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Yang J, Pan Y, Zhang C, Gong H, Xu L, Huang Z, Lu S. Comparison of groundwater storage changes over losing and gaining aquifers of China using GRACE satellites, modeling and in-situ observations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173514. [PMID: 38802015 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Groundwater depletion in intensively exploited aquifers of China has been widely recognized, whereas an overall examination of groundwater storage (GWS) changes over major aquifers remains challenging due to limited data and notable uncertainties. Here, we present a study to explore GWS changes over eighteen major aquifers covering an area of 1,680,000 km2 in China using data obtained from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiments (GRACE), global models, and in-situ groundwater level observations. The analysis aims to reveal the discrepancy in annual trends, amplitudes, and phases associated with GWS changes among different aquifers. It is found that GWS changes in the studied aquifers represent a spatial pattern of 'Wet-gets-more, Dry-gets-less'. An overall decreasing trend of -4.65 ± 0.34 km3/yr is observed by GRACE from 2005 to 2016, consisting of a significant (p < 0.05) increase of 47.28 ± 3.48 km3 in 7 aquifers and decrease of 103.56 ± 2.4 km3 (∼2.6 times the full storage capacity of the Three Gorges Reservoir) in 10 aquifers summed over the 12 years. The annual GWS normally reaches a peak in late July with an area-weighted average annual amplitude of 19 mm, showing notable discrepancy in phases and amplitudes between the losing aquifers (12 mm in middle August) in northern China and gaining aquifers (28 mm in early July) mostly in southern China. GRACE estimates are generally comparable, but can be notably different, with the results obtained from model simulations and in-situ observations at aquifer scale, with the area-weighted average correlation coefficients of 0.6 and 0.5, respectively. This study highlights different GWS changes of losing and gaining aquifers in response to coupled impacts of hydrogeology, climate and human interventions, and calls for divergent adaptions in regional groundwater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanism, Prevention and Mitigation of Land Subsidence, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Hebei Cangzhou Groundwater and Land Subsidence National Observation and Research Station, Cangzhou 061000, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanism, Prevention and Mitigation of Land Subsidence, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Hebei Cangzhou Groundwater and Land Subsidence National Observation and Research Station, Cangzhou 061000, China.
| | - Chong Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanism, Prevention and Mitigation of Land Subsidence, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Hebei Cangzhou Groundwater and Land Subsidence National Observation and Research Station, Cangzhou 061000, China.
| | - Huili Gong
- Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanism, Prevention and Mitigation of Land Subsidence, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Hebei Cangzhou Groundwater and Land Subsidence National Observation and Research Station, Cangzhou 061000, China
| | - Li Xu
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Zhiyong Huang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Shanlong Lu
- International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
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Adeyeri OE, Zhou W, Ndehedehe CE, Wang X. Global vegetation, moisture, thermal and climate interactions intensify compound extreme events. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169261. [PMID: 38097089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Compound extreme events, encompassing drought, vegetation stress, wildfire severity, and heatwave intensity (CDVWHS), pose significant threats to societal, environmental, and health systems. Understanding the intricate relationships governing CDVWHS evolution and their interaction with climate teleconnections is crucial for effective climate adaptation strategies. This study leverages remote sensing, reanalysis data, and climate models to analyze CDVWHS during historical (1982-2014), near-future (2028-2060), and far-future (2068-2100) periods under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP; 245 and 585). Our results show that reduced vegetation health, unfavorable temperature conditions, and low moisture conditions have negligible effects on vegetation density. However, they worsen the intensity of heatwaves and increase the risk of wildfires. Wildfires can persist when thermal conditions are poor despite favorable moisture levels. For example, despite adequate moisture availability, we link the 2012 Siberian wildfire in the Ob basin to anomalous negative thermal conditions and concurrent unfavorable thermal-moisture conditions. In contrast, the Amazon experiences extreme and exceptional drought associated with unfavorable moisture conditions in the same year. A comparative analysis of Siberian and North American fires reveals distinct burned area anomalies due to variations in vegetation density and wildfire fuel. The North American fires have lower positive anomalies in burned areas because of negative anomalous vegetation density, which reduced the amount of wildfire fuel. Furthermore, we examine basin-specific variability in climate teleconnections related to compound CDVWHS, revealing the primary modes of variability and evolution of CDVWHS through climate teleconnection patterns. Moreover, a substantial increase in the magnitude of heatwave severity emerges between the near and far future under SSP 585. This study underscores the urgency for targeted actions to enhance ecosystem resilience and safeguard vulnerable communities from CDVWHS impacts. Identifying CDVWHS hotspots and comprehending their complex relationships with environmental factors are essential for developing effective adaptation strategies in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi E Adeyeri
- Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-Ocean-Ice System for Weather and Climate, Ministry of Education, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-Ocean-Ice System for Weather and Climate, Ministry of Education, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the MNR, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China.
| | - Christopher E Ndehedehe
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Xuan Wang
- Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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