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Pabst L, Lopes S, Bertrand B, Creusot Q, Kotovskaya M, Pencreach E, Beau-Faller M, Mascaux C. Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in the Era of Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087577. [PMID: 37108738 PMCID: PMC10145126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic algorithm of lung cancer has recently been revolutionized by the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, an objective and durable response rate remains low with those recent therapies and some patients even experience severe adverse events. Prognostic and predictive biomarkers are therefore needed in order to select patients who will respond. Nowadays, the only validated biomarker is the PD-L1 expression, but its predictive value remains imperfect, and it does not offer any certainty of a sustained response to treatment. With recent progresses in molecular biology, genome sequencing techniques, and the understanding of the immune microenvironment of the tumor and its host, new molecular features have been highlighted. There are evidence in favor of the positive predictive value of the tumor mutational burden, as an example. From the expression of molecular interactions within tumor cells to biomarkers circulating in peripheral blood, many markers have been identified as associated with the response to immunotherapy. In this review, we would like to summarize the latest knowledge about predictive and prognostic biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy in order to go further in the field of precision immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Pabst
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Lopes
- Pharmacy Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Basil Bertrand
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Quentin Creusot
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Kotovskaya
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Erwan Pencreach
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michèle Beau-Faller
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Mascaux
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory Streinth (STress REsponse and INnovative THerapy against Cancer), Inserm UMR_S 1113, IRFAC, Université de Strasbourg, ITI InnoVec, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Wolf L, Boutros M. The role of Evi/Wntless in exporting Wnt proteins. Development 2023; 150:286996. [PMID: 36763105 PMCID: PMC10112924 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular communication by Wnt proteins governs many essential processes during development, tissue homeostasis and disease in all metazoans. Many context-dependent effects are initiated in the Wnt-producing cells and depend on the export of lipidated Wnt proteins. Although much focus has been on understanding intracellular Wnt signal transduction, the cellular machinery responsible for Wnt secretion became better understood only recently. After lipid modification by the acyl-transferase Porcupine, Wnt proteins bind their dedicated cargo protein Evi/Wntless for transport and secretion. Evi/Wntless and Porcupine are conserved transmembrane proteins, and their 3D structures were recently determined. In this Review, we summarise studies and structural data highlighting how Wnts are transported from the ER to the plasma membrane, and the role of SNX3-retromer during the recycling of its cargo receptor Evi/Wntless. We also describe the regulation of Wnt export through a post-translational mechanism and review the importance of Wnt secretion for organ development and cancer, and as a future biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Wolf
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Rajtmajerová M, Trailin A, Liška V, Hemminki K, Ambrozkiewicz F. Long Non-Coding RNA and microRNA Interplay in Colorectal Cancer and Their Effect on the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5450. [PMID: 36358867 PMCID: PMC9655812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the current staging and grading systems are not sufficient to stratify patients for therapy and predict the outcome of the disease, there is an urgent need to understand cancer in its complexity. The mutual relationship between tumour and immune or stromal cells leads to rapid evolution and subsequent genetic and epigenetic changes. Immunoscore has been introduced as a diagnostic tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) only recently, emphasising the role of the specific tumor microenvironment in patient's prognosis and overall outcome. Despite the fact that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), cannot be translated into proteins, they significantly affect cell's transcriptome and translatome. miRNA binding to mRNA efficiently blocks its translation and leads to mRNA destruction. On the other hand, miRNAs can be bound by lncRNAs or circular RNAs (circRNAs), which prevents them from interfering with translation. In this way, ncRNAs create a multi-step network that regulates the cell's translatome. ncRNAs are also shed by the cell as exogenous RNAs and they are also found in exosomes, suggesting their role in intercellular communication. Hence, these mechanisms affect the tumor microenvironment as much as protein signal molecules. In this review, we provide an insight into the current knowledge of the microenvironment, lncRNAs', and miRNAs' interplay. Understanding mechanisms that underlie the evolution of a tissue as complex as a tumour is crucial for the future success in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Rajtmajerová
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Trailin
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Liška
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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4
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Gao S, Jin Y, Zhang H. Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Front Genet 2021; 12:757897. [PMID: 34899842 PMCID: PMC8654726 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.757897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is related to cancer progression; however, its diagnostic and prognostic potential have not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. In this study, multiple bioinformatic analyses were conducted to evaluate therapeutic value of DKK1 in human cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project served as data resources. The Wilcoxon rank test was performed to evaluate the expression difference of DKK1 between cancer tissues and normal tissues. A Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression were used for prognosis evaluation. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to evaluate the association of DKK1 expression with the immune cell infiltration. The potential function of DKK1 was explored by STRING and clusterProfiler. We found that the expression level of DKK1 is significantly different in different cancer types. Importantly, we demonstrated that DKK1 is an independent risk factor in ESCA, LUAD, MESO, and STAD. Further analysis revealed that DKK1 had a large effect on the immune cell infiltration and markers of certain immune cells, such as Th1 and Th2 cells. PPI network analysis and further pathway enrichment analysis indicated that DKK1 was mainly involved in the WNT signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that DKK1 might serve as a marker of prognosis for certain cancers by affecting the WNT signaling pathway and tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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Furman SA, Stern AM, Uttam S, Taylor DL, Pullara F, Chennubhotla SC. In situ functional cell phenotyping reveals microdomain networks in colorectal cancer recurrence. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100072. [PMID: 34888541 PMCID: PMC8653984 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are dynamic ecosystems comprising localized niches (microdomains), possessing distinct compositions and spatial configurations of cancer and non-cancer cell populations. Microdomain-specific network signaling coevolves with a continuum of cell states and functional plasticity associated with disease progression and therapeutic responses. We present LEAPH, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm for identifying cell phenotypes, which applies recursive steps of probabilistic clustering and spatial regularization to derive functional phenotypes (FPs) along a continuum. Combining LEAPH with pointwise mutual information and network biology analyses enables the discovery of outcome-associated microdomains visualized as distinct spatial configurations of heterogeneous FPs. Utilization of an immunofluorescence-based (51 biomarkers) image dataset of colorectal carcinoma primary tumors (n = 213) revealed microdomain-specific network dysregulation supporting cancer stem cell maintenance and immunosuppression that associated selectively with the recurrence phenotype. LEAPH enables an explainable artificial intelligence platform providing insights into pathophysiological mechanisms and novel drug targets to inform personalized therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Furman
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Andrew M. Stern
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Shikhar Uttam
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - D. Lansing Taylor
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- SpIntellx, Inc., 2425 Sidney Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA
| | - Filippo Pullara
- SpIntellx, Inc., 2425 Sidney Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA
| | - S. Chakra Chennubhotla
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- SpIntellx, Inc., 2425 Sidney Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA
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Hu Y, Zheng M, Zhang D, Gou R, Liu O, Wang S, Lin B. Identification of the prognostic value of a 2-gene signature of the WNT gene family in UCEC using bioinformatics and real-world data. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:516. [PMID: 34565373 PMCID: PMC8474865 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The WNT gene family plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, but its involvement has not been systematically analyzed in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the WNT gene family in UCEC. Methods Pan-cancer transcriptome data of the UCSC Xena database and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) normal tissue data were downloaded to analyze the expression and prognosis of 19 WNT family genes in UCEC. A cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas-Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (TCGA-UCEC) was used to analyze the expression of the WNT gene family in different immune subtypes and clinical subgroups. The STRING database was used to analyze the interaction of the WNT gene family and its biological function. Univariate Cox regression analysis and Lasso cox analysis were used to identify the genes associated with significant prognosis and to construct multi signature prognosis model. An immunohistochemical assay was used to verify the predictive ability of the model. Risk score and the related clinical features were used to construct a nomogram. Results The expression levels of WNT2, WNT3, WNT3A, WNT5A, WNT7A, and WNT10A were significantly different among different immune subtypes and correlated with TP53 mutation. According to the WNT family genes related to the prognosis of UCEC, UCEC was classified into two subtypes (C1, C2). The prognosis of subtype C1 was significantly better than that of subtype C2. A 2-gene signature (WNT2 and WNT10A) was constructed and the two significantly prognostic groups can be divided based on median Risk score. These results were verified using real-world data, and the nomogram constructed using clinical features and Risk score had good prognostic ability. Conclusions The 2-gene signature including WNT2 and WNT10A can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with UCEC, which is important for clinical decision-making and individualized therapy for patients with UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China
| | - Mingjun Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China
| | - Rui Gou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China
| | - Ouxuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Benxi, China. .,4th Gynecological Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Liaoning, 110004, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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BCL9/BCL9L promotes tumorigenicity through immune-dependent and independent mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:2982-2997. [PMID: 33767438 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been challenging due to a lack of well-defined molecular targets. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to be activated in many TNBC patients and BCL9 and BCL9L are important transcriptional co-activators of β-catenin, but whether inhibition of BCL9/BCL9L can suppress TNBC growth and the underlying mechanism are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that the expression of BCL9 and BCL9L is directly correlated with malignancy in TNBC patient tumors and that BCL9 and BCL9L promote tumor cell growth, cell migration and metastasis in TNBC models. Mechanistically, we found that BCL9/BCL9L promotes tumorigenicity through both the Wnt and TGF-β pathways. Besides, BCL9/BCL9L expression inversely correlates with CD8+ T cell infiltration in TNBC and BCL9/BCL9L inhibits the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. hsBCL9CT-24, an inhibitor of BCL9/β-catenin peptides, promotes intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells, reducing regulatory T cells (Treg) and increasing dendritic cells (DCs). Inhibition of BCL9/BCL9L and TGF-β suppresses activity of Treg. TGF-β signaling increases tumor infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. In accordance, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of BCL9/BCL9L synergizes with PD-1/L1 antibodies to inhibit tumor growth. In summary, these results suggest that targeting BCL9/BCL9L has a direct anti-tumor effect and also unleashes an anti-cancer immune response through inhibition of both Wnt and TGF-β signaling, suggesting a viable therapeutic approach for TNBC treatment.
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Florkowska A, Meszka I, Zawada M, Legutko D, Proszynski TJ, Janczyk-Ilach K, Streminska W, Ciemerych MA, Grabowska I. Pax7 as molecular switch regulating early and advanced stages of myogenic mouse ESC differentiation in teratomas. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:238. [PMID: 32552916 PMCID: PMC7301568 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pluripotent stem cells present the ability to self-renew and undergo differentiation into any cell type building an organism. Importantly, a lot of evidence on embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation comes from in vitro studies. However, ESCs cultured in vitro do not necessarily behave as cells differentiating in vivo. For this reason, we used teratomas to study early and advanced stages of in vivo ESC myogenic differentiation and the role of Pax7 in this process. Pax7 transcription factor plays a crucial role in the formation and differentiation of skeletal muscle precursor cells during embryonic development. It controls the expression of other myogenic regulators and also acts as an anti-apoptotic factor. It is also involved in the formation and maintenance of satellite cell population. Methods In vivo approach we used involved generation and analysis of pluripotent stem cell-derived teratomas. Such model allows to analyze early and also terminal stages of tissue differentiation, for example, terminal stages of myogenesis, including the formation of innervated and vascularized mature myofibers. Results We determined how the lack of Pax7 function affects the generation of different myofiber types. In Pax7−/− teratomas, the skeletal muscle tissue occupied significantly smaller area, as compared to Pax7+/+ ones. The proportion of myofibers expressing Myh3 and Myh2b did not differ between Pax7+/+ and Pax7−/− teratomas. However, the area of Myh7 and Myh2a myofibers was significantly lower in Pax7−/− ones. Molecular characteristic of skeletal muscles revealed that the levels of mRNAs coding Myh isoforms were significantly lower in Pax7−/− teratomas. The level of mRNAs encoding Pax3 was significantly higher, while the expression of Nfix, Eno3, Mck, Mef2a, and Itga7 was significantly lower in Pax7−/− teratomas, as compared to Pax7+/+ ones. We proved that the number of satellite cells in Pax7−/− teratomas was significantly reduced. Finally, analysis of neuromuscular junction localization in samples prepared with the iDISCO method confirmed that the organization of neuromuscular junctions in Pax7−/− teratomas was impaired. Conclusions Pax7−/− ESCs differentiate in vivo to embryonic myoblasts more readily than Pax7+/+ cells. In the absence of functional Pax7, initiation of myogenic differentiation is facilitated, and as a result, the expression of mesoderm embryonic myoblast markers is upregulated. However, in the absence of functional Pax7 neuromuscular junctions, formation is abnormal, what results in lower differentiation potential of Pax7−/− ESCs during advanced stages of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Florkowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Igor Meszka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zawada
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Diana Legutko
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz J Proszynski
- Laboratory of Synaptogenesis, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Present Address: Lukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Janczyk-Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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A Nucleotide Analog Prevents Colitis-Associated Cancer via Beta-Catenin Independently of Inflammation and Autophagy. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:33-53. [PMID: 32497793 PMCID: PMC7593585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic bowel inflammation increases the risk of colon cancer; colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Thiopurine treatments are associated with a reduction in dysplasia and CAC in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Abnormal Wnt/β-catenin signalling is characteristic of >90% of colorectal cancers. Immunosuppression by thiopurines is via Rac1 GTPase, which also affects Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Autophagy is implicated in colonic tumors, and topical delivery of the thiopurine thioguanine (TG) is known to alleviate colitis and augment autophagy. This study investigated the effects of TG in a murine model of CAC and potential mechanisms. METHODS Colonic dysplasia was induced by exposure to azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in wild-type (WT) mice and mice harboring intestinal epithelial cell-specific deletion of autophagy related 7 gene (Atg7ΔIEC). TG or vehicle was administered intrarectally, and the effect on tumor burden and β-catenin activity was assessed. The mechanisms of action of TG were investigated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS TG ameliorated DSS colitis in wild-type but not Atg7ΔIEC mice, demonstrating that anti-inflammatory effects of locally delivered TG are autophagy-dependent. However, TG inhibited CAC in both wild-type and Atg7ΔIEC mice. This was associated with decreased β-catenin activation/nuclear translocation demonstrating that TG's inhibition of tumorigenesis occurred independently of anti-inflammatory and pro-autophagic actions. These results were confirmed in cell lines, and the dependency on Rac1 GTPase was demonstrated by siRNA knockdown and overexpression of constitutively active Rac1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence for a new mechanism that could be exploited to improve CAC chemoprophylactic approaches.
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MUC13 promotes the development of colitis-associated colorectal tumors via β-catenin activity. Oncogene 2019; 38:7294-7310. [PMID: 31427737 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many adenocarcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRC), overexpress the MUC13 cell surface mucin, but the functional significance and mechanisms are unknown. Here, we report the roles of MUC13 in colonic tumorigenesis and tumor progression. High-MUC13 expression is associated with poor survival in two independent patient cohorts. In a comprehensive series of in vivo experiments, we identified a critical role for MUC13 in the development of this malignancy, by promoting survival and proliferation of tumor-initiating cells and driving an immunosuppressive environment that protects tumors from checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. In Muc13-deficient mice, fewer tumors are generated after exposure to carcinogens and inflammation, they have markedly reduced β-catenin signaling, have more tumor-infiltrating CD103+ dendritic cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes, fewer myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and are rendered sensitive to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (anti-PD-L1). Mechanistically, we show that MUC13 protects β-catenin from degradation, by interacting with GSK-3β, which increases β-catenin nuclear translocation and promotes its signaling, thereby driving cancer initiation, progression, invasion, and immune suppression. Therefore, MUC13 is a potential marker of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer, and inhibiting MUC13 may be useful in the treatment of colitis-associated cancer and sensitizing tumors to immunotherapy.
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Kang HJ, Oh JH, Chun SM, Kim D, Ryu YM, Hwang HS, Kim SY, An J, Cho EJ, Lee H, Shim JH, Sung CO, Yu E. Immunogenomic landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma with immune cell stroma and EBV-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. J Hepatol 2019; 71:91-103. [PMID: 30930222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The immunogenomic characteristics of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with immune cell stroma (HCC-IS), defined histologically, have not been clarified. We investigated the clinical and molecular features of HCC-IS and the prognostic impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. METHODS We evaluated 219 patients with conventional HCC (C-HCC) and 47 with HCC-IS using in situ hybridization for EBV, immunohistochemistry, multiplex immunofluorescence staining, and whole exome and transcriptome sequencing. Human leukocyte antigen types were also extracted from the sequencing data. Genomic and prognostic parameters were compared between HCC-IS and C-HCC. RESULTS CD8 T cell infiltration was more frequent in HCC-IS than C-HCC (mean fraction/sample, 22.6% vs. 8.9%, false discovery rate q <0.001), as was EBV positivity in CD20-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (74.5% vs. 4.6%, p <0.001). CTNNB1 mutations were not identified in any HCC-IS, while they were present in 24.1% of C-HCC (p = 0.016). Inhibitory and stimulatory immune modulators were expressed at similar levels in HCC-IS and EBV-positive C-HCC. Global hypermethylation, and expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in TILs, and PD-L1 in tumors, were also associated with HCC-IS (p <0.001), whereas human leukocyte antigen type did not differ according to HCC type or EBV positivity. HCC-IS was an independent factor for favorable recurrence-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.23; p = 0.002). However, a subgroup of tumors with a high density of EBV-positive TILs had poorer recurrence-free (aHR 25.48; p <0.001) and overall (aHR 9.6; p = 0.003) survival, and significant enrichment of CD8 T cell exhaustion signatures (q = 0.0296). CONCLUSIONS HCC-IS is a distinct HCC subtype associated with a good prognosis and frequent EBV-positive TILs. However, paradoxically, a high density of EBV-positive TILs in tumors is associated with inferior prognostic outcomes. Patients with HCC-IS could be candidates for immunotherapy. LAY SUMMARY Hepatocellular carcinomas with histologic evidence of abundant immune cell infiltration are characterized by frequent activation of Epstein-Barr virus in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and less aggressive clinical behavior. However, a high density of Epstein-Barr virus-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is associated with inferior prognostic outcomes, possibly as a result of immune escape due to significant CD8 T cell exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Kang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Chun
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokhoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Mi Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sang Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanyang University of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Cho
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunsil Yu
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wu H, Li Y, Hou Q, Zhou R, Li Z, Wu S, Yu J, Jiang M. Single‑cell intratumoral stemness analysis reveals the involvement of cell cycle and DNA damage repair in two different types of esophageal cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:3201-3208. [PMID: 31002369 PMCID: PMC6489016 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity, particularly the potential cancer stemness of single cancer cells, has not yet been fully elucidated in human esophageal cancer. Single‑cell transcriptome sequencing of two types of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and two types of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues was performed, and the intratumoral cancer stemness of the types of esophageal cancer were characterized at the single‑cell level in the present study. By comparing the transcriptomic profiles of single cancer cells with high and low stemness in individual patients, it was revealed that the overexpression of cell cycle‑associated genes in EAC cells was highly correlated with stemness, whereas overexpression of genes involved in the signaling pathways of DNA replication and DNA damage repair was significantly correlated with stemness in ESCC. High expression of these stemness‑associated genes was correlated with poor prognosis of patients. Additionally, poly [ADP‑ribose] polymerase(PARP)4 was identified as a novel cancer stemness‑associated gene in ESCC and its association with survival was validated in a cohort of 121 patients with ESCC. These findings have profound potential implications for the use of cell cycle inhibitors in EAC and PARP inhibitors in ESCC, which may provide novel mechanistic insights into the plasticity of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Hou
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Rongjin Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Shixiu Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
| | - Juehua Yu
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Mingfeng Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 320000, P.R. China
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13
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Kerdidani D, Chouvardas P, Arjo AR, Giopanou I, Ntaliarda G, Guo YA, Tsikitis M, Kazamias G, Potaris K, Stathopoulos GT, Zakynthinos S, Kalomenidis I, Soumelis V, Kollias G, Tsoumakidou M. Wnt1 silences chemokine genes in dendritic cells and induces adaptive immune resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1405. [PMID: 30926812 PMCID: PMC6441097 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)-derived Wnts increase cancer cell proliferative/stemness potential, but whether they impact the immune microenvironment is unknown. Here we show that LUAD cells use paracrine Wnt1 signaling to induce immune resistance. In TCGA, Wnt1 correlates strongly with tolerogenic genes. In another LUAD cohort, Wnt1 inversely associates with T cell abundance. Altering Wnt1 expression profoundly affects growth of murine lung adenocarcinomas and this is dependent on conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and T cells. Mechanistically, Wnt1 leads to transcriptional silencing of CC/CXC chemokines in cDCs, T cell exclusion and cross-tolerance. Wnt-target genes are up-regulated in human intratumoral cDCs and decrease upon silencing Wnt1, accompanied by enhanced T cell cytotoxicity. siWnt1-nanoparticles given as single therapy or part of combinatorial immunotherapies act at both arms of the cancer-immune ecosystem to halt tumor growth. Collectively, our studies show that Wnt1 induces immunologically cold tumors through cDCs and highlight its immunotherapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Kerdidani
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari-Athens, 16672, Greece.,1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 10676, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Chouvardas
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari-Athens, 16672, Greece.,Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Ares Rocanin Arjo
- Integrative Biology of Human Dendritic Cells and T Cells, Institute Curie, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Ioanna Giopanou
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Achaia, 26504, Greece
| | - Giannoula Ntaliarda
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Achaia, 26504, Greece
| | - Yu Amanda Guo
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Mary Tsikitis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Georgios Kazamias
- Department of Histopathology, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, 10676, Greece
| | | | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Achaia, 26504, Greece.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Bavaria, 81377, Germany
| | - Spyros Zakynthinos
- 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 10676, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kalomenidis
- 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 10676, Greece
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Integrative Biology of Human Dendritic Cells and T Cells, Institute Curie, Paris, 75005, France
| | - George Kollias
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari-Athens, 16672, Greece.,Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Tsoumakidou
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari-Athens, 16672, Greece.
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14
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Chovanec M, Cierna Z, Miskovska V, Machalekova K, Kalavska K, Rejlekova K, Svetlovska D, Macak D, Spanik S, Kajo K, Babal P, Mego M, Mardiak J. βcatenin is a marker of poor clinical characteristics and suppressed immune infiltration in testicular germ cell tumors. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1062. [PMID: 30390643 PMCID: PMC6215644 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND WNT/βcatenin (WNTβ) pathway is activated in early stages of embryonic development. We aimed to evaluate the significance of βcatenin in germ cell tumors (GCTs) and explore associations with the inflamed environment. METHODS Surgical specimens from 247 patients were analyzed. Βcatenin expression was detected in the tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinical characteristics, outcome, PD-L1 expression and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to investigate the immune-cell related effects of βcatenin and PD-L1 encoding genes. RESULTS βcatenin was expressed in 86.2% of GCTs. The expression in seminomas was significantly lower compared to all subtypes of non-seminoma (all P < 0.0001). A high expression (weighted histoscore > 150) was associated with primary mediastinal non-seminoma (P = 0.035), intermediate/poor risk disease (P = 0.033) and high tumor markers (P = 0.035). We observed a positive correlation with the PD-L1 in tumor and an inverse correlation with the SII. IPA uncovered relationships of CTNNB (βcatenin) and CD274 (PD-L1) genes and their effects on differentiation, proliferation and activation of lymphocyte subtypes. CONCLUSION Herein, we showed that βcatenin is associated with male adult GCT characteristics as well as supressed immune environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Chovanec
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. .,National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia. .,Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Cierna
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viera Miskovska
- 1st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Kollarska 12, 812 50, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Katarina Kalavska
- National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Rejlekova
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Svetlovska
- National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dusan Macak
- National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Spanik
- 1st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Kollarska 12, 812 50, Bratislava, Slovakia.,St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Heydukova 10, 812 50, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karol Kajo
- St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Heydukova 10, 812 50, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Babal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty Hospital with Policlinics Skalica, a.s, Koreszkova 936/7, 909 01, Skalica, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Mardiak
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
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15
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Schinzari V, Timperi E, Pecora G, Palmucci F, Gallerano D, Grimaldi A, Covino DA, Guglielmo N, Melandro F, Manzi E, Sagnotta A, Lancellotti F, Sacco L, Chirletti P, Grazi GL, Rossi M, Barnaba V. Wnt3a/β-Catenin Signaling Conditions Differentiation of Partially Exhausted T-effector Cells in Human Cancers. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:941-952. [PMID: 30018041 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Schinzari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Timperi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pecora
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Palmucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallerano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Grimaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Angela Covino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Guglielmo
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Melandro
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Emy Manzi
- Chirurgia Epato-Bilio-Pancreatica, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori "Regina Elena," Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sagnotta
- Chirurgia Epato-Bilio-Pancreatica, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori "Regina Elena," Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Chirurgiche e Medicina Traslazionale, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lancellotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Sacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Chirletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Chirurgia Epato-Bilio-Pancreatica, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori "Regina Elena," Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
- Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
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16
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Farhadian M, Rafat SA, Hasanpur K, Ebrahimi M, Ebrahimie E. Cross-Species Meta-Analysis of Transcriptomic Data in Combination With Supervised Machine Learning Models Identifies the Common Gene Signature of Lactation Process. Front Genet 2018; 9:235. [PMID: 30050559 PMCID: PMC6052129 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactation, a physiologically complex process, takes place in mammary gland after parturition. The expression profile of the effective genes in lactation has not comprehensively been elucidated. Herein, meta-analysis, using publicly available microarray data, was conducted identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pre- and post-peak milk production. Three microarray datasets of Rat, Bos Taurus, and Tammar wallaby were used. Samples related to pre-peak (n = 85) and post-peak (n = 24) milk production were selected. Meta-analysis revealed 31 DEGs across the studied species. Interestingly, 10 genes, including MRPS18B, SF1, UQCRC1, NUCB1, RNF126, ADSL, TNNC1, FIS1, HES5 and THTPA, were not detected in original studies that highlights meta-analysis power in biosignature discovery. Common target and regulator analysis highlighted the high connectivity of CTNNB1, CDD4 and LPL as gene network hubs. As data originally came from three different species, to check the effects of heterogeneous data sources on DEGs, 10 attribute weighting (machine learning) algorithms were applied. Attribute weighting results showed that the type of organism had no or little effect on the selected gene list. Systems biology analysis suggested that these DEGs affect the milk production by improving the immune system performance and mammary cell growth. This is the first study employing both meta-analysis and machine learning approaches for comparative analysis of gene expression pattern of mammary glands in two important time points of lactation process. The finding may pave the way to use of publically available to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of physiologically complex traits such as lactation in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farhadian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed A Rafat
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Hasanpur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, School of Information Technology & Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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17
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Pai SG, Carneiro BA, Mota JM, Costa R, Leite CA, Barroso-Sousa R, Kaplan JB, Chae YK, Giles FJ. Wnt/beta-catenin pathway: modulating anticancer immune response. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:101. [PMID: 28476164 PMCID: PMC5420131 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a highly conserved pathway through evolution, regulates key cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, migration, genetic stability, apoptosis, and stem cell renewal. The Wnt pathway mediates biological processes by a canonical or noncanonical pathway, depending on the involvement of β-catenin in signal transduction. β-catenin is a core component of the cadherin protein complex, whose stabilization is essential for the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. As multiple aberrations in this pathway occur in numerous cancers, WNT-directed therapy represents an area of significant developmental therapeutics focus. The recently described role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in regulating immune cell infiltration of the tumor microenvironment renewed the interest, given its potential impact on responses to immunotherapy treatments. This article summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer and ongoing therapeutic strategies involving this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gopalkrishna Pai
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Current Address: Department of Interdisciplinary Clinical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, USA.
| | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jose Mauricio Mota
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Costa
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Jason Benjamin Kaplan
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis Joseph Giles
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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