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Virgin TL, Sonthiphand P, Coyotzi S, Hall MW, Venkiteswaran JJ, Elgood RJ, Schiff SL, Neufeld JD. Microbial communities change along the 300 km length of the Grand River for extreme high- and low-flow regimes. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:289-302. [PMID: 38747604 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The Grand River watershed is the largest catchment in southern Ontario. The river's northern and southern sections are influenced by agriculture, whereas central regions receive wastewater effluent and urban runoff. To characterize in-river microbial communities, as they relate to spatial and environmental factors, we conducted two same-day sampling events along the entire 300 km length of the river, representing contrasting flow seasons (high flow spring melt and low flow end of summer). Through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, we assessed the relationship between river microbiota and spatial and physicochemical variables. Flow season had a greater impact on communities than spatial or diel effects and profiles diverged with distance between sites under both flow conditions, but low-flow profiles exhibited higher beta diversity. High-flow profiles showed greater species richness and increased presence of soil and sediment taxa, which may relate to increased input from terrestrial sources. Total suspended solids, dissolved inorganic carbon, and distance from headwaters significantly explained microbial community variation during the low-flow event, whereas conductivity, sulfate, and nitrite were significant explanatory factors for spring melt. This study establishes a baseline for the Grand River's microbial community, serving as a foundation for modeling the microbiology of anthropogenically impacted freshwater systems affected by lotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L Virgin
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Prinpida Sonthiphand
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sara Coyotzi
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michael W Hall
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, 6050 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 1W5, Canada
| | - Jason J Venkiteswaran
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Richard J Elgood
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sherry L Schiff
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Josh D Neufeld
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Li Q, Cheng X, Liu X, Gao P, Wang H, Su C, Huang Q. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea adapted better to the dark, alkaline oligotrophic karst cave than their bacterial counterparts. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1377721. [PMID: 38659982 PMCID: PMC11041041 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1377721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Subsurface karst caves provide unique opportunities to study the deep biosphere, shedding light on microbial contribution to elemental cycling. Although ammonia oxidation driven by both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) is well explored in soil and marine environments, our understanding in the subsurface biosphere still remained limited to date. To address this gap, weathered rock and sediment samples were collected from the Xincuntun Cave in Guilin City, an alkaline karst cave, and subjected to high-throughput sequencing and quantification of bacterial and archaeal amoA, along with determination of the potential nitrification rates (PNR). Results revealed that AOA dominated in ammonia oxidation, contributing 48-100% to the PNR, and AOA amoA gene copies outnumbered AOB by 2 to 6 orders. Nitrososphaera dominated in AOA communities, while Nitrosopira dominated AOB communities. AOA demonstrated significantly larger niche breadth than AOB. The development of AOA communities was influenced by deterministic processes (50.71%), while AOB communities were predominantly influenced by stochastic processes. TOC, NH4+, and Cl- played crucial roles in shaping the compositions of ammonia oxidizers at the OTU level. Cross-domain co-occurrence networks highlighted the dominance of AOA nodes in the networks and positive associations between AOA and AOB, especially in the inner zone, suggesting collaborative effort to thrive in extreme environments. Their high gene copies, dominance in the interaction with ammonia oxidizing bacteria, expansive niche breadth and substantial contribution to PNR collectively confirmed that AOA better adapted to alkaline, oligotrophic karst caves environments, and thus play a fundamental role in nitrogen cycling in subsurface biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuntian Su
- Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin, China
- Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo, Guangxi, China
| | - Qibo Huang
- Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin, China
- Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo, Guangxi, China
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Liu X, Song Y, Ni T, Yang Y, Ma B, Huang T, Chen S, Zhang H. Ecological evolution of algae in connected reservoirs under the influence of water transfer: Algal density, community structure, and assembly processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170086. [PMID: 38232825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Reservoir connectivity provides a solution for regional water shortages. Understanding the water quality of reservoirs and the response of algal communities to water transfer could provide the basis for a long-term evolutionary model of reservoirs. In this study, a water-algal community model was established to study the effects of water transfer on water quality and algal communities in reservoirs. The results showed that water transfer significantly decreased total nitrogen and nitrate concentrations. However, the water transfer resulted in an increase in the CODMn concentration and conductivity in the receiving reservoir. Additionally, the algal density and chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration showed an increase with water transfer. Bacillariophyta, Cyanophyta, and Chlorophyta were the dominant algal phyllum in all three reservoirs. Water transfer induced the evolution of the algal community by driving changes in the chemical parameters of the receiving reservoir and led to more complex relationships within the algal community. The effects of stochastic processes on algal communities were also enhanced in the receiving reservoirs. These results provide specific information for water quality safety management and eutrophication prevention in connected reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutong Song
- School of Future Technology, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Tongchao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yansong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China.
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China.
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