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Baima Ferreira Freitas I, Duarte-Neto PJ, Sorigotto LR, Cardoso Yoshii MP, de Palma Lopes LF, de Almeida Pereira MM, Girotto L, Badolato Athayde D, Veloso Goulart B, Montagner CC, Schiesari LC, Martinelli LA, Gaeta Espíndola EL. Effects of pasture intensification and sugarcane cultivation on non-target species: A realistic evaluation in pesticide-contaminated mesocosms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171425. [PMID: 38432384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional soil management in agricultural areas may expose non-target organisms living nearby to several types of contaminants. In this study, the effects of soil management in extensive pasture (EP), intensive pasture (IP), and sugarcane crops (C) were evaluated in a realistic-field-scale study. Thirteen aquatic mesocosms embedded in EP, IP, and C treatments were monitored over 392 days. The recommended management for each of the areas was simulated, such as tillage, fertilizer, pesticides (i.e. 2,4-D, fipronil) and vinasse application, and cattle pasture. To access the potential toxic effects that the different steps of soil management in these areas may cause, the cladoceran Ceriophania silvestrii was used as aquatic bioindicator, the dicot Eruca sativa as phytotoxicity bioindicator in water, and the dipteran Chironomus sancticaroli as sediment bioindicator. Generalized linear mixed models were used to identify differences between the treatments. Low concentrations of 2,4-D (<97 μg L-1) and fipronil (<0.21 μg L-1) in water were able to alter fecundity, female survival, and the intrinsic rate of population increase of C. silvestrii in IP and C treatments. Similarly, the dicot E. sativa had germination, shoot and root growth affected mainly by 2,4-D concentrations in the water. For C. sancticarolli, larval development was affected by the presence of fipronil (<402.6 ng g-1). The acidic pH (below 5) reduced the fecundity and female survival of C. silvestrii and affected the germination and growth of E. sativa. Fecundity and female survival of C. silvestrii decrease in the presence of phosphorus-containing elements. The outcomes of this study may improve our understanding of the consequences of exposure of freshwater biota to complex stressors in an environment that is rapidly and constantly changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Baima Ferreira Freitas
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo José Duarte-Neto
- PPGBEA, Department of Statistics and Informatics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Lais Roberta Sorigotto
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Cardoso Yoshii
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mickaelle Maria de Almeida Pereira
- PPGBEA, Department of Statistics and Informatics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laís Girotto
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Danillo Badolato Athayde
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Veloso Goulart
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Rua Josué de Castro, s/n, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Rua Josué de Castro, s/n, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Cesar Schiesari
- EACH, USP - School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Av. Arlindo Bétio 1000, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Martinelli
- CENA, USP - Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Centenário 303, 13416-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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de Palma Lopes LF, Rocha GS, de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG. The acute effects of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture: a threat to the freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80335-80348. [PMID: 37294488 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of copepods' responses to pesticides, individually and in mixture, is little understood. The aims of this study were to evaluate: (i) the effects of the pesticides fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi; and (ii) the survival and the feeding rate of copepods after the exposure. Acute toxicity tests using the commercial formulations of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, were performed. The LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h of fipronil to N. iheringi were 2.38 ± 0.48, 3.08 ± 1.14, and 4.97 ± 3.30 μg L-1, respectively. For 2,4-D the LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h were 371.18 ± 29.20, 406.93 ± 53.77, and 478.24 ± 107.77 mg L-1, respectively. Morphological damages on the copepods exposed to pesticides were observed at all concentrations. Fungal filaments covering dead organisms were presented at the treatment highest concentration (R5:7.43 ± 2.78 μg L-1 fipronil). The mixture of the pesticides presented synergistic effects on the mortality of N. iheringi. Post-exposure tests showed no difference between the treatments and the control on the mortality and on the feeding rate for 4 h. However, since delayed toxicity of pesticides can occur, longer post-exposure tests using N. iheringi should be tested. N. iheringi is a key species in the aquatic Brazilian ecosystem and showed sensitivity to fipronil and 2,4-D; thus, more studies with this species assessing other responses are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca Ferreira de Medeiros
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
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Ogura AP, Lima JZ, Silva LCMD, Dias MA, Rodrigues VGS, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG. Phytotoxicity of 2,4-D and fipronil mixtures to three green manure species. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:262-272. [PMID: 36799483 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2178789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane expansion has been associated with soil contamination by agrochemicals. Pesticides can affect plant growth, and their mixture might have potentiated effects on exposed species. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of fipronil on the phytotoxicity of 2,4-D on three green manure plant species: Canavalia ensiformis, Dolichos lablab, and Lupinus albus. Plants were exposed (for 21 days, at 25 °C) to a control soil and five concentrations of each pesticide and their combinations (36 treatments, considering a full-factorial approach). Effect concentrations of 50% growth inhibition (EC50) were estimated. No phytotoxicity effects were identified when plants were exposed to different fipronil concentrations (up to 0.12 mg kg-1). All species exposed to 2,4-D showed a decrease in shoot and root length and fresh/dry biomass. L. albus and D. lablab roots showed the highest sensitivity when exposed to 2,4-D among the endpoints (EC50 = 0.02 and 0.05 mg kg-1, respectively), while C. ensiformis roots were the most tolerant (EC50 = 0.98 mg kg-1). However, the interference of fipronil on the toxicity of 2,4-D was not detected in different mixture proportions, indicating no interaction between pesticides. Residues of 2,4-D might also impair other crops' growth, compromise productivity, and limit phytotechnologies for soil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Pretti Ogura
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Zanin Lima
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Amaral Dias
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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