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Jia Y, Zhao Y, Niu M, Zhao C, Li X, Chen H. Preliminary study of metabonomic changes during the progression of atherosclerosis in miniature pigs. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38923366 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis (AS) and provide basic data for further research on AS, the characteristics of serum metabolomics during the progression of AS in mini-pigs were observed dynamically. METHODS An AS model in Bama miniature pigs was established by a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet. Fasting serum samples were collected monthly for metabolomics and serum lipid detection. At the end of the treatment period, pathological analysis of the abdominal aorta and coronary artery was performed to evaluate the lesions of AS, thereby distinguishing the susceptibility of mini-pigs to AS. The metabolomics was detected using a high-resolution untargeted metabolomic approach. Statistical analysis was used to identify metabolites associated with AS susceptibility. RESULTS Based on pathological analysis, mini-pigs were divided into two groups: a susceptible group (n = 3) and a non-susceptible group (n = 6). A total of 1318 metabolites were identified, with significant shifting of metabolic profiles over time in both groups. Dynamic monitoring analysis highlighted 57 metabolites that exhibited an obvious trend of differential changes between two groups with the advance of time. The KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis indicated significant disorders in cholesterol metabolism, primary bile acid metabolism, histidine metabolism, as well as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. CONCLUSIONS During the progression of AS in mini-pigs induced by high-cholesterol/high-fat diet, the alterations in serum metabolic profile exhibited a time-dependent pattern, accompanied by notable disturbances in lipid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. These metabolites may become potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Jia
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiong Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Niu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqi Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhuang Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Chen L, Bai J, Wan J, Song Y, Xiang G, Duan R, Zheng Y. Endocrine system, cell growth and death, and energy metabolism induced by Sb(III) exposure in earthworm (Pheretima guillemi) revealed by transcriptome and metabolome analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124357. [PMID: 38866316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is known for its severe and extensive toxicity, and earthworms are considered important indicator organisms in soil ecosystems. Therefore, the present study investigated the mechanism of toxicity of the Sb at different concentrations (50, 200 mg/kg) on earthworms using biochemical indicators, pathological sections, as well as metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses. The results showed that as the exposure concentration increased, both the antioxidant system of earthworms, extent of intestinal damage, and their metabolomic characteristics were significantly enhanced. In the 50 and 200 mg/kg Sb treatment group, 30 and 177 significant differentially changed metabolites (DCMs) were identified, respectively, with the most DCMs being down- and up-regulated, respectively. Metabolomics analysis showed that the contents of dl-tryptophan, glutamic acid, glycine, isoleucine, l-methionine, involved in the protein digestion and absorption as well as aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated under the 200 mg/kg treatment. At the transcriptional level, Sb mainly affected the immune system, nervous system, amino acid metabolism, endocrine system, and carbohydrate metabolism in earthworms. The integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that high doses of Sb regulated the metabolites and genes related to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in earthworms. Overall, these results revealed global responses beyond the scope of conventional toxicity endpoints and facilitated a more in-depth and comprehensive assessment of the toxic effects of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China.
| | - Juan Wan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Ying Song
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Guohong Xiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
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Li W, Chen X, Yao M, Sun B, Zhu K, Wang W, Zhang A. LC-MS based untargeted metabolomics studies of the metabolic response of Ginkgo biloba extract on arsenism patients. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116183. [PMID: 38471343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic is an environmentally ubiquitous toxic metalloid. Chronic exposure to arsenic may lead to arsenicosis, while no specific therapeutic strategies are available for the arsenism patients. And Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) exhibited protective effect in our previous study. However, the mechanisms by which GBE protects the arsenism patients remain poorly understood. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based untargeted metabolomics analysis was used to study metabolic response in arsenism patients upon GBE intervention. In total, 39 coal-burning type of arsenism patients and 50 healthy residents were enrolled from Guizhou province of China. The intervention group (n = 39) were arsenism patients orally administered with GBE (three times per day) for continuous 90 days. Plasma samples from 50 healthy controls (HC) and 39 arsenism patients before and after GBE intervention were collected and analyzed by established LC-MS method. Statistical analysis was performed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0 to identify differential metabolites. Multivariate analysis revealed a separation in arsenism patients between before (BG) and after GBE intervention (AG) group. It was observed that 35 differential metabolites were identified between BG and AG group, and 30 of them were completely or partially reversed by GBE intervention, with 14 differential metabolites significantly up-regulated and 16 differential metabolites considerably down-regulated. These metabolites were involved in promoting immune response and anti-inflammatory functions, and alleviating oxidative stress. Taken together, these findings indicate that the GBE intervention could probably exert its protective effects by reversing disordered metabolites modulating these functions in arsenism patients, and provide insights into further exploration of mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Maolin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Baofei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
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Wu G, Wei X, Li D, Xiao G, Jia C, Zeng Z, Chen Z. Selection and evaluation of quality markers for the regulation of PXR-CYP3A4/FXR-LXRα by Exocarpium Citri Grandis for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia with dispelling blood stasis and removing phlegm. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116089. [PMID: 38157640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia is described as "excessive phlegm" and "blood stasis" in the classic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Exocarpium Citri Grandis has the effect of dispelling blood stasis and removing phlegm, which can better meet the treatment needs of this disease. However, there is still a lack of focus and depth in the study of the chemical composition of this medicine, and the correlation between the study of relevant medicinal substances and the efficacy of dispelling stasis and removing phlegm is insufficient. To address this issue, this study was carried out to validate the overall efficacy and identify and determine the chemical composition of Exocarpium Citri Grandis. The regulatory mechanism of the PXR-CYP3A4/FXR-LXRα pathway and its active ingredients were screened, and a pharmacokinetic study of active ingredients was performed. The obtained multidimensional data were statistically analysed and comprehensively evaluated. The quality marker of Exocarpium Citri Grandis in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia based on the PXR-CYP3A4/FXR-LXRα mechanism to exert the efficacy of dispelling blood stasis and removing phlegm was finally determined. Based on the above experiments, we identified 27 compounds from the ethanol extract of Exocarpium Citri Grandis. Among them, naringenin, meranzin hydrate, apigenin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, anacardiin, hesperidin and naringin can significantly regulate all or part of the targets in the PXR-CYP3A4/FXR-LXRα pathway. It also has suitable content and pharmacokinetic characteristics in vivo. In conclusion, this study established quality markers to characterize the efficacy of Exocarpium Citri Grandis in dispelling blood stasis and removing phlegm, which provides a scientific basis for the targeted evaluation of the hypolipidaemic activity of this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Wu
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Xingqin Wei
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Guanlin Xiao
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Canchao Jia
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Zhihao Zeng
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- The Fifth College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 60 Hengfu rd, Guangzhou 510095, China.
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