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Mehariya S, Annamalai SN, Thaher MI, Quadir MA, Khan S, Rahmanpoor A, Abdurahman Kashem, Faisal M, Sayadi S, Al Hawari A, Al-Jabri H, Das P. A comprehensive review on versatile microalga Tetraselmis: Potentials applications in wastewater remediation and bulk chemical production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121520. [PMID: 38917540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae are considered sustainable resources for the production of biofuel, feed, and bioactive compounds. Among various microalgal genera, the Tetraselmis genus, containing predominantly marine microalgal species with wide tolerance to salinity and temperature, has a high potential for large-scale commercialization. Until now, Tetraselmis sp. are exploited at smaller levels for aquaculture hatcheries and bivalve production. However, its prolific growth rate leads to promising areal productivity and energy-dense biomass, so it is considered a viable source of third-generation biofuel. Also, microbial pathogens and contaminants are not generally associated with Tetraselmis sp. in outdoor conditions due to faster growth as well as dominance in the culture. Numerous studies revealed that the metabolite compositions of Tetraselmis could be altered favorably by changing the growth conditions, taking advantage of its acclimatization or adaptation ability in different conditions. Furthermore, the biorefinery approach produces multiple fractions that can be successfully upgraded into various value-added products along with biofuel. Overall, Tetraselmis sp. could be considered a potential strain for further algal biorefinery development under the circular bioeconomy framework. In this aspect, this review discusses the recent advancements in the cultivation and harvesting of Tetraselmis sp. for wider application in different sectors. Furthermore, this review highlights the key challenges associated with large-scale cultivation, biomass harvesting, and commercial applications for Tetraselmis sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet Mehariya
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Senthil Nagappan Annamalai
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim Thaher
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Abdul Quadir
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shoyeb Khan
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Rahmanpoor
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdurahman Kashem
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Faisal
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alaa Al Hawari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hareb Al-Jabri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Probir Das
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Goswami RK, Mehariya S, Verma P. Sub-pilot scale sequential microalgal consortium-based cultivation for treatment of municipal wastewater and biomass production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123796. [PMID: 38518973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater (MWW) was treated by a sequential pilot microalgal cultivation process. The cultivation was performed inside a specifically designed low-cost photobioreactor (PBR) system. A microalgal consortium 2:1 was developed using Tetraselmis indica (TS) and Picochlorum sp. (PC) in the first stage and PC:TS (2:1) in the second stage and the nutrient removal efficiency and biomass production and biomolecules production was evaluated and also compared with monoculture in a two-stage sequential cultivation system. This study also investigated the effect of seasonal variations on microalgae growth and MWW treatment. The results showed that mixed microalgal consortium (TS:PC) had higher nutrient removal efficiency, with chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphate (TP), and total nitrate (TN) removal efficiencies of 78.50, 84.49, and 84.20%, respectively, and produced a biomass of 2.50 g/L with lipid content of 37.36% in the first stage of cultivation under indoor conditions. In the second stage of indoor cultivation, the PC:TS consortium demonstrated maximum COD, TP, and TN removal efficiencies of 92.49, 94.24, and 94.16%, respectively. It also produced a biomass of 2.65 g/L with a lipid content of 40.67%. Among all the seasonal variations, mass flow analysis indicated that the combination of mixed consortium-based two-stage sequential process during the winter season favored maximum nutrient removal efficiency of TN i.e. 88.54% (84.12 mg/L) and TP i.e., 90.18% (43.29 mg/L), respectively. It also enhanced total biomass production of 49.10 g in 20-L medium, which includes lipid yield ∼15.68 g compared to monoculture i.e., 82.06% (78.70 mg/L) and 82.87% (40.26 mg/L) removal of TN and TP, respectively, and produced biomass 43.60 g with 11.90 g of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Goswami
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Sanjeet Mehariya
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Dębowski M, Dudek M, Nowicka A, Quattrocelli P, Kazimierowicz J, Zieliński M. Suitability of pre-digested dairy effluent for mixotrophic cultivation of the hydrogen-producing microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:471-482. [PMID: 35960006 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The costs associated with microalgal biomass production can be reduced by leveraging alternative and cheap growth media. Digestate from fermentation reactors is a particularly interesting candidate for use in cultivating mixotrophic species. The aim of the present study was to assess whether pre-digested milk-industry effluent can be harnessed to grow Tetraselmis subcordiformis and produce hydrogen. The experimental series with 25% and 50% effluent in the growth medium performed the best, producing more than 2000 mgVS biomass/dm3. The biogas produced in these variants contained over 60% hydrogen. Increasing the effluent in the medium to 75% led to significant deterioration of performance, both in terms of T. subcordiformis biomass growth and biohydrogen production. The highest efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, respectively 98.1 ± 1.9% and 97.1 ± 1.4%, was observed in the system to which 25% of sewage was introduced. Increasing the share of fermented wastewater directly reduced the efficiency of removing biogenic compounds. A very strong negative correlation was found between initial N-NH4 in the growth medium and T. subcordiformis biomass production rates (R2 = 0.9177).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Dębowski
- Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magda Dudek
- Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Nowicka
- Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piera Quattrocelli
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Institute of Life Sciences, BioLabs, Ghezzano, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joanna Kazimierowicz
- Department of Water Supply and Sewage Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Zieliński
- Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Li S, Chang H, Zhang S, Ho SH. Production of sustainable biofuels from microalgae with CO 2 bio-sequestration and life cycle assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115730. [PMID: 36958384 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic emissions, there is an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Microalgae are versatile, universal, and photosynthetic microorganisms present in nature. Biological CO2 sequestration using microalgae is a novel concept in CO2 mitigation strategies. In the current review, the difference between carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS), and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is clarified. The current status of CO2 sequestration techniques is discussed, including various methods and a comparative analysis of abiotic and biotic sequestration. Particular focus is given to sequestration methods associated with microalgae, including advantages of CO2 bio-sequestration using microalgae, a summary of microalgae species that tolerate high CO2 concentrations, biochemistry of microalgal CO2 biofixation, and elements influencing the microalgal CO2 sequestration. In addition, this review highlights and summarizes the research efforts made on the production of various biofuels using microalgae. Notably, Chlorella sp. is found to be the most beneficial microalgae, with a sizeable hydrogen (H2) generation capability ranging from 6.1 to 31.2 mL H2/g microalgae, as well as the species of C. salina, C. fusca, Parachlorella kessleri, C. homosphaera, C. vacuolate, C. pyrenoidosa, C. sorokiniana, C. lewinii, and C. protothecoides. Lastly, the technical feasibility and life cycle analysis are analyzed. This comprehensive review will pave the way for promoting more aggressive research on microalgae-based CO2 sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China
| | - Haixing Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China.
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Goswami RK, Agrawal K, Mehariya S, Verma P. Current perspective on wastewater treatment using photobioreactor for Tetraselmis sp.: an emerging and foreseeable sustainable approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61905-61937. [PMID: 34618318 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization is a revolutionary and necessary step for the development of nations. However, with development emanates its drawback i.e., generation of a huge amount of wastewater. The existence of diverse types of nutrient loads and toxic compounds in wastewater can reduce the pristine nature of the ecosystem and adversely affects human and animal health. The conventional treatment system reduces most of the chemical contaminants but their removal efficiency is low. Thus, microalgae-based biological wastewater treatment is a sustainable approach for the removal of nutrient loads from wastewater. Among various microalgae, Tetraselmis sp. is a robust strain that can remediate industrial, municipal, and animal-based wastewater and reduce significant amounts of nutrient loads and heavy metals. The produced biomass contains lipids, carbohydrates, and pigments. Among them, carbohydrates and lipids can be used as feedstock for the production of bioenergy products. Moreover, the usage of a photobioreactor (PBR) system improves biomass production and nutrient removal efficiency. Thus, the present review comprehensively discusses the latest studies on Tetraselmis sp. based wastewater treatment processes, focusing on the use of different bioreactor systems to improve pollutant removal efficiency. Moreover, the applications of Tetraselmis sp. biomass, advancement and research gap such as immobilized and co-cultivation have also been discussed. Furthermore, an insight into the harvesting of Tetraselmis biomass, effects of physiological, and nutritional parameters for their growth has also been provided. Thus, the present review will broaden the outlook and help to develop a sustainable and feasible approach for the restoration of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Goswami
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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Pan Y, Shen Y, Zhang H, Ran X, Xie T, Zhang Y, Yao C. Fine-tuned regulation of photosynthetic performance via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supply coupled with high initial cell density culture for economic starch production in microalgae. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:52. [PMID: 38647858 PMCID: PMC10992858 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgal starch is considered as renewable and sustainable feedstock for biofuels and biorefinery. High cell density culture is favourable for photoautotrophic starch production in microalgae in the aspects of productivity and economy, but it often encounters low starch content or extra stress exposure that limits the production. This study aimed to economically enhance photosynthetic starch production from CO2 fixation in a green microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis by regulating photosynthetic stress status with a signalling molecule γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) combined with the application of high initial cell density culture. By increasing initial cell density (ICD) from the normal of 1.1 g L-1 (NICD) to as high as 2.8 g L-1 (HICD), the starch content, yield, and theoretical productivity were improved by 7%, 63%, and 42%, respectively. The addition of GABA under HICD resulted in 14%, 19%, and 26% of further enhancement in starch content, yield, and theoretical productivity, respectively. GABA exhibited distinct regulatory mechanisms on photosynthesis and stress status under HICD relative to NICD. GABA augmented excessive light energy absorption and electron transfer through photosystem II that reinforced the photoinhibition under NICD, while alleviated the stress reversely under HICD, both of which facilitated starch production by enabling a suitable stress status while simultaneously maintaining a sufficient photosynthetic activity. The increase of ICD and/or GABA supply particularly boosted amylopectin accumulation, leading to the changes in starch composition and was more favourable for fermentation-based biofuels production. Preliminary techno-economic analysis showed that the highest net extra benefit of 9.64 $ m-3 culture could be obtained under HICD with 2.5 mM GABA supply where high starch content (62%DW) and yield (2.5 g L-1) were achieved. The combined HICD-GABA regulation was a promising strategy for economic starch production from CO2 by microalgae for sustainable biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuyuan Ran
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Tonghui Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Changhong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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Han H, Li J, Zhang J, Peng Y, Li Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Wei P, Luo R. Enhancing the treatment performance of partial denitrification/Anammox process at high nitrogen load: Effects of immobilized strain HFQ8 C/Non the sludge characteristics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125870. [PMID: 34523586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy based on quorum sense (QS) was proposed to improve the treatment performance of the partial denitrification/Anammox (PD/A) process at high loads by adding immobilized Pseudomonas sp. HFQ8C/N, which could release high concentrations of N-butyryl-DL-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), N-octanoyl-DL- homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and N-decanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL). The results showed that adding immobilized HFQ8C/N improved the sludge activity and settleability, contributing to higher nitrogen removal efficiency at the high nitrogen loading rate (NLR). It was proved that C4-HSL promoted the abundances of Thauera and Candidatus Kuenenia at NLR 1.68-2.52 kg N/(m3·d), while C10-HSL promoted the abundance of Candidatus Brocadia. Besides, C8-HSL and C10-HSL played different regulation roles in the production of protein (PN) in tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) at different loads, improving the sludge settleability. This study provided a new way to improve the treatment performance of high-load PD/A processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Pengyuan Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Rong Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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