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Li H, Zhou B, Xu X, Huo R, Zhou T, Dong X, Ye C, Li T, Xie L, Pang W. The insightful water quality analysis and predictive model establishment via machine learning in dual-source drinking water distribution system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118474. [PMID: 38368920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Dual-source drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) over single-source water supply systems are becoming more practical in providing water for megacities. However, the more complex water supply problems are also generated, especially at the hydraulic junction. Herein, we have sampled for a one-year and analyzed the water quality at the hydraulic junction of a dual-source DWDS. The results show that visible changes in drinking water quality, including turbidity, pH, UV254, DOC, residual chlorine, and trihalomethanes (TMHs), are observed at the sample point between 10 and 12 km to one drinking water plant. The average concentration of residual chlorine decreases from 0.74 ± 0.05 mg/L to 0.31 ± 0.11 mg/L during the water supplied from 0 to 10 km and then increases to 0.75 ± 0.05 mg/L at the end of 22 km. Whereas the THMs shows an opposite trend, the concentration reaches to a peak level at hydraulic junction area (10-12 km). According to parallel factor (PARAFAC) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) analysis, organic matters vary significantly during water distribution, and tryptophan-like substances and amino acids are closely related to the level of THMs. The hydraulic junction area is confirmed to be located at 10-12 km based on the water quality variation. Furthermore, data-driven models are established by machine learning (ML) with test R2 higher than 0.8 for THMs prediction. And the SHAP analysis explains the model results and identifies the positive (water temperature and water supply distance) and negative (residual chlorine and pH) key factors influencing the THMs formation. This study conducts a deep understanding of water quality at the hydraulic junction areas and establishes predictive models for THMs formation in dual-sources DWDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Baiqin Zhou
- Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Lanzhou, 730030, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Qingyuan Hong Kong & China Water Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Ranran Huo
- Suzhou Industrial Park Qingyuan Hong Kong & China Water Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Suzhou Industrial Park Qingyuan Hong Kong & China Water Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Suzhou Industrial Park Qingyuan Hong Kong & China Water Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Cheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weihai Pang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Warashina T, Sato A, Hinai H, Shaikhutdinov N, Shagimardanova E, Mori H, Tamaki S, Saito M, Sanada Y, Sasaki Y, Shimada K, Dotsuta Y, Kitagaki T, Maruyama S, Gusev O, Narumi I, Kurokawa K, Morita T, Ebisuzaki T, Nishimura A, Koma Y, Kanai A. Microbiome analysis of the restricted bacteria in radioactive element-containing water at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0211323. [PMID: 38470121 PMCID: PMC11022576 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02113-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A major incident occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station following the tsunami triggered by the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake in March 2011, whereby seawater entered the torus room in the basement of the reactor building. Here, we identify and analyze the bacterial communities in the torus room water and several environmental samples. Samples of the torus room water (1 × 109 Bq137Cs/L) were collected by the Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings from two sampling points between 30 cm and 1 m from the bottom of the room (TW1) and the bottom layer (TW2). A structural analysis of the bacterial communities based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that the predominant bacterial genera in TW1 and TW2 were similar. TW1 primarily contained the genus Limnobacter, a thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium. γ-Irradiation tests on Limnobacter thiooxidans, the most closely related phylogenetically found in TW1, indicated that its radiation resistance was similar to ordinary bacteria. TW2 predominantly contained the genus Brevirhabdus, a manganese-oxidizing bacterium. Although bacterial diversity in the torus room water was lower than seawater near Fukushima, ~70% of identified genera were associated with metal corrosion. Latent environment allocation-an analytical technique that estimates habitat distributions and co-detection analyses-revealed that the microbial communities in the torus room water originated from a distinct blend of natural marine microbial and artificial bacterial communities typical of biofilms, sludge, and wastewater. Understanding the specific bacteria linked to metal corrosion in damaged plants is important for advancing decommissioning efforts. IMPORTANCE In the context of nuclear power station decommissioning, the proliferation of microorganisms within the reactor and piping systems constitutes a formidable challenge. Therefore, the identification of microbial communities in such environments is of paramount importance. In the aftermath of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident, microbial community analysis was conducted on environmental samples collected mainly outside the site. However, analyses using samples from on-site areas, including adjacent soil and seawater, were not performed. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of microbial communities, utilizing meta 16S amplicon sequencing, with a focus on environmental samples collected from the radioactive element-containing water in the torus room, including the surrounding environments. Some of the identified microbial genera are shared with those previously identified in spent nuclear fuel pools in countries such as France and Brazil. Moreover, our discussion in this paper elucidates the correlation of many of these bacteria with metal corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoro Warashina
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Asako Sato
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | | | - Nurislam Shaikhutdinov
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elena Shagimardanova
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia
- Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Satoshi Tamaki
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Motofumi Saito
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shigenori Maruyama
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issay Narumi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Oura-gun, Japan
| | | | - Teppei Morita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Akio Kanai
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
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