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Wan L, Zhao Y, Xia L, Hu J, Xue T, Lv H, Yao Z, Meng F, Li G, Lin S, Butterbach-Bahl K. Assessing the environmental sustainability of different soil disinfestation methods used in solar greenhouse vegetable production systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 885:163962. [PMID: 37149197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of fertilizers and irrigation and continuous monocropping is increasingly jeopardizing vegetable production in solar greenhouses as it causes serious soil degradation and the spread of soil-borne diseases. As a countermeasure, the practice of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) has been recently introduced, which is carried out during the summer fallow period. However, ASD may increase N leaching and greenhouse gas emissions when large amounts of chicken manure are applied. This study assesses how the use of different amounts of chicken manure (CM) combined with rice shells (RS) or maize straw (MS) affects soil O2 availability, N leaching, and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions during and following the ASD period. Application of RS or MS alone effectively stimulated long-lasting soil anaerobiosis without major stimulating effects on N2O emission and N leaching. Seasonal N leaching and N2O emissions were in the ranges of 144-306 and 3-44 kg N ha-1, respectively, and were strongly increasing with increasing rates of manure application. Combining high rates of manure application with additional incorporation of crop residues further increased N2O emissions by 56 %-90 % as compared to the standard practice of farmers (1200 kg N ha-1 CM). About 56 %-91 % of seasonal N2O emissions occurred during the ASD period, whereas N leaching mainly occurred in the cropping period (75 %-100 %). Our study shows, that for priming ASD incorporation of crop residue is sufficient and that the addition of chicken manure for ASD is not needed and should be reduced or even prohibited as it does not improve yields but stimulates the emission of the strong GHG N2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467, Germany
| | - Yiming Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Longlong Xia
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467, Germany
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tongxin Xue
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haofeng Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhisheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fanqiao Meng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoyuan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei, 432000, China
| | - Shan Lin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei, 432000, China.
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; Pioneer center Land-CRAFT, Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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