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Luo Y, Chen R, Yang K, Zhou X, Jia T, Shang C, Pei X, Wang Q, Li D, Peng C, Guo H. Response of changes in lake area to drought and land use change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174638. [PMID: 38986698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The lake area is a crucial parameter that characterizes the state of a lake. Under the dual pressures of climate change and human activity, the magnitude and frequency of changes in lake areas become more pronounced. This process poses a serious threat to the local ecological environment. In this study, we constructed a lake water extraction model (LakeNet) based on a fully convolutional neural network. We extracted and analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of the area of nine major lakes from 1987 to 2022, as well as the driving factors behind these changes. Our results indicate that: 1) LakeNet exhibits high extraction accuracy and can remove some clouds. 2) The area of the nine major lakes shows a fluctuating downward trend (-8.11km2/10a), with drought and land use changes identified as significant driving forces behind the changes in lake boundaries, drought events caused the lake area to decrease, and the expansion of cropland further reduced the lake area. 3) Due to variations in lake area, the impact of drought on the area of the nine major lakes exhibits a lag effect, smaller lakes are likely to respond more quickly to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China; GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Rixiang Chen
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Kun Yang
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China; GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Xiaolu Zhou
- Department of Geography, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Tingfang Jia
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China; School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunxue Shang
- GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China; Dean's Office, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xingfang Pei
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Dingpu Li
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Changqing Peng
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Hairui Guo
- GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China; School of Foreign Languages & Literature, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan 650500, China
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Zhang H, Wu J, Li Q, Guo R. Responses of sediment n-alkanes to climate factors and anthropogenic disturbances from three lakes with different elevations, arid Central Asia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170776. [PMID: 38336050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers n-alkanes and pertinent indices in lake sediments are frequently used to infer past changes in climate and environmental conditions in and around lakes. Interpretation of n-alkane records can be confounded by a lack of understanding of the multiple factors that control n-alkanes in sediments. Here, we studied n-alkanes in sediment cores from two alpine lakes, Lakes Son-Kul and Issyk-Kul, and from terminal Lake Balkhash, in arid Central Asia to identify natural and human-mediated influences on sediment n-alkane profiles. Altitudinal differences in climate, as well as in lake trophic status, proved to be important drivers of n-alkane compositional differences in the lake sediments. In the alpine lakes, the distribution of n-alkanes was biased toward long-chain components (n-C29, n-C31, and n-C33), and showed higher carbon preference index (CPIH) values, which come from dense terrestrial plant communities, promoted by greater precipitation. In contrast, n-alkanes in the core from the terminal lake displayed higher proportions of short-chain n-alkanes (n-C17, n-C19, and n-C21) because a greater proportion of the organic matter (OM) input to the sediments was derived from algae, a consequence of higher temperatures and trophic status. In recent decades, increasing nutrient inputs from human activities have caused greater accumulation of short-chain n-alkanes in sediments of alpine, oligotrophic Lake Issyk-Kul. In Lake Balkhash, n-C20 and n-C22 alkanes are exceptionally abundant, suggesting large contributions from microbial reworking of terrestrial OM. In all three study lakes, ∑(n-C29-n-C33) was elevated in sediments that correspond to periods of intense agricultural exploitation. Moreover, expansion of agriculture from low to high altitudes resulted in both synchronous and asynchronous peaks in ∑ (n-C29-n-C33) in the studied cores, suggesting the n-alkanes faithfully record the history of agricultural expansion. These findings provide insights into applications of n-alkane proxies and the response of the lake system to climate and anthropogenic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinglu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, Anhui Province, School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ru Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Sun M, Zhang L, Yang R, Li X, Zhao J, Liu Q. Water resource dynamics and protection strategies for inland lakes: A case study of Hongjiannao Lake. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120462. [PMID: 38422851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Globally, lakes are drying up and shrinking and inland lakes, in particular, face severe water shortage problems. Thus, the degradation mechanisms and protection measures for inland lakes urgently need to be explored. Hongjiannao Lake (HL), an inland lake on the border of Shaanxi Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, was selected for the present case study. The evolution of HL was analyzed and the current lake water storage was measured on site. The driving factors of water resource changes in HL were discussed based on meteorological and landcover data. The results showed that (1) from 1929 to 2021, the lake area of HL experienced four stages: formation, stability, shrinkage and recovery. The smallest water area was 31.08 km2 in 2015, half the size of lake in the 1960s. (2) Spatially, the morphological changes of HL mainly occurred where the rivers entered the lake. (3) In 2021, the average depth of HL was 3.77 m, and the water storage capacity was 140.56 million m3. (4) The annual average evaporation was 3.36 times the amount of the annual average precipitation in Hongjiannao Basin (HB), but climate change was not the main driver of changes in the HL area. (5) In the past 20 years, cultivated land and artificial surface increased by 3.11% and 1.04%, respectively, whereas grassland and water body decreased by 3.51% and 0.45%, respectively. The expansion of cultivated land and artificial surface, as well as the construction of reservoirs upstream of the lake, hindered the replenishment of water resources to HL. This study recommends a range of strategies for water resource protection in inland lakes, including implementing ecological restoration projects, carrying out inter-basin water transfer measures, improving the efficiency of regional water resource use, and improving industrial structure and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Le Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Rongjin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Xiuhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Qingqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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