1
|
Dragan M, Chen Z, Li Y, Le J, Sun P, Haensel D, Sureshchandra S, Pham A, Lu E, Pham KT, Verlande A, Vu R, Gutierrez G, Li W, Jang C, Masri S, Dai X. Ovol1/2 loss-induced epidermal defects elicit skin immune activation and alter global metabolism. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56214. [PMID: 37249012 PMCID: PMC10328084 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin epidermis constitutes the outer permeability barrier that protects the body from dehydration, heat loss, and myriad external assaults. Mechanisms that maintain barrier integrity in constantly challenged adult skin and how epidermal dysregulation shapes the local immune microenvironment and whole-body metabolism remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that inducible and simultaneous ablation of transcription factor-encoding Ovol1 and Ovol2 in adult epidermis results in barrier dysregulation through impacting epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and inflammatory gene expression. We find that aberrant skin immune activation then ensues, featuring Langerhans cell mobilization and T cell responses, and leading to elevated levels of secreted inflammatory factors in circulation. Finally, we identify failure to gain body weight and accumulate body fat as long-term consequences of epidermal-specific Ovol1/2 loss and show that these global metabolic changes along with the skin barrier/immune defects are partially rescued by immunosuppressant dexamethasone. Collectively, our study reveals key regulators of adult barrier maintenance and suggests a causal connection between epidermal dysregulation and whole-body metabolism that is in part mediated through aberrant immune activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Dragan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Present address:
Institute of PsoriasisTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Daniel Haensel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Present address:
Program in Epithelial BiologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Anh Pham
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Eddie Lu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Katherine Thanh Pham
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Amandine Verlande
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Remy Vu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Guadalupe Gutierrez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Dermatology, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sulic AM, Das Roy R, Papagno V, Lan Q, Saikkonen R, Jernvall J, Thesleff I, Mikkola ML. Transcriptomic landscape of early hair follicle and epidermal development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112643. [PMID: 37318953 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphogenesis of ectodermal organs, such as hair, tooth, and mammary gland, starts with the formation of local epithelial thickenings, or placodes, but it remains to be determined how distinct cell types and differentiation programs are established during ontogeny. Here, we use bulk and single-cell transcriptomics and pseudotime modeling to address these questions in developing hair follicles and epidermis and produce a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of cellular populations in the hair placode and interplacodal epithelium. We report previously unknown cell populations and marker genes, including early suprabasal and genuine interfollicular basal markers, and propose the identity of suprabasal progenitors. By uncovering four different hair placode cell populations organized in three spatially distinct areas, with fine gene expression gradients between them, we posit early biases in cell fate establishment. This work is accompanied by a readily accessible online tool to stimulate further research on skin appendages and their progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Marija Sulic
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rishi Das Roy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Verdiana Papagno
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qiang Lan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Saikkonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Jernvall
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irma Thesleff
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja L Mikkola
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jia X, He L, Yang Z. Recent advances in the role of Yes-associated protein in dermatosis. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13285. [PMID: 36973973 PMCID: PMC10155855 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatosis is a general term for diseases of the skin and skin appendages including scleroderma, psoriasis, bullous disease, atopic dermatitis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. These diseases affect millions of individuals globally and are a serious public health concern. However, the pathogenesis of skin diseases is not fully understood, and treatments are not optimal. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional coactivator that plays a role in the regulation of gene transcription and signal transduction. AIMS To study the role of Yes-associated protein in skin diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the role of YAP in skin diseases, current treatments that target YAP, and potential avenues for novel therapies. RESULTS Abnormal YAP expression has been implicated in occurrence and development of dermatosis. YAP regulates the cell homeostasis, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiopoiesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, among other processes. As well as, it serves as a potential target in many biological processes for treating dermatosis. CONCLUSIONS The effects of YAP on the skin are complex and require multidimensional investigational approaches. YAP functions as an oncoprotein that can promote the occurrence and development of cancer, but there is currently limited information on the therapeutic potential of YAP inhibition for cancer treatment. Additional studies are also needed to clarify the role of YAP in the development and maturation of dermal fibroblasts; skin barrier function, homeostasis, aging, and melanin production; and dermatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Jia
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Li He
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sobel Naveh NS, Traxler EM, Duffy KA, Kalish JM. Molecular networks of hepatoblastoma predisposition and oncogenesis in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:2132-2146. [PMID: 35507738 PMCID: PMC9315120 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) is the most common human overgrowth disorder caused by structural and epigenetic changes to chromosome 11p15. Patients with BWS are predisposed to developing hepatoblastoma (HB). To better understand the mechanism of HB oncogenesis in this cancer predisposition background, we performed the first multi-dimensional study of HB samples collected from patients diagnosed with BWS. This multi-omic investigation of seven BWS HB and five matched nontumor BWS liver samples from 7 unique patients included examination of whole exome sequences, messenger RNA/microRNA expression, and methylation levels to elucidate the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic landscape of BWS-associated HB. We compared the transcriptional profiles of the BWS samples, both HB and nontumor, to that of control livers. Genes differentially expressed across BWS tissues were identified as BWS HB predisposition factors; this gene group included cell cycle regulators, chromatin organizers, and WNT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT members. We also compared transcriptional changes associated with non-syndromic HB carrying BWS-like 11p15 alterations compared to those without, as well as to BWS HB. Through this analysis, we identified factors specific to 11p15-altered HB oncogenesis, termed the BWS oncogenesis network. We propose that 11p15 alterations drive HB oncogenesis by initially dysregulating cell-cycle regulators and chromatin organizers, including histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), ATP-dependent helicase X, and F-Box and WD repeat domain containing 7. Furthermore, we found oncogenic factors such as dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 and 4, WNT16, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), and MAPK10 are differentially expressed in 11p15-altered HB in both the BWS and non-syndromic backgrounds. These genes warrant further investigation as diagnostic or therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natali S Sobel Naveh
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer ResearchChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Emily M Traxler
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer ResearchChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kelly A Duffy
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer ResearchChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer ResearchChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA.,Departments of Pediatrics and GeneticsPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao S, Wan X, Dai Y, Gong L, Le Q. WNT16B enhances the proliferation and self-renewal of limbal epithelial cells via CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:864-878. [PMID: 35364008 PMCID: PMC9023808 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Culture of limbal epithelial cells (LECs) provides the principal source of transplanted limbal stem cells (LESCs) for treatment of limbal-stem-cell deficiency. Optimization of the culture conditions for in-vitro-expanded LECs will help to create a graft with an optimized quality and quantity of LESCs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of WNT16B on LECs and corneal wound healing and the underlying mechanism. Treatment with exogenous WNT16B increased the proliferative capacity and self-renewal of LECs in the cultures. We further revealed that C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was vital for the effects of WNT16B, and activation of CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling was pivotal in mediating the effects of WNT16B on LECs enriched for LESCs. The stimulatory effect of WNT16B on corneal epithelial repair was confirmed in a mouse corneal-wound-healing model. In summary, WNT16B enhances proliferation and self-renewal of LECs via the CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling cascade and accelerates corneal-epithelial wound healing. The expression of WNT16B decreases with age WNT16B promotes the proliferation and self-renewal of limbal epitheial cells The effect of WNT16B on LEC is modulated through CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling pathway WNT16B accelerates corneal-epithelial wound healing
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songjiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xichen Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yiqin Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Research Center, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Qihua Le
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Research Center, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu Q, Xu X, Miao X, Bao X, Li X, Xiang L, Wang W, Du S, Lu Y, Wang X, Yang D, Zhang J, Shen X, Li F, Lu S, Fan Y, Xu S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Teng H, Huang Z. YAP signaling in horizontal basal cells promotes the regeneration of olfactory epithelium after injury. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:664-677. [PMID: 35148842 PMCID: PMC9039758 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The horizontal basal cells (HBCs) of olfactory epithelium (OE) serve as reservoirs for stem cells during OE regeneration, through proliferation and differentiation, which is important in recovery of olfactory function. However, the molecular mechanism of regulation of HBC proliferation and differentiation after injury remains unclear. Here, we found that yes-associated protein (YAP) was upregulated and activated in HBCs after OE injury. Deletion of YAP in HBCs led to impairment in OE regeneration and functional recovery of olfaction after injury. Mechanically, YAP was activated by S1P/S1PR2 signaling, thereby promoting the proliferation of HBCs and OE regeneration after injury. Finally, activation of YAP signaling enhanced the proliferation of HBCs and improved functional recovery of olfaction after OE injury or in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Taken together, these results reveal an S1P/S1PR2/YAP pathway in OE regeneration in response to injury, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for OE injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xingxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xuemeng Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaomei Bao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ludan Xiang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Siyu Du
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiwu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Danlu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiya Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Fayi Li
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yiren Fan
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Honglin Teng
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Zhihui Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ledwon JK, Vaca EE, Huang CC, Kelsey LJ, McGrath JL, Topczewski J, Gosain AK, Topczewska JM. Langerhans cells and SFRP2/Wnt/beta-catenin signalling control adaptation of skin epidermis to mechanical stretching. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:764-775. [PMID: 35019227 PMCID: PMC8817127 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin can be mechanically stimulated to grow through a clinical procedure called tissue expansion (TE). Using a porcine TE model, we determined that expansion promptly activates transcription of SFRP2 in skin and we revealed that in the epidermis, this protein is secreted by Langerhans cells (LCs). Similar to well‐known mechanosensitive genes, the increase in SFRP2 expression was proportional to the magnitude of tension, showing a spike at the apex of the expanded skin. This implies that SFRP2 might be a newly discovered effector of mechanotransduction pathways. In addition, we found that acute stretching induces accumulation of b‐catenin in the nuclei of basal keratinocytes (KCs) and LCs, indicating Wnt signalling activation, followed by cell proliferation. Moreover, TE‐activated LCs proliferate and migrate into the suprabasal layer of skin, suggesting that LCs rebuild their steady network within the growing epidermis. We demonstrated that in vitro hrSFRP2 treatment on KCs inhibits Wnt/b‐catenin signalling and stimulates KC differentiation. In parallel, we observed an accumulation of KRT10 in vivo in the expanded skin, pointing to TE‐induced, SFRP2‐augmented KC maturation. Overall, our results reveal that a network of LCs delivers SFRP2 across the epidermis to fine‐tune Wnt/b‐catenin signalling to restore epidermal homeostasis disrupted by TE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Ledwon
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elbert E Vaca
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chiang C Huang
- University of Wisconsin, Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, Milwaukee, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren J Kelsey
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer L McGrath
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacek Topczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Arun K Gosain
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jolanta M Topczewska
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bonnet C, González S, Roberts JS, Robertson SYT, Ruiz M, Zheng J, Deng SX. Human limbal epithelial stem cell regulation, bioengineering and function. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 85:100956. [PMID: 33676006 PMCID: PMC8428188 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The corneal epithelium is continuously renewed by limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs), a cell population harbored in a highly regulated niche located at the limbus. Dysfunction and/or loss of LSCs and their niche cause limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), a disease that is marked by invasion of conjunctival epithelium into the cornea and results in failure of epithelial wound healing. Corneal opacity, pain, loss of vision, and blindness are the consequences of LSCD. Successful treatment of LSCD depends on accurate diagnosis and staging of the disease and requires restoration of functional LSCs and their niche. This review highlights the major advances in the identification of potential LSC biomarkers and components of the LSC niche, understanding of LSC regulation, methods and regulatory standards in bioengineering of LSCs, and diagnosis and staging of LSCD. Overall, this review presents key points for researchers and clinicians alike to consider in deepening the understanding of LSC biology and improving LSCD therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Bonnet
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Cornea Department, Paris University, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Sheyla González
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - JoAnn S Roberts
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sarah Y T Robertson
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Maxime Ruiz
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Basic Science Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sophie X Deng
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan S, Ripamonti R, Kawabe H, Ben-Yehuda Greenwald M, Werner S. NEDD4-1 is a key regulator of epidermal homeostasis and wound repair. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1703-1713.e11. [PMID: 34756879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1 plays key roles in organ development, tissue homeostasis and cancer, but its functions in the skin are largely unknown. Here we show perturbations in keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation, epidermal barrier function, and hair follicle cycling as well as increased UV-induced apoptosis in mice lacking Nedd4-1 in keratinocytes. In particular, re-epithelialization of full-thickness excisional wounds was delayed in the mutant mice. This was caused by severely impaired migration and proliferation of Nedd4-1-deficient keratinocytes. Therefore, a few keratinocytes, which had escaped recombination and expressed Nedd4-1, obtained a growth advantage and contributed to re-epithelialization. Mechanistically, Nedd4-1-deficient keratinocytes failed to efficiently activate the Erk1/2 mitogen-activated kinases and the YAP transcriptional co-activator. These results identify Nedd4-1 as an essential player in wound repair through its effect on mitogenic and motogenic signaling pathways in keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Yan
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Ripamonti
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hiroshi Kawabe
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 317-8511, Japan
| | - Maya Ben-Yehuda Greenwald
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Krishnan M, Kumar S, Kangale LJ, Ghigo E, Abnave P. The Act of Controlling Adult Stem Cell Dynamics: Insights from Animal Models. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050667. [PMID: 33946143 PMCID: PMC8144950 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells (ASCs) are the undifferentiated cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities. They are present in all major organ systems of the body and are uniquely reserved there during development for tissue maintenance during homeostasis, injury, and infection. They do so by promptly modulating the dynamics of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Any imbalance in these processes may result in regeneration failure or developing cancer. Hence, the dynamics of these various behaviors of ASCs need to always be precisely controlled. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been demonstrated to be involved in tightly regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of ASCs. Understanding these mechanisms is of great importance, given the role of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Investigations on various animal models have played a significant part in enriching our knowledge and giving In Vivo in-sight into such ASCs regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we have discussed the recent In Vivo studies demonstrating the role of various genetic factors in regulating dynamics of different ASCs viz. intestinal stem cells (ISCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and epidermal stem cells (Ep-SCs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Krishnan
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Luis Johnson Kangale
- IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France;
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Eric Ghigo
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
- TechnoJouvence, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Prasad Abnave
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Palma A, Nalesso G. WNT Signalling in Osteoarthritis and Its Pharmacological Targeting. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 269:337-356. [PMID: 34510305 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly disabling musculoskeletal condition affecting millions of people worldwide. OA is characterised by progressive destruction and irreversible morphological changes of joint tissues and architecture. At molecular level, de-regulation of several pathways contributes to the disruption of tissue homeostasis in the joint. Overactivation of the WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway has been associated with degenerative processes in OA. However, the multiple layers of complexity in the modulation of the signalling and the still insufficient knowledge of the specific molecular drivers of pathogenetic mechanisms have made difficult the pharmacological targeting of this pathway for therapeutic purposes. This review aims to provide an overview of the WNT/β-catenin signalling in OA with a particular focus on its role in the articular cartilage. Pathway components whose targeting showed therapeutic potential will be highlighted and described. A specific section will be dedicated to Lorecivivint, the first inhibitor of the β-catenin-dependent pathway currently in phase III clinical trial as OA-modifying agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna De Palma
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Giovanna Nalesso
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Heng BC, Zhang X, Aubel D, Bai Y, Li X, Wei Y, Fussenegger M, Deng X. Role of YAP/TAZ in Cell Lineage Fate Determination and Related Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:735. [PMID: 32850847 PMCID: PMC7406690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The penultimate effectors of the Hippo signaling pathways YAP and TAZ, are transcriptional co-activator proteins that play key roles in many diverse biological processes, ranging from cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, mechanosensing and cell lineage fate determination, to wound healing and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ control stem/progenitor cell differentiation into the various major lineages that are of interest to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Of particular interest is the key role of YAP/TAZ in maintaining the delicate balance between quiescence, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous adult stem cells within various tissues/organs during early development, normal homeostasis and regeneration/healing. Finally, we will consider how increasing knowledge of YAP/TAZ signaling might influence the trajectory of future progress in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boon C. Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dominique Aubel
- IUTA Department Genie Biologique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH-Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xuliang Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Han YH, Jin MH, Jin YH, Yu NN, Liu J, Zhang YQ, Cui YD, Wang AG, Lee DS, Kim SU, Kim JS, Kwon T, Sun HN. Deletion of Peroxiredoxin II Inhibits the Growth of Mouse Primary Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Induction of the G 0/G 1 Cell-cycle Arrest and Activation of AKT/GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling. In Vivo 2020; 34:133-141. [PMID: 31882472 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are pluripotent stem cells found in the skin which maintain the thickness of the dermal layer and participate in skin wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MTT assay was performed to detect cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression and cell-surface markers were assessed by flow cytometry. The levels of proteins in related signaling pathways were detected by western blotting assay and the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus were detected by immunofluorescence. Red oil O staining was performed to examine the differentiational ability of DMSCs. RESULTS Knockout of PRDX2 inhibited DMSC cell growth, and cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase; p16, p21 and cyclin D1 expression levels in Prdx2 knockout DMSCs were significantly increased. Furthermore, AKT phosphorylation were significantly increased in Prdx2 knockout DMSCs, GSK3β activity were inhibited, result in β-Catenin accumulated in the nucleus. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PRDX2 plays a pivotal role in regulating the proliferation of DMSCs, and this is closely related to the AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hao Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hua Jin
- Library and Information Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Nan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Dong Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Guo Wang
- Laboratory Animal center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 plus project), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shizu R, Yoshinari K. Nuclear receptor CAR-mediated liver cancer and its species differences. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:343-351. [PMID: 32202166 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1746268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The nuclear receptor CAR plays an important role in the regulation of hepatic responses to xenobiotic exposure, including the induction of hepatocyte proliferation and chemical carcinogenesis. Phenobarbital, a well-known liver cancer promoter, has been found to promote hepatocyte proliferation via CAR activation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CAR induces liver carcinogenesis remain unknown. In addition, it is believed that CAR-mediated liver carcinogenesis shows a species difference; phenobarbital treatment induces hepatocyte proliferation and liver cancer in rodents but not in humans. However, the mechanisms are also unknown.Areas covered: Several reports indicate that the key oncogenic signaling pathways Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP are involved in CAR-mediated liver carcinogenesis. We introduce current data about the possible molecular mechanisms involved in CAR-mediated liver carcinogenesis and species differences by focusing on these two signaling pathways.Expert opinion: CAR may activate both the Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP signaling pathways. The synergistic activation of both signaling pathways seems to be important for CAR-mediated liver cancer development. Low homology between the ligand binding domains of human CAR and rodent CAR might cause species differences in the interactions with proteins that control the Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP pathways as well as liver cancer induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Shizu
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kouichi Yoshinari
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thompson BJ. YAP/TAZ: Drivers of Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Resistance to Therapy. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900162. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Thompson
- EMBL AustraliaJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National University 131 Garran Rd, Acton 2602 Canberra ACT Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hu X, Zhang X, Liu Z, Li S, Zheng X, Nie Y, Tao Y, Zhou X, Wu W, Yang G, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Mou C. Exploration of key regulators driving primary feather follicle induction in goose skin. Gene 2020; 731:144338. [PMID: 31923576 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The primary feather follicles are universal skin appendages widely distributed in the skin of feathered birds. The morphogenesis and development of the primary feather follicles in goose skin remain largely unknown. Here, the induction of primary feather follicles in goose embryonic skin (pre-induction vs induction) was investigated by de novo transcriptome analyses to reveal 409 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were characterized to potentially regulate the de novo formation of feather follicle primordia consisting of placode (4 genes) and dermal condensate (12 genes), and the thickening of epidermis (5 genes) and dermal fibroblasts (17 genes), respectively. Further analyses enriched DEGs into GO terms represented as cell adhesion and KEGG pathways including Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways that are highly correlated with cell communication and molecular regulation. Six selected Wnt pathway genes were detected by qPCR with up-regulation in goose skin during the induction of primary feather follicles. The localization of WNT16, SFRP1 and FRZB by in situ hybridization showed weak expression in the primary feather primordia, whereas FZD1, LEF1 and DKK1 were expressed initially in the inter-follicular skin and feather follicle primordia, then mainly restricted in the feather primordia. The spatial-temporal expression patterns indicate that Wnt pathway genes DKK1, FZD1 and LEF1 are the important regulators functioned in the induction of primary feather follicle in goose skin. The dynamic molecular changes and specific gene expression patterns revealed in this report provide the general knowledge of primary feather follicle and skin development in waterfowl, and contribute to further understand the diversity of hair and feather development beyond the mouse and chicken models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Hu
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shaomei Li
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xinting Zheng
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yangfan Nie
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yingfeng Tao
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaoliu Zhou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Chunyan Mou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumar B, Chandler HL, Plageman T, Reilly MA. Lens Stretching Modulates Lens Epithelial Cell Proliferation via YAP Regulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:3920-3929. [PMID: 31546253 PMCID: PMC7043215 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The continuous growth of the lens throughout life may contribute to the onset of age-related conditions in the lens (i.e., presbyopia and cataract). Volumetric growth is the result of continuous proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs). The driving factors controlling LEC proliferation are not well understood. This study tested the hypothesis that mechanical stretching modulates LEC proliferation. Methods Biomechanical regulation of LEC proliferation was investigated by culturing whole porcine lenses and connective tissues ex vivo under varying physiologically relevant stretching conditions using a bespoke lens stretching device. Additionally, some lenses were treated with a YAP function inhibitor to determine the Hippo signaling pathway's role in regulating lens growth. Resulting changes in LEC labeling index were analyzed using EdU incorporation and flow cytometry for each lens. Results LEC proliferation was found to be modulated by mechanical strain. Increasing both the magnitude of static stretching and the stretching frequency in cyclic stretching resulted in a proportional increase in the labeling indices of the LECs. Additionally, treatment with the YAP function inhibitor effectively eliminated this relationship. Conclusions These data demonstrate that LEC proliferation is regulated in part, by the mechanotransduction of stresses induced in the lens capsule and that YAP plays an important role in mechanosensing. These results have important implications for understanding lens growth and morphogenesis. The model may also be used to identify and evaluate targets for modulating lens growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Heather L. Chandler
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Timothy Plageman
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Matthew A. Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sola-Carvajal A, Revêchon G, Helgadottir HT, Whisenant D, Hagblom R, Döhla J, Katajisto P, Brodin D, Fagerström-Billai F, Viceconte N, Eriksson M. Accumulation of Progerin Affects the Symmetry of Cell Division and Is Associated with Impaired Wnt Signaling and the Mislocalization of Nuclear Envelope Proteins. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2272-2280.e12. [PMID: 31128203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is the result of a defective form of the lamin A protein called progerin. While progerin is known to disrupt the properties of the nuclear lamina, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the pathophysiology of HGPS remain less clear. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that progerin expression in murine epidermal basal cells results in impaired stratification and halted development of the skin. Stratification and differentiation of the epidermis is regulated by asymmetric stem cell division. Here, we show that expression of progerin impairs the ability of stem cells to maintain tissue homeostasis as a result of altered cell division. Quantification of basal skin cells showed an increase in symmetric cell division that correlated with progerin accumulation in HGPS mice. Investigation of the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon revealed a putative role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further analysis suggested an alteration in the nuclear translocation of β-catenin involving the inner and outer nuclear membrane proteins, emerin and nesprin-2. Taken together, our results suggest a direct involvement of progerin in the transmission of Wnt signaling and normal stem cell division. These insights into the molecular mechanisms of progerin may help develop new treatment strategies for HGPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Sola-Carvajal
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Gwladys Revêchon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hafdis T Helgadottir
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Daniel Whisenant
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robin Hagblom
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Julia Döhla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Brodin
- Bioinformatics and Expression Core Facility, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Nikenza Viceconte
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rognoni E, Walko G. The Roles of YAP/TAZ and the Hippo Pathway in Healthy and Diseased Skin. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050411. [PMID: 31058846 PMCID: PMC6562585 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body. Its architecture and physiological functions depend on diverse populations of epidermal cells and dermal fibroblasts. Reciprocal communication between the epidermis and dermis plays a key role in skin development, homeostasis and repair. While several stem cell populations have been identified in the epidermis with distinct locations and functions, there is additional heterogeneity within the mesenchymal cells of the dermis. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of how the Hippo pathway and its downstream effectors Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) contribute to the maintenance, activation and coordination of the epidermal and dermal cell populations during development, homeostasis, wound healing and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Gernot Walko
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry & Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Plau and Tgfbr3 are YAP-regulated genes that promote keratinocyte proliferation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1106. [PMID: 30382077 PMCID: PMC6208416 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a mechanosensor protein and a downstream effector of the Hippo kinase pathway, which controls organ growth, cell proliferation, survival, maintenance and regeneration. Unphosphorylated YAP translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a cofactor of primarily the TEAD transcription factors to activate target gene transcription and cell proliferation. Perturbed YAP activation results in tumorigenesis. The pathways downstream of activated YAP that drive cell proliferation remain relatively unexplored. In this study, we employed YAP2-5SA-∆C transgenic mice, which overexpress a mildly activated YAP mutant protein in basal keratinocytes leading to increased proliferation of the epidermal stem/progenitor cell populations. We performed massively-parallel sequencing of skin biopsy mRNA (RNA-Seq) and found dysregulation of 1491 genes in YAP2-5SA-∆C skin, including many with roles in cell activation and proliferation. Furthermore, we found that 150 of these dysregulated genes harbored YAP/TEAD binding motifs in the 3′ UTR, suggesting that these may be direct YAP/TEAD target genes in the control of epidermal regeneration. Further validation and functional characterization assays identified Plau and Tgfbr3 as prime candidate genes that may be activated by epidermal YAP activity in the mouse skin in vivo to promote keratinocyte proliferation. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms regulated by YAP that control tissue homeostasis, and in particular in conditions where YAP is aberrantly activated such as in neoplastic and regenerative skin disease.
Collapse
|
21
|
Menzel-Severing J, Zenkel M, Polisetti N, Sock E, Wegner M, Kruse FE, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U. Transcription factor profiling identifies Sox9 as regulator of proliferation and differentiation in corneal epithelial stem/progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10268. [PMID: 29980721 PMCID: PMC6035181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28596-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding transcription factor (TF) regulation of limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LEPCs) may aid in using non-ocular cells to regenerate the corneal surface. This study aimed to identify and characterize TF genes expressed specifically in LEPCs isolated from human donor eyes by laser capture microdissection. Using a profiling approach, preferential limbal expression was found for SoxE and SoxF genes, particularly for Sox9, which showed predominantly cytoplasmic localization in basal LEPCs and nuclear localization in suprabasal and corneal epithelial cells, indicating nucleocytoplasmic translocation and activation during LEPC proliferation and differentiation. Increased nuclear localization of Sox9 was also observed in activated LEPCs following clonal expansion and corneal epithelial wound healing. Knockdown of SOX9 expression in cultured LEPCs by RNAi led to reduced expression of progenitor cell markers, e.g. keratin 15, and increased expression of differentiation markers, e.g. keratin 3. Furthermore, SOX9 silencing significantly suppressed the proliferative capacity of LEPCs and reduced levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3ß), a negative regulator of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. Sox9 expression, in turn, was significantly suppressed by treatment of LEPCs with exogenous GSK-3ß inhibitors and enhanced by small molecule inhibitors of Wnt signaling. Our results suggest that Sox9 and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling cooperate in mutually repressive interactions to achieve a balance between quiescence, proliferation and differentiation of LEPCs in the limbal niche. Future molecular dissection of Sox9-Wnt interaction and mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Sox9 may aid in improving the regenerative potential of LEPCs and the reprogramming of non-ocular cells for corneal surface regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Menzel-Severing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Zenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Naresh Polisetti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sock
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Wegner
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Friedrich E Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|