Histomorphometric assessment of implant coated with mixture of nano-alumina and fluorapatite in rabbits

CBCT Analysis of Edentulous Mandibular Symphysis in Iraqi Patients for Treatment with Implant-Supported Overdentures. Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study

Background

Overdentures supported by dental implants are a useful treatment strategy for patients with edentulous mandibles. The aim of this study was to evaluate certain characteristics of the mandibular symphyseal edentulous cases for dental implant treatment using CBCT; and if it is associated with gender differences.

Methods

Ninety patients (45 females and 45 males) were included in this investigation. A section along the midline of each CBCT image was chosen for the edentulous symphyseal area. Symphysis height, width, and cortical thickness was measured for each patient. Bone density were calculated at four points A two-sample Student's t-test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Males had a considerably greater symphysis height (26.66±6.21 mm) than females (24.07±5.00 mm) (p = 0.02). Similar results were found for bone width; males had greater means than females. In case of cortical bone thickness; males had thicker bone cortex in the buccal region than females (p = 0.01). While the difference in bone density between genders was small. However, a positive relationship was recorded between symphysis height and width.

Conclusion

Height and width of the mandibular symphysis were influenced by gender in edentulous patients, with men showing higher measurements. The reduction of symphyseal height decreased concurrently with the width after teeth were lost, while bone density was maintained in both genders with no difference between them. The lingual cortical bone is significantly thicker than the buccal cortex at the lower part of the symphysis.

Use of Eggshells as Bone Grafts around Commercially Pure Titanium Implant Screws Coated with Nano Calcium Sulfate

Background. Implant insertion in regions with poor bone quantity, such as the posterior maxilla, is potentially associated with an increased rate of implant failure. Calcium sulfate can be used as the coating material for commercially pure titanium (CpTi) and as the bone graft material around implants when bound to eggshell powder to enhance the bone quality and quantity of bone defect regions. This study performed a torque removal test to evaluate the effectiveness of eggshell powder as a bone substitute for filling bone defects around CpTi-coated implants coated with nanocrystalline calcium sulfate. Materials and Methods. Eighty screw implant designs were used in the tibiae of 20 white New Zealand rabbits. A total of uncoated 20 screws constituted the control group, and the remaining 60 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate nanoparticles were used as the experimental groups as follows: 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used alone in the tibiae without gaps around them, 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used with the gaps made around them and filled with eggshell powder as the bone graft material, and 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used with the gaps made around them left unfilled. Results. After 2 to 6 weeks of healing, a significant improvement in bone regeneration and an increase in torque removal values were observed when the bone defect around the CpTi implant coated with nano calcium sulfate was filled with eggshell powder as the bone substitute. Conclusions. Nano calcium sulfate particles applied through the dip-coating method can successfully work as the coating material of CpTi implants. These particles work in synergy with eggshell powder to act as the bone graft around the implants.