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Daussin A, Vannier P, Daboussy L, Šantl-Temkiv T, Cockell C, Marteinsson VÞ. Atmospheric dispersal shapes rapid bacterial colonization of Icelandic Lava Rocks. FEMS MICROBES 2024; 5:xtae016. [PMID: 38873337 PMCID: PMC11173176 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms released into the atmosphere by various disturbances can travel significant distances before depositing, yet their impact on community assembly remains unclear. To address this, we examined atmospheric and lithospheric bacterial communities in 179 samples collected at two distinct Icelandic volcanic sites: a small volcanic island Surtsey, and a volcanic highland Fimmvörðuháls using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Airborne microbial communities were similar between sites while significant differences emerged in the communities on lava rocks after 1-year exposure. SourceTracker analysis revealed distinct bacterial populations in the atmosphere and the lava rocks with surrounding soil contributed more significantly to lava rock microbial composition. Nevertheless, shared genera among air, rocks, and local sources, suggested potential exchange between these environments. The prevalent genera shared between rocks and potential sources exhibited stress-resistant properties, likely helping their survival during air transportation and facilitating their colonization of the rocks. We hypothesize that the atmosphere serves as a conduit for locally sourced microbes and stress-resistant distant-sourced microbes. Additionally, bacterial communities on the lava rocks of Fimmvörðuháls showed remarkable similarity after 1 and 9 years of exposure, suggesting rapid establishment. Our study reveals that atmospheric deposition significantly influences bacterial community formation, potentially influencing ecosystem dynamics and microbial communities' resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Daussin
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Sæmundargatu 2, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
- MATIS, Department of Research and Innovation, Vinlandsleið 12, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Pauline Vannier
- MATIS, Department of Research and Innovation, Vinlandsleið 12, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, SeaTech, Bâtiment X, Avenue de l'Université, 83130 La Garde, France
| | - Lola Daboussy
- University of Technology of Compiègne, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne, France
| | - Tina Šantl-Temkiv
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biology, Arctic Research Center, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Science, iCLIMATE Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charles Cockell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, James Clerk Maxwell Building, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Viggó Þór Marteinsson
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Sæmundargatu 2, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
- MATIS, Department of Research and Innovation, Vinlandsleið 12, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland
- The Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, 311 Borgabyggð, Iceland
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Amato P, Mathonat F, Nuñez Lopez L, Péguilhan R, Bourhane Z, Rossi F, Vyskocil J, Joly M, Ervens B. The aeromicrobiome: the selective and dynamic outer-layer of the Earth's microbiome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1186847. [PMID: 37260685 PMCID: PMC10227452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1186847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The atmosphere is an integral component of the Earth's microbiome. Abundance, viability, and diversity of microorganisms circulating in the air are determined by various factors including environmental physical variables and intrinsic and biological properties of microbes, all ranging over large scales. The aeromicrobiome is thus poorly understood and difficult to predict due to the high heterogeneity of the airborne microorganisms and their properties, spatially and temporally. The atmosphere acts as a highly selective dispersion means on large scales for microbial cells, exposing them to a multitude of physical and chemical atmospheric processes. We provide here a brief critical review of the current knowledge and propose future research directions aiming at improving our comprehension of the atmosphere as a biome.
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Casamayor EO, Cáliz J, Triadó-Margarit X, Pointing SB. Understanding atmospheric intercontinental dispersal of harmful microorganisms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 81:102945. [PMID: 37087840 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The atmosphere is a major route for microbial intercontinental dispersal, including harmful microorganisms, antibiotic resistance genes, and allergens, with strong implications in ecosystem functioning and global health. Long-distance dispersal is facilitated by air movement at higher altitudes in the free troposphere and is affected by anthropogenic forcing, climate change, and by the general atmospheric circulation, mainly in the intertropical convergence zone. The survival of microorganisms during atmospheric transport and their remote invasive potential are fundamental questions, but data are scarce. Extreme atmospheric conditions represent a challenge to survival that requires specific adaptive strategies, and recovery of air samples from the high altitudes relevant to study harmful microorganisms can be challenging. In this paper, we highlight the scope of the problem, identify challenges and knowledge gaps, and offer a roadmap for improved understanding of intercontinental microbial dispersal and their outcomes. Greater understanding of long-distance dispersal requires research focus on local factors that affect emissions, coupled with conditions influencing transport and survival at high altitudes, and eventual deposition at sink locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio O Casamayor
- Ecology of the Global Microbiome, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes-CSIC, E-17300 Blanes, Spain.
| | - Joan Cáliz
- Ecology of the Global Microbiome, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes-CSIC, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Xavier Triadó-Margarit
- Ecology of the Global Microbiome, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes-CSIC, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Stephen B Pointing
- Yale-NUS College & Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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