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Zhang X, Li J, Lu F, Xie F, Xu X, Su L, Gao X, Zheng L. Porous liquids: a novel porous medium for efficient carbon dioxide capture. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39177483 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02482f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Porous liquids (PLs) are the combination of porous solid material and flowing liquid, which provides alternative options to solve difficulties in the development of porous solids. With the booming development of PLs since 2015, plenty of syntheses and applications have been reported with a specific focus on gas adsorption. Given the lack of a comprehensive review, this paper reviews the application of PLs in CO2 capture. To start with, ground-breaking case studies are reviewed to help understand the progress of PLs research. Then, as a major part of this paper, studies of PLs for CO2 capture are reviewed separately. Moreover, five basic properties of porous liquids, including stability, viscosity, selectivity, porosity, capacity, and the influencing factors are systemically reviewed respectively. Furthermore, gas storage and release mechanisms in PLs are briefly outlined, and potential processing methods of PLs used for CO2 capture are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiayi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Fei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Fengjin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Xinming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Long Su
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xinpei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
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Jerez S, Ventura M, Martínez F, Pariente MI, Melero JA. Carbonaceous materials from a petrol primary oily sludge: Synthesis and catalytic performance in the wet air oxidation of a spent caustic effluent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121606. [PMID: 38941846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Oil refineries produce annually large quantities of oily sludge and non-biodegradable wastewater during petroleum refining that require adequate management to minimize its environmental impact. The fraction solid of the oily sludge accounts for 25 wt% and without treatment for their valorization. This work is focused on the valorization of these solid particles through their transformation into porous materials with enhanced properties and with potential application in the catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of a non-biodegradable spent caustic refinery wastewater. Hence, dealing with the valorization and treatment of both refinery wastes in a circular approach aligned with the petrol refinery transformations by 2050. The obtained oily sludge carbonaceous materials showed improved surface area (260-762 m2/g) and a high Fe content. The good catalytic performance of these materials in CWAO processes has been attributed to the simultaneous presence of surface basic sites and iron species. Those materials with higher content of Fe and basic sites yielded the highest degradation of organic compounds present in the spent caustic refinery wastewater. In particular, the best-performing material ACT-NP 1.1 (non-preoxidated and thermically treated with 1:1 mass ratio KOH:solid) showed a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 60 % after 3 h of reaction and with a higher degradation rate than that achieved with thermal oxidation without catalyst (WAO) and that using an iron-free commercial activated carbon. Moreover, the biodegradability of the treated wastewater increased up to 80% (from ca. 31% initially of the untreated effluent). Finally, this material was reused up to three catalytic cycles without losing metal species and keeping the catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jerez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Ventura
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Isabel Pariente
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Melero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
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Gopalan J, Buthiyappan A, Rashidi NA, Sufian S, Abdul Raman AA. A sustainable and economical solution for CO 2 capture with biobased carbon materials derived from palm kernel shells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45887-45912. [PMID: 38980479 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the synthesize of activated carbon for carbon dioxide adsorption using palm kernel shell (PKS), a by-product of oil palm industry. The adsorbent synthesis involved a simple two-step carbonization method. Firstly, PKS was activated with potassium oxide (KOH), followed by functionalization with magnesium oxide (MgO). Surface analysis revealed that KOH activated PKS has resulted in a high specific surface area of 1086 m2/g compared to untreated PKS (435 m2/g). However, impregnation of MgO resulted in the reduction of surface area due to blockage of pores by MgO. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that PKS-based adsorbents exhibited minimal weight loss of less than 30% up to 500 °C, indicating their suitability for high-temperature applications. CO2 adsorption experiments revealed that PKS-AC-MgO has achieved a higher adsorption capacity of 155.35 mg/g compared to PKS-AC (149.63 mg/g) at 25 °C and 5 bars. The adsorption behaviour of PKS-AC-MgO was well fitted by both the Sips and Langmuir isotherms, suggesting a combination of both heterogeneous and homogeneous adsorption and indicating a chemical reaction between MgO and CO2. Thermodynamic analysis indicated a spontaneous and thermodynamically favourable process for CO2 capture by PKS-AC-MgO, with negative change in enthalpy (- 0.21 kJ/mol), positive change in entropy (2.44 kJ/mol), and negative change in Gibbs free energy (- 729.61 J/mol, - 790.79 J/mol, and - 851.98 J/mol) across tested temperature. Economic assessment revealed that the cost of PKS-AC-MgO is 21% lower than the current market price of commercial activated carbon, indicating its potential for industrial application. Environmental assessment shows a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (381.9 tCO2) through the utilization of PKS-AC-MgO, underscoring its environmental benefits. In summary, the use of activated carbon produced from PKS and functionalised with MgO shows great potential for absorbing CO2. This aligns with the ideas of a circular economy and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaprina Gopalan
- Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Archina Buthiyappan
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Adilla Rashidi
- Biomass Processing Lab, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Suriati Sufian
- Biomass Processing Lab, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
- Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yu S, He J, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Xie M, Xu Y, Bie X, Li Q, Zhang Y, Sevilla M, Titirici MM, Zhou H. Towards Negative Emissions: Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass for Sustainable Carbon Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307412. [PMID: 38251820 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The contemporary production of carbon materials heavily relies on fossil fuels, contributing significantly to the greenhouse effect. Biomass is a carbon-neutral resource whose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric CO2. Employing biomass as a precursor for synthetic carbon materials can fix atmospheric CO2 into solid materials, achieving negative carbon emissions. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) presents an attractive method for converting biomass into carbon materials, by which biomass can be transformed into materials with favorable properties in a distinct hydrothermal environment, and these carbon materials have made extensive progress in many fields. However, the HTC of biomass is a complex and interdisciplinary problem, involving simultaneously the physical properties of the underlying biomass and sub/supercritical water, the chemical mechanisms of hydrothermal synthesis, diverse applications of resulting carbon materials, and the sustainability of the entire technological routes. This review starts with the analysis of biomass composition and distinctive characteristics of the hydrothermal environment. Then, the factors influencing the HTC of biomass, the reaction mechanism, and the properties of resulting carbon materials are discussed in depth, especially the different formation mechanisms of primary and secondary hydrochars. Furthermore, the application and sustainability of biomass-derived carbon materials are summarized, and some insights into future directions are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jiangkai He
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Zhien Zhang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zhuohua Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China
| | - Mengyin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Bie
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yanguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Marta Sevilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR), CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe 26, Oviedo, 33011, Spain
| | | | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
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Wibowo H, Ketwong T, Cholwatthanatanakorn N, Ding L, Areeprasert C. Production of bagasse fly ash-derived CO 2 adsorbent by physical activation and by nitrogen-functionalization using hydrothermal treatment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 177:66-75. [PMID: 38290349 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The high cost of commercial CO2 capture material is one of the issues hindering the widespread adaptation of the technology. This study explored efficient ways of utilizing waste material in the form of bagasse fly ash (BFA) as CO2 adsorbent through thermochemical preparations of physical activation, and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The activation of BFA using flue gas was able to produce an adsorbent with good CO2 adsorption capacity, with similar results to the CO2 activation. The second approach using co-HTC of BFA with chicken manure (CM) optimized using Box-Behnken design of experiment was able to produce an adsorbent with CO2 adsorption capacity nearly on-par with commercial adsorbents. It was also found that the model was able to accurately predict the experiment outcome when verified with the additional experiments. Material characterizations showed that the increase of the CO2 adsorption capacity of the adsorbent might have been achieved through the formation of secondary amines deposited on the BFA. The results of this study showed that the utilization of waste in the form of BFA and CM could contribute to the advancement of circular and low-cost CO2 capture medium from waste materials, which could increase the adaptation and involvement of sugar industry and poultry farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haryo Wibowo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Tulakarn Ketwong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Natchapon Cholwatthanatanakorn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Lu Ding
- Institute of Clean Coal Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Chinnathan Areeprasert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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Jalilian M, Bissessur R, Ahmed M, Hsiao A, He QS, Hu Y. A review: Hydrochar as potential adsorbents for wastewater treatment and CO 2 adsorption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169823. [PMID: 38199358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To valorize the biomass and organic waste, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) stands out as a highly efficient and promising pathway given its intrinsic advantages over other thermochemical processes. Hydrochar, as the main product obtained from HTC, is widely applied as a fuel source and soil conditioner. Aside from these applications, hydrochar can be either directly used or modified as bio-adsorbents for environmental remediation. This potential arises from its tunable surface chemistry and its suitability to act as a precursor for activated or engineered carbon. In view of the importance of this topic, this review offers a thorough examination of the research progress for using hydrochar and its modified forms to remove organic dyes (cationic and anionic dyes), heavy metals, herbicides/pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and CO2. The review also sheds light on the fundamental chemistry involved in HTC of biomass and the major analytical techniques applied for understanding surface chemistry of hydrochar and modified hydrochar. The knowledge gaps and potential hurdles are identified to highlight the challenges and prospects of this research field with a summary of the key findings from this review. Overall, this article provides valuable insights and directives and pinpoints the areas meriting further investigation in the application potential of hydrochar in wastewater management and CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Jalilian
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Rabin Bissessur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Marya Ahmed
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Amy Hsiao
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Quan Sophia He
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Yulin Hu
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Kwiatkowski M, Belver C, Bedia J. Effect of synthesis conditions on the porous texture of activated carbons obtained from Tara Rubber by FeCl 3 activation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2266. [PMID: 38280927 PMCID: PMC10821929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an unique analysis of the influence of the mass ratio of activator FeCl3 to precursor and the temperature of the activation process on the formation of the porous structure of activated carbons obtained from Tara Rubber by FeCl3 activation. The study used the new numerical clustering based adsorption analysis method and the quenched solid density functional theory, taking into account, among other things, the heterogeneity of the analysed surface which is a new approach rarely used in the analysis of the porous structure of adsorbents. On the basis of the calculation results, it was concluded that the activated carbon with the most developed porous texture was obtained at a mass ratio (FeCl3:Tara Rubber) of 2, at an activation process temperature of 800 °C. This activated carbon is also characterised by the lowest degree of surface heterogeneity and at the same time, however, the widest range of micropores compared to activated carbons obtained at other mass ratios. The analyses carried out further demonstrated the valuable and complementary information obtained from the structure analysis methods and their high utility in practical applications, especially in the development of new industrial technologies for the production of adsorbents and the selection of optimal conditions for their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Kwiatkowski
- Department of Fuel Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, al. Adama Mickiewicza, 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Carolina Belver
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Bedia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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da Silva DF, Figueiredo FC, Scaramucci T, Mailart MC, Torres CRG, Borges AB. Is the whitening effect of charcoal-based dentifrices related to their abrasive potential or the ability of charcoal to adsorb dyes? J Dent 2024; 140:104794. [PMID: 38035453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if tooth color alteration of activated charcoal-based dentifrices may be attributed to the dye adsorption potential of charcoal (chemical action - C - slurry only) or to the association of dye adsorption with abrasion (chemo-mechanical action - CM- slurry/toothbrushing). Potential adverse effects in surface roughness, gloss, and wear were also assessed. METHODS Bovine enamel/dentin specimens were randomly allocated into the groups according to treatments and test model (n = 15): deionized water (negative control- NC); Colgate Maximum Anticaries Protection (conventional toothpaste- positive control- PC); Colgate Luminous White Activated Charcoal (LW); Oral-B 3D White Therapy Charcoal (WT); Curaprox Black is White (BW); Dermavita Whitemax (Activated charcoal powder- WP). Specimens were exposed to the C or CM models, in 28-day staining-treatment cycling. Color change (ΔE00), whiteness index (ΔWID), percentage of alteration of surface roughness (%Raalt), and gloss (%GUalt) were calculated. Additional specimens (n = 9) were indented with a Knoop diamond and subjected to 100,000 abrasion cycles. Enamel wear was determined by calculating the decrease in indentations geometry. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The CM-model produced lower color change (staining) than C (p = 0.0001). PC, LW, WT, BW, and WP showed similar color results for both models, differing from NC (p < 0.05).%Ra and%GU did not differ among the C-model groups (p > 0.05) and WP exhibited the highest variation (%Ra and%GU) under CM-model. Enamel wear values were lowest in the NC and PC groups, intermediate for LW, WT, BW, and highest for the WP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Activated charcoal-based dentifrices have a similar ability to minimize tooth staining as the conventional toothpaste, with increased enamel wear potential in the long term (after 100,000 cycles). The activated charcoal powder damaged the enamel surface, showing a higher deleterious effect on enamel roughness, gloss, and wear. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dentifrices containing activated charcoal do not provide superior results to minimize tooth staining compared to conventional toothpaste. Charcoal powder should be used with caution because it promotes higher superficial alterations on the enamel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Consiglio Figueiredo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Mariane Cintra Mailart
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Buhler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
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Stefanelli E, Vitolo S, Di Fidio N, Puccini M. Tailoring the porosity of chemically activated carbons derived from the HTC treatment of sewage sludge for the removal of pollutants from gaseous and aqueous phases. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118887. [PMID: 37678019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The management of sewage sludge is currently an open issue due to the large volume of waste to be treated and the necessity to avoid incineration or landfill disposal. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been recognized as a promising thermochemical technique to convert sewage sludge into value-added products. The hydrochar (HC) obtained can be suitable for environmental application as fuel, fertilizer, and sorbent. In this study, activated hydrochars (AHs) were prepared from sewage sludge through HTC followed by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and tested for the removal of pollutants in gaseous and aqueous environments, investigating carbon dioxide (CO2) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption capacity. The effects of activation temperature (550-750 °C) and KOH/HC impregnation ratio (1-3) on the produced AHs morphology and adsorption capacity were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results of RSM analysis evidenced a maximum CO2 uptake of 71.47 mg/g for mild activation conditions (600-650 °C and KOH/HC = 1 ÷ 2), whereas the best CIP uptake of 628.61 mg/g was reached for the most severe conditions (750 °C, KOH/HC = 3). The prepared AHs were also applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions, and the MB uptake results were used for estimating the specific surface area of AHs. High surface areas up to 1902.49 m2/g were obtained for the highest activation temperature and impregnation ratio investigated. Predictive models of CO2 and CIP uptake were developed by RSM analysis, and the optimum activation conditions for maximizing the adsorption performance together with high AH yield were identified: 586 °C and KOH/HC ratio = 1.34 for maximum yield (26.33 %) and CO2 uptake (67.31 mg/g); 715 °C and KOH/HC ratio = 1.78 for maximum yield (18.75 %) and CIP uptake (370.77 mg/g). The obtained results evidenced that chemical activation of previously HTC-treated sewage sludge is a promising way to convert waste into valuable low-cost adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Stefanelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Vitolo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Fidio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Puccini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy.
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Monteagudo JM, Durán A, Mänttäri M, López S. Insights into the adsorption of CO 2 generated from synthetic urban wastewater treatment on olive pomace biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117951. [PMID: 37080096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, a sustainable and low-cost method to capture CO2 generated from the treatment of urban wastewater was evaluated. We studied the adsorption of CO2 on olive pomace biochar. The experiments of degradation of synthetic wastewater mimicking effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with an initial Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration of 10 mg L-1 were conducted by using the UV-C/H2O2 process in the absence or presence of biochar. The biochar was placed in a fixed bed column through which air from the UV reactor was circulated. First, the effects of different parameters such as H2O2 initial concentration and pH on wastewater mineralization efficiency were determined. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal was 87% in 2 h under optimal degradation conditions. The maximal concentration of CO2(gas) in air, in a closed system (air volume: 7.3 10-4 m3), after 11 h was 12,500 μmol mol-1 in the absence of biochar and only 150 μmol mol-1 when 10 g biochar were used. The results proved that by combining biochar with oxidative degradation of organic compounds, it is possible to mineralize organic compounds and reduce the requisite CO2 emissions by about 99%. The experimental equilibrium results were fit well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models concluding that CO2 adsorption on biochar followed both chemisorption and physisorption and both monolayer and multi-layer CO2 adsorption could occur. The total desorption of CO2 from biochar was reached in 120 min by simultaneously increasing the temperature to 150 °C and introducing a purge N2(gas).
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Monteagudo
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Grupo IMAES, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real Spain.
| | - A Durán
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Grupo IMAES, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Mika Mänttäri
- LUT School of Engineering Sciences, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - S López
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Grupo IMAES, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
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11
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Licursi D, Antonetti C, Di Fidio N, Fulignati S, Benito P, Puccini M, Vitolo S, Raspolli Galletti AM. Conversion of the hydrochar recovered after levulinic acid production into activated carbon adsorbents. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 168:235-245. [PMID: 37320891 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Levulinic acid production by acid-catalyzed hydrothermal conversion of (ligno)cellulosic biomass generates significant amounts of carbonaceous hydrochar, which is currently considered a final waste. In this work, the hydrochar recovered after the levulinic acid production, was subjected to cascade pyrolysis and chemical activation treatments (by H3PO4 or KOH), to synthesize activated carbons. The pyrolysis post-treatment was already effective in improving the surface properties of the raw hydrochar (Specific Surface Area: 388 m2/g, VP: 0.22 cm3/g, VMESO: 0.07 cm3/g, VMICRO: 0.14 cm3/g), by removing volatile compounds. KOH activation resulted as the most appropriate for further improving the surface properties of the pyrolyzed hydrochar, showing the best surface properties (Specific Surface Area: 1421 m2/g, VP: 0.63 cm3/g, VMESO: 0.10 cm3/g, VMICRO: 0.52 cm3/g), which synergistically makes it a promising system towards adsorption of CO2 (∼90 mg/g) and methylene blue (∼248 mg/g). In addition, promising surface properties can be achieved after direct chemical activation of the raw hazelnut shells, preferably by H3PO4 (Specific Surface Area: 1918 m2/g, VP: 1.34 cm3/g, VMESO: 0.82 cm3/g, VMICRO: 0.50 cm3/g), but this choice is not the smartest, as it does not allow the valorization of the cellulose fraction to levulinic acid. Our approach paves the way for possible uses of these hydrochars originating from the levulinic acid chain for new environmental applications, thus smartly closing the biorefinery loop of the hazelnut shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Licursi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale - Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Claudia Antonetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale - Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Fidio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale - Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Sara Fulignati
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale - Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Patricia Benito
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Puccini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale - Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Vitolo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale - Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale - Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
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12
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Deepak KR, Mohan S, Dinesha P, Balasubramanian R. CO 2 uptake by activated hydrochar derived from orange peel (Citrus reticulata): Influence of carbonization temperature. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118350. [PMID: 37302173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, activated hydrochar was prepared from orange peel (OP) waste using KOH for the first time for potential environmental applications. The influence of hydrothermal carbonization temperature (180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C) on the CO2 adsorption capacity of OP-derived activated hydrochar (OP-180, OP-200, and OP-220) was investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed that the activated OP hydrochar has high microporosity, a desired attribute for effective adsorption. The yield and the oxygen content of the hydrochar decreased with the increasing process temperature whereas the carbon content showed an increase. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the presence of various functional groups including ketone, aldehydes, esters, and carboxyl in the hydrochar. CO2 adsorption isotherm was determined for all hydrochar samples. At 25 °C and 1 bar, OP-220 showed the highest CO2 uptake at 3.045 mmol/g. The use of OP waste for CO2 adsorption applications contributes to carbon neutrality and a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Deepak
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sooraj Mohan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403401, India
| | - P Dinesha
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
| | - Rajasekhar Balasubramanian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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13
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Wen J, Liu Z, Xi H, Huang B. Synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon with high surface area by chemical activation of (NH 4) 2C 2O 4 modified hydrochar for chlorobenzene adsorption. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 126:123-137. [PMID: 36503742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, hydrothermal technique combined with KOH activation were employed to develop a series of porous carbons (NPCK-x) using tobacco stem as a low-cost carbon source and (NH4)2C2O4 as a novel nitrogen-doping agent. Physicochemical properties of NPCK-x were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman microscope, elemental analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results showed that the NPCK-x samples possessed large surface areas (maximum: 2875 m2/g), hierarchical porous structures, and high degree of disorder. N-containing functional groups decomposed during activation process, which could be the dominant reason for appearance of abundant mesopores and well-developed pore structure. Dynamic chlorobenzene adsorption experiments demonstrated that carbon materials with (NH4)2C2O4 modification exhibited higher adsorption capacity (maximum: 1053 mg/g) than those without modification (maximum: 723 mg/g). The reusability studies of chlorobenzene indicated that the desorption efficiency of (NH4)2C2O4 modified porous carbon reached 90.40% after thermal desorption at 100°C under N2 atmosphere. Thomas model fitting results exhibited that the existence of mesopores accelerated the diffusion rate of chlorobenzene in porous carbon. Moreover, Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to verify that micropores with pore sizes of 1.2-2 nm of the optimized porous carbon were the best adsorption sites for chlorobenzene and mesopores with pore sizes of 2-5 nm were also highly active sites for chlorobenzene adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zewei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hongxia Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bichun Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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14
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Chen H, Wu W, Chen D, Feng Y. Comparative study of carbon-deNO x process by different sewage sludge chars. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 318:137981. [PMID: 36716939 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge char (SC) reduces NO to N2 at high temperatures thus acting as a potential reducing agent in flue gas cleaning systems. However, SC needs to be modified to enhance the carbon-deNOx performance. In this study, coal char (CC) and different types of SCs, i.e., original (SC-R), pyrolytic volatiles activated (SC-V) and KOH activated (SC-K), were compared in terms of their carbon-deNOx performance, including NO removal rate and secondary pollution discharged. The results showed that when the oxygen content in the flue gas was 5-6%, the carbon-deNOx efficiency of the three types of SCs was greater than 70%, which was higher than that of the CC. SC-V has lower emissions of CO and gaseous nitrogen-containing compounds (NH3, HNCO, HCN) among the three types of SCs. For the oxygen content of 8-11% in the flue gases, the NO conversion performance was found in the order of SC-K > SC-R > SC-V > CC. The physical and chemical characterization of activated carbon shows that pyrolytic-volatile activation increases the ratio of C-O and C=O functional groups on its surface of SC-V, which not only facilitates the chemisorption of NO but are also easily converted under high oxygen conditions. SC-V is found as a suitable reductant for carbon-deNOx within the temperature range of 300-350 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China; Thermal & Environmental Engineering Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Dezhen Chen
- Thermal & Environmental Engineering Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuheng Feng
- Thermal & Environmental Engineering Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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15
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Zhu S, Zhao B, Zhang H, Su Y. Biomass-based adsorbents for post-combustion CO 2 capture: Preparation, performances, modeling, and assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:117020. [PMID: 36527800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The adsorbents are critical carriers in the process of adsorption-based post-combustion CO2 capture. Biomass-based adsorbents (BAs) are considered to have great potential because of their high efficiency, low cost, and good sustainability. To understand the methods, theories, and technologies of BAs-based CO2 capture, this work analyzes their preparation and activation/modification, influencing factors, mechanisms, thermodynamics/kinetics, regeneration and cycle performances, and the pathway to application. It is found that BAs prepared by pyrolysis, chemical activation, and modification with dual heteroatoms are more conducive to improving adsorption sites. CO2 adsorption capacity positively correlates with elemental C and fixed carbon of feedstocks, but negatively with moisture. The BAs prepared at 550-600 °C have high performance. The specific surface area (SSA) increases as the preparation time increases by 9.4%-93.4%. The adsorption capacity is positively correlated to the SSA (R = 0.880) and microporous volume (R = 0.773). Moreover, it decreases linearly with increasing operating temperature with the slope of -0.6 mmol/(g·°C) but increases exponentially with increasing operating pressure and CO2 concentration with the power of 0.824. The adsorption process includes physical and/or physicochemical adsorption. Freundlich isotherm equation and pseudo-second-order model characterize the adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics more effectively with R2 = 0.985-1.000 and R2 = 0.894-1.000. The quantum chemistry indicates that most BAs modified with non-metallic belong to physisorption. The regeneration of BAs has low energy consumption (<3.44 MJ/kg CO2) and loss rate (<8%). Furthermore, the technical pathway is proposed for application. Finally, the challenges are also presented to facilitate the development of BAs-CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Zhu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Bingtao Zhao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Haonan Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yaxin Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
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16
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Guerrero Peña GDJ, Reddy KSK, Varghese AM, Prabhu A, Dabbawala AA, Polychronopoulou K, Baker MA, Anjum D, Das G, Aubry C, Hassan Ali MI, Karanikolos GN, Raj A, Elkadi M. Carbon dioxide adsorbents from flame-made diesel soot nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160140. [PMID: 36379328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the top contributor to global warming. On the other, soot particles formed during fuel combustion and released into the atmosphere are harmful and also contribute to global warming. It would therefore be highly advantageous to capture soot and make use of it as a feedstock to synthesize carbon-based materials for applications such as carbon dioxide adsorption. In this work, flame-made diesel soot nanoparticles were used to produce a variety of activated carbons by combined oxidative treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH), and their performance towards CO2 adsorption was evaluated. The effect of the chemical activation of soot with H2O2 for different reaction times and with KOH on the physicochemical properties of the activated carbons was investigated and compared to fresh soot. Interestingly, hollow aggregates of carbonaceous nanoparticles of a high interplanar distance, reduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) size, shorter PAH stacks, mesoporous structure, and a high content of oxygen functionalities along with other structural defects in PAHs were obtained in the synthesized activated carbons. Among the various analysis techniques employed, Raman spectroscopy indicated that the ID/IG ratio in soot decreased after simultaneous chemical treatment, though it did not indicate any enhancement in the graphitic character since the carbonyl and carboxylic containing PAHs and monovacancies (which cause defects in PAHs) also contribute to the increase in the intensity of the graphitic band. The activated carbons possessed promising CO2 adsorption capacities, adsorption kinetics and CO2/N2 selectivity. For example, one of the activated carbons, following H2O2 treatment for 9 h and a subsequent KOH activation, exhibited a CO2 adsorption capacity of 1.78 mmol/g at 1 bar and 25 °C, representing an increase of 161 % in capacity as compared to fresh soot. Hollow aggregates of carbonaceous nanoparticles consisting of shorter PAHs with a larger number of defects led to enhanced CO2 adsorption rate and CO2/N2 selectivity on activated carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Suresh Kumar Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anish Mathai Varghese
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azhagapillai Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aasif A Dabbawala
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kyriaki Polychronopoulou
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mark A Baker
- The Surface Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 4DL, UK
| | - Dalaver Anjum
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Physics, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gobind Das
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cyril Aubry
- Electron Microscopy Core Labs, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed I Hassan Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Georgios N Karanikolos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2) (RICH), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Abhijeet Raj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi, India
| | - Mirella Elkadi
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Nandi R, Jha MK, Guchhait SK, Sutradhar D, Yadav S. Impact of KOH Activation on Rice Husk Derived Porous Activated Carbon for Carbon Capture at Flue Gas alike Temperatures with High CO 2/N 2 Selectivity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4802-4812. [PMID: 36777600 PMCID: PMC9910064 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free porous activated carbon is an effective alternative to capture CO2 due to its high surface area and textural advantages. In this regard, the present research work explores a suitable method for producing activated porous carbon with a high specific surface area through a two-step reaction involving rice husk and KOH at 600 °C for 1 h to capture CO2. By varying the ratio of rice husk biomass to KOH, the texture and specific surface area of the activated porous carbon has been altered. A high surface area of ∼755 m2/g and a micropore volume of 0.243 cm3/g have been observed in the porous carbon produced with a KOH/biomass weight ratio of 3 (PAC2). Nitrogen contents in PAC1 and PAC2 were approximately 2.27 and 2.71 atom %, respectively. When compared with other materials, PAC2 has the highest CO2 adsorption capability, reaching up to 3.13 mmol/g at 0 °C and 1.55 mmol/g at 50 °C. The isosteric heat of adsorption confirms the presence of both physisorption and chemisorption. The materials turn out to be highly CO2/N2 selective, with the highest selectivity of 131, proving that the samples are potential materials for capturing CO2 from flue gases. These findings unequivocally show that porous activated carbon can be used to make CO2 adsorption efficient, inexpensive, and, more importantly, extremely effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Nandi
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar144011, India
- Sardar
Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy, Kapurthala144601, India
| | | | | | - Debanjan Sutradhar
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar144011, India
- Sardar
Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy, Kapurthala144601, India
| | - Shashikant Yadav
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar144011, India
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18
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Quan C, Zhou Y, Wang J, Wu C, Gao N. Biomass-based carbon materials for CO2 capture: A review. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Sosa JE, Malheiro C, Castro PJ, Ribeiro RPPL, Piñeiro MM, Plantier F, Mota JPB, Araújo JMM, Pereiro AB. Exploring the Potential of Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Separation of Blends of Fluorinated Gases with High Global Warming Potential. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2200107. [PMID: 36618101 PMCID: PMC9818065 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The research on porous materials for the selective capture of fluorinated gases (F-gases) is key to reduce their emissions. Here, the adsorption of difluoromethane (R-32), pentafluoroethane (R-125), and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) is studied in four metal-organic frameworks (MOFs: Cu-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, MOF-177, and MIL-53(Al)) and in one zeolite (ZSM-5) with the aim to develop technologies for the efficient capture and separation of high global warming potential blends containing these gases. Single-component sorption equilibria of the pure gases are measured at three temperatures (283.15, 303.15, and 323.15 K) by gravimetry and correlated using the Tóth and Virial adsorption models, and selectivities toward R-410A and R-407F are determined by ideal adsorption solution theory. While at lower pressures, R-125 and R-134a are preferentially adsorbed in all materials, at higher pressures there is no selectivity, or it is shifted toward the adsorption R-32. Furthermore, at high pressures, MOF-177 shows the highest adsorption capacity for the three F-gases. The results presented here show that the utilization of MOFs, as tailored made materials, is promising for the development of new approaches for the selective capture of F-gases and for the separation of blends of these gases, which are used in commercial refrigeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio E. Sosa
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
| | - Carine Malheiro
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'AdourE2S UPPACNRSTOTALLFCRAnglet64600France
| | - Paulo J. Castro
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
| | - Rui P. P. L. Ribeiro
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
| | - Manuel M. Piñeiro
- Departamento de Física AplicadaFacultade de CienciasUniversidade de VigoVigoE36310Spain
| | - Frédéric Plantier
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'AdourE2S UPPACNRSTOTALLFCRAnglet64600France
| | - José P. B. Mota
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
| | - João M. M. Araújo
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
| | - Ana B. Pereiro
- Department of ChemistryLAQVREQUIMTENOVA School of Science and TechnologyNOVA University LisbonCaparica2829‐516Portugal
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Barroso-Martín I, Cecilia JA, Vilarrasa-García E, Ballesteros-Plata D, Jiménez-Gómez CP, Vílchez-Cózar Á, Infantes-Molina A, Rodríguez-Castellón E. Modification of the Textural Properties of Chitosan to Obtain Biochars for CO 2-Capture Processes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235240. [PMID: 36501631 PMCID: PMC9739784 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Three chitosans with different morphologies have been used (commercial chitosan powder, chitosan in film form and chitosan in globular form synthesized by the freeze-dried method) for the synthesis of biochars. The pyrolytic treatment has revealed that the biochar synthesized from the chitosan formed by the freeze-dried method reaches the highest CO2-adsorption capacity (4.11 mmol/g at 0 °C and a pressure of 1 bar) due to this adsorbent is highly microporous. Moreover, this biochar is more resistant to the pyrolytic treatment in comparison to the biochars obtained from the commercial chitosan and chitosan in the form of film. CO2-adsorption studies at different temperatures have also shown that the adsorption capacity diminishes as the adsorption temperature increases, thus suggesting that the adsorption takes place by a physical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Barroso-Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Cecilia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Enrique Vilarrasa-García
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Separações por Adsorção (GPSA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza 60455-760, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ballesteros-Plata
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Pilar Jiménez-Gómez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Álvaro Vílchez-Cózar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Infantes-Molina
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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21
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Kwiatkowski M, Hu X, Pastuszyński P. Analysis of the Influence of Activated Carbons' Production Conditions on the Porous Structure Formation on the Basis of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Isotherms. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7939. [PMID: 36431425 PMCID: PMC9694499 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The results of a study of the impact of activation temperature and the mass ratio of the activator to the carbonised precursor on the porous structure of nitrogen-doped activated carbons obtained from lotus leaves by carbonisation and chemical activation with sodium amide (NaNH2) are presented. The analyses were carried out via the new numerical clustering-based adsorption analysis, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, the Dubinin-Raduskevich, and the density functional theory methods applied to carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms. Carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms' analysis provided much more detailed and reliable information about the pore structure analysed. The analyses showed that the surface area of the analysed activated carbons is strongly heterogeneous, but the analysed activated carbons are characterised by a bimodal pore structure, i.e., peaks are clearly visible, first in the range of pore size from about 0.6 to 2.0 nm and second in the range from about 2.0 to 4.0 nm. This pore structure provides optimal adsorption performance of carbon dioxide molecules in the pore structure both for adsorption at atmospheric pressure, which requires the presence of narrow pores for the highest packing density, as well as for adsorption at higher pressures, which requires the presence of large micropores and small mesopores. However, there are no micropores smaller than 0.5 nm in the analysed activated carbons, which precludes their use for carbon dioxide adsorption for processes conducted at pressures less than 0.01 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Kwiatkowski
- Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Avenue, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Piotr Pastuszyński
- Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Avenue, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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22
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Nunes IDS, Schnorr C, Perondi D, Godinho M, Diel JC, Machado LMM, Dalla Nora FB, Silva LFO, Dotto GL. Valorization of Different Fractions from Butiá Pomace by Pyrolysis: H 2 Generation and Use of the Biochars for CO 2 Capture. Molecules 2022; 27:7515. [PMID: 36364342 PMCID: PMC9658530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This work valorizes butiá pomace (Butia capitata) using pyrolysis to prepare CO2 adsorbents. Different fractions of the pomace, like fibers, endocarps, almonds, and deoiled almonds, were characterized and later pyrolyzed at 700 °C. Gas, bio-oil, and biochar fractions were collected and characterized. The results revealed that biochar, bio-oil, and gas yields depended on the type of pomace fraction (fibers, endocarps, almonds, and deoiled almonds). The higher biochar yield was obtained by endocarps (31.9%wt.). Furthermore, the gas fraction generated at 700 °C presented an H2 content higher than 80%vol regardless of the butiá fraction used as raw material. The biochars presented specific surface areas reaching 220.4 m2 g-1. Additionally, the endocarp-derived biochar presented a CO2 adsorption capacity of 66.43 mg g-1 at 25 °C and 1 bar, showing that this material could be an effective adsorbent to capture this greenhouse gas. Moreover, this capacity was maintained for 5 cycles. Biochars produced from butiá precursors without activation resulted in a higher surface area and better performance than some activated carbons reported in the literature. The results highlighted that pyrolysis could provide a green solution for butiá agro-industrial wastes, generating H2 and an adsorbent for CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac dos S. Nunes
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, 1000-7, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Schnorr
- Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Daniele Perondi
- Postgraduate Program in Engineering Processes and Technology, University of Caxias do Sul—UCS, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Godinho
- Postgraduate Program in Engineering Processes and Technology, University of Caxias do Sul—UCS, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Julia C. Diel
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, 1000-7, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
| | - Lauren M. M. Machado
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, 1000-7, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
| | - Fabíola B. Dalla Nora
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, 1000-7, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
| | - Luis F. O. Silva
- Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Guilherme L. Dotto
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, 1000-7, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
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Kumar A, Singh E, Mishra R, Lo SL, Kumar S. A green approach towards sorption of CO 2 on waste derived biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113954. [PMID: 35917975 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon capture technologies have advanced in recent years to meet the ever-increasing quest to minimize excessive anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The most promising option for CO2 control has been identified as carbon capture and storage. Among the numerous sorbents, char generated from biomass thermal conversion has shown to be an efficient CO2 adsorbent. This study examines various characteristics that can be used to increase the yield of biochar suited for carbon sequestration. This review gives recent research progress in the area, stressing the variations and consequences of various preparation processes on textural features such as surface area, pore size and sorption performance with respect to CO2's sorption capacity. The adjoining gaps discovered in this field have also been highlighted herewith, which will serve as future work possibility. It aims to analyse and describe the possibilities and potential of employing pristine and modified biochar as a medium of CO2 capture. It also examines the parameters that influence biochar's CO2 adsorption ability and pertinent challenges regarding the production of biochar-based CO2 sorbent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chuo-Shan Rd., Taipei, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Ekta Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chuo-Shan Rd., Taipei, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Rahul Mishra
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shang-Lien Lo
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chuo-Shan Rd., Taipei, 10673, Taiwan; Water Innovation, Low Carbon and Environmental Sustainability Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India.
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Mathematical analysis of the effect of process conditions on the porous structure development of activated carbons derived from Pine cones. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15301. [PMID: 36096909 PMCID: PMC9468022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study on the influence of the degree of impregnation and activation temperature on the formation of the porous structure of activated carbons (ACs) obtained from Pine cones by the chemical activation process using potassium hydroxide as an activator. The advanced new numerical clustering based adsorption analysis (LBET) method, together with the implemented unique numerical procedure for the fast multivariant identification were applied to nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms determined for porous structure characterization of the ACs. Moreover, the Quenched Solid Density Functional Theory (QSDFT) method was chosen to determine pore size distributions. The results showed a significant influence of the primary structure of Pine cones on the formation of the porous structure of the developed ACs. Among others, it was evidenced by a very high degree of surface heterogeneity of all the obtained ACs, irrespective of the degree of impregnation with potassium hydroxide and the activation temperature. Moreover, the analysis of carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms showed, that the porous structure of the studied ACs samples contains micropores accessible only to carbon dioxide molecules. The results also showed a significant advantage of the LBET method over those conventionally used for porous structure analysis based on Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Dubinin–Raduskevich (DR) equations, because it takes into account surface heterogeneities. The novel analyses methods were more fully validated as a reliable characterization tool, by extending their application to the isotherms for ACs developed from the same precursor by phosphoric acid activation, and for samples arising from these ACs, further subjected to additional post-treatments. The effect of the raw material used as precursor was moreover analysed by comparison with previous reported results for other ACs. The complementarity of the results obtained with the LBET and QSDFT methods is also noteworthy, resulting in a more complete and reliable picture of the analyzed porous structures.
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25
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Sarrion A, de la Rubia A, Coronella C, Mohedano AF, Diaz E. Acid-mediated hydrothermal treatment of sewage sludge for nutrient recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156494. [PMID: 35667432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization allows material valorization and energy recovery from wet biomass waste. In this study, the hydrothermal treatment of dewatered waste-activated sludge (DWAS) was evaluated at several temperatures (170-230 °C) and reaction times (5-60 min) in an acid-free medium or in media such as citric acid or HCl (0.1-0.5 mol/L). Compared with the DWAS, an increase in the fixed carbon content (>45 wt%) and heating value (18.9-22.9 MJ/kg) was observed in the hydrochar; however, their ash content remained high, which is the main drawback hindering their direct use as a biofuel. The addition of acids during hydrothermal treatment favored the solubilization of N and P in the process water, which required strict control of the reaction time to avoid the recrystallization of P in the hydrochar. Under optimum operating conditions (230 °C, 15 min, 0.5 mol/L HCl), 94 % of P (as of PO4) and almost 100 % of N (14 % as NH4-N) present in the feedstock were concentrated in the process water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Sarrion
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Angeles de la Rubia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Charles Coronella
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Dept., University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., NV, United States
| | - Angel F Mohedano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Diaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Li S, Cho MK, Lee KB, Deng S, Zhao L, Yuan X, Wang J. Diamond in the rough: Polishing waste polyethylene terephthalate into activated carbon for CO 2 capture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155262. [PMID: 35447186 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The scientific community has believed the potential of waste PET plastics as an effective carbon precursor, however, developing PET-derived activated carbons (PETACs) for a specific application is still a challenge we are facing. To overcome the limitation, a whole chain from development method screening to experiments design, finally to sample optimization, for a sample with promising performance, is proposed in this work. By employing PETACs as CO2 adsorbents, the waste PET plastics, which we believed the "diamond in the rough", have been polished successfully. Therewith the problems of plastic pollution and the greenhouse effect could be simultaneously solved. The first half part of this paper is a mini review: the PETACs development methods were reviewed and the most suitable solution to develop CO2 adsorbent, i.e., the two-step chemical activation method, was selected. In addition to that, the necessary procedure variables and their value range were determined. In the second half part, the central composite design method was applied for experiments design in which the procedure variables obtained were regarded as the independent indicators (factors here) while the performance indicators, including yield, CO2 adsorption uptake, and CO2 over N2 selectivity, were treated as the dependent indicators (responses here). The responses were obtained through the characterization of the samples developed and statistical analysis could be applied to reveal the relations between the factors and responses. A high-value PETAC, P600K600-1.5, with the highest gas selectivity (22.189) and decent CO2 adsorption uptake (3.933 mmol/g) was successfully designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shuai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangzhou Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; R&D Centre, Sun Brand Industrial Inc., Jeollanam-do 57248, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyao Wang
- Guangdong Research Center for Climate Change, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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Rahimi M, Abbaspour-Fard MH, Rohani A, Yuksel Orhan O, Li X. Modeling and Optimizing N/O-Enriched Bio-Derived Adsorbents for CO 2 Capture: Machine Learning and DFT Calculation Approaches. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahimi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Rohani
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Ozge Yuksel Orhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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28
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Li K, Niu X, Zhang D, Guo H, Zhu X, Yin H, Lin Z, Fu M. Renewable biochar derived from mixed sewage sludge and pine sawdust for carbon dioxide capture. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119399. [PMID: 35525511 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main anthropogenic greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. In this study, a series of KOH-modified biochars derived from feedstock mixtures (i.e., S3W7 biomass consisting of 70% pine sawdust and 30% sewage sludge; S5W5 biomass consisting of 50% pine sawdust and 50% sewage sludge) at different temperature (i.e., 600-800 °C) were prepared for evaluating CO2 adsorption performance. The KOH-activated biochars prepared with S3W7 biomass displayed larger surface areas and micropore volumes compared to those of S5W5 biochars. In particular, the highest CO2 adsorption capacity (177.1 mg/g) was observed on S3W7 biomass at 700 °C (S3W7-700K), due to the largest surface area (2623 m2/g) and the highest micropore volume (0.68 cm3/g). Furthermore, surface functional groups, hydrophobicity, and aromaticity of biochar and presence of hetero atoms (N) also were actively involved in CO2 adsorption of biochar. In addition, in situ DRIFTS analysis advanced current understanding for the chemical sorption mechanisms by identifying the transformation composites of CO2 on biochars, and characterizing the weakly adsorbed and newly formed mineral species (e.g., carbonates) during the CO2 sorption process. This study may provide an insight into the research of CO2 capture by identifying physical and chemical adsorption, and expand the effective utilization of natural biomass-based biochar for mitigation greenhouse gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
| | - Huafang Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Xifen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Hua Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingli Fu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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29
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Wang C, Zou R, Qian M, Kong X, Huo E, Lin X, Wang L, Zhang X, Ruan R, Lei H. Improvement of the carbon yield from biomass carbonization through sulfuric acid pre-dehydration at room temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127251. [PMID: 35504425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pre-dehydration of a woody biomass waste (Douglas fir, DF) with 4.6-32 wt% of diluted sulfuric acid solutions was carried out mainly at room temperature aimed to improve the carbon yield from the thermal carbonization of pre-dehydrated biomass at 500 °C. By comparison (based on the raw DF), the pre-dehydration at room temperature increased the biochar yield and carbon retention up to about 32 wt% and 54%, respectively from that of about 22 wt% and 39% without pre-dehydration. When the pre-dehydration temperature increased to 90 °C, the biochar yield and carbon retention were sharply promoted to about 44 wt% and 76%, which was about two times higher than that of the biochar obtained without pre-treatment. This work for the first time proved the effectiveness of improving the carbon yield from lignocellulosic biomass via diluted sulfuric acid-assisted pre-dehydration at low or even room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Rongge Zou
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Moriko Qian
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Xiao Kong
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Erguang Huo
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
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30
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Gopalan J, Buthiyappan A, Raman AAA. Insight into metal-impregnated biomass based activated carbon for enhanced carbon dioxide adsorption: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Kwiatkowski M, Kalderis D, Tono W, Tsubota T. Numerical analysis of the micropore structure of activated carbons focusing on optimum CO2 adsorption. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
The rise of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere emphasises the need for improving the current carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. A conventional absorption method that utilises amine-based solvent is known to cause corrosion to process equipment. The solvent is easily degraded and has high energy requirement for regeneration. Amino acids are suitable candidates to replace traditional alkanolamines attributed to their identical amino functional group. In addition, amino acid salt is a green material due to its extremely low toxicity, low volatility, less corrosive, and high efficiency to capture CO2. Previous studies have shown promising results in CO2 capture using amino acids salts solutions and amino acid ionic liquids. Currently, amino acid solvents are also utilised to enhance the adsorption capacity of solid sorbents. This systematic review is the first to summarise the currently available amino acid-based adsorbents for CO2 capture using PRISMA method. Physical and chemical properties of the adsorbents that contribute to effective CO2 capture are thoroughly discussed. A total of four categories of amino acid-based adsorbents are evaluated for their CO2 adsorption capacities. The regeneration studies are briefly discussed and several limitations associated with amino acid-based adsorbents for CO2 capture are presented before the conclusion.
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Alenezi GT, Rajendran N, Abdel Nazeer A, Makhseed S. Development of Uniform Porous Carbons From Polycarbazole Phthalonitriles as Durable CO2 Adsorbent and Supercapacitor Electrodes. Front Chem 2022; 10:879815. [PMID: 35548674 PMCID: PMC9081769 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.879815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in new porous materials have recognized great consideration in CO2 capture and electrochemical energy storage (EES) applications. In this study, we reported a synthesis of two nitrogen-enriched KOH-activated porous carbons prepared from polycarbazole phthalonitrile networks through direct pyrolysis protocol. The highest specific surface area of the carbon material prepared by pyrolysis of p-4CzPN polymer reaches 1,279 m2 g−1. Due to the highly rigid and reticular structure of the precursor, the obtained c-4CzPN–KOH carbon material exhibits high surface area, uniform porosity, and shows excellent CO2 capture performance of 19.5 wt% at 0°C. Moreover, the attained porous carbon c-4CzPN–KOH showed high energy storage capacities of up to 451 F g−1 in aqueous electrolytes containing 6.0 M KOH at a current density of 1 A g-1. The prepared carbon material also exhibits excellent charge/discharge cycle stability and retains 95.9% capacity after 2000 cycles, indicating promising electrode materials for supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narendran Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Abdel Nazeer
- Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals Research Center, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Saad Makhseed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Saad Makhseed,
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Gong L, Hang Y, Li J, Dai G, Bao A. Simple fabrication of a phosphorus‐doped hierarchical porous carbon via soft‐template method for efficient CO
2
capture. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhen Gong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot China
| | - Yongping Hang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot China
| | - Jinhao Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot China
| | - Gang Dai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot China
| | - Agula Bao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot China
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Cao L, Zhang X, Xu Y, Xiang W, Wang R, Ding F, Hong P, Gao B. Straw and wood based biochar for CO2 capture: Adsorption performance and governing mechanisms. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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