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Mainga T, Schaap A, Scherer N, Mactaggart I, Shanaube K, Ayles H, Bond V, Stewart RC. Prevalence of mental distress in adults with and without a history of tuberculosis in an urban Zambian community. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e89. [PMID: 38161750 PMCID: PMC10755383 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
People with tuberculosis (TB) are susceptible to mental distress. Mental distress can be driven by biological and socio-economic factors including poverty. These factors can persist beyond TB treatment completion yet there is minimal evidence about the mental health of TB survivors. A cross-sectional TB prevalence survey of adults was conducted in an urban community in Zambia. Survey participants were administered the five-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-5) mental health screening tool to measure mental distress. Associations between primary exposure (history of TB) and other co-variates with mental distress were investigated using logistic regression. Of 3,393 study participants, 120 were TB survivors (3.5%). The overall prevalence of mental distress (SRQ-5 ≥ 4) in the whole study population was 16.9% (95% CI 15.6%-18.1%). Previous TB history was not associated with mental distress (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.75-1.92, p-value 1.66). Mental distress was associated with being female (OR 1.23 95% CI 1.00-1.51), older age (OR 1.71 95% CI 1.09-2.68) and alcohol abuse (OR 1.81 95% CI 1.19-2.76). Our findings show no association between a previous TB history and mental distress. However, approximately one in six people in the study population screened positive for mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tila Mainga
- Zambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Ridgeway, Zambia
- Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ab Schaap
- Zambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Ridgeway, Zambia
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Nathaniel Scherer
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Islay Mactaggart
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kwame Shanaube
- Zambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Ridgeway, Zambia
| | - Helen Ayles
- Zambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Ridgeway, Zambia
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Virginia Bond
- Zambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Ridgeway, Zambia
- Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Robert C. Stewart
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit (MEIRU), Lilongwe, Malawi
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Bao L, Cui Y, Wu H, Xu J, Zhu S. Breeding, Biosorption Characteristics, and Mechanism of a Lead-Resistant Strain. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050412. [PMID: 37235227 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To effectively carry out the bioremediation of a Pb2+ polluted environment, a lead-tolerant strain named D1 was screened from the activated sludge of a factory in Hefei, and its lead removal in a solution with Pb2+ concentration of 200 mg/L could reach 91% under optimal culture conditions. Morphological observation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to identify D1 accurately, and its cultural characteristics and lead removal mechanism were also preliminarily studied. The results showed that the D1 strain was preliminarily identified as the Sphingobacterium mizutaii strain. The experiments conducted via orthogonal test showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of strain D1 were pH 7, inoculum volume 6%, 35 °C, and rotational speed 150 r/min. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis before and after the D1 exposure to lead, it is believed that the lead removal mechanism of D1 is surface adsorption. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed that multiple functional groups on the surface of the bacterial cells are involved in the Pb adsorption process. In conclusion, the D1 strain has excellent application prospects in the bioremediation of lead-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Bao
- Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse in Anhui Province, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Shuguang Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse in Anhui Province, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Building Energy Efficiency Control and Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230000, China
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