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Mustafa G, Hussain S, Liu Y, Ali I, Liu J, Bano H. Microbiology of wetlands and the carbon cycle in coastal wetland mediated by microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:175734. [PMID: 39244048 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Wetlands are highly diverse and productive and are among the three most important natural ecosystems worldwide, among which coastal wetlands are particularly valuable because they have been shown to provide important functions for human populations. They provide a wide variety of ecological services and values that are critical to humans. Their value may increase with increased use or scarcity owing to human progress, such as agriculture and urbanization. The potential assessment for one coastal wetland habitat to be substituted by another landscape depends on analyzing complex microbial communities including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and protozoa common in different wetlands. Moreover, the number and quality of resources in coastal wetlands, including nutrients and energy sources, are also closely related to the size and variety of the microbial communities. In this review, we discussed types of wetlands, how human activities had altered the carbon cycle, how climate change affected wetland services and functions, and identified some ways to promote their conservation and restoration that provide a range of benefits, including carbon sequestration. Current data also indicated that the coastal ocean acted as a net sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide in a post-industrial age and continuous human pressure would make a major impact on the evolution the coastal ocean carbon budget in the future. Coastal wetland ecosystems contain diverse microbial communities, and their composition of microbial communities will tend to change rapidly in response to environmental changes, as can serve as significant markers for identifying these changes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Sarfraz Hussain
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Imran Ali
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hamida Bano
- Key Laboratory of integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
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Wang Y, Fang J, Li X, Li C, Zhao Y, Liu J. Microorganisms Directly Affected Sediment Carbon–Nitrogen Coupling in Two Constructed Wetlands. WATER 2024; 16:1550. [DOI: 10.3390/w16111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Clarifying the carbon–nitrogen coupling pattern in wetlands is crucial for understanding the driving mechanism of wetland carbon sequestration. However, the impacts of plants and environmental factors on the coupling of carbon–nitrogen in wetland sediments are still unclear. Sediment samples from plant (Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis)-covered habitats and bare land were collected in two constructed wetlands in northern China. The contents of different forms of carbon and nitrogen in sediments and plants, and the sediment microbial community were detected. It was found that the sediment carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios did not differ significantly in the bare sites of different wetlands, but did in the plant-covered sites, which highlighted the different role of plants in shifting the carbon–nitrogen coupling in different constructed wetlands. The effects of plants on the sediment carbon–nitrogen coupling differed in two constructed wetlands, so the structural equation model was used and found that sediment microorganisms directly affected sediment C/N ratios, while water and sediment physicochemical properties indirectly affected sediment C/N ratios by altering sediment microbial functions. Multiple linear regression models showed that water pH, sediment moisture content, water dissolved oxygen, and water depth had a greater influence on the carbon metabolism potential of the sediment microbial community, while sediment moisture content had the greatest impact on the sediment microbial nitrogen metabolism potential. The study indicates that variations in environmental conditions could alter the influence of plants on the carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetland sediments. Water environmental factors mainly affect microbial carbon metabolism functions, while soil physicochemical factors, especially water content, affect microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiaohui Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Xin Li
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Changchao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongkang Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Dong H, Hu Y, Qian L, Yan J, Gao L, Mei W, Zhang J, Chen X, Wu P, Sun Y, Fu X, Xie M, Wang L. Preliminary manifestation of the Yangtze River Protection Strategy in improving the carbon sink function of estuary wetlands. iScience 2024; 27:108974. [PMID: 38327790 PMCID: PMC10847750 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the Yangtze River Protection Strategy was proposed and a series of measures were applied to restore the health and function of the Yangtze River ecosystem. However, the impact of these measures on the carbon (C) sink capacity of the Yangtze River estuary wetlands has not been exhaustively studied. In this work, the effects of these measures on the C sink capacity of Yangtze River estuary wetlands were examined through the long-term monitoring of C fluxes, soil respiration, plant growth and water quality. The C flux of the Yangtze River estuary wetlands has become increasingly negative after the implementation of these measures, mainly owing to reduction in soil CO2 emission. The decrease in the chemical fertilizer release and returning farmland to wetland had led to the improvement of water quality in the estuary area, which further reduced soil heterotrophic microbial activity, and ultimately decreasing soil CO2 emissions of estuary wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Urban Construction Design and Research Institute, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Liwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Research Department of Energy and Eco-Environment, Zhejiang Development & Planning Institute, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Jianfang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
| | - Lianying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenxuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiuzhi Chen
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Affairs Center, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Affairs Center, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Affairs Center, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mengdi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Xie M, Qian L, Dong H, Mei W, Fu X, Hu Y, Yan J, Sun Y, Wu P, Chen X, Wang L. The high organic carbon accumulation in estuarine wetlands necessarily does not represent a high CO 2 sequestration capacity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107762. [PMID: 36689865 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine wetlands with high organic carbon (OC) accumulation rates due to their high plant biomass and interception of tide-derived OC are generally considered as large CO2 sinks. However, our previous study found that tidal OC input seems to stimulate soil CO2 emissions, potentially weakening CO2 sequestration in estuarine wetlands. To further verify this phenomenon, we first established a structural equation model, which confirmed a positive correlation between tidal OC input and soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil respiration. We then performed trace analysis to determine the stability of SOC derived from different sources and its effect on soil CO2 emissions by analyzing the input and retention of OC derived from tides and plants in the Yangtze Estuary wetlands. From upstream to downstream, as tidal OC input decreased, the relative retention ratio of the tidal OC in wetland soil increased from 1.259 to 2.148, whereas the relative retention ratio of plant OC in the soil decreased from 61.5% to 14.8%. Our findings indicated that the degradability of tidal OC was higher upstream than that downstream, but both inhibited plant OC degradation, thus providing an important reason for the higher CO2 emissions upstream of wetlands (with higher tidal OC input). In addition, the primarily contributor to CO2 (δ13) emissions' transforming from plant SOC (81.35%) to tidal SOC (91.18%) was an increase in organic matter input from the tide in a microcosm system. Consequently, a higher CO2 output than CO2 input (plant OC) due to the ready degradation of tidal OC consequently weakens the CO2 sequestration capacity of the estuarine wetlands. This phenomenon is cause for concern regarding the CO2 sink function of estuarine wetlands intercepting large amounts of organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Research Department of Energy and Eco-Environment, Zhejiang Development & Planning Institute, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Haoyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenxuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianfang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Center, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Center, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xiuzhi Chen
- Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Management Center, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Mei W, Yin Q, Tian X, Fu X, Guan Y, Wang L. Optimization of plant harvest and management patterns to enhance the carbon sink of reclaimed wetland in the Yangtze River estuary. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114954. [PMID: 35338985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine wetlands are often located in economically developed and densely populated estuarine deltas, which are frequently disturbed and threatened by human activities. Reclamation, as an important way to alleviate the demand for local land resources, can lead to habitat destruction of natural coastal wetlands and weakening of ecological service functions, including carbon sink capacity. Research has shown that poor plant growth and weakened carbon fixation were the main reasons for the reduced carbon sequestration in a reclaimed wetland. This study aimed to examine the impacts of plant management on the improvement or restoration of carbon sink function in Chongming Dongtan reclaimed wetland, located in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. A management pattern that could effectively enhance the carbon sink function of the reclaimed wetland was selected based on analyses of the effects of different plant harvesting and management patterns (no harvesting, harvesting without returning to the field, direct straw return, and charred straw return) on the plant growth, carbon fixation, and soil respiration, combined with whole-life-cycle carbon footprint evaluation from straw harvest to field return. Compared with no harvesting, the aboveground biomass of direct straw return and charred straw return increased by about 12.3% and 15.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, straw charring released the least amount of CO2 (1.94 μmol m-2 s-1) and inhibited degradation of soil organic carbon through affecting its microbial community structure. Moreover, considering the carbon budget of different patterns, the charred straw return pattern also most effectively enhanced the carbon sink function and thus could be used for subsequent improvement of carbon sequestration in reclaimed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiuxiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Dongtan Wetlands International Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 202183, China
| | - Xiaoping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yongjian Guan
- Dongtan Wetlands International Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 202183, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Effects of Prescribed Burning on Soil CO2 Emissions from Pinus yunnanensis Forestland in Central Yunnan, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of low-intensity and high-frequency prescribed burning on the soil CO2 emissions from Pinus yunnanensis forestland should be explored to achieve sustainable operation and management under fire disturbance. A Li-6400XT portable photosynthesis meter (equipped with a Li-6400-09 soil respiration chamber) and a TRIME®-PICO 64/32 soil temperature and moisture meter were used to measure the soil CO2 flux, soil temperature, and soil moisture at fixed observation sites in two treatments (i.e., unburned (UB) and after prescribed burning (AB)) in a Pinus yunnanensis forest of Zhaobi Mountain, Xinping County, Yunnan, China from March 2019 to February 2021. We also determined the relationships between the soil CO2 flux and soil hydrothermal factors. The results showed that (1) the soil CO2 flux in both UB and AB plots exhibited a significant unimodal trend of seasonal variations. In 2020, the highest soil CO2 fluxes occurred in September; they were 7.08 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 in the morning and 7.63 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 in the afternoon in the AB treatment, which was significantly lower than those in the UB treatment (p < 0.05). The AB and the UB treatment showed no significant differences in annual soil carbon flux (p > 0.05). (2) The relationship between the soil CO2 flux and moisture in the AB and UB plots was best fitted by a quadratic function, with a degree of fitting between 0.435 and 0.753. The soil CO2 flux and soil moisture showed an inverted U-shaped correlation in the UB plot (p < 0.05) but a positive correlation in the AB plot (p < 0.05). Soil moisture was the key factor affecting the soil CO2 flux (p < 0.05), while soil temperature showed no significant effect on soil CO2 flux in this area (p > 0.05). Therefore, the application of low-intensity prescribed burning for fire hazard reduction in this region achieved the objective without causing a persistent and drastic increase in the soil CO2 emissions. The results could provide important theoretical support for scientific implementation of prescribed burning, as well as scientific evaluation of ecological and environmental effects after prescribed burning.
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