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Mollo N, Aurilia M, Scognamiglio R, Zerillo L, Cicatiello R, Bonfiglio F, Pagano P, Paladino S, Conti A, Nitsch L, Izzo A. Overexpression of the Hsa21 Transcription Factor RUNX1 Modulates the Extracellular Matrix in Trisomy 21 Cells. Front Genet 2022; 13:824922. [PMID: 35356434 PMCID: PMC8960062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.824922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder frequently characterized by other developmental defects, such as congenital heart disease. Analysis of gene expression profiles of hearts from trisomic fetuses have shown upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes. The aim of this work was to identify genes on chromosome 21 potentially responsible for the upregulation of ECM genes and to pinpoint any functional consequences of this upregulation. By gene set enrichment analysis of public data sets, we identified the transcription factor RUNX1, which maps to chromosome 21, as a possible candidate for regulation of ECM genes. We assessed that approximately 80% of ECM genes overexpressed in trisomic hearts have consensus sequences for RUNX1 in their promoters. We found that in human fetal fibroblasts with chromosome 21 trisomy there is increased expression of both RUNX1 and several ECM genes, whether located on chromosome 21 or not. SiRNA silencing of RUNX1 reduced the expression of 11 of the 14 ECM genes analyzed. In addition, collagen IV, an ECM protein secreted in high concentrations in the culture media of trisomic fibroblasts, was modulated by RUNX1 silencing. Attenuated expression of RUNX1 increased the migratory capacity of trisomic fibroblasts, which are characterized by a reduced migratory capacity compared to euploid controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Mollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Aurilia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Scognamiglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Zerillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Cicatiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Bonfiglio
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Nitsch
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonella Izzo,
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Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Piscopo A, Curto S, Troncone A, Chianese A, Rollato AS, Testa V, Iafusco F, Maione G, Pennarella A, Boccabella L, Ozen G, Palma PL, Mazzaccara C, Tinto N, Miraglia del Giudice E. Metabolic Treatment of Wolfram Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2755. [PMID: 35270448 PMCID: PMC8910219 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Wolfram Syndrome (WS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by several symptoms that occur from childhood to adulthood. Usually, the first clinical sign is non-autoimmune diabetes even if other clinical features (optic subatrophy, neurosensorial deafness, diabetes insipidus) may be present in an early state and may be diagnosed after diabetes' onset. Prognosis is poor, and the death occurs at the median age of 39 years as a consequence of progressive respiratory impairment, secondary to brain atrophy and neurological failure. The aim of this paper is the description of the metabolic treatment of the WS. We reported the experience of long treatment in patients with this syndrome diagnosed in pediatric age and followed also in adult age. It is known that there is a correlation between metabolic control of diabetes, the onset of other associated symptoms, and the progression of the neurodegenerative alterations. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary in order to prevent, treat and carefully monitor all the comorbidities that may occur. An extensive understanding of WS from pathophysiology to novel possible therapy is fundamental and further studies are needed to better manage this devastating disease and to guarantee to patients a better quality of life and a longer life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Iafusco
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Alessia Piscopo
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Stefano Curto
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Alda Troncone
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Antonietta Chianese
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Assunta Serena Rollato
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Veronica Testa
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Fernanda Iafusco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (N.T.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (N.T.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pennarella
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Lucia Boccabella
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Gulsum Ozen
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Pier Luigi Palma
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (N.T.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (N.T.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology “G.Stoppoloni”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.P.); (S.C.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.R.); (V.T.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (G.O.); (P.L.P.); (E.M.d.G.)
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3
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Mollo N, Esposito M, Aurilia M, Scognamiglio R, Accarino R, Bonfiglio F, Cicatiello R, Charalambous M, Procaccini C, Micillo T, Genesio R, Calì G, Secondo A, Paladino S, Matarese G, Vita GD, Conti A, Nitsch L, Izzo A. Human Trisomic iPSCs from Down Syndrome Fibroblasts Manifest Mitochondrial Alterations Early during Neuronal Differentiation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070609. [PMID: 34209429 PMCID: PMC8301075 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of mitochondrial alterations in Down syndrome suggests that it might affect neuronal differentiation. We established a model of trisomic iPSCs, differentiating into neural precursor cells (NPCs) to monitor the occurrence of differentiation defects and mitochondrial dysfunction. METHODS Isogenic trisomic and euploid iPSCs were differentiated into NPCs in monolayer cultures using the dual-SMAD inhibition protocol. Expression of pluripotency and neural differentiation genes was assessed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Meta-analysis of expression data was performed on iPSCs. Mitochondrial Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP production were investigated using fluorescent probes. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was determined by Seahorse Analyzer. RESULTS NPCs at day 7 of induction uniformly expressed the differentiation markers PAX6, SOX2 and NESTIN but not the stemness marker OCT4. At day 21, trisomic NPCs expressed higher levels of typical glial differentiation genes. Expression profiles indicated that mitochondrial genes were dysregulated in trisomic iPSCs. Trisomic NPCs showed altered mitochondrial Ca2+, reduced OCR and ATP synthesis, and elevated ROS production. CONCLUSIONS Human trisomic iPSCs can be rapidly and efficiently differentiated into NPC monolayers. The trisomic NPCs obtained exhibit greater glial-like differentiation potential than their euploid counterparts and manifest mitochondrial dysfunction as early as day 7 of neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Mollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Matteo Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Miriam Aurilia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Roberta Scognamiglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Rossella Accarino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Ferdinando Bonfiglio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Cicatiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Maria Charalambous
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (C.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Procaccini
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (C.P.); (G.C.)
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Teresa Micillo
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rita Genesio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (C.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (C.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Gabriella De Vita
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Anna Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Lucio Nitsch
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (C.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Antonella Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.M.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (R.S.); (R.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.); (S.P.); (G.M.); (G.D.V.); (A.C.); (L.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-3237
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