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Kamand M, Hohmann S, Louise Forsberg S, Thomassen M, Ilieva M, Fex Svenningsen Å, Meyer M, Maria Michel T. Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell line (SDUCTi001-A) using fibroblasts derived from male-healthy donor. Stem Cell Res 2022; 65:102961. [PMID: 36402078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell lines have wide valuable applications in experimental research, including developmental, pathological, and drug screening studies. Using integration-free episomal plasmids, we have generated a new iPS cell line from a 26-year-old healthy male donor. Characterization of the established cell line confirmed the expression of pluripotency markers, differentiation into the three germ layers, and absence of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Kamand
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Denmark.
| | - Sonja Hohmann
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Sheena Louise Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Human Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Ilieva M, Aldana BI, Vinten KT, Hohmann S, Woofenden TW, Lukjanska R, Waagepetersen HS, Michel TM. Proteomic phenotype of cerebral organoids derived from autism spectrum disorder patients reveal disrupted energy metabolism, cellular components, and biological processes. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3749-3759. [PMID: 35618886 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The way in which brain morphology and proteome are remodeled during embryonal development, and how they are linked to the cellular metabolism, could be a key for elucidating the pathological mechanisms of certain neurodevelopmental disorders. Cerebral organoids derived from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients were generated to capture critical time-points in the neuronal development, and metabolism and protein expression were investigated. The early stages of development, when neurogenesis commences (day in vitro 39), appeared to be a critical timepoint in pathogenesis. In the first month of development, increased size in ASD-derived organoids were detected in comparison to the controls. The size of the organoids correlates with the number of proliferating cells (Ki-67 positive cells). A significant difference in energy metabolism and proteome phenotype was also observed in ASD organoids at this time point, specifically, prevalence of glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation, decreased ATP production and mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, differently expressed cell adhesion proteins, cell cycle (spindle formation), cytoskeleton, and several transcription factors. Finally, ASD patients and controls derived organoids were clustered based on a differential expression of ten proteins-heat shock protein 27 (hsp27) phospho Ser 15, Pyk (FAK2), Elk-1, Rac1/cdc42, S6 ribosomal protein phospho Ser 240/Ser 244, Ha-ras, mTOR (FRAP) phospho Ser 2448, PKCα, FoxO3a, Src family phospho Tyr 416-at day 39 which could be defined as potential biomarkers and further investigated for potential drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. .,Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. .,Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen SV, Denmark.
| | - Blanca Irene Aldana
- Neurometabolism Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Tore Vinten
- Neurometabolism Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonja Hohmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas William Woofenden
- Neurometabolism Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Renate Lukjanska
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle S Waagepetersen
- Neurometabolism Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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DNA Methylation Profiles of GAD1 in Human Cerebral Organoids of Autism Indicate Disrupted Epigenetic Regulation during Early Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169188. [PMID: 36012452 PMCID: PMC9408997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation profiling has become a promising approach towards identifying biomarkers of neuropsychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Epigenetic markers capture genetic risk factors and diverse exogenous and endogenous factors, including environmental risk factors and complex disease pathologies. We analysed the differential methylation profile of a regulatory region of the GAD1 gene using cerebral organoids generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adults with a diagnosis of ASD and from age- and gender-matched healthy individuals. Both groups showed high levels of methylation across the majority of CpG sites within the profiled GAD1 region of interest. The ASD group exhibited a higher number of unique DNA methylation patterns compared to controls and an increased CpG-wise variance. We detected six differentially methylated CpG sites in ASD, three of which reside within a methylation-dependent transcription factor binding site. In ASD, GAD1 is subject to differential methylation patterns that may not only influence its expression, but may also indicate variable epigenetic regulation among cells.
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Ejlersen M, Ilieva M, Michel TM. Superoxide dismutase isozymes in cerebral organoids from autism spectrum disorder patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:617-626. [PMID: 35266053 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantial contribution to the global disease burden. Despite intensive research efforts, the aetiopathogenesis remains unclear. The Janus-faced antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1-3 have been implicated in initiating oxidative stress and as such may constitute a potential therapeutic target. However, no measurement has been taken in human autistic brain samples. The aim of this study is to measure superoxide dismutase 1-3 in autistic cerebral organoids as an in vitro model of human foetal neurodevelopment. Whole brain organoids were created from induced pluripotent stem cells from healthy individuals (n = 5) and individuals suffering from autism (n = 4). Using Pierce bicinchoninic acid and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the protein and superoxide dismutase 1, 2, and 3 concentrations were quantified in the cerebral organoids at days 22, 32, and 42. Measurements were normalized to the protein concentration. Results represented using medians and interquartile ranges. Using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test, an abrupt rise in the superoxide dismutase concentration was observed at day 32 and onwards. Using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, no differences were observed between healthy (SOD1: 35.56 ng/mL ± 3.46; SOD2: 2435.80 ng/mL ± 1327.00; SOD3: 1854.88 ng/mL ± 867.94) and autistic (SOD1: 32.85 ng/mL ± 5.26; SOD2: 2717.80 ng/mL ± 1889.10; SOD3: 1690.18 ng/mL ± 615.49) organoids. Cerebral organoids recapitulate many aspects of human neurodevelopment, but the diffusion restriction may render efforts in modelling differences in oxidative stress futile due to the intrinsic hypoxia and central necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Ejlersen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19.3, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Research Unit of the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 20, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19.3, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
- Research Unit of the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 20, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
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Miranda CC, Akenhead ML, Silva TP, Derr MA, Vemuri MC, Cabral JMS, Fernandes TG. A Dynamic 3D Aggregate-Based System for the Successful Expansion and Neural Induction of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:838217. [PMID: 35308123 PMCID: PMC8928726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.838217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for large cell numbers for cellular therapies and drug screening applications requires the development of scalable platforms capable of generating high-quality populations of tissue-specific cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we studied the ability of Gibco StemScale PSC Suspension Medium to promote the efficient expansion of hPSC cultures as aggregates grown in suspension. We tested human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) growth in 6-well plates (on orbital shaker platforms) and single-use vertical-wheel bioreactors for a total of three consecutive passages. Up to a 9-fold increase in cell number was observed over 5 days per passage, with a cumulative fold change up to 600 in 15 days. Additionally, we compared neural induction of hiPSCs by using a dual SMAD inhibition protocol with a commercially available neural induction medium, which can potentially yield more than a 30-fold change, including neural progenitor induction and expansion. This system can also be adapted toward the generation of floor plate progenitors, which yields up to an 80-fold change in cell number and generates FOXA2-positive populations. In summary, we developed platforms for hiPSC expansion and neural induction into different brain regions that provide scalability toward producing clinically relevant cell numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia C. Miranda
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael L. Akenhead
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Teresa P. Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael A. Derr
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Mohan C. Vemuri
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago G. Fernandes
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Tiago G. Fernandes,
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Kamand M, Forsberg SL, Thomassen M, Ilieva M, Meyer M, Svenningsen ÅF, Michel TM. Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell line (SDUKIi006-A) from a 21-year old male patient diagnosed with atypical autism disorder. Stem Cell Res 2021; 51:102185. [PMID: 33524673 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder defined by significant challenges in communication skills and social behavior as well as repetitive conduct and interests. Recent advances in stem cell technologies allow in vitro modeling of the underlying molecular disease mechanisms. Using integration-free episomal plasmids, we have generated a novel iPS cell line (SDUKIi006-A) from a patient diagnosed with atypical autism ("FYNEN cohort" of Southern Denmark). Characterization of the established cell line validated its expression of pluripotency markers, differentiation into the three germ layers, and the absence of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Kamand
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Sheena Louise Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Human Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Kamand M, Ilieva M, Forsberg SL, Thomassen M, Svenningsen ÅF, Meyer M, Michel TM. Generation of autism spectrum disorder patient-derived iPSC line SDUKIi004-A. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102038. [PMID: 33068890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder defined by deficits in socialization, communication, and patterns of behavior. Using stem cells to model brain disordersmay yield new understanding about the underlying neuropathological processes and could prove essential for drug development. We present here a newhuman inducedpluripotentstem cell (iPSC) line (SDUKIi004-A) generated from skin fibroblasts derived from a 21-year old male patient diagnosed with Pervasive DevelopmentalDisorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)("FYNEN-cohort"). Reprogramming of the fibroblasts was accomplished using integration-free episomal plasmids. Characterization validated the expression of pluripotency markers, differentiation into the three germ layers, and absence of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Kamand
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Sheena Louise Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Human Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
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Kamand M, Ilieva M, Louise Forsberg S, Thomassen M, Meyer M, Fex Svenningsen Å, Maria Michel T. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (SDUKIi003-A) from a 20-year-old male patient diagnosed with Asperger syndrome. Stem Cell Res 2020; 48:101974. [PMID: 32916638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogenous neurodevelopmental disorder. The patients experience challenges in social interaction and communication skills as well as restricted and/or repetitive behaviors. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental brain disorders, patient-derived cellular models represent a useful tool. We have generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (SDUKIi003-A) from skin fibroblasts derived from a 20-year old male patient diagnosed with Asperger syndrome ("FYNEN-cohort" of Southern Denmark). The reprogramming of the fibroblasts was accomplished using integration-free episomal plasmids. Characterization validated the expression of pluripotency markers, differentiation into the three germ layers, and absence of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Kamand
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Mirolyuba Ilieva
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Sheena Louise Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Human Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Department of Clinical Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Odense, Denmark; Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
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