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Bungau SG, Tit DM, Vesa CM, Abid A, Szilagyi DV, Radu AF, Bungau AF, Tarce AG, Behl T, Stoicescu M, Brisc CM, Gitea D, Nechifor AC, Endres L. Non-conventional therapeutical approaches to acne vulgaris related to its association with metabolic disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 923:174936. [PMID: 35378101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ever-increasing frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is still a major challenge of the public health care system, worldwide. In recent years, researchers have been drawn to the uncommon (at first look) link between skin illnesses and MetS. Because of the pro-inflammatory mechanisms and insulin resistance (IR) that are upregulated in metabolic syndrome, many skin disorders are correlated to metabolic dysfunctions, including acne vulgaris. A comprehensive understanding of the link between MetS and acne vulgaris may contribute to the development of new treatment strategies. The current review focuses on dietary and therapeutic interventions and assesses the effect of various approaches such as improving diet by avoiding certain food products (i.e., milk and chocolate) or increasing the intake of others (i.e., food products rich in omega-3 fatty acids), metformin administration, therapy with plant extracts, plant essential oils, and probiotic supplementation on the improvement of certain acne vulgaris severity parameters. These therapeutic approaches, when combined with allopathic treatment, can improve the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028, Oradea, Romania; Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028, Oradea, Romania; Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Areha Abid
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Denisa-Viola Szilagyi
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Alexa Florina Bungau
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
| | | | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India.
| | - Manuela Stoicescu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cristina Mihaela Brisc
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Daniela Gitea
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Aurelia Cristina Nechifor
- Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Laura Endres
- Department of Psycho-neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
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Qadir A, Ullah SNMN, Gupta DK, Khan N. Phytoconstituents loaded nanomedicines for the management of Acne. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3240-3255. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadir
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of pharmaceutical education and research Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062
- Department of Research and Developments Herbalfarm Health care Private Limited New Delhi 110020
| | | | - Dipak Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of pharmaceutical education and research Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062
| | - Nausheen Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry school of pharmaceutical education and research Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062
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Chen L, Lu L, Tu S, Zhang T, Du X, Chen L, Zhang M, Li L, Lin H. Efficacy and Safety of 5% Glycolic Acid-based Gel Essence in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4482-4489. [PMID: 35182003 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of commercial low-concentration glycolic acid products on acne were evaluated by recruiting volunteers accompanying mild to moderate acne of different ages and genders, which is a clinical practice for acne. We recruited a total of 30 volunteers according to the inclusion criteria, conducting clinical evaluation and skin physiological index testing, VISIA skin analysis, distributing products, and informing the trial method. Clinical testing and assessment will be carried out in weeks 0, 1, 2, and 4. 27 acne volunteers finished the entire trial. After 4 weeks of using low-concentration glycolic acid products, most subjects experienced significant improvement in their skin lesions and the GAGS score. At the same time, the VISIA test showed that the subjects had an obvious amelioration in facial porphyrins, which was statistically significant, and there was a slight improvement in residual spots and erythema. The skin physiological indexes showed that the skin hydration value increased from 236.2 ± 98.05 to 278.2 ± 90.26 after 14 days. At the end of the test, the skin hydration value dropped to 234.6 ± 81.88. Regarding the melanin and erythema, the value decreased in the 4th week significantly. Repeated use of 5% low-concentration glycolic acid improves the appearance and chromaticity of the treatment site. It increases the brightness L* and reduces the redness a*. This study shows that low concentrations of glycolic acids have a good effect on the treatment of mild to moderate acne. It may pay the way to carry out further large-scale clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjiao Chen
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Lingling Lu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, P.R.China
| | - Shaozhong Tu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Xianni Du
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Lifen Chen
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Milin Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Lihao Li
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
| | - Huaner Lin
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, 518100, P.R.China
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AlRadini F, El-Sheikh A, Bin Jamaan N, Hushan H, Binhuwaimel W, Alhedaithy F, Alanzi S. Prevalence of Over-the-Counter Cosmeceutical Usage and the Impact of a Health Education Intervention in Female Saudi University Students. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 14:1867-1877. [PMID: 34992401 PMCID: PMC8711841 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s349440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The reckless use of over-the-counter (OTC) cosmeceuticals among females is alarming due to possible health hazards, ranging from allergy to fatal anaphylaxis and toxicity. Methods In the current study, we investigated the prevalence of cosmeceutical use among female students at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) and tested the effect of a pilot health education program in improving their knowledge. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was performed with 515 participants. Results A significantly higher percent (81%) of participants used OTC cosmeceuticals than did not use them. The selection of OTC cosmeceuticals was not affected by socioeconomic status, chronic illness, cosmeceutical cost, or possible cosmeceutical side effects. Students from non-health colleges demonstrated poorer knowledge scores for the hazards of cosmeceuticals, which directed our attention to the importance of health education in this field. Therefore, a pilot interventional health education program was conducted with 54 participants to compare their knowledge before and after the intervention. At the end of the program, a higher percentage of participants had improved their knowledge and realized the need to consult a physician before using OTC cosmeceuticals. Conclusion The health education program had a significant impact on knowledge concerning the use of cosmeceuticals, and it is recommended that such programs be included in undergraduate extracurricular activity, especially for female students..
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten AlRadini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza El-Sheikh
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Bin Jamaan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessah Hushan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajd Binhuwaimel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Alhedaithy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Alanzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Pasalar M, Tabatabaei F, Bradley R, Tajadini H, Kamali M, Hasheminasab FS, Parvizi MM. Mechanistic support of traditional Persian medicine for the treatment of acne vulgaris: A scoping review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:2338-2348. [PMID: 34564932 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin diseases, which also contributes to many psychological problems. Despite the recent progress in the treatment of acne vulgaris, the necessity for discovering more effective solutions has motivated many lines of research on natural and medicinal plants. The Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) introduced some plants and remedies for acne treatment. Given the universal welcome for herbal medicine, this review was performed to formally assess the evidence for herbal medicines for acne vulgaris in TPM. METHODS The medicinal plants used in this study for treating acne vulgaris were selected based on common references to the plants in five famous textbooks of TPM from different time periods. Then, the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of these medicinal plants were investigated according to the recent literature available in five electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. RESULTS Twenty-one herbs were commonly references in traditional TPM texts as helpful for topical treatment of acne vulgaris. The data collected from the electronic databases demonstrated most of these plants (eg, Astragalus sarcocolla, Ficus carica, and Hordeum vulgare) have both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial mechanisms, which may assist to treat acne vulgaris. CONCLUSION This scoping review demonstrated many medicinal plants recommended by TPM books have therapeutic potential for acne vulgaris via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Haleh Tajadini
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohadese Kamali
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Hasheminasab
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Lin YH, Nien CJ, Chen LG, Lee SY, Chang WJ, Pan YH, Hsieh SC, Huang HM. Sapindus mukorossiSeed Oil Changes Tyrosinase Activity of α-MSH-Induced B16F10 Cells Via the Antimelanogenesic Effect of Eicosenoic Acid. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20972295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a complex process that can lead to pigmentation defects. Various chemical skin-lightening products have been developed to treat pigmentation disorders. However, these chemical products can cause harmful adverse effects. Therefore, the development of safer, natural bleaching ingredients is a trend for sustainability. It has been reported that unsaturated fatty acids exhibit significant antimelanogenic effects. Sapindus mukorossi seed oils contain abundant unsaturated fatty acids; however, these have not yet been investigated for beneficial effects on skin tone evenness. In this study, we tested the possibility of using S. mukorossi oil for the treatment of hyperpigmentation in an in vitro model. Free fatty acid compositions and β-sitosterol were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography, respectively. The effect of S. mukorossi oil on melanoma B16F10 cell viability was detected using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The inhibitive effects of fatty acids and β-sitosterol in S. mukorossi oil on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanogenesis was evaluated by detecting melanin formation and tyrosinase activity. Our results showed that S. mukorossi oil produced no significant cytotoxicity in B16F10 cells at various concentrations compared with the control group. The enhancement of melanin formation induced by α-MSH was reduced by S. mukorossi oil. We also found that the primary fatty acid contributing to the antimelanogenesis effect was eicosenoic acid. These results suggest that S. mukorossi seed oil can effectively inhibit melanogenesis and has the potential for future development as a de-hyperpigmentation product within a waste utilization context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Chia-Jen Nien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei
- Graduate Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Sung-Chih Hsieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
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Wanitphakdeedecha R, Tavechodperathum N, Tantrapornpong P, Suphatsathienkul P, Techapichetvanich T, Eimpunth S, Manuskiatti W. Acne treatment efficacy of intense pulsed light photodynamic therapy with topical licochalcone A, l-carnitine, and decanediol: A spilt-face, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:78-87. [PMID: 31587493 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depending on disease severity, standard acne treatments can vary from topical to systemic therapy. However, poor compliance caused by adverse events and antibiotic resistance is a major cause of treatment failure. AIMS To determine the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of acne when combined with a cream containing licochalcone A, L-carnitine and decanediol (so-called, 'active formulation') versus PDT alone. PATIENTS/METHODS Twenty-nine volunteers, aged 21-39 years (26 women and 3 men, mean age 29.41 ± 5.24 years), with mild to severe facial acne, were enrolled. Each subject's face sides were randomized in a split-face manner to either receive PDT (IPL with a 400-720 nm cut-off filter, at 4 sessions with two-week intervals) combined with the active formulation cream twice daily for 10 weeks on one face side; or PDT and the vehicle cream on the other side, with the same treatment protocol. Reduction in acne quantity, melanin index and erythema index were assessed 2 weeks after the second treatment (day 28), 1 week after the fourth treatment (day 49), and 1 month after the fourth treatment (day 70). RESULTS Compared to baseline, patients in the active formulation group demonstrated a faster onset of reduction in the number of lesions at 2 weeks after the second treatment (p=0.010 for inflammatory acne and p=0.001 for non-inflammatory acne). A significantly greater reduction in lesion count was observed in the active formulation group compared with the vehicle group at all timepoints of evaluation for noninflammatory acne (day 28, day 49, and day 70; p=0.003, 0.005 and 0.002 respectively), and at 1 month after the fourth treatment for inflammatory acne (p=0.036). Compared to the vehicle group, the melanin index of the active formulation group decreased significantly at 1 month after the fourth treatment (p=0.015). CONCLUSION PDT is more effective in treating acne when combined with a topical cream containing licochalcone A, L-carnitine and decanediol, than PDT alone. Significant acne reduction and improvements in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation were observed, which offers acne patients a better therapeutic option. It is a safe and effective combination treatment for patients with moderate and severe acne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ploypailin Tantrapornpong
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panittra Suphatsathienkul
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanya Techapichetvanich
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasima Eimpunth
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Woraphong Manuskiatti
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, recurring inflammatory skin disorder that manifests as erythematous macules or plaques with varying levels of scaling associated with pruritus. The condition typically occurs as an inflammatory response to Malassezia species and tends to occur on seborrheic areas, such as the scalp, face, chest, back, axilla, and groin areas. SD treatment focuses on clearing signs of the disease; ameliorating associated symptoms, such as pruritus; and maintaining remission with long-term therapy. Since the primary underlying pathogenic mechanisms comprise Malassezia proliferation and inflammation, the most commonly used treatment is topical antifungal and anti-inflammatory agents. Other broadly used therapies include lithium gluconate/succinate, coal tar, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, sodium sulfacetamide, glycerin, benzoyl peroxide, aloe vera, mud treatment, phototherapy, among others. Alternative therapies have also been reported, such as tea tree oil, Quassia amara, and Solanum chrysotrichum. Systemic therapy is reserved only for widespread lesions or in cases that are refractory to topical treatment. Thus, in this comprehensive review, we summarize the current knowledge on SD treatment and attempt to provide appropriate directions for future cases that dermatologists may face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis J Borda
- a Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Marina Perper
- a Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jonette E Keri
- a Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.,b Veterans Affairs Miami Health Care System , Miami , FL , USA
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Tan AU, Schlosser BJ, Paller AS. A review of diagnosis and treatment of acne in adult female patients. Int J Womens Dermatol 2017; 4:56-71. [PMID: 29872679 PMCID: PMC5986265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the treatment options for adult female patients with acne. Acne in adult female patients may start during adolescence and persist or have an onset in adulthood. Acne has various psychosocial effects that impact patients’ quality of life. Treatment of acne in adult women specifically has its challenges due to the considerations of patient preferences, pregnancy, and lactation. Treatments vary widely and treatment should be tailored specifically for each individual woman. We review conventional therapies with high levels of evidence, additional treatments with support from cohort studies and case reports, complementary and/or alternative therapies, and new agents under development for the treatment of patients with acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- A U Tan
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
| | - B J Schlosser
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
| | - A S Paller
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
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Sacchidanand SA, Lahiri K, Godse K, Patwardhan NG, Ganjoo A, Kharkar R, Narayanan V, Borade D, D’souza L. Synchronizing Pharmacotherapy in Acne with Review of Clinical Care. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:341-357. [PMID: 28794543 PMCID: PMC5527713 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_41_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that involves the pathogenesis of four major factors, such as androgen-induced increased sebum secretion, altered keratinization, colonization of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. Several acne mono-treatment and combination treatment regimens are available and prescribed in the Indian market, ranging from retinoids, benzoyl peroxide (BPO), anti-infectives, and other miscellaneous agents. Although standard guidelines and recommendations overview the management of mild, moderate, and severe acne, relevance and positioning of each category of pharmacotherapy available in Indian market are still unexplained. The present article discusses the available topical and oral acne therapies and the challenges associated with the overall management of acne in India and suggestions and recommendations by the Indian dermatologists. The experts opined that among topical therapies, the combination therapies are preferred over monotherapy due to associated lower efficacy, poor tolerability, safety issues, adverse effects, and emerging bacterial resistance. Retinoids are preferred in comedonal acne and as maintenance therapy. In case of poor response, combination therapies BPO-retinoid or retinoid-antibacterials in papulopustular acne and retinoid-BPO or BPO-antibacterials in pustular-nodular acne are recommended. Oral agents are generally recommended for severe acne. Low-dose retinoids are economical and have better patient acceptance. Antibiotics should be prescribed till the inflammation is clinically visible. Antiandrogen therapy should be given to women with high androgen levels and are added to regimen to regularize the menstrual cycle. In late-onset hyperandrogenism, oral corticosteroids should be used. The experts recommended that an early initiation of therapy is directly proportional to effective therapeutic outcomes and prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koushik Lahiri
- Consultant Dermatologist, Wizderm Speciality Skin and Hair Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kiran Godse
- Shree Skin Centre and Pathology Laboratory, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Anil Ganjoo
- Dr. Ganjoo's Skin and Cosmetology Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Kharkar
- Consultant Dermatologist, Dr. Kharkar's Skin Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Varsha Narayanan
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhammraj Borade
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lyndon D’souza
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Alshehri MD, Almutairi AT, Alomran AM, Alrashed BA, Kaliyadan F. Over-the-counter and Prescription Medications for Acne: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a Sample of University Students in Saudi Arabia. Indian Dermatol Online J 2017; 8:120-123. [PMID: 28405552 PMCID: PMC5372432 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.202273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Background: Acne is a very common dermatological condition found among the adolescent population in Saudi Arabia. Many patients with acne try various forms of self-medication, over the counter medicines (OTC), and prescription medicines for the same. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A validated questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of university students to evaluate their knowledge and attitudes towards OTC (mainly) as well as prescription medicine for acne. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests were used for comparisons between groups. Results: Four hundred and twenty valid, completed questionnaires were obtained. A total of 220 (52.4%) used some type of OTC medications at least once, where as 108 (25.7%) used prescription medicines and 92 (21.9%) used both. The most common OTC medications used were cleansers by 250 participants (41.9%). Among prescription medicines, the most common were topical and oral antibiotics (11.4%). Bivariate and multivariate analysis showed that females are statistically more likely to use OTC medicines compared to males (Odds ratio: 1.7). Conclusion: The use of self-medications and OTC medications is common among university students in KSA. The most common OTC medicine used for acne was cleanser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohja D Alshehri
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asma M Alomran
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Batool A Alrashed
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feroze Kaliyadan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
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Zhao Q, Dai C, Fan S, Lv J, Nie L. Synergistic efficacy of salicylic acid with a penetration enhancer on human skin monitored by OCT and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34954. [PMID: 27721398 PMCID: PMC5056361 DOI: 10.1038/srep34954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) has been frequently used as a facial chemical peeling agent (FCPA) in various cosmetics for facial rejuvenation and dermatological treatments in the clinic. However, there is a tradeoff between therapeutic effectiveness and possible adverse effects caused by this agent for cosmetologists. To optimize the cosmetic efficacy with minimal concentration, we proposed a chemical permeation enhancer (CPE) azone to synergistically work with SA on human skin in vivo. The optical properties of human skin after being treated with SA alone and SA combined with azone (SA@azone) were successively investigated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Our results revealed that as the SA concentration increased, the light reflectance decreased and the absorption increased. We also found that SA@azone exhibited a synergistic effect on enhancing light penetration and OCT imaging depth. We demonstrated that the combination of DRS and OCT techniques could be used as a noninvasive, rapid and accurate measurement method to monitor the subtle changes of skin tissue after treatment with FCPA and CPE. The approach will greatly benefit the development of clinical cosmetic surgery, dermatosis diagnosis and therapeutic effect inspection in related biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Cuixia Dai
- College of Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Shanhui Fan
- College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Liming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Fox L, Csongradi C, Aucamp M, du Plessis J, Gerber M. Treatment Modalities for Acne. Molecules 2016; 21:E1063. [PMID: 27529209 PMCID: PMC6273829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease which affects the pilosebaceous units of the skin. It can have severe psychological effects and can leave the patient with severe skin scarring. There are four well-recognized pathological factors responsible for acne which is also the target for acne therapy. In this review, different treatment options are discussed, including topical (i.e., retinoids, and antibiotics) and systemic (i.e., retinoids, antibiotics, and hormonal) treatments. Since the general public has been showing an increasing interest in more natural and generally safer treatment options, the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for treating acne was also discussed. The use of physical therapies such as comedone extraction, cryoslush therapy, cryotherapy, electrocauterization, intralesional corticosteroids and optical treatments are also mentioned. Acne has been extensively researched with regards to the disease mechanism as well as treatment options. However, due to the increasing resistance of Propionibacterium acnes towards the available antibiotics, there is a need for new treatment methods. Additionally, the lack of necessary evidence on the efficacy of CAM therapies makes it necessary for researchers to investigate these treatment options further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizelle Fox
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Candice Csongradi
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Marique Aucamp
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jeanetta du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Minja Gerber
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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Significance of diet in treated and untreated acne vulgaris. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2016; 33:81-6. [PMID: 27279815 PMCID: PMC4884775 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2016.59146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between diet and acne is highly controversial. Several studies during the last decade have led dermatologists to reflect on a potential link between diet and acne. This article presents the latest findings on a potential impact that diet can have on pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The association between diet and acne can no longer be dismissed. Compelling evidence shows that high glycemic load diets may exacerbate acne. Dairy ingestion appears to be weakly associated with acne and the roles of omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, antioxidants, vitamin A, zinc and iodine remain to be elucidated. The question of what the impact of diet is on the course of acne vulgaris still remains unclear.
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Araviiskaia E, Dréno B. The role of topical dermocosmetics in acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:926-35. [PMID: 26916232 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a common chronic inflammatory disease and treatment modalities based on acne severity are well established. The role of dermocosmetics in dermatology, and in particular acne, is becoming more important as more research elucidates the mechanisms of action of products in the pathogenesis of acne. Dermocosmetics have the potential to be used as monotherapy or in combination with medical treatment. Therefore, it has become important for dermatologists to understand dermocosmetics to effectively and appropriately advise patients on their use. The objective of this review was to provide new insights into the role of traditional and novel ingredients in dermocosmetics for the treatment of acne, based on the authors' objective assessment of the published literature. The type of products discussed include: those which have a sebostatic effect, such as topical antioxidants and niacinamide; agents targeting abnormal keratinization, such as salicylic acid, lipo-hydroxy acid, alpha-hydroxy acids, retinol-based products and linoleic acid; agents targeting Propionibacterium acnes, such as lauric acid; and anti-inflammatory agents such as nicotinamide, alpha-linolenic acid and zinc salts. Despite the scientific advances in understanding these cosmetic ingredients, there still remains a lack of rigorous controlled studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Araviiskaia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - B Dréno
- Department of DermatoCancerology, Nantes University, Nantes, France
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Abstract
Salicylic acid has been used to treat various skin disorders for more than 2,000 years. The ability of salicylic acid to exfoliate the stratum corneum makes it a good agent for peeling. In particular, the comedolytic property of salicylic acid makes it a useful peeling agent for patients with acne. Once considered as a keratolytic agent, the role of salicylic acid as a desmolytic agent, because of its ability to disrupt cellular junctions rather than breaking or lysing intercellular keratin filaments, is now recognized and is discussed here. Salicylic acid as a peeling agent has a number of indications, including acne vulgaris, melasma, photodamage, freckles, and lentigines. The efficacy and safety of salicylic acid peeling in Fitzpatrick skin types I–III as well as in skin types V and VI have been well documented in the literature. This paper reviews the available data and literature on salicylic acid as a peeling agent and its possible indications. Its properties, efficacy and safety, the peeling procedure, and possible side effects are discussed in detail. An account of salicylism is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasleem Arif
- Postgraduate Department of Dermatology, STD and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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18
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Oudenhoven MD, Kinney MA, McShane DB, Burkhart CN, Morrell DS. Adverse effects of acne medications: recognition and management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2015; 16:231-242. [PMID: 25896771 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-015-0127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a very common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. The clinical features of acne range from non-inflammatory comedones to inflammatory nodules. While often perceived as an adolescent disease, the prevalence remains high into adulthood, and the manifestations can have detrimental psychosocial effects. It is therefore not surprising that many patients are motivated to seek treatment. The existing treatment strategies for acne are complex due to the multifactorial pathogenesis of the disease. Although it is difficult to cure, four categories of medications have proved efficacious in reducing acne lesions: topical agents, systemic antibiotics, systemic retinoids, and hormonal agents. Unfortunately, these medications can cause adverse effects that may limit their use. Typically, these adverse effects are mild and transient and can be remedied by altering the dose or frequency of the offending agent. However, more serious adverse effects can occur that pose a significant health risk to the patient. Understanding how to recognize and manage the adverse effects of common acne therapies is imperative to providing the safest and most appropriate treatment for each patient. This article focuses on the recognition and management of adverse effects associated with current acne medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie D Oudenhoven
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 410 Market Street, #400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Megan A Kinney
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 410 Market Street, #400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Diana B McShane
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 410 Market Street, #400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Craig N Burkhart
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 410 Market Street, #400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Dean S Morrell
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 410 Market Street, #400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA.
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Higgins S, Wesley NO. Topical Retinoids and Cosmeceuticals: Where Is the Scientific Evidence to Recommend Products to Patients? CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-015-0102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hsu P, Litman GI, Brodell RT. Overview of the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris with Topical Retinoids. Postgrad Med 2015; 123:153-61. [DOI: 10.3810/pgm.2011.05.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
It has been demonstrated that nanoparticles used for follicular delivery provide some advantages over conventional pathways, including improved skin bioavailability, enhanced penetration depth, prolonged residence duration, fast transport into the skin and tissue targeting. This review describes recent developments using nanotechnology approaches for drug delivery into the follicles. Different types of nanosystems may be employed for management of follicular permeation, such as polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanocrystals, liposomes, and lipid nanoparticles. This review systematically introduces the mechanisms of follicles for nanoparticulate penetration, highlighting the therapeutic potential of drug-loaded nanoparticles for treating skin diseases. Special attention is paid to the use of nanoparticles in treating appendage-related disorders, in particular, nanomedical strategies for treating alopecia, acne, and transcutaneous immunization.
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22
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Fermented broth in tyrosinase- and melanogenesis inhibition. Molecules 2014; 19:13122-35. [PMID: 25255749 PMCID: PMC6271004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented broth has a long history of applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Recently, the use of fermented broth in skin care products is in ascendance. This review investigates the efficacy of fermented broth in inhibiting tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Possible active ingredients and hypopigmentation mechanisms of fermented broth are discussed, and potential applications of fermented broth in the cosmetic industry are also addressed.
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Sinha P, Srivastava S, Mishra N, Yadav NP. New perspectives on antiacne plant drugs: contribution to modern therapeutics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:301304. [PMID: 25147793 PMCID: PMC4132408 DOI: 10.1155/2014/301304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a common but serious skin disease, which affects approximately 80% adolescents and young adults in 11-30 age group. 42.5% of men and 50.9% of women continue to suffer from this disease into their twenties. Bacterial resistance is now at the alarming stage due to the irrational use of antibiotics. Hence, search for new lead molecule/bioactive and rational delivery of the existing drug (for better therapeutic effect) to the site of action is the need of the hour. Plants and plant-derived products have been an integral part of health care system since time immemorial. Therefore, plants that are currently used for the treatment of acne and those with a high potential are summarized in the present review. Most active plant extracts, namely, P. granatum, M. alba, A. anomala, and M. aquifolium exhibit minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the range of 4-50 µg/mL against P. acnes, while aromatic oils of C. obovoides, C. natsudaidai, C. japonica, and C. nardus possess MICs 0.005-0.6 μL/mL and phytomolecules such as rhodomyrtone, pulsaquinone, hydropulsaquinone, honokiol, magnolol, xanthohumol lupulones, chebulagic acid and rhinacanthin-C show MIC in the range of 0.5-12.5 μg/mL. Novel drug delivery strategies of important plant leads in the treatment of acne have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Sinha
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Shruti Srivastava
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Narayan Prasad Yadav
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
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Li B, Xu J, Hall AJ, Haupt K, Tse Sum Bui B. Water-compatible silica sol-gel molecularly imprinted polymer as a potential delivery system for the controlled release of salicylic acid. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:559-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory; Compiègne University of Technology; Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 60203 Compiègne Cedex France
| | - Jingjing Xu
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory; Compiègne University of Technology; Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 60203 Compiègne Cedex France
| | - Andrew J. Hall
- Medway School of Pharmacy; Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway; Chatham UK
| | - Karsten Haupt
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory; Compiègne University of Technology; Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 60203 Compiègne Cedex France
| | - Bernadette Tse Sum Bui
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory; Compiègne University of Technology; Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 60203 Compiègne Cedex France
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Carbon nanotube embedded poly 1,5-diaminonapthalene modified pyrolytic graphite sensor for the determination of sulfacetamide in pharmaceutical formulations. Talanta 2014; 118:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE Sodium salicylate has shown potential as a component of contact lens care solutions designed to reduce Acanthamoebal attachment to contact lenses. This study determined the minimum effective concentration required to significantly reduce amoebal attachment. METHODS Different concentrations of sodium salicylate (10, 15, and 20 mM) were applied during exposure of unworn or bacterial biofilm-coated hydrogel contact lenses to Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites. Salicylate was applied at stage 1 intervention during biofilm formation on lenses, at stage 2 intervention during amoebal exposure, or at both stages. RESULTS A significant reduction in amoebal attachment was achieved when 10 mM salicylate was included during stage 1 alone; however, 15 mM was required for stage 2 intervention to significantly reduce attachment to clean or biofilm-coated lenses. For stages 1 and 2 combined intervention, 10 mM sodium salicylate produced a significant reduction in amoebal attachment. CONCLUSIONS In situ, within a contact lens case, biofilm formation and amoebal attachment would occur concurrently; therefore, stages 1 and 2 intervention would be closest to the real-life situation, thus indicating that 10 mM of salicylate would be an effective minimum concentration for reducing amoebal attachment to hydrogel contact lenses. Inclusion of components in contact lens care solution, such as sodium salicylate, which reduce Acanthamoebal attachment, has the potential to enhance effectiveness, particularly where amoebicidal efficacy may be limited, thus reducing the risk of contact lens-associated Acanthamoebal infection.
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Zager SH. Acne Vulgaris and Acne Rosacea. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-1793-8.00057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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AKARSU S, FETIL E, YÜCEL F, GÜL E, GÜNEŞ AT. Efficacy of the addition of salicylic acid to clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide combination for acne vulgaris. J Dermatol 2011; 39:433-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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In vitro antibacterial activity of NB-003 against Propionibacterium acnes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:4211-7. [PMID: 21746943 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00561-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NB-003 and NB-003 gel formulations are oil-in-water nanoemulsions designed for use in bacterial infections. In vitro susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes to NB-003 formulations and comparator drugs was evaluated. Both NB-003 formulations were bactericidal against all P. acnes isolates, including those that were erythromycin, clindamycin, and/or tetracycline resistant. In the absence of sebum, the MIC(90)s/minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC(90)s) for NB-003, NB-003 gel, salicylic acid (SA), and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were 0.5/2.0, 1.0/2.0, 1,000/2,000, and 50/200 μg/ml, respectively. In the presence of 50% sebum, the MIC(90)s/MBC(90)s of NB003 and BPOs increased to 128/1,024 and 400/1,600 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC(90)s/MBC(90)s of SA were not significantly impacted by the presence of sebum. A reduction in the MBC(90)s for NB-003 and BPO was observed when 2% SA or 0.5% BPO was integrated into the formulation, resulting in MIC(90)s/MBC(90)s of 128/256 μg/ml for NB003 and 214/428 μg/ml for BPO. The addition of EDTA enhanced the in vitro efficacy of 0.5% NB-003 in the presence or absence of 25% sebum. The addition of 5 mM EDTA to each well of the microtiter plate resulted in a >16- and >256-fold decrease in MIC(90) and MBC(90), yielding a more potent MIC(90)/MBC(90) of ≤1/<1 μg/ml. The kinetics of bactericidal activity of NB-003 against P. acnes were compared to those of a commercially available product of BPO. Electron micrographs of P. acnes treated with NB-003 showed complete disruption of bacteria. Assessment of spontaneous resistance of P. acnes revealed no stably resistant mutant strains.
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Schlessinger J, Kenkel J, Werschler P. Further enhancement of facial appearance with a hydroquinone skin care system plus tretinoin in patients previously treated with botulinum toxin Type A. Aesthet Surg J 2011; 31:529-39. [PMID: 21719866 DOI: 10.1177/1090820x11411579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hydroquinone (HQ) skin care system has been designed for use in conjunction with nonsurgical procedures. OBJECTIVE The authors evaluate the efficacy of this system plus tretinoin for improving facial appearance in comparison to a standard skin care regimen in users of botulinum toxin Type A (BoNT-A). METHODS In this multicenter, randomized, investigator-masked, parallel-group study, 61 patients who received upper facial treatment with BoNT-A at a plastic surgery or dermatology clinic were randomly assigned to apply either the HQ system (cleanser, toner, proprietary 4% hydroquinone, exfoliant, and sunscreen) plus 0.05% tretinoin cream or a standard skin care regimen (cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen) for 120 days. Outcomes were assessed by the investigators and through a patient questionnaire. RESULTS Compared with standard skin care, the HQ system plus tretinoin resulted in significantly milder fine lines/wrinkles and hyperpigmentation at Days 30, 90, and 120 (p ≤ .05) and significantly superior overall ratings for each of nine patient assessments at Days 90 and 120 (p ≤ .05). A relatively greater proportion of patients using the HQ system plus tretinoin believed that their study treatment had further enhanced the improvements attained with BoNT-A (86% vs 8%). Both regimens were generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive use of the HQ system plus tretinoin can further enhance the improvements in facial appearance attained with BoNT-A. Applying the HQ system plus tretinoin offers multiple clinical benefits over standard skin care, including significantly greater improvements in fine lines/wrinkles and hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Schlessinger
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
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31
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Kanlayavattanakul M, Lourith N. Therapeutic agents and herbs in topical application for acne treatment. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:289-97. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kraft
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
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Babayeva L, Akarsu S, Fetil E, Güneş AT. Comparison of tretinoin 0.05% cream and 3% alcohol-based salicylic acid preparation in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 25:328-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Gillbro JM, Olsson MJ. The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents--existing and new approaches. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:210-21. [PMID: 21265866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Skin-lightening products are commercially available for cosmetic purposes to obtain lighter skin complexion. Clinically, they are also used for treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders such as melasma, café au lait spot and solar lentigo. All of these target naturally melanin production, and many of the commonly used agents are known as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, one of the key enzymes in melanogenesis. In this review, we present an overview of commonly used skin-whitening ingredients that are commercialized, but we also hypothesize on other mechanisms that could be important targets to control skin pigmentation such as for example regulation of the adrenergic and glutaminergic signalling and also control of tetrahydrobiopterins in the human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Gillbro
- Oriflame Cosmetics Skin Research Institute, SE-101 39 Stockholm, Sweden
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37
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Zhao Y, Brown MB, Jones SA. The topical delivery of benzoyl peroxide using elegant dynamic hydrofluoroalkane foams. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:1384-98. [PMID: 19798761 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Formulating benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in an effective topical product is challenging due to its poor water solubility and chemical instability, but delivering BPO using elegant foams is an attractive solution to this problem. The aim of this work was to investigate how nanoparticle properties influence BPO release and permeation when administrated using dynamic hydrofluoroalkane foams. Lipid (LN, approximately 50 nm) and polymeric (PN, approximately 350 nm) nanoparticles were produced and loaded into topical foams. Drug release and permeation was measured using ultrafiltration and Franz cells studies, respectively. No BPO release was detected when the nanoparticles were stored in the aqueous solvent, but upon administration to silicone membrane the pluronic surfactant-induced LN swelling and BPO delivery (35.7 +/- 3.8 microg cm(-2) h(-1)). In the same situation the PN aggregated with a delivery rate of 2.5 +/- 0.2 microg cm(-2) h(-1). Surprisingly the aqueous nanosuspensions delivered BPO at an equivalent rate to the foams despite the poor drug solubility in the dispersing medium presumably due to ultra-rapid BPO solubilization kinetics of the drug in water. The delivery of BPO from the foams (0.1% BPO) was superior compared to the commercial products (5% BPO), but further testing in human skin is required prior to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Science Division, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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Bowe WP, Joshi SS, Shalita AR. Diet and acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63:124-41. [PMID: 20338665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Historically, the relationship between diet and acne has been highly controversial. Before the 1960s, certain foods were thought to exacerbate acne. However, subsequent studies dispelled these alleged associations as myth for almost half a century. Several studies during the last decade have prompted dermatologists to revisit the potential link between diet and acne. This article critically reviews the literature and discusses how dermatologists might address diet when counseling patients with acne. Dermatologists can no longer dismiss the association between diet and acne. Compelling evidence exists that high glycemic load diets may exacerbate acne. Dairy ingestion appears to be weakly associated with acne, and the roles of omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, zinc, vitamin A, and dietary fiber remain to be elucidated. This study was limited by the lack of randomized controlled trials in the literature. We hope that this review will encourage others to explore the effects of diet on acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney P Bowe
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
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Mechanisms regulating skin pigmentation: the rise and fall of complexion coloration. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:4066-4087. [PMID: 19865532 PMCID: PMC2769151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10094066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin pigmentary abnormalities are seen as aesthetically unfavorable and have led to the development of cosmetic and therapeutic treatment modalities of varying efficacy. Hence, several putative depigmenting agents aimed at modulating skin pigmentation are currently being researched or sold in commercially available products. In this review we will discuss the regulation of processes that control skin complexion coloration. This includes direct inhibition of tyrosinase and related melanogenic enzymes, regulation of melanocyte homeostasis, alteration of constitutive and facultative pigmentation and down-regulation of melanosome transfer to the keratinocytes. These various processes, in the complex mechanism of skin pigmentation, can be regulated individually or concomitantly to alter complexion coloration and thus ameliorate skin complexion diseases.
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