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Li P, Chen C, Liu D, Lian J, Li W, Fan C, Yan L, Gao Y, Wang M, Liu H, Pan X, Mao J. Characteristics and source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds and ozone generation sensitivity in urban Jiaozuo, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 138:607-625. [PMID: 38135424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many cities have taken measures to reduce volatile organic compounds (VOCs), an important precursor of ozone (O3), to alleviate O3 pollution in China. 116 VOC species were measured by online and offline methods in the urban area of Jiaozuo from May to October in 2021 to analyze the compositional characteristics. VOC sources were analyzed by a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, and the sensitivity of ozone generation was determined by ozone isopleth plotting research (OZIPR) simulation. The results showed that the average volume concentration of total VOCs was 30.54 ppbv and showed a bimodal feature due to the rush-hour traffic in the morning and at nightfall. The most dominant VOC groups were oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs, 29.3%) and alkanes (26.7%), and the most abundant VOC species were acetone and acetylene. However, based on the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method, the major VOC groups in terms of ozone formation potential (OFP) contribution were OVOCs (68.09 µg/m3, 31.5%), aromatics (62.90 µg/m3, 29.1%) and alkene/alkynes (54.90 µg/m3, 25.4%). This indicates that the control of OVOCs, aromatics and alkene/alkynes should take priority. Five sources of VOCs were quantified by PMF, including fixed sources of fossil fuel combustion (27.8%), industrial processes (25.9%), vehicle exhaust (19.7%), natural and secondary formation (13.9%) and solvent usage (12.7%). The empirical kinetic modeling approach (EKMA) curve obtained by OZIPR on O3 exceedance days indicated that the O3 sensitivity varied in different months. The results provide theoretical support for O3 pollution prevention and control in Jiaozuo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhao Li
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chun Chen
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring Technology, Henan Ecological Environment Monitoring and Safety Center, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring Technology, Henan Ecological Environment Monitoring and Safety Center, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jie Lian
- Jiaozuo Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jiaozuo Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Chuanyi Fan
- Jiaozuo Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Liangyu Yan
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaole Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jing Mao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Yang H, Ren B, Huang Y, Zhang Z, Hu W, Liu M, Zhao H, Jiang G, Hao Z. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from internal floating-roof tank in oil depots in Beijing: Influencing factors and emission reduction strategies analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170222. [PMID: 38244630 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The internal floating-roof tank is the main type of storage tank for refined oil products. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission from the internal floating-roof tank plays a dominant role in the unorganized emission source of the oil depot. In this study, we selected six typical oil depots in Beijing to investigate VOC emission characteristics from the tank top vent hole using infrared imaging technology and flame ionization detector (FID). The results reveal that infrared thermal imager is efficient in quickly identifying the emission level of the tank discharge point. The ambient temperature and wind speed have a direct effect on sealing loss, the turnover can greatly influence the wall hanging loss, and the concentration of VOCs emitted from the tank top vent hole is negatively correlated with liquid height. Furthermore, the influence of accessories type of the internal floating-roof tank on the concentration of VOCs emission from the top vent hole is also studied when other parameters remain unchanged, and find the floating deck type and sealing mode have a significant influence on their VOCs emissions, of which the combination of pontoon type floating deck and secondary seal are effective in controlling the concentration of VOCs emitted from the tank top vent hole. Finally, based on our experimental results, several feasible emission reduction strategies are proposed in terms of source prevention and process control in order to achieve the fine management of the whole process. This paper provides important technical support and policy thoughts for VOCs emission control during oil storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Biqi Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yuhu Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300027, China.
| | - Zhongshen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Beijing Vehicle Emission Management Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Guoxia Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Zhengping Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
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Chen Y, Shi Y, Ren J, You G, Zheng X, Liang Y, Simayi M, Hao Y, Xie S. VOC species controlling O 3 formation in ambient air and their sources in Kaifeng, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27595-w. [PMID: 37219773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of ozone has been in a rising crescendo in the last decade while the fine particles (PM2.5) is gradually decreasing but still at a high level in central China. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the vital precursors of ozone and PM2.5. A total of 101 VOC species were measured in four seasons at five sites from 2019 to 2021 in Kaifeng. VOC sources and geographic origin of sources were identified by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory transport model. The source-specific OH loss rates (LOH) and ozone formation potential (OFP) were calculated to estimate the effects of each VOC source. The average mixing ratios of total VOCs (TVOC) were 43.15 parts per billion (ppb), of which the alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, halocarbons, and oxygenated VOCs respectively accounted for 49%, 12%, 11%, 14%, and 14%. Although the mixing ratios of alkenes were comparatively low, they played a dominant role in the LOH and OFP, especially ethene (0.55 s-1, 7%; 27.11 μg/m3, 10%) and 1,3-butadiene (0.74 s-1, 10%; 12.52 μg/m3, 5%). The vehicle-related source which emitted considerable alkenes ranked as the foremost contributing factor (21%). Biomass burning was probably influenced by other cities in the western and southern Henan and other provinces, Shandong and Hebei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie Ren
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guiying You
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xudong Zheng
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Maimaiti Simayi
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yufang Hao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Shaodong Xie
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Zeng X, Han M, Ren G, Liu G, Wang X, Du K, Zhang X, Lin H. A comprehensive investigation on source apportionment and multi-directional regional transport of volatile organic compounds and ozone in urban Zhengzhou. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 334:139001. [PMID: 37220798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To understand the characteristics, source apportionment, and regional transport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ozone (O3) in a typical city with severe air pollution in central China, we observed and analyzed 115 VOC species at an urban site in Zhengzhou from 29 July to 26 September 2021. During this period, observation- and emission-based approaches revealed that Zhengzhou was in a VOC-limited regime. The average concentration of total VOCs (TVOCs) was 162.25 ± 71.42 μg/m3, dominated by oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs, 34.49%), alkanes (24.29%), and aromatics (19.49%). Six VOC sources were identified using positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, including paint solvent usage (25.32%), secondary production (24.11%), industrial production (19.22%), vehicle exhaust (16.18%), biogenic emission (8.87%), and combustion (6.30%). To assess the regional contribution and source apportionment of VOCs and O3, Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) with the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology (OSAT) was used for simulation. Results showed that the VOCs were significantly affected by local emissions (about 70%), while O3 was mainly attributed to regional and super-regional transport. Regarding multi-directional regional transport of VOCs and O3, dominant contributions were from the northeast and east-northeast directions, and O3 contributions were also predominantly from the east and east-southeast directions. In terms of source apportionment, the transportation and industrial sectors (including solvent usage) were the major contributors to O3 and VOCs. To alleviate VOCs and O3 pollution, transportation and industrial emission reduction should be strengthened, and regional coordination, especially from the northeast to east-southeast directions, should be emphasized in addition to local management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zeng
- Division of Thermophysics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengjuan Han
- Division of Thermophysics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ge Ren
- Division of Thermophysics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Gege Liu
- Division of Thermophysics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kailun Du
- Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Division of Thermophysics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Metrology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Guan Y, Liu X, Zheng Z, Dai Y, Du G, Han J, Hou L, Duan E. Summer O 3 pollution cycle characteristics and VOCs sources in a central city of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121293. [PMID: 36804559 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the major pollutants influencing urban air quality in China is O3. O3 is the second most important pollutant affecting air quality in Shijiazhuang, which is the third largest city in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area and the provincial capital of Hebei province. To fully understand the characteristics of O3 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are O3 precursors, and the role of VOCs to ozone formation, we measured the hourly concentrations of O3 and 85 VOCs in Shijiazhuang continuously from January to November 2020, and the concentration characteristics of both together with the chemical reactivity and sources of VOCs were analyzed from a seasonal perspective. The O3 concentration in Shijiazhuang showed a phenomenon of high summer and low winter, and the VOCs showed a phenomenon of high winter and low spring. In the summer when the O3 exceedance rate is the highest, the time-domain variation characteristics of O3 were analyzed by wavelet analysis model, and the main periods controlling the O3 concentration variation in Shijiazhuang in summer 2020 were 52 days, 32 days, 19 days and 12 days. The maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) and propylene equivalence method indicated ethene, propylene and 1-pentene were common substances in the top five species of each season. The T/B, Iso-p/N-p, Iso-p/E, N-p/E, and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model showed that industrial source (18.62%-22.03%) and vehicle emission (13.20%-17.69%) were the major VOCs sources in Shijiazhuang. Therefore, to control the O3 concentration in Shijiazhuang, it is necessary to decrease alkenes emissions as well as VOCs from industrial source and vehicle emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China; National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Volatile Organic Compounds and Odorous Pollution Control, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Zhiyang Zheng
- Baiyangdian River Basin Ecological Environment Guarantee Center, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Yanwei Dai
- Hebei Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Guimin Du
- Hebei Province Ecological Environment Emergency and Heavy Pollution Weather Forewarning Center, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China; National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Volatile Organic Compounds and Odorous Pollution Control, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.
| | | | - Erhong Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China; National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Volatile Organic Compounds and Odorous Pollution Control, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
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Ghosh D, Basak M, Deka D, Das G. Quinoxaline-probe embedded injectable fluorogenic hydrogels: Comparative detection of mesitylene in guar gum and i-carrageenan hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:615-623. [PMID: 36592851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The innovation of novel chemosensor probes for the recognition of trace volatile organic compounds is critical due to their hazardous effect on the environment and human health. A nitro-group integrated quinoxaline probe with a profound discriminative fluorescence 'turn-on' response to mesitylene was fabricated into guar gum and i-carrageenan, two biopolymer-based hydrogel matrices, to develop compact, portable fluorogenic hydrogel sensors and assess their fluorescence properties. A comparative characterization-based analysis of native, probe-associated, and probe-analyte-associated hydrogels, (comprising of FT-IR, XRD, TGA) was investigated to ascertain the overall compatibility of the hydrogel-based sensors for use as a smart rapid detection tool. Dynamic rheological measurements also validated the mechanical stability and robustness of the developed hydrogel matrices. Fluorescence spectroscopic investigations yielded promising results of 0.15 ppm limit of detection (LOD) in guar gum and 0.29 ppm LOD in i-carrageenan hydrogels respectively. FESEM and Fluorescence microscopy studies represented the morphological variations of the hydrogel sensors on interaction with mesitylene. The practical feasibility of the chemosensor in hydrogel form for mesitylene detection in the vapor phase was also explored. Probe-embedded hydrogels with injectable property was shown, depicting its use as security ink for information encryption functions. This approach of incorporating chemosensors into biobased hydrogel networks has the potential to broaden its opportunities in the field of chemical, biomedical, and environmental sensing sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Ghosh
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Megha Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Deepmoni Deka
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Gopal Das
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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