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Kadnikov VV, Ravin NV, Sokolova DS, Semenova EM, Bidzhieva SK, Beletsky AV, Ershov AP, Babich TL, Khisametdinov MR, Mardanov AV, Nazina TN. Metagenomic and Culture-Based Analyses of Microbial Communities from Petroleum Reservoirs with High-Salinity Formation Water, and Their Biotechnological Potential. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1300. [PMID: 37887010 PMCID: PMC10604348 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The reserves of light conditional oil in reservoirs with low-salinity formation water are decreasing worldwide, necessitating the extraction of heavy oil from petroleum reservoirs with high-salinity formation water. As the first stage of defining the microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) strategies for depleted petroleum reservoirs, microbial community composition was studied for petroleum reservoirs with high-salinity formation water located in Tatarstan (Russia) using metagenomic and culture-based approaches. Bacteria of the phyla Desulfobacterota, Halanaerobiaeota, Sinergistota, Pseudomonadota, and Bacillota were revealed using 16S rRNA-based high-throughput sequencing in halophilic microbial communities. Sulfidogenic bacteria predominated in the studied oil fields. The 75 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of prokaryotes reconstructed from water samples were assigned to 16 bacterial phyla, including Desulfobacterota, Bacillota, Pseudomonadota, Thermotogota, Actinobacteriota, Spirochaetota, and Patescibacteria, and to archaea of the phylum Halobacteriota (genus Methanohalophilus). Results of metagenomic analyses were supported by the isolation of 20 pure cultures of the genera Desulfoplanes, Halanaerobium, Geotoga, Sphaerochaeta, Tangfeifania, and Bacillus. The isolated halophilic fermentative bacteria produced oil-displacing metabolites (lower fatty acids, alcohols, and gases) from sugar-containing and proteinaceous substrates, which testify their potential for MEOR. However, organic substrates stimulated the growth of sulfidogenic bacteria, in addition to fermenters. Methods for enhanced oil recovery should therefore be developed, combining the production of oil-displacing compounds with fermentative bacteria and the suppression of sulfidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V. Kadnikov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.K.); (N.V.R.); (A.V.B.); (A.V.M.)
| | - Nikolai V. Ravin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.K.); (N.V.R.); (A.V.B.); (A.V.M.)
| | - Diyana S. Sokolova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
| | - Ekaterina M. Semenova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
| | - Salimat K. Bidzhieva
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
| | - Alexey V. Beletsky
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.K.); (N.V.R.); (A.V.B.); (A.V.M.)
| | - Alexey P. Ershov
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
| | - Tamara L. Babich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
| | - Marat R. Khisametdinov
- Tatar Scientific Research and Design Institute of Oil “Tatneft”, 423236 Bugulma, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Mardanov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.K.); (N.V.R.); (A.V.B.); (A.V.M.)
| | - Tamara N. Nazina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (E.M.S.); (S.K.B.); (A.P.E.); (T.L.B.)
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Wang J, Wang C, Hu M, Bian L, Qu L, Sun H, Wu X, Ren G. Bacterial co-occurrence patterns are more complex but less stable than archaea in enhanced oil recovery applied oil reservoirs. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Zhou L, Wu J, Ji JH, Gao J, Liu YF, Wang B, Yang SZ, Gu JD, Mu BZ. Characteristics of microbiota, core sulfate-reducing taxa and corrosion rates in production water from five petroleum reservoirs in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159861. [PMID: 36397603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial diversity and activities in petroleum reservoir systems can be altered by water-flooding operation, but the current understanding of the mechanism for such changes in microbial composition characteristics and community is inadequate. In this study, microbial communities especially functional groups in production water from five petroleum reservoirs in China were investigated by chemical and molecular biological analyses. The dominant and core phyla in the five oil reservoirs were Proteobacteria, Deferribacterota, Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota, Euryarchaeota and Thermoplasmatota. At the genus level, the dominant taxa in each petroleum reservoir were different, and not all of the dominant genera were the core members across the five oil reservoirs. The microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) were investigated for the functional groups in each production water. The corrosion rates in production water were higher than controls with a positive correlation to the abundances of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP). The SRP diversity based on the aprA and dsrA gene analysis showed that obvious differences were evident between onshore (JS, SL, DQ and XJ) and offshore (BS) oilfields. The core SRP taxa in onshore oilfields were Desulfomicrobium and Desulfovibrio, also with Desulfotomaculum in medium/low-temperature oil reservoirs (DQ and XJ), but in high-temperature petroleum reservoirs (JS, BS and SL), Archaeoglobus, Thermodesulfobacterium and Thermodesulfovibrio were the core groups. Statistical analysis indicated that temperature, electron acceptors and donors showed significant influence on the SRP community. This research reveals the characteristics of microbial and functional community as well as their interaction mechanism on corrosion in petroleum reservoir environments, and will improve industrial bio-control and management of MIC in oilfields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jia-Heng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Biao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Jiangsu Oilfield, Sinopec, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shi-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Group, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Bo-Zhong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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pH and Nitrate Drive Bacterial Diversity in Oil Reservoirs at a Localized Geographic Scale. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010151. [PMID: 36677443 PMCID: PMC9865607 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oil reservoirs are one of the most important deep subsurface biospheres. They are inhabited by diverse microorganisms including bacteria and archaea with diverse metabolic activities. Although recent studies have investigated the microbial communities in oil reservoirs at large geographic scales, it is still not clear how the microbial communities assemble, as the variation in the environment may be confounded with geographic distance. In this work, the microbial communities in oil reservoirs from the same oil field were identified at a localized geographic scale. We found that although the injected water contained diverse exogenous microorganisms, this had little effect on the microbial composition of the produced water. The Neutral Community Model analysis showed that both bacterial and archaeal communities are dispersal limited even at a localized scale. Further analysis showed that both pH and nitrate concentrations drive the assembly of bacterial communities, of which nitrate negatively correlated with bacterial alpha diversity and pH differences positively correlated with the dissimilarity of bacterial communities. In contrast, the physiochemical parameters had little effect on archaeal communities at the localized scale. Our results suggest that the assembly of microbial communities in oil reservoirs is scale- and taxonomy-dependent. Our work provides a comprehensive analysis of microbial communities in oil reservoirs at a localized geographic scale, which improves the understanding of the assembly of the microbial communities in oil reservoirs.
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Negm NA, Altalhi AA, Saleh Mohamed NE, Kana MTHA, Mohamed EA. Growth Inhibition of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria during Gas and Oil Production Using Novel Schiff Base Diquaternary Biocides: Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Toxicological Assessment. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40098-40108. [PMID: 36385895 PMCID: PMC9647739 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Upstream crude oil production equipment is always exposed to destruction damagingly which is caused by sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) activities that produce H2S gas, which leads to increased metal corrosion (bio-fouling) rates and inflicts effective infrastructure damage. Hence, oil and gas reservoirs must be injected with biocides and inhibitors which still offer the foremost protection against harmful microbial activity. However, because of the economic and environmental risks associated with biocides, the oil and gas sectors improve better methods for their usage. This work describes the synthesis and evaluation of the biological activities as the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of a series of diquaternary cationic biocides that were studied during the inhibition of microbial biofilms. The prepared diquaternary compound was synthesized by coupling vanillin and 4-aminoantipyrene to achieve the corresponding Schiff base, followed by a quaternization reaction using 1,6-bromohexane, 1,8-bromooctane, and 1,12-bromododecane. The increase of their alkyl chain length from 6 to 12 methylene groups increased the obtained antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Antimicrobial efficacies of Q1-3 against various biofilm-forming microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, were examined utilizing the diameter of inhibition zone procedures. The results revealed that cytotoxic efficacies of Q1-3 were significantly associated mainly with maximum surface excess and interfacial characteristics. The cytotoxic efficiencies of Q1-3 biocides demonstrated promising results due to their comparatively higher efficacies against SRB. Q3 exhibited the highest cytotoxic biocide against the gram +ve, gram -ve, and SRB species according to the inhibition zone diameter test. The toxicity of the studied microorganisms depended on the nature and type of the target microorganism and the hydrophobicity of the biocide molecules. Cytotoxicity assessment and antimicrobial activity displayed increased activity by the increase in their alkyl chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabel A. Negm
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Petrochemicals, 1 Ahmed Elzommer Street, Nasr City, CairoEG 11776, Egypt
| | - Amal A. Altalhi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nermin E. Saleh Mohamed
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Petrochemicals, 1 Ahmed Elzommer Street, Nasr City, CairoEG 11776, Egypt
| | - Maram T. H. A. Kana
- National
Institute of LASER Enhanced Science, Cairo
University, Giza11776, Egypt
| | - Eslam A. Mohamed
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Petrochemicals, 1 Ahmed Elzommer Street, Nasr City, CairoEG 11776, Egypt
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Gao P, Li Y, Tian H, Li G, Zhao F, Xia W, Pan X, Gu JD, Le J, Jia C, Ma T. Bacterial and Archaeal Community Distribution in Oilfield Water Re-injection Facilities and the Influences from Microorganisms in Injected Water. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:1011-1028. [PMID: 34845558 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water flooding is widely employed for oil production worldwide. However, there has never been a systematic investigation of the microbial communities occurring in oilfield water re-injection facilities. Here, we investigated the distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in water re-injection facilities of an oilfield, and illustrated the combined influences of environmental variation and the microorganisms in injected water on the microbial communities. Bacterial communities from the surface injection facilities were dominated by aerobic or facultative anaerobic Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Flavobacteria, whereas Clostridia, Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae, and Synergistia predominated in downhole of the injection wells, and Gammaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Epsilonproteobacteria predominated in the production wells. Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Methanolinea were dominant archaea in the injection facilities, while Methanosaeta, Methanomethylovorans, and Methanoculleus predominated in the production wells. This study also demonstrated that the microorganisms in injected water could be easily transferred from injection station to wellheads and downhole of injection wells, and environmental variation and diffusion-limited microbial transfer resulted from formation filtration were the main factors determining microbial community assembly in oil-bearing strata. The results provide novel information on the bacterial and archaeal communities and the underlying mechanisms occurring in oilfield water re-injection facilities, and benefit the development of effective microbiologically enhanced oil recovery and microbiologically prevented reservoir souring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peike Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Huimei Tian
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xunli Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Engineering, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjun Le
- Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd Exploration and Development Research Institute, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chuanxing Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Even allocation of benefits stabilizes microbial community engaged in metabolic division of labor. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111410. [PMID: 36170826 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities execute metabolic pathways to drive global nutrient cycles. Within a community, functionally specialized strains can perform different yet complementary steps within a linear pathway, a phenomenon termed metabolic division of labor (MDOL). However, little is known about how such metabolic behaviors shape microbial communities. Here, we derive a theoretical framework to define the assembly of a community that degrades an organic compound through MDOL. The framework indicates that to ensure community stability, the strains performing the initial steps should hold a growth advantage (m) over the "private benefit" (n) of the strain performing the last step. The steady-state frequency of the last strain is then determined by the quotient of n and m. Our experiments show that the framework accurately predicts the assembly of our synthetic consortia that degrade naphthalene through MDOL. Our results provide insights for designing and managing stable microbial systems for metabolic pathway optimization.
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Hu B, Zhao JY, Nie Y, Qin XY, Zhang KD, Xing JM, Wu XL. Bioemulsification and Microbial Community Reconstruction in Thermally Processed Crude Oil. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102054. [PMID: 34683375 PMCID: PMC8539444 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilization of low-cost, environmental-friendly microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) techniques in thermal recovery-processed oil reservoirs is potentially feasible. However, how exogenous microbes facilitate crude oil recovery in this deep biosphere, especially under mesophilic conditions, is scarcely investigated. In this study, a thermal treatment and a thermal recurrence were processed on crude oil collected from Daqing Oilfield, and then a 30-day incubation of the pretreated crude oil at 37 °C was operated with the addition of two locally isolated hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, Amycolicicoccus subflavus DQS3-9A1T and Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, respectively. The pH, surface tension, hydrocarbon profiles, culture-dependent cell densities and taxonomies, and whole and active microbial community compositions were determined. It was found that both A. subflavus DQS3-9A1T and Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b successfully induced culture acidification, crude oil bioemulsification, and residual oil sub-fraction alteration, no matter whether the crude oil was thermally pretreated or not. Endogenous bacteria which could proliferate on double heated crude oil were very few. Compared with A. subflavus, Dietzia sp. was substantially more effective at inducing the proliferation of varied species in one-time heated crude oil. Meanwhile, the effects of Dietzia sp. on crude oil bioemulsification and hydrocarbon profile alteration were not significantly influenced by the ploidy increasing of NaCl contents (from 5 g/L to 50 g/L), but the reconstructed bacterial communities became very simple, in which the Dietzia genus was predominant. Our study provides useful information to understand MEOR trials on thermally processed oil reservoirs, and proves that this strategy could be operated by using the locally available hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in mesophilic conditions with different salinity degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hu
- Group of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102401, China;
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Beijing 102401, China
| | - Jie-Yu Zhao
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (J.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Q.); (K.-D.Z.)
| | - Yong Nie
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (J.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Q.); (K.-D.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Xiao-Yu Qin
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (J.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Q.); (K.-D.Z.)
| | - Kai-Duan Zhang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (J.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Q.); (K.-D.Z.)
| | - Jian-Min Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (J.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Q.); (K.-D.Z.)
- Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (X.-L.W.)
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Genome-Resolved Meta-Analysis of the Microbiome in Oil Reservoirs Worldwide. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091812. [PMID: 34576708 PMCID: PMC8465018 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms inhabiting subsurface petroleum reservoirs are key players in biochemical transformations. The interactions of microbial communities in these environments are highly complex and still poorly understood. This work aimed to assess publicly available metagenomes from oil reservoirs and implement a robust pipeline of genome-resolved metagenomics to decipher metabolic and taxonomic profiles of petroleum reservoirs worldwide. Analysis of 301.2 Gb of metagenomic information derived from heavily flooded petroleum reservoirs in China and Alaska to non-flooded petroleum reservoirs in Brazil enabled us to reconstruct 148 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of high and medium quality. At the phylum level, 74% of MAGs belonged to bacteria and 26% to archaea. The profiles of these MAGs were related to the physicochemical parameters and recovery management applied. The analysis of the potential functional core in the reservoirs showed that the microbiota was specialized for each site, with 31.7% of the total KEGG orthologies annotated as functions (1690 genes) common to all oil fields, while 18% of the functions were site-specific, i.e., present only in one of the oil fields. The oil reservoirs with a lower level of intervention were the most similar to the potential functional core, while the oil fields with a long history of water injection had greater variation in functional profile. These results show how key microorganisms and their functions respond to the distinct physicochemical parameters and interventions of the oil field operations such as water injection and expand the knowledge of biogeochemical transformations in these ecosystems.
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