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Wen J, Chuai X, Xiang A, Liu Y, Wang T, Luo Y, Miao L, Zhang L, Li J, Zhao R. Re-identifying farmland carbon neutrality gap under a new carbon counting and the framework of regional interactions in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175996. [PMID: 39233066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The farmland ecosystem, with its numerous material cycles and energy flows, is an important part of the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Focusing on the carbon neutrality of farmland is meaningful for mitigating global warming and serving national low-carbon strategies. This study enriches the carbon accounting items of farmland and establishes a new research framework to check the carbon neutrality of farmland from the aspect of regional interactions and, subsequently, the inequality among China's provinces. The results revealed that there is still a great gap in the capability of China's farmland to reach carbon neutrality, with a gap value of up to 10,503 × 104 t C. All of the provinces presented net carbon emissions, and the per unit area carbon neutrality gaps showed spatial regularity decreasing from the coastal regions to the inland areas. Anthropogenic carbon emissions on farmland played a dominant role compared with soil organic carbon. Five provinces had reduced interior-regional carbon emissions through grain trade, and the amounts were especially high for developed regions, such as Guangdong, Zhejiang, Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu. Sixteen provinces gained external carbon emissions through trade; these were the less developed regions located mainly in the north, such as Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Xinjiang. Under regional inequality, 15 provinces added to the net amount of the carbon emissions generated in external regions, with China's megacities adding the highest percentage, especially Beijing, with 389.95 % compared with its original emissions. Inequality showed that most provinces had a moderate status. Sichuan and Hunan experienced weak advantages, and six provinces had disadvantages. Therefore, constructing compensation and trade-based rights and responsibilities traceability mechanisms is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqun Wen
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Chuai
- School of Geography & Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ai Xiang
- School of Geography & Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Geography & Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- School of Geography & Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lijuan Miao
- School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Libao Zhang
- Qianxi County Branch of Tangshan Ecological Environment Bureau, Qianxi 064300,Hebei Province, China
| | - Jianbao Li
- School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rongqin Zhao
- School of Surveying and Geo-informatics, North China University of Water Resource and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
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Zhao Y, Wang L, Jiang Q, Wang Z. Sensitivity of gross primary production to precipitation and the driving factors in China's agricultural ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174938. [PMID: 39047829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent climate warming has significantly affected the sensitivity of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) to precipitation within China's agricultural ecosystems. Nonetheless, the spatial and temporal nonlinear evolution patterns of GPP-precipitation sensitivity under climate change, as well as the underlying drivers and long-term trends of this sensitivity, are not well understood. This study employs correlation analysis to quantify the sensitivity between GPP and precipitation in China's agricultural ecosystems, and utilizes nonlinear detection algorithms to examine the long-term changes in this sensitivity. Advanced machine learning techniques and frameworks are subsequently applied to analyze the driving factors of GPP-precipitation sensitivity in China's agricultural ecosystems. The findings reveal that approximately 49.00 % of the analyzed pixels exhibit a significant positive correlation between GPP and precipitation. Nonlinear change analysis indicates spatial heterogeneity in GPP-precipitation sensitivity across China's agricultural ecosystems, with patterns showing initial increases followed by decreases accounting for 25.12 %, and patterns of initial decreases followed by increases at 13.27 %. Machine learning analysis identifies temperature, soil moisture, and crop water footprint as the primary factors influencing GPP-precipitation sensitivity in agricultural ecosystems. This study is the first to introduce crop water footprint as a significant factor in the analysis of GPP-precipitation sensitivity. It not only offers new insights into the temporal nonlinear changes and driving factors of GPP-precipitation sensitivity but also underscores the importance of enhancing agricultural water efficiency to maintain agricultural ecosystem health and ensure food security under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhu Zhao
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Luchen Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiuxiang Jiang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zilong Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Zhang S, Wang F, Wang Y, Chen X, Xu P, Miao H. Shifts of soil archaeal nitrification and methanogenesis with elevation in water level fluctuation zone of the three Gorges Reservoir, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117871. [PMID: 37030237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The water level fluctuation zone is a unique ecological zone exposed to long-term drying and flooding and plays a critical role in the transport and transformation of carbon and nitrogen materials in reservoir-river systems. Archaea are a vital component of soil ecosystems in the water level fluctuation zones, however, the distribution and function of archaeal communities in responde to long-term wet and dry alternations are still unclear. The community structure of archaea in the drawdown areas at various elevations of the Three Gorges Reservoir was investigated by selecting surface soils (0-5 cm) of different inundation durations at three sites from upstream to downstream according to the flooding pattern. The results revealed that prolonged flooding and drying increased the community diversity of soil archaea, with ammonia-oxidizing archaea being the dominant species in non-flooded regions, while methanogenic archaea were abundant in soils that had been flooded for an extended period of time. Long-term alternation of wetting and drying increases methanogenesis but decreases nitrification. It was determined that soil pH, NO3--N, TOC and TN are significant environmental factors affecting the composition of soil archaeal communities (P = 0.02). Long-term flooding and drying changed the community composition of soil archaea by altering environmental factors, which in turn influenced nitrification and methanogenesis in soils at different elevations. These findings contribute to our understanding of soil carbon and nitrogen transport transformation processes in the water level fluctuation zone as well as the effects of long-term wet and dry alternation on soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. The results of this study can provide a basis for ecological management, environmental management, and long-term operation of reservoirs in water level fluctuation zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengman Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yuchun Wang
- China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Xueping Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Peifan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Haocheng Miao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Wang Q, Le Noë J, Li Q, Lan T, Gao X, Deng O, Li Y. Incorporating agricultural practices in digital mapping improves prediction of cropland soil organic carbon content: The case of the Tuojiang River Basin. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117203. [PMID: 36603267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Accurate mapping of soil organic carbon (SOC) in cropland is essential for improving soil management in agriculture and assessing the potential of different strategies aiming at climate change mitigation. Cropland management practices have large impacts on agricultural soils, but have rarely been considered in previous SOC mapping work. In this study, cropland management practices including carbon input (CI), length of cultivation (LC), and irrigation (Irri) were incorporated as agricultural management covariates and integrated with natural variables to predict the spatial distribution of SOC using the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model. Additionally, we evaluated the performance of incorporating agricultural management practice variables in the prediction of cropland topsoil SOC. A case study was carried out in a traditional agricultural area in the Tuojiang River Basin, China. We found that CI was the most important environmental covariate for predicting cropland SOC. Adding cropland management practices to natural variables improved prediction accuracy, with the coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean squared error (RMSE) and Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient (LCCC) improving by 16.67%, 17.75% and 5.62%, respectively. Our results highlight the effectiveness of incorporating agricultural management practice information into SOC prediction models. We conclude that the construction of spatio-temporal database of agricultural management practices derived from inventories is a research priority to improve the reliability of SOC model prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Laboratoire de Géologie, École normale supérieure, Université PSL, IPSL, Paris, France
| | - Julia Le Noë
- Laboratoire de Géologie, École normale supérieure, Université PSL, IPSL, Paris, France
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Lan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuesong Gao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Ouping Deng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611130, China
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Wang Y, Tao F, Yin L, Chen Y. Spatiotemporal changes in greenhouse gas emissions and soil organic carbon sequestration for major cropping systems across China and their drivers over the past two decades. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155087. [PMID: 35421495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chinese agricultural systems have experienced dramatic changes in crop planting area, cropping system, irrigation and fertilization managements, and crop yields in recent decades. These changes can substantially affect greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in croplands. However, the spatiotemporal patterns, as well as their driving factors and mechanisms, have not been well understood. Here, the Denitrification-Decomposition model is calibrated and validated to estimate nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions and SOC sequestration for seven major cropping systems in China during 2001-2020. The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method is further applied to attribute the net GHG emissions (NGEs) trend to various drivers. The results show that the total N2O emissions, CH4 emissions, and SOC sequestration were approximately 23.7, 182.0, and 177.6 Tg CO2-eq/year in the croplands across China. The national average NGEs per unit area ranged from -8705 to 8431 kg CO2-eq ha-1 year-1 across the major cropping systems. During 2001-2020, the trend in national annual NGEs was 0.66 kg CO2-eq ha-1 year-2, ranging from -78.9 to 82.2 kg CO2-eq ha-1 year-2 across the major cropping systems. The paddy lands were mainly a carbon source due to the large amount of CH4 emissions while the uplands could be a carbon sink owing to SOC sequestration. As a whole, the cropland in China was a carbon source with the NGEs equal to 28.4 Tg CO2-eq/year, and the NGEs increased by 0.047 Tg CO2-eq/year2 in the past 20 years. Nationally, changes in crop planting area and yields reduced the NGEs whereas changes in nitrogen use efficiency and cropping systems increased them, although the major factors and their impacts varied greatly among regions. Optimizing cropping systems and nitrogen fertilization based on the local genotype, environment and management should be the most effective method to reduce the NGEs in croplands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fulu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki 00790, Finland.
| | - Lichang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Rao P, Liu X, Zhu S, Kang X, Zhao X, Xie F. Does the Application of ICTs Improve the Efficiency of Agricultural Carbon Reduction? Evidence from Broadband Adoption in Rural China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137844. [PMID: 35805502 PMCID: PMC9265305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, this paper examines whether rural broadband adoption affects agricultural carbon reduction efficiency (ACRE), using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2019. This paper achieves a measurement of ACRE by taking the carbon sink of agricultural as one of the desired outputs and using a Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) model and the global Malmquist–Luenberger (GML) index. The results show that: (1) Rural broadband adoption has a positive effect on ACRE. The relationship between the income of rural residents and ACRE was an inverted U-shaped, which confirms the EKC hypothesis. (2) Land transfer has a significant promoting effect on the relationship between rural broadband adoption and ACRE. When the land transfer rate is high, the positive effect of broadband adoption is obvious. (3) The positive effect of broadband adoption on ACRE was more obvious when farmers invested more in production equipment, that is to say, it has a significant positive moderating effect. As farmers in many developing countries suffer from increasingly frequent and severe extreme weather events, we believe that the results of this study also have implications for the implementation of agricultural carbon reduction and smart agricultural equipment roll-out in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Rao
- School of Management and Economics, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.R.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- School of Management and Economics, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.R.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shubin Zhu
- Institute of Rural Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (F.X.)
| | - Xiaolan Kang
- Institute of Rural Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
| | - Xinglei Zhao
- School of Management and Economics, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.R.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Fangting Xie
- College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Research Academy for Rural Revitalization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (F.X.)
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