaerobic/oxic (A/O) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was carried out to assess the temporal and spatial emission characteristics of VSCs, to explore relationships between wastewater quality and VSC release. The VSC from non-aerated and aerated units were collected using dynamic and static chambers, respectively, and determined using gas chromatography. The VSC emission fluxes diminished in the order of primary sedimentation tank (PST) > anaerobic areas (ANA) > oxic section 1 (OX1). VSCs were not detected in the oxic section 2 (OX2), the oxic areas section 3 (OX3), and the final setting basin (FSB). Release capacities of VSCs descended in the order of summer > fall > spring > winter, with July, August, and September being the months with the highest VSC release capacities. VSC emission fluxes correlated well with wastewater temperatures, sulfate concentrations, and COD. VSC emission flux empirical equations based on wastewater temperature, sulfate concentrations, and COD were established. Based on the established VSC emission empirical equation, a control strategy to reduce the operating costs of deodorization facilities was proposed. This strategy is economically efficient and reduces the consumption of electrical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongze Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Qing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Xiancong Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yufan Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zhanhong Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Ruhan Zhao
- Xuchang Electrical Vocational College, Xuchang, 461002, China
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Czarnota J, Masłoń A, Pajura R. Wastewater Treatment Plants as a Source of Malodorous Substances Hazardous to Health, Including a Case Study from Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5379. [PMID: 37047993 PMCID: PMC10093992 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Using Poland as an example, it was shown that 41.6% of the requests for intervention in 2016-2021 by Environmental Protection Inspections were related to odour nuisance. Further analysis of the statistical data confirmed that approximately 5.4% of wastewater treatment plants in the group of municipal facilities were subject to complaints. Detailed identification of the subject of odour nuisance at wastewater treatment plants identified hydrogen sulphide (H2S), ammonia (NH3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as the most common malodorous substances within these facilities. Moreover, the concentrations of hydrogen sulphide and ammonia exceed the reference values for some substances in the air (0.02 mg/m3 for H2S and 0.4 mg/m3 for NH3). A thorough assessment of the properties of these substances made it clear that even in small concentrations they have a negative impact on the human body and the environment, and their degree of nuisance is described as high. In the two WWTPs analysed in Poland (WWTP 1 and WWTP 2), hydrogen sulphide concentrations were in the range of 0-41.86 mg/m3 (Long-Term Exposure Limit for H2S is 7.0 mg/m3), ammonia 0-1.43 mg/m3 and VOCs 0.60-134.79 ppm. The values recognised for H2S cause lacrimation, coughing, olfactory impairment, psychomotor agitation, and swelling of the cornea with photophobia. Recognition of the methods used in practice at WWTPs to reduce and control malodorous emissions indicates the possibility of protecting the environment and human health, but these solutions are ignored in most facilities due to the lack of requirements specified in legislation.
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Guo Y, Wang H, Yang B, Shu J, Jiang K, Yu Z, Zhang Z, Li Z, Huang J, Wei Z. An ultrasensitive SPI/PAI ion source based on a high-flux VUV lamp and its applications for the online mass spectrometric detection of sub-pptv sulfur ethers. Talanta 2022; 247:123558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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González D, Colón J, Sánchez A, Gabriel D. Multipoint characterization of the emission of odour, volatile organic compounds and greenhouse gases from a full-scale membrane-based municipal WWTP. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:115002. [PMID: 35390658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Different environmental and social concerns can arise due to the generation of gaseous emissions during the treatment of urban wastewater. However, there is not an extensive knowledge about which are the main potential odour and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission sources in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and their variability. In this study, a multipoint characterization of the gaseous emissions generated in a full-scale municipal WWTP located in Barcelona was conducted, aiming at identifying the main odour and GHG emission sources. The WWTP under study treats an average inlet flow of 33,000 m3 d-1 using a Ludzack-Ettinger system with Membrane BioReactor (MBR) technology, and it has installed a gas caption and treatment system consisting of a biotrickling filter followed by a conventional biofilter to treat part of the off-gases produced during the wastewater treatment. For this work, gaseous emissions characterization campaigns were conducted to assess the proper performance of the gas treatment unit and to estimate the emission factors referred to odorants and GHGs for the different emission sources and to assess the proper performance of the gas treatment system. Besides, a chemical characterization of the different volatile organic compounds (VOC) present in the gaseous emissions was performed through TD-GC/MS. The main potential odour sources were the reception tank, the barscreens building and the primary settler, where odour concentrations were in the range of 1300 and 2600 ou·m-3. Moreover, GHG emissions were found during the primary treatment and in the MBR units, ranging from 2.21 to 68,217.13 mg CO2eq·m-3. Different VOCs such as aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes and ketones were found in the gaseous emissions with a high variability among all the emission sources. The results obtained are valuable indicators that can be used to develop odour and GHG mitigation strategies in WWTPs and to estimate the environmental impact of these facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González
- Composting Research Group (GICOM) Dept. of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Biological Treatment of Liquid and Gaseous Effluents (GENOCOV) Dept. of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Colón
- BETA Technology Centre: "U Science Tech", University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- Composting Research Group (GICOM) Dept. of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gabriel
- Group of Biological Treatment of Liquid and Gaseous Effluents (GENOCOV) Dept. of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Santiago JB, Sevilla FB. Smartphone-based digital colorimetric measurement of dimethyl sulfide in wastewater. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Li R, Han Z, Shen H, Qi F, Sun D. Volatile sulfur compound emissions and health risk assessment from an A 2/O wastewater treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148741. [PMID: 34323741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anoxic/anaerobic/oxic (A2/O) wastewater treatment has emerged as a major process for treatment of domestic wastewater. One of the issues with wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is that volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are discharged from them and pose numerous health risks. This study characterized VSC emissions at the water-air interface and concentrations of ambient air exposure from different treatment units in an A2/O WWTP. AERMOD modeling was used to simulate the atmospheric behaviors of discharged VSCs. Results demonstrated that VSC emission fluxes and exposure concentrations had followed a descending order of pretreatment>biological treatment>advanced treatment. Emissions were affected by sulfate concentrations and chemical oxygen demand in the wastewater, and control strategies based on these values were proposed. The AERMOD results indicated that the majority of the total hydrogen sulfide (87%) and methyl mercaptan (65%) emissions came from the primary sedimentation tank, while the majority of dimethyl sulfide (81%), carbon disulfide (84%), and dimethyl disulfide (93%) were emitted from the oxic area. MT and DMS were the main odorous components of the VSCs in ambient air based on the indicator of odor activity values. Noncancer health risks, determined by having a hazard quotient >1, of the measured VSCs were beyond acceptable limits. Overall, efforts should be made to minimize noncancer health risks as individuals are exposed to VSCs not only in treatment units but also in areas surrounding WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhangliang Han
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hanzhang Shen
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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