1
|
Guan X, Ruan T, Meng Y, Zhang H, Wei J. Ecological compensation mechanism controlled by both river ecological water demand and regional water rights. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176137. [PMID: 39250964 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
River ecological protection and rational utilization of water resources provide an important support for the sustainable development for human beings and nature. In view of the lack of ecological compensation research on river ecological water demand and socio-economic water demand, a mechanism and methodology for ecological compensation based on the synergistic control of river ecological water demand and river water rights allocation is proposed. The variable monthly flow method and the improved dynamic calculation method are applied to obtain the river basic and suitable ecological water demands as the river protection threshold. A two-layer decision model for water rights allocation is established, which realizes the cascading allocation of initial water rights from city to counties to sectors, and the socio-economic water usage threshold for each level is obtained based on the model. Developing compensation discrimination guidelines under the dual-threshold synergistic control and using the unilateral water resources value by sub-sector as the compensation standard, realize the quantification and sharing of compensation funds. The Nanyang section of the Bai River basin in China is used as an example. The ecological compensation value for wet year (2011), normal year (2012), and dry years (2014-2013) are 0, 15.09 × 108 and 12.04 × 108 (average value for dry years) RMB. The adoption of suitable ecological water demand thresholds in 2012 increases the ecological protection requirements thus leading to an internal compensation situation between Nanyang County and Xinye County. From 2014 to 2016, river runoff continued to be low, and excessive water intake from upstream lead to a chain of compensation situations in the midstream and downstream. It is essential to establish a basin and regionally nested ecological compensation mechanism. The research results are conducive to improving the eco-compensation theory and provide scientific references for water resources management and high-quality development in the basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Guan
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Tianhao Ruan
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Yu Meng
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Yangtze River Survey Planning and Design Research Co., LTD, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, PR China
| | - Jianlin Wei
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xue B, Han B, Li H, Gou X, Yang H, Thomas H, Stückrad S. Understanding ecological civilization in China: From political context to science. AMBIO 2023; 52:1895-1909. [PMID: 37442892 PMCID: PMC10654276 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
China's concept of "ecological civilization" can be understood as a new system of development and governance based on the perspective of political decision-making. Environmental management, ecological restoration, and green development are its primary principles-distinctly different from industrial and agricultural-oriented civilizations. In this paper, we evaluate the evolution of political connotations of the ecological civilization concept in China over the past 15 years through a textual analysis approach. Additionally, we systematically outline an ecological civilization indicator system and analyze its evolutionary process, applicable scales, and role in guiding the implementation of the ecological civilization concept. Eco-civilization demonstration sites and experiences are also discussed, followed by a review of academic research and policy-making responses. Finally, we propose different perspectives on the outlook for the future of ecological civilization development in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- Chair of Circular Economy and Recycling Technologies, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße Des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongqing Li
- Chair of Circular Economy and Recycling Technologies, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße Des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaohua Gou
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Reading University, Russell Building, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
| | - Heiko Thomas
- Global Climate Forum e.V., Neue Promenade 6, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Stückrad
- Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS), Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, RIFS Potsdam, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yin C, Nie Y, Li Y, Zhou Y, Yu L, Qin H, Yu J. Multifunctional trade-off and compensation mechanism of arable land under the background of rural revitalization: a case study in the West Mountain Regions of Hubei Province. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:96329-96349. [PMID: 37572249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the spatial relationship and ecological compensation mechanism of each function of arable land in poor mountainous areas is important to promote rural revitalization and enhance arable land protection. Taking the mountainous region of Western Hubei (MRWH) as an example, this study quantified the "three living" functions of arable land and its secondary functions. Using the root mean square deviation method to calculate the trade-off index, a quantitative method can more scientifically reflect the trade-off relationship between arable land functions and measure the overall ecological compensation. Studies have shown that (1) the value of the production function exhibits a growing and subsequently a falling trend, whereas the value of living function and ecological function exhibits an increasing trend over time, with an average functional value of 5310, 220 and 6496 million yuan, respectively. The spatial pattern of the "three living" functional values decreases from west to east. Among them, water conservation and soil conservation function values show a high distribution in the south and low in the north, gas purification and agricultural pollution functional values show a scattered spatial pattern, and the value of other functions shows an increasing trend from southeast to northwest; (2) among the primary functions, the trade-off between production and ecological functions is the strongest, decreasing, and then increasing over time, with an average trade-off index of 0.89. Among the secondary functions, there is the most obvious trade-off between the food supply function and the five ecological functions, which requires coordination; (3) overall, the total amount of ecological compensation has shown an upward trend, with priority areas for level I ecological compensation increasing year by year. Optimized compensation zones and potential compensation zones are concentrated in the northwest, ecological balance zones are located in the central part, and optimized development compensation zones and key development compensation zones are located in the southeast. According to the research, MRWH is oriented to ecological function, followed by the production function, supplemented by the living function. Green agriculture should be vigorously developed and ecological function space should be compressed by strictly limiting the excessive expansion of production activities. Promoting the improvement of production function through ecological function, while exploring the potential value of living function. Ecological compensation in strict accordance with the priority of ecological compensation, zoning. Realizing cross-regional cooperation, low compensation areas drive high compensation areas to achieve sustainable development of arable land.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hong Qin
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo F, Liu X, Mamat Z, Zhang W, Xing L, Wang R, Luo X, Wang C, Zhao H. Analysis of spatiotemporal variations and influencing factors of soil erosion in the Jiangnan Hills red soil zone, China. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19998. [PMID: 37809589 PMCID: PMC10559686 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil erosion is an important environmental problem in China. The hilly region of Jiangnan is characterized by severe soil erosion due to its unique climate and intensive human activities. Therefore, assessing soil erosion in this area is of great significance for achieving regional sustainable development. Based on the spatial zoning of natural resources and the spatial differences in precipitation, land cover, topographic features, and soil texture, we estimated soil erosion from 2000 to 2020 using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. The study showed that micro-erosion dominates spatially in the subtropical forest subzone of the eastern hills, accounting for more than 60% of the total erosion area. Intense erosion was found in woodlands and grasslands and the erosion intensity tended to be lower in the plains. Erosion occurred mainly in areas with slopes >8°. The areas with significantly lower erosion were mainly distributed at the boundaries between forests, arable land, and artificial land surfaces. The areas where soil erosion significantly increased over the study period were mainly found in farmland areas (31.70%). Soil erosion occurred because of a combination of factors, among which vegetation cover played a prominent role. Elevation and slope were correlated with soil erosion intensity. Severe erosion in different parts of the study area showed two trends of spatial aggregation and discrete distribution. This analysis of soil erosion in the study area by the RUSLE model provides reference data for the eastern subtropical forest subregion including the Jiangnan Hills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Guo
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Xiaohuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing, 100055, China
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Zulpiya Mamat
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing, 100055, China
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Liyuan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing, 100055, China
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing, 100055, China
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Xinping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing, 100055, China
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Honghui Zhao
- Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo K, Wang H, Ma C, Wu C, Zheng X, Xie L. Carbon sinks and carbon emissions balance of land use transition in Xinjiang, China: differences and compensation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22456. [PMID: 36575314 PMCID: PMC9794783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27095-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continuous enhancement of human activities, the contradiction between regional development and ecological protection is prominent in the ecologically fragile arid areas. It is of great significance for regional sustainable development to understand the ecological supply and demand problems caused by transformation of land using and formulate ecological compensation scheme scientifically. This study takes Xinjiang in China as the research area. It explores the land use transition characteristics and the changes in carbon supply and demand of Xinjiang using methods such as GIS spatial analysis and modified comparative ecological radiation forcing. Finally, the ecological compensation scheme is studied based on the theory of ecological radiation. The research shows that (I) in the study chronology, most of the areas produced only one change in land use. Land use is gradually developing towards the direction of ecological protection. After 2000, grassland recovered well, and 14,298 km2 of other ecological land was transformed into grassland. (II) The change in the carbon sink of the Xinjiang ecosystem first decreased and then increased, and the ecological deficit area started to appear after 2010. The growth of grassland and cropland areas is essential to enhance the carbon sink capacity of arid zones. (III) The amount of ecological compensation in Xinjiang is 31.47 * 108 yuan, and the proportion of the amount received by ecological compensation areas is related to the distance between the supply and demand areas, the amount of carbon sequestration, and the area of the region. This study provides a reference for achieving the healthy development of sustainable land use ecosystems in arid zones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Luo
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Changrui Wu
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Xudong Zheng
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Ling Xie
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| |
Collapse
|