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Aldegheishem A, Alfayadh HM, AlDossary M, Asaad S, Eldwakhly E, AL Refaei NALH, Alsenan D, Soliman M. Perception of dental appearance and aesthetic analysis among patients, laypersons and dentists. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5354-5365. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i23.5354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current concepts of beauty are increasingly subjective, influenced by the viewpoints of others. The aim of the study was to evaluate divergences in the perception of dental appearance and smile esthetics among patients, laypersons and dental practitioners. The study goals were to evaluate the influence of age, sex, education and dental specialty on the participants’ judgment and to identify the values of different esthetic criteria. Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to a dental appearance questionnaire (DAQ). Two frontal photographs were taken, one during a smile and one with retracted lips. Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from (0-10), where 0 represent (absolutely unaesthetic) and 10 represent (absolutely aesthetic). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test analysis were measured for each group. Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance. Among laypersons (including 488 participants), 47 pictures “with lips” out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures “without lips”. Among the dentist sample, 90 dentists’ perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos “with lips” and “without lips” were the same for 23 out of 50 patients. Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients, laypersons and dentists. Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.
AIM To compare the perception of dental aesthetic among patients, laypersons, and professional dentists, to evaluate the impact of age, sex, educational background, and income on the judgments made by laypersons, to assess the variations in experience, specialty, age, and sex on professional dentists’ judgment, and to evaluate the role of lips, skin shade and tooth shade in different participants’ judgments.
METHODS Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to DAQ. Two frontal photographs were taken: one during a smile and one with retracted lips. Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from (0-10), where 0 represent (absolutely unaesthetic) and 10 represent (absolutely aesthetic). One-way ANOVA and t-test analysis were measured for each group.
RESULTS Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance. Among laypersons (including 488 participants), 47 pictures “with lips” out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures “without lips”. Whereas among the dentist sample, 90 dentists’ perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos “with lips” and “without lips” were the same for 23 out of 50 patients. Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients, laypersons and dentists.
CONCLUSION Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhanoof Aldegheishem
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Munirah AlDossary
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Asaad
- Department of Pediatric, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elzahraa Eldwakhly
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour AL Huda AL Refaei
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dana Alsenan
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Soliman
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Ruan C, Xiong J, Zhu Y, Wu Z, Lin G, Wang L. Study on the Association between anterior tooth Colour Preference based on the FAHP and individual factors. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:352. [PMID: 38822874 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between tooth colour and individual satisfaction in oral aesthetics has long been a topic of interest. In this study, we utilized the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) to investigate the impacts of sex and age on tooth colour preference. The findings of this study should provide a scientific basis for oral aesthetic practice. METHODS In the current study, a random selection method was employed, and a survey was completed by 120 patients. To obtain tooth colour data, standard tooth colour charts were used. Smile photos were taken as template images using a single-lens reflex camera. The FAHP was utilized to conduct a weight analysis of tooth colour preferences among patients of different sexes and age groups. RESULTS There were significant differences in tooth colour preference based on sex and age. Men tend to prefer the B1 colour, while women may prioritize the aesthetic effects of other colours. Additionally, as patients age, their preferences for tooth colour become more diverse. These findings offer valuable insights for oral aesthetics practitioners, enabling them to better address the aesthetic needs of patients across different sexes and ages. This knowledge can aid in the development of more personalized treatment plans that align with patients' expectations. CONCLUSION In this study, we utilized scientific analysis methods to quantify the popularity of different tooth colours among various groups of people. By doing so, we established a scientific foundation for clinical practice. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for oral aesthetic research, enhancing our understanding of tooth colour. Additionally, these findings have practical applications in the field of oral medicine, potentially improving patients' quality of life and overall oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglu Ruan
- Department of Stomatology, Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Jianying Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Yirong Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Zhouhui Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Guanghua Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Faculty of Arts, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Product Design, Sanming University, Sanming, Fujian, China.
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Jouhar R, Ahmed MA, Heboyan A, Faheemuddin M, Mosaddad SA, Ahmed N. Analysis of shade-matching ability in dental students: a comparative study under clinical and correcting light conditions. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:169. [PMID: 38389076 PMCID: PMC10882879 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selecting the ideal tooth shade is essential to the success of aesthetic dental restorations. Students' cognitive abilities are involved in the multifaceted and intricate process of shade matching. Hence, the present study aimed to assess and compare the shade-matching ability of undergraduate dental students in various years of dental education under clinical and correcting light. METHODS This comparative cross-sectional study was instigated amongst male 4th, 5th, and 6th-year students of the dental complex of King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 72 male dental students assessed the shade under clinical (fluorescent light) and correcting light (handheld Dental Base Light) by using VITA Classical shade guides. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23 (Armonk, NY, USA). The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between correct and incorrect shade matching under correcting and clinical light. RESULTS Out of 72 male students, 22(30.6%) were from the 4th year, 26(36.1%) were from the 5th year, and 24(33.3%) were from the 6th year, with a mean age of 22.92 ± 1.01 years. The majority of the 6th-year students selected shade of anterior tooth # 11 correctly under clinical and correcting light, and 3(12.5%) students selected incorrectly under clinical and correcting light, with a statistically significant association among them (p = 0.004). As far as the shade selection of the posterior tooth is concerned, a statistically significant difference was observed under clinical light among all clinical students (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION The clinical performance of dental students in shade matching improved with advancing years of dental education. Additionally, the shade matching ability of all groups of dental students was superior under correcting light compared to conditions under clinical light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Jouhar
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Adeel Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Karegar St, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
| | - Muhammad Faheemuddin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, 75500, Pakistan
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Rashid F, Farook TH, Dudley J. Digital Shade Matching in Dentistry: A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:250. [PMID: 37999014 PMCID: PMC10670912 DOI: 10.3390/dj11110250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of aesthetic excellence in dentistry, shaped by societal trends and digital advancements, highlights the critical role of precise shade matching in restorative procedures. Although conventional methods are prevalent, challenges such as shade guide variability and subjective interpretation necessitate a re-evaluation in the face of emerging non-proximity digital instruments. This systematic review employs PRISMA protocols and keyword-based search strategies spanning the Scopus®, PubMed.gov, and Web of ScienceTM databases, with the last updated search carried out in October 2023. The study aimed to synthesise literature that identified digital non-proximity recording instruments and associated colour spaces in dentistry and compare the clinical outcomes of digital systems with spectrophotometers and conventional visual methods. Utilising predefined criteria and resolving disagreements between two reviewers through Cohen's kappa calculator, the review assessed 85 articles, with 33 included in a PICO model for clinical comparisons. The results reveal that 42% of studies employed the CIELAB colour space. Despite the challenges in study quality, non-proximity digital instruments demonstrated more consistent clinical outcomes than visual methods, akin to spectrophotometers, emphasising their efficacy in controlled conditions. The review underscores the evolving landscape of dental shade matching, recognising technological advancements and advocating for methodological rigor in dental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Rashid
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (T.H.F.); (J.D.)
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de Lima LC, Carvalho AO, Bezerra SJC, Garcia RM, Caneppele TMF, Borges AB, Scaramucci T. Tooth color change promoted by different whitening toothpastes under alternate cycles of staining and brushing. J Dent 2023; 132:104498. [PMID: 36963626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effect of whitening toothpastes with different mechanisms of action on discolored teeth subjected to additional staining/or not. METHODS One hundred twenty tooth specimens were stained for 14 days (staining broth under constant agitation and pH=7) and then allocated into the groups of toothpastes with different whitening ingredients (n=10): 1. Regular - Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint; 2. CLWI - Colgate Luminous White Instant (blue pigment); 3. CLWA - Colgate Luminous White Advanced Expert (hydrogen peroxide); 4. CLWAC - Colgate Luminous White Activated Charcoal (activated charcoal); 5. OB3D - Oral-B 3D WHITE Brilliant Fresh (abrasive); 6. TW - Teeth Whitening (charcoal powder). Specimens were submitted to two experimental models: A. Daily staining-toothbrush cycling: staining solution (5min), toothbrushing (45 strokes) and artificial saliva (3h), 2x/day, for 5days; B. Only toothbrushing (30.000 brushing strokes). Color change was determined with a spectrophotometer (CIEDE2000 and Whitening Index for Dentistry - WID) and statistically analyzed (α=0.05). RESULTS For both models, ΔE00 and Δa did not differ significantly between the whitening toothpastes and the regular. All groups showed a decrease in tooth yellowness (-Δb) and an increase in WID. Group Teeth Whitening exhibited a decrease in luminosity (-ΔL). In model A, Groups did not differ significantly from the Regular in terms of ΔL (p=0.35) and Δb (p=0.74). Groups CLWI and OB3D exhibited a decrease in luminosity. Reduced redness (-Δa) occurred only in Group CLWI. In Model B, Groups OB3D (p=0.021) and CLWA (p=0.001) exhibited higher change in luminosity than in Group Teeth Whitening. All exhibited increased redness (+Δa) and lightness (+ΔL), except the Regular, CLWAC and Teeth Whitening. Group OB3D had a significantly higher change in Δb than the Regular (p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of the mechanism of action, all toothpastes reduced tooth yellowness and promoted similar overall color change. Exposure of the teeth to additional staining during the toothbrushing cycles did not influence the effect of the whitening toothpastes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Whitening toothpastes should be tested in conditions that more closely simulate their use in a clinical scenario, in which alternate cycles of staining and brushing occur on a daily basis. However, even in such conditions, they were unable to promote a color change that differed from that of a regular toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Custódio de Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Oliveira Carvalho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sávio José Cardoso Bezerra
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Manoel Garcia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Buhler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry at Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, UNESP, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Vach K, Schlueter N, Ganss C, Vach W. Understanding the Influence of Patient Factors on Accuracy and Decision-Making in a Diagnostic Accuracy Study with Multiple Raters-A Case Study from Dentistry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1781. [PMID: 36767148 PMCID: PMC9914814 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In diagnostic accuracy studies, the test of interest is typically applied only once in each patient. This paper illustrates some possibilities that arise when diagnoses are carried out by a sufficiently large number of multiple raters. In a dental study, sixty-one examiners were asked to diagnose 49 tooth areas with different grades of tissue loss (minor, moderate, and advanced) to decide whether dentine was exposed (positive status) or not (negative status). The true status was determined by histology (reference). For each tooth, the rate of correct decisions reflecting the difficulty to diagnose this tooth and the positive rate reflecting the perception of the tooth by the raters was computed. Meta-analytical techniques were used to assess the inter-tooth variation and the influence of tooth-specific factors on difficulty or perception, respectively. A huge variation in diagnostic difficulty and perception could be observed. Advanced tissue loss made diagnoses more difficult. The background colour and tissue loss were associated with perception and may hint to cues used by the raters. The use of multiple raters in a diagnostic accuracy study allows detailed investigations which make it possible to obtain further insights into the decision-making process of the raters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 26, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carolina Ganss
- Department for Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Section Cariology of Ageing, Philipps-University Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Werner Vach
- Basel Academy for Quality and Research in Medicine, Steinenring 6, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
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Tooth Shade Relationship with Age, Gender, and Skin Color in a Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between tooth shade among different groups of patients according to their age, gender, and skin color in a Saudi population. Materials and methods: Participants were divided based on age into Group 1 (10–20 years), Group 2 (21–30 years), Group 3 (31–40 years), and Group 4 (41+ years), and according to gender. Tooth shade was measured by Vita easyshade, Shade scanner, 3D Master shade system. The skin color was determined according to the Firzpatrick Scale. It consists of six shades, namely: I, II, III, IV, V, and VI. The skin complexion of the participants was divided into six categories: white/very fair, fair, light brown, moderate brown, dark brown, and black. Results: One hundred and ninety-eight individuals were recruited. Around 70% were males. Females had 25.4% A2 followed by 22% A1, and 22% A3 shade types, while males had B3 shade (18%) followed by A2 and A3 (15.8%). A statistically significant difference was observed between shade and gender (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between shade and age group (p < 0.05), where increased age was correlated with darker teeth shades. Shade A1 was correlated with type I skin color in 57.1% of individuals. Skin color type II had A2 as a dominant shade by 34.1%. A2 and A3 shades were equally observed in skin color III by 20.3%. Overall, statistically significant differences were observed between shade and skin color groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the most frequent classical shade noted among male and female participants was shade type A, which represents reddish brownish. Group 2 (21–30 years) had the B3 shade as the most prominent shade type among age groups. Gender, age, and skin types all showed a significant relation with the tooth shade.
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Agou SH. Comparison of Digital and Paper Assessment of Smile Aesthetics Perception. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:659-665. [PMID: 33282777 PMCID: PMC7685279 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_323_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Despite the widespread of assessment of smile aesthetic perception in many areas, there has yet to be a direct comparison of digital and paper-based photographs for the assessment of smile aesthetics. Here we compared digital and paper-based photographs representing different smile aesthetic features using visual analog scale (VAS) scoring. Materials and Methods: One hundred students were randomly recruited from a university campus. Participants were asked to record their perception of smile aesthetics via paper and digital-based platforms. The minimum clinically important difference between platforms was set at 15 mm. The percentage of participants who rated smile attractiveness worse on digital images was recorded. The paired one-tailed Student’s t test was used to determine differences between digital and paper platforms, and Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlations (ICCs) were used to test for agreement between paper and digital photographs. Results: Ninety-nine subjects participated, 55 men (mean age = 22.05, standard deviation [SD] = 1.91) and 44 women (mean age 22.05, SD = 1.84). There were statistically significant differences between paper-based and digital photographs for all images except one (paired t test; P < 0.05). Digital ratings were lower than paper-based ratings for all images, and differences were clinically significant in four out of eight images. A high percentage of participants (50.5%–85.9%) rated smile attractiveness worse on digital images than on paper for all images. There was poor agreement between the two methods as assessed by ICCs and Bland–Altman analysis. Conclusion: Equivalence between paper and digital images for smile aesthetics cannot be assumed, and paper-based photographs may lead to clinically relevant overestimations of perceived attractiveness. As academic dentistry increasingly relies on digital imaging and sharing in the post-COVID-19 world, further validation of digital platforms for smile aesthetics assessment is warranted, and care should be taken when interpreting the results of studies assessing smile perception based on different platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoroog Hassan Agou
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Ntovas P, Diamantopoulou S, Gogolas N, Sarri V, Papandreou A, Sakellaridi E, Petrakos G, Papazoglou E. Influence of lightness difference of single anterior tooth to smile attractiveness. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:856-864. [PMID: 33264491 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of lightness difference of a single anterior maxillary tooth on difference smile attractiveness. METHODS A frontal view full-portrait image of a smiling male Caucasian, was digitally modified altering a single tooth, creating a series of images with varying lightness (ΔL) for the maxillary central, lateral and canine. A total of 160 participants (80 dentists, 80 laypersons) were asked to fill out a Visual Analog Scale questionnaire for every image recording smile attractiveness. RESULTS For central incisors ΔL≥1 negatively affected attractiveness. There was a higher tolerance for lightness mismatch when one lateral incisor is lighter and the same applies when the canine was darker. Difference in lightness affected smile attractiveness both for dentists and laypersons. No difference between males and females was observed for the dentists. For laypersons, females perceived smiles with lightness difference as significantly less attractive compared to males. Dentist's age did not affect smile attractiveness perception. Younger laypersons perceived darker color, as less attractive. CONCLUSIONS Changes in lightness of a single anterior tooth significantly affected smile attractiveness in a different way for the central vs lateral vs canine. For the dentists, age and gender did not significantly affect smile perception, in contrast to laypeople. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Lightness differences of a single anterior tooth affects smile attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Ntovas
- Operative Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Diamantopoulou
- Operative Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gogolas
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileia Sarri
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papandreou
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Sakellaridi
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Petrakos
- Panteion University, Director General, Research Institute for Tourism, Athens, Greece
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Almufleh B, Emami E, Al-Khateeb A, Del Monte S, Tamimi F. Tooth Shade Preferences among the General Public. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:564-572. [PMID: 32548899 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify laypersons' most preferred tooth shade as a function of observer and patient factors, namely patients' skin shade and observers' socio-demographics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two online surveys using computer-designed perioral images with different shades of the skin and teeth were distributed to participants in Montreal (Canada) and San Francisco (USA). The first survey (n = 120) was designed to assess public preferences of tooth shade value, hue and chroma as a function of the skin color of the perioral image (model), and the demographic characteristics of the observer. The first survey included 6 sets of 9 identical perioral images. A different skin shade (from very dark to very light) was used for each set of images, and each set of images presented teeth with different tooth shades which included three different levels of value (2M1, 3M1, 4M1), hue (3L1.5, 3M1, 3R1.5), and chroma (3M1, 3M2, 3M3) of the Vita 3D Master shade guide. Participants were asked to choose their preferred image for each category (value, hue, chroma) within each set of skin shades. A second survey was performed to pinpoint the tooth shade that is preferred the most by the general public. In this survey, images with four tooth shades (1M1, 2M1, 3M1, 4M1) and 6 skin shades were distributed (n = 70). Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of preferred tooth shades. RESULTS Most of the participants preferred teeth with the highest value (54%), a neutral hue (59%) and the lowest chroma (89%). About 75% of the participants preferred 1M1 the lightest tooth shade over other shades regardless of their demographics or skin color of the model. Among the observer-related variable, age was the most significant predictor of people preferred tooth shade (p = 0.019). CONCLUSION This study showed that there are common preferences in terms of tooth shade value, hue and chroma among participants regardless of demographic variables and facial skin shades. This data could guide dentists for tooth shade selection in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balqees Almufleh
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham Emami
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Di Murro B, Gallusi G, Nardi R, Libonati A, Angotti V, Campanella V. The relationship of tooth shade and skin tone and its influence on the smile attractiveness. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:57-63. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Di Murro
- Department of Clinical and Translational MedicineTor Vergata University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Gianni Gallusi
- Department of Clinical and Translational MedicineTor Vergata University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Nardi
- Department of Clinical and Translational MedicineTor Vergata University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Antonio Libonati
- Department of Surgical SciencesCatholic University of Our Lady of Good Counsel of Tirane Tirana Albania
| | - Vincenzo Angotti
- Department of Clinical and Translational MedicineTor Vergata University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical and Translational MedicineTor Vergata University of Rome Rome Italy
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