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Guo S, Tian Y, Li J, Zeng X. A Glimpse into Humoral Response and Related Therapeutic Approaches of Takayasu's Arteritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6528. [PMID: 38928233 PMCID: PMC11203527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) manifests as an insidiously progressive and debilitating form of granulomatous inflammation including the aorta and its major branches. The precise etiology of TAK remains elusive, with current understanding suggesting an autoimmune origin primarily driven by T cells. Notably, a growing body of evidence bears testimony to the widespread effects of B cells on disease pathogenesis and progression. Distinct alterations in peripheral B cell subsets have been described in individuals with TAK. Advancements in technology have facilitated the identification of novel autoantibodies in TAK. Moreover, emerging data suggest that dysregulated signaling cascades downstream of B cell receptor families, including interactions with innate pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors, as well as co-stimulatory molecules like CD40, CD80 and CD86, may result in the selection and proliferation of autoreactive B cell clones in TAK. Additionally, ectopic lymphoid neogenesis within the aortic wall of TAK patients exhibits functional characteristics. In recent decades, therapeutic interventions targeting B cells, notably utilizing the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab, have demonstrated efficacy in TAK. Despite the importance of the humoral immune response, a systematic understanding of how autoreactive B cells contribute to the pathogenic process is still lacking. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological significance of B cell-mediated autoimmunity in TAK pathogenesis, as well as insights into therapeutic strategies targeting the humoral response. Furthermore, it examines the roles of T-helper and T follicular helper cells in humoral immunity and their potential contributions to disease mechanisms. We believe that further identification of the pathogenic role of autoimmune B cells and the underlying regulation system will lead to deeper personalized management of TAK patients. We believe that further elucidation of the pathogenic role of autoimmune B cells and the underlying regulatory mechanisms holds promise for the development of personalized approaches to managing TAK patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China; (S.G.); (Y.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing 100006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yixiao Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China; (S.G.); (Y.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing 100006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China; (S.G.); (Y.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing 100006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China; (S.G.); (Y.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing 100006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100006, China
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Misra DP. Comment on: Treatment efficacy and safety of adalimumab versus tocilizumab in patients with active and severe Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:e156-e157. [PMID: 38224547 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India
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Peron Filho F, Moreira ADS, Janes ALF, de Souza AWS. Effectiveness and safety of adalimumab compared with leflunomide in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a retrospective cohort study. RMD Open 2024; 10:e003992. [PMID: 38443091 PMCID: PMC11146362 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adalimumab (ADA) compared with leflunomide (LEF) in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). METHOD A retrospective cohort study was performed with the following inclusion criteria: the fulfilment of the 2022 American College Classification/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria for TAK, age ≥18 years, and written informed consent. Forty-four patients were treated with LEF (n=28) or ADA (n=16) therapy due to relapsing/refractory disease or toxicity from previous therapy. Patients were evaluated at baseline (T0), at a median of 7.0 months (T1) and at 15.0 months of follow-up (T2). Data regarding disease activity, daily dose of prednisone, side effects and angiographic progression were analysed. RESULTS LEF and ADA groups had similar features on the baseline visit. However, intravenous methylprednisolone was more frequently prescribed for the ADA group (p=0.019). On T1 and T2 visits, complete response rates were similar for ADA and LEF groups (75.0% and 88.5%; p=0.397 and 62.5% vs 78.3%; p=0.307), respectively. The differences remained non-significant after adjusting for baseline variables by propensity score matching. Although the ADA group had a higher median daily prednisone on visit T1 (p=0.004), it was similar on visit T2 (p=0.595). Similar rates of angiographic progression were observed in ADA and LEF groups (40% vs 25%; p=0.467). Mild-to-moderate adverse events were observed only in the LEF group (17.9%). CONCLUSION LEF and ADA had comparable outcomes after a median of 15.0 months of follow-up. However, withdrawal from therapy and mild-to-moderate adverse events were only observed in the LEF group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino Peron Filho
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Souza Moreira
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Larissa Faria Janes
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre W S de Souza
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Bindoli S, Baggio C, Doria A, Sfriso P. Adult-Onset Still's Disease (AOSD): Advances in Understanding Pathophysiology, Genetics and Emerging Treatment Options. Drugs 2024; 84:257-274. [PMID: 38441807 PMCID: PMC10982104 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-01993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a multisystemic complex disorder clinically characterised by episodes of spiking fever, evanescent rash, polyarthritis or diffuse arthralgias; multiorgan involvement may develop according to the hyper-inflammatory extent. The pathogenesis of AOSD is not completely recognised. The central role of macrophage activation, which results in T helper 1 (Th1) cell cytokine activation, is well established. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and IL-18 play a fundamental role in disease onset and progression. The disease may develop in both children and adults with overlapping clinical features, and although several subsets depending on the clinical manifestations and the cytokines expressed have been identified, the dichotomy between systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and AOSD nowadays has been overcome, and the pathology is considered a disease continuum between ages. Various therapeutic approaches have been evaluated thus far, and different compounds are under assessment for AOSD treatment. Historically, glucocorticoids have been employed for treating systemic manifestations of Still's disease, while conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) demonstrated efficacy in controlling the articular manifestations. Currently, biological (b) DMARDs are widely employed; IL-1 inhibitors such as anakinra and canakinumab have proven to have high efficacy and an excellent safety profile and the anti-IL-6 tocilizumab is approved for sJIA, with several trials and longitudinal studies confirming its efficacy and safety. Moreover, in the light of the 'window of opportunity', new evidence showed that the earlier these treatments are initiated, the sooner clinical inactivity can be achieved. Other treatment options are being considered since several molecules involved in the disease pathophysiology can be targeted through various mechanisms. This review will provide a broad overview of AOSD pathophysiology, insights into specific organ manifestations and the currently available treatments with the identification of potential therapeutic targets involved in AOSD pathogenesis will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bindoli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Baggio
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Sfriso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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Tian X, Zeng X. Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu's arteritis (2023). RHEUMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 5:5-26. [PMID: 38571931 PMCID: PMC10985707 DOI: 10.1515/rir-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that involves aorta and its primary branches. It is characterized by wall thickening, stenosis/obliteration or aneurysm formation of the involved arteries. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TAK in China, a clinical practice guideline with an evidence-based approach is developed under the leadership of National Clinical Medical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID). Eleven recommendations for 11 clinical questions that are important to the diagnosis and treatment of TAK are developed based on the latest evidence and expert opinions combined with real clinical practice in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science& Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science& Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Kaymakci MS, Warrington KJ, Kermani TA. New Therapeutic Approaches to Large-Vessel Vasculitis. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:427-442. [PMID: 37683286 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-060622-100940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) are large-vessel vasculitides affecting the aorta and its branches. Arterial damage from these diseases may result in ischemic complications, aneurysms, and dissections. Despite their similarities, the management of GCA and TAK differs. Glucocorticoids are used frequently but relapses are common, and glucocorticoid toxicity contributes to significant morbidity. Conventional immunosuppressive therapies can be beneficial in TAK, though their role in the management of GCA remains unclear. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors improve remission rates and appear to limit vascular damage in TAK; these agents are not beneficial in GCA. Tocilizumab is the first biologic glucocorticoid-sparing agent approved for use in GCA and also appears to be effective in TAK. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of both conditions and the availability of targeted therapies hold much promise for future management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut S Kaymakci
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; ,
| | - Kenneth J Warrington
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; ,
| | - Tanaz A Kermani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Santa Monica, California, USA;
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Zha B, Pan L, Gao N. High-throughput sequencing reveals the change of TCR α chain CDR3 with Takayasu arteritis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1122. [PMID: 38156386 PMCID: PMC10740332 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels, and its pathogenesis is not clear at present. In this study, we explored the immunological characteristics of T cell receptor (TCR) α-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) in patients with TAK. METHODS Five untreated patients with TAK were collected from June 2019 to December 2019. Four healthy blood samples were matched as the control group. The blood mononuclear cells were separated, and RNA was extracted for reverse transcription to obtain complementary DNA. Then high-throughput sequencing was performed. The quality of samples was evaluated by principal component analysis. We compared the diversity and expression of TCR α-chain between TAK group and control group. R software was used for statistical analysis and drawing, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences between the two groups. RESULTS The results showed that there was a significant difference in the diversity of TCR α-chain CDR3 between the two groups. Three V region genes expression significantly higher in the TAK patients than in the control group. A total of 196 VJ rearrangement genes are significantly different between the two groups, of which 149 rearrangement genes in the TAK group are lower than those in the control group, and 47 rearrangement genes in the TAK group are higher than those in the control group. CONCLUSION Patients with TAK have a unique TCR α-chain CDR3 library. These characteristic genes may be a marker for early diagnosis and provide a new theoretical basis for treating TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zha
- Department of EducationBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of RheumatologyBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Na Gao
- Department of RheumatologyBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Harigai M, Miyamae T, Hashimoto H, Yoshida A, Yamashita K, Nakaoka Y. A multicentre, large-scale, observational study of tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis in Japan: The ACTEMRA® (ACT)-Bridge study. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:998-1006. [PMID: 36057089 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the real-world tolerability and effectiveness of tocilizumab in Japanese patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). METHODS Patients with TAK who had not received tocilizumab in the previous 6 months were enrolled in ACTEMRA® (ACT)-Bridge, a phase 4, observational study, from 66 Japanese institutions (enrolment period, September 2017 to September 2020) and received weekly subcutaneous tocilizumab 162 mg (observation period, 52 weeks). RESULTS Among 120 patients included (mean age, 38.4 years; mean disease duration, 7.7 years; treated for relapse, 50.8%; previous immunosuppressant use, 57.5%; glucocorticoid use at baseline, 97.5%), 49 (40.8%) reported adverse events. The most common adverse event of special interest was serious infection (7.5%). Relapse was observed in 24 (20.0%) patients (0.8%, 2.5%, and 16.7% reporting ≥3, 2, and 1 relapses, respectively). The reasons for diagnosing relapse included chest and back pain (45.8%), neck pain (25.0%), fatigue (16.7%), fever and headache (12.5% each), abnormal imaging findings (50.0%), and elevated inflammatory markers (16.7%). At the last observation, 83.0% of relapse-free patients recorded a concomitant glucocorticoid dose (prednisolone equivalent) <10 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the effectiveness of tocilizumab in patients with TAK, with no new safety concerns. Tocilizumab plus glucocorticoids may be considered a treatment option for TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Harigai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Miyamae
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Amika Yoshida
- Drug Safety Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshikazu Nakaoka
- Department of Vascular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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Misra DP, Singh K, Rathore U, Patro P, Tomelleri A, Campochiaro C, Agarwal V, Sharma A. The effectiveness of tocilizumab and its comparison with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors for Takayasu Arteritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103275. [PMID: 36652977 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Takayasu arteritis (TAK) refractory to conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is commonly treated with biologic DMARDs such as tocilizumab or tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi). The 2021 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) recommendations preferred TNFi to tocilizumab. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess the evidence base for tocilizumab in TAK by updating a previous systematic review on DMARDs in TAK through searches on MEDLINE, Pubmed Central, Scopus, major international Rheumatology conference abstracts, and clinical trial databases from January 2021 to November 2022. Thirty-five studies involving 1082 TAK [one randomized controlled trial (RCT), eleven controlled and twenty-one uncontrolled studies, most of moderate to high quality] had evaluated tocilizumab in TAK. The RCT of tocilizumab versus placebo failed to meet its primary end-point of superiority of tocilizumab on an intention-to-treat analysis (hazard ratio 0.41, 95%CI 0.15-1.10) but successfully met the secondary end-point of superiority on per-protocol analysis (hazard ratio 0.34, 95%CI 0.11-1.00). A meta-analysis of six studies identified similar rates of clinical remission [risk ratio (RR) tocilizumab vs TNFi 1.03, 95%CI 0.91-1.17)], angiographic stabilization (RR 1.00, 95%CI 0.72-1.40) or adverse events (RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.54-1.31) with tocilizumab or TNFi. A meta-analysis of three studies identified superior clinical response (RR 1.55, 95%CI 1.15-2.10) and adverse effect profile (RR 0.45, 95%CI 0.25-0.80) with tocilizumab than cyclophosphamide. Pooled data from uncontrolled studies identified clinical response in 85%(95%CI 79-91%) and angiographic stabilization in 82% (95%CI 68-94%). Our study suggests similar evidence for treating TAK with tocilizumab or TNFi, contrary to the ACR 2021 recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
| | - Kritika Singh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
| | - Upendra Rathore
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
| | - Pallavi Patro
- School of Telemedicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India.
| | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
| | - Aman Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Services, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
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Kang L, Liu Y, Luo Z, Zhou Y, Chen B, Yin G, Xie Q. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature on tocilizumab in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1084558. [PMID: 36845158 PMCID: PMC9945188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1084558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To present the pooled quantitative evidence of baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Methods A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on all available studies retrieved from the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases, using TCZ in patients with refractory TAK. We applied the commands metan and metaprop_one in Stata Software to pool overall estimates of continuous data and binomial data, respectively. A random-effects model was recruited for analysis. Results Nineteen studies with 466 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The mean age at implementation of TCZ was 34.32 years. Female sex and Numano Type V were the most prominent baseline characteristics. During the 12-month follow-up when receiving TCZ treatment, pooled CRP was 1.17 mg/L (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.18-2.52), pooled ESR was 3.54 mm/h (95% CI 0.51-6.58), and pooled glucocorticoid dose was 6.26 mg/d (95% CI 4.24-8.27). Approximately 76% (95% CI 58-87%) of patients achieved a decrease in glucocorticoid dosage. Meanwhile, patients with TAK had a remission rate of 79% (95% CI 69-86%), a relapse rate of 17% (95% CI 5-45%), an imaging progress rate of 16% (95% CI 9-27%), and a retention rate of 68% (95% CI 50-82%). Adverse events occurred in 16% (95% CI 5-39%) of patients, and infection was the most common adverse event, with a rate of 12% (95% CI 5-28%). Conclusion TCZ treatment can provide favorable outcomes in terms of inflammatory markers, steroid-sparing effects, clinical response, drug retention and minimizing adverse effects for patients with refractory TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Kang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongling Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyuan Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geng Yin
- Department of General Practice, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qibing Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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As C, Danda D. Current Diagnosis and Management of Takayasu Arteritis. Int Heart J 2023; 64:519-534. [PMID: 37518335 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.23-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Takayasu arteritis (TA or TAK) is a chronic large vessel vasculitis with predilection to affect the aorta and its branches. The new 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis incorporated imaging characteristics as an absolute requirement. ESR and CRP fails in accuracy as disease activity markers. Pentraxin 3 appears to be a relatively superior biomarker, which correlates with ITAS 2010 as per several studies. PET-CT is also increasingly being studied for assessing disease activity with variable results. The management of TAK involves use of steroids with upfront steroid sparing immunosuppressive agents. MMF is one such conventional DMARD/immunosuppressant with good efficacy and better safety profile, as reported in various cohort studies. Tocilizumab is proved to be a rapid remission inducing agent in refractory Takayasu arteritis in observational studies. TNF inhibitors in many uncontrolled studies showed good responses, and there is a need for good RCTs for confirmation. JAK inhibitors have also been used with success in a few reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandhu As
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital
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Farina N, Tomelleri A, Campochiaro C, Dagna L. Giant cell arteritis: Update on clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 107:17-26. [PMID: 36344353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2022.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis affecting people older than 50 years. The last decades have shed new light on the clinical paradigm of this condition, expanding its spectrum beyond cranial vessel inflammation. GCA can be now considered a multifaceted vasculitic syndrome encompassing inflammation of cranial and extra-cranial arteries and girdles, isolated or combined. Such heterogeneity often leads to diagnostic delays and increases the likelihood of acute and chronic GCA-related damage. On the other hand, the approach to suspected GCA patients has been revolutionized by the introduction of vascular ultrasound which allows a rapid, cost-effective, and non-invasive GCA diagnosis. Likewise, the use of tocilizumab is now part of the therapeutic algorithm of GCA and ensures a satisfactory disease control even in steroid-refractory patients. Nonetheless, some aspects of GCA still need to be clarified, including the clinical correlation of different histological patterns, and the prevention of long-term vascular complications. This narrative review depicts the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of GCA most relevant in clinical practice, with a focus on clinical updates and novelties introduced over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Farina
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Misra DP, Tomelleri A, Rathore U, Benanti G, Singh K, Behera MR, Jain N, Ora M, Bhadauria DS, Gambhir S, Kumar S, Baldissera E, Agarwal V, Campochiaro C, Dagna L. Impact of Geographic Location on Diagnosis and Initial Management of Takayasu Arteritis: A Tale of Two Cohorts from Italy and India. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123102. [PMID: 36553110 PMCID: PMC9777621 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study compares disease characteristics, imaging modalities used, and patterns of treatment in two large cohorts of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) from Italy and India. Clinic files were retrospectively reviewed to retrieve information about initial choices of vascular imaging and immunosuppressive therapies. Unpaired t-tests compared means, and proportions were compared using Fisher’s exact test or Chi square test [Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) calculated where appropriate]. The cohorts comprised 318 patients [Italy (n = 127), India (n = 191)] with similar delays to diagnosis. Ultrasound (OR Italy vs. India 9.25, 95%CI 5.02−17.07) was more frequently used in Italy and CT angiography in India (OR 0.32, 95%CI 0.20−0.51). Corticosteroid use was more prevalent and for longer duration in Italy. TAK from Italy had been more often treated with methotrexate, leflunomide or azathioprine, as opposed to tacrolimus in TAK from India (p < 0.05). Biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying agents were almost exclusively used in Italy. Survival on first immunosuppressive agent was longer from Italy than from India (log rank test p value 0.041). Considerable differences in the choice of initial vascular imaging modality and therapies for TAK from Italy and India could relate to prevalent socio-economic disparities. These should be considered while developing treatment recommendations for TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
- Correspondence: (D.P.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Upendra Rathore
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Giovanni Benanti
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Kritika Singh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Behera
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Neeraj Jain
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Manish Ora
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh Bhadauria
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sanjay Gambhir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sudeep Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Elena Baldissera
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.P.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
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14
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Danda D, Manikuppam P, Tian X, Harigai M. Advances in Takayasu arteritis: An Asia Pacific perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:952972. [PMID: 36045929 PMCID: PMC9423100 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.952972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Takayasu Arteritis (TA) is a rare form of chronic granulomatous large vessel vasculitis that is more common in Asia compared to other parts of the world. There have been several developments in the field of Takayasu arteritis in relation to genetics, classification, clinical features, imaging, disease activity assessment and management and much of these works have been done in the Asia Pacific region. We will be discussing selected few in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Prathyusha Manikuppam
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Beijing, China
| | - Masayoshi Harigai
- Division of Epidemiology and Pharmacoepidemiology of Rheumatic Diseases, Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Dammacco R, Cimino L, De Simone L, Alessio G, Dammacco F. Ocular Manifestations in an Italian Cohort of Patients with Takayasu Arteritis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35584335 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2072348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe ophthalmic manifestations, therapy, and outcomes in 16 patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA). METHODS Takayasu retinopathy was detected in 15 eyes of 9 patients and hypertensive retinopathy in 14 eyes of 7 patients. RESULTS Visual acuity was normal in 7 eyes, 20/40 to 20/200 in 20 eyes, counting fingers in 2 eyes, hand motion in 2 eyes, and no light perception in 1 eye. Glucocorticoids associated with immunosuppressive agents induced a sustained remission in 13 patients. Three relapsing-refractory patients were given the monoclonal antibody tocilizumab, which led to partial and complete response in 1 and 2 patients respectively. Steroid-induced cataracts developed in 4 patients. Restenosis and the consequent recurrence of visual symptoms were detected in 2 of 9 patients who underwent a patency procedure for their stenotic lesions. CONCLUSIONS Ocular manifestations were a common feature (37.2%) in our cohort of TA patients and were frequently responsible for severe visual deterioration. ABBREVIATIONS BCVA: best-corrected visual acuity; FFA: fundus fluorescein angiography; GC: glucocorticoids; HR: hypertensive retinopathy; ITAS: Indian Takayasu activity score; OCT: optical coherence tomography; TA: Takayasu arteritis; TR: Takayasu retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Dammacco
- Department of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Cimino
- Department of Surgery, Medicine,Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca De Simone
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Alessio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Dammacco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Medical School, Bari, Italy
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16
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Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib versus leflunomide with glucocorticoids treatment in Takayasu arteritis: A prospective study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2022; 55:152018. [PMID: 35523066 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the efficacy and safety of leflunomide (LEF) versus tofacitinib (TOF) in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients. Sixty-seven active patients were recruited from an ongoing observational TAK cohort, including 35 patients treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) and LEF and 32 patients treated with GCs and TOF. The observation period was 12 months. The effectiveness rate (ER), remission rate, inflammatory parameters reduction, vascular imaging changes, GCs tapering, disease relapse and side-effects were evaluated between two groups. These aspects were also assessed separately among treatment-naïve or -refractory patients. The ER at 6 and 12 months was 88.57% (31/35) vs. 87.50% (28/32) (p = 1.00) and 71.43% (25/35) vs. 71.88% (23/32) (p = 1.00) in the LEF and TOF group. The percentage of patients with persistent remission from 6th to 12th months and GCs≤7.5 mg/day at 12 months was higher in TOF group (15 (46.88%) vs. 6 (17.14%) p = 0.02). The relapse prevalence was 6 (17.14%) and 7 (21.88%) (p = 0.76), respectively. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was decreased significantly at 6 months in both groups (p<0.05), whereas C-reactive protein (CRP) level was reduced significantly at 6 months only in the TOF group (p = 0.007). The proportion of patients with imaging improvement was higher in the TOF group (eight (25.00%) and two (5.71%), p = 0.04). Side-effect prevalence was higher in the LEF group (11 (31.43%) vs. 3 (9.38%), p = 0.04). In conclusion, LEF and TOF were comparable for TAK treatment. TOF might be a potential agent to maintain disease remission at a low dose of glucocorticoids in TAK.
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Misra DP, Rathore U, Patro P, Agarwal V, Sharma A. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for the management of Takayasu arteritis-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:4391-4416. [PMID: 33932173 PMCID: PMC8087890 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacotherapy of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is an evolving area. A systematic review of Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed Central, clinical trial databases and recent international rheumatology conferences for interventional and observational studies reporting the effectiveness of DMARDs in TAK identified four randomized controlled trials (RCTs, with another longer-term follow-up of one RCT) and 63 observational studies. The identified trials had some concern or high risk of bias. Most observational studies were downgraded on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale due to lack of appropriate comparator groups. Studies used heterogenous outcomes of clinical responses, angiographic stabilization, normalization of inflammatory markers, reduction in vascular uptake on positron emission tomography, reduction in prednisolone doses and relapses. Tocilizumab showed benefit in a RCT compared to placebo in a secondary per-protocol analysis but not the primary intention-to-treat analysis. Abatacept failed to demonstrate benefit compared to placebo for preventing relapses in another RCT. Pooled data from uncontrolled observational studies demonstrated beneficial clinical responses and angiographic stabilization in nearly 80% patients treated with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, tocilizumab or leflunomide. Certainty of evidence for outcomes from RCTs ranged from moderate to very low and was low to very low for all observational studies. There is a paucity of high-quality evidence to guide the pharmacotherapy of TAK. Future observational studies should attempt to include appropriate comparator arms. Multicentric, adequately powered RCTs assessing both clinical and angiographic responses are necessary in TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Upendra Rathore
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Pallavi Patro
- School of Telemedicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Services, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), -160012, Chandigarh, India
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Campochiaro C, Tomelleri A, Sartorelli S, Sembenini C, Papa M, Fallanca F, Picchio M, Cavalli G, De Cobelli F, Baldissera E, Dagna L. A Prospective Observational Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab-Biosimilar (CT-P13) in Patients With Takayasu Arteritis (TAKASIM). Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:723506. [PMID: 34646844 PMCID: PMC8502860 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.723506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Infliximab (IFX) is widely used in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Recently, the IFX-biosimilar CT-P13 has been introduced for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of CT-P13 in patients with refractory TAK. Methods: In this prospective, open-label, single-center trial, TAK patients either already on treatment with IFX-originator (switch group) or never treated with IFX (naïve group) received CT-P13 for 52 weeks. The primary outcomes of the study were: (i) number of patients with active disease at month 6; (ii) incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events at month 12. Disease activity was assessed at month 6 and month 12 by clinical evaluation (ITAS-2020, ITAS-ESR, and ITAS-CRP scores) and imaging assessment [magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and (18F)-FDG-PET]. Results: 23 patients were recruited (21 switch, 2 naïve). At baseline, 7 patients (32%) were classified as active. At month 6, one patient voluntarily dropped out and 7 patients were still active (30%), including one patient started on a different bDMARD at month 2 due to poor disease control. Mean daily dose of prednisone equivalent was significantly lower than baseline (4.2 ± 1.9 mg vs. 4.8 ± 2.1 mg, p = 0.009). At month 12, another patient was excluded because of pregnancy desire. Five patients were classified as active (24%), including two patients started on a different bDMARD at month 2 and month 6. Mean daily dose of prednisone equivalent was significantly lower than baseline (3.3 ± 2.6, p = 0.034). No patient experienced side effects during CT-P13 infusion. Overall, one patient experienced grade 1 adverse event and 9 patients experienced grade 2 adverse events. In no case hospitalization was required. CT-P13 retention rate was 90.9% at month 6 and 90.4% at month 12. Conclusion: In this study, the use of IFX-biosimilar CT-P13 in patients with refractory TAK showed satisfying efficacy and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartorelli
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Papa
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fallanca
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Picchio
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Cavalli
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco De Cobelli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Baldissera
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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19
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Alibaz-Oner F, Kaymaz-Tahra S, Bayındır Ö, Yazici A, Ince B, Kalkan K, Kanıtez NA, Kocaer SB, Yasar Bilge NS, Omma A, Durak E, Ilgın C, Akar S, Kaşifoğlu T, Önen F, Emmungil H, İnanç M, Cefle A, Aksu K, Keser G, Direskeneli H. Biologic treatments in Takayasu's Arteritis: A comparative study of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and tocilizumab. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1224-1229. [PMID: 34706312 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the treatment outcomes of TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with Takayasu arteritis. METHODS Takayasu arteritis patients who were refractory to conventional immunosuppressive (IS) drugs and received biologic treatment were included in this multicenter retrospective cohort study. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data during follow-up were recorded. Remission, glucocorticoid (GC) sparing effect, drug survival was compared between TNF inhibitor and TCZ treatments. Also, a subgroup matched comparison was performed between groups. RESULTS One hundred and eleven (F/M: 98/13) patients were enrolled. A total of 173 biologic treatment courses (77 infliximab, 49 TCZ, 33 adalimumab, 9 certolizumab, 3 rituximab, 1 ustekinumab and 1 anakinra) were given. Tocilizumab was chosen in 23 patients and TNF inhibitors were chosen in 88 patients as first-line biologic agent. Complete/partial remission rates between TCZ and TNF inhibitors were similar at 3rd month and at the end of the follow-up. GC dose decrease (≤4 mg) or discontinuation of GCs was achieved in a similar rate in both groups (TNF inhibitors vs TCZ: 78% vs 59%, p = 0.125). Drug survival rate was 56% in TNF inhibitors and 57% in TCZ group (p = 0.22). The use of concomitant conventional ISs did not affect the drug survival (HR =0.78, 95% CI =0.42-1.43, p = 0.42). The match analysis showed similar results between groups in terms of relapse, decrease in GC dose, surgery need and mortality. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety outcomes and drug survival rates seem to be similar for TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Alibaz-Oner
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sema Kaymaz-Tahra
- Sancaktepe Prof.Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özün Bayındır
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayten Yazici
- Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Kocaeli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Ince
- Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kübra Kalkan
- Trakya University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Alpay Kanıtez
- Koc University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Burcu Kocaer
- Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nazife Sule Yasar Bilge
- Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Omma
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Rheumatology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Durak
- Katip Celebi University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Can Ilgın
- Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Servet Akar
- Katip Celebi University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Timuçin Kaşifoğlu
- Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatoş Önen
- Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Emmungil
- Trakya University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Murat İnanç
- Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Cefle
- Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Kocaeli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Aksu
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Keser
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Haner Direskeneli
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tomelleri A, Campochiaro C, Sartorelli S, Baldassi F, Fallanca F, Picchio M, Baldissera E, Dagna L. Effectiveness and safety of infliximab dose escalation in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis: A real-life experience from a monocentric cohort. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:406-412. [PMID: 34894247 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate effectiveness and safety of infliximab dose escalation in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients. To identify factors associated with refractoriness to standard-dose infliximab. METHODS Medical records of infliximab-treated TAK patients from a large single-centre observational cohort were reviewed. Infliximab therapy duration, concomitant therapies, and reasons for dose escalation and therapy suspension were evaluated. Occurrence of adverse events was recorded. A comparison between patients who maintained infliximab standard-dose and those who needed dose-escalation was performed. Factors associated with refractoriness to standard dose were analysed. RESULTS Forty-one patients were included. Starting infliximab dose was 5 mg/kg 6-weekly and 28 patients (68%) needed dose escalation. Persistence/recurrence of clinical symptoms was the most frequent reason for escalation. Median therapy duration was 39 (IQR, 26-61) months in the standard-dose group and 68 (38-87) months in the intensified-dose group. In the intensified-dose-group, infliximab was suspended in eight patients (29%) after a median of 38 (31-71) months, due to loss of response (n = 7) or patient's request (n = 1). Patients in the intensified-dose group had a higher number of relapses (3.4 vs 0.8 events/patient) and received a higher cumulative steroid dose (1.7 [1.6-2.3] vs 1.3 [1-1.6] g/month of prednisone). Three patients from the intensified-dose group had serious infections; one patient from the standard-dose group developed paradoxical psoriasis. At univariate analysis, age at diagnosis and age at infliximab start were associated with infliximab escalation. CONCLUSION In TAK, dose escalation is safe and allows to optimise infliximab durability in refractory patients. Younger patients seem to be more refractory to standard dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartorelli
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Baldassi
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fallanca
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Picchio
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Baldissera
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Mekinian A, Biard L, Dagna L, Novikov P, Salvarani C, Espita O, Sciscia S, Michaud M, Lambert M, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Schleinitz N, Awisat A, Puéchal X, Aouba A, Pons HM, Smitienko I, Gaultier JB, Edwige LM, Benhamou Y, Perlat A, Jego P, Goulenok T, Sacre K, Lioger B, Nolan H, Broner J, Dufrost V, Sene T, Seguier J, Maurier F, Berthier S, Belot A, Frikha F, Denis G, Audemard-Verger A, Pault IK, Humbert S, Woaye-Hune P, Tomelleri A, Baldissera E, Kuwana M, Logullo A, Gaches F, Zeminsky P, Galli E, Alvarado M, Luigi PB, Francesco M, Vautier M, Campochiaro C, Moiseev S, Cacoub P, Fain O, Saadoun D. Efficacy and safety of TNF-α antagonists and tocilizumab in Takayasu arteritis: Multicenter retrospective study of 209 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1376-1384. [PMID: 34363461 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess safety and efficacy of TNF-α antagonists and tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). METHODS AND RESULTS Two-hundred nine patients with TAK [median age of 29 years [7-62], and 186 (89%) females] were included. They received either TNF-α antagonists [n = 132 (63%) with 172 lines; infliximab (n = 109), adalimumab (n = 45), golimumab (n = 8), certolizumab (n = 6) and etanercept (n = 5)], or tocilizumab [n = 77 (37%) with 121 lines; intravenous and subcutaneous in 95 and 26 cases, respectively]. A complete response at 6 months was evidenced in 101/152 (66%) on TNF-α antagonists and 75/107 (70%) on tocilizumab, respectively. Age ≥ 30 years [OR = 2.09 [1.09; 3.99]] was associated with complete response, whereas vascular signs [0.26 [0.1; 0.65]], baseline prednisone ≥ 20 mg/day [0.51 [0.28; 0.93]] were negatively associated with the complete response to TNF-α antagonists or tocilizumab. During a median follow-up of 36 months, 103 relapses were noted. Supra-aortic branches and thoracic aorta involvements [HR 2.44 (1.06; 5.65) and 3.66 (1.18; 11.4), respectively], and systemic signs at baseline [HR 2.01 (1.30; 3.11)] were significantly associated with relapse. The cumulative incidence of treatment discontinuation and relapse were similar in TNFα antagonists and tocilizumab. Fifty-eight (20%) adverse effects occurred on biological-targeted therapies of whom 37 (21%) and 21 (17%), (p= 0.4) on TNF-α antagonists and tocilizumab, respectively. CONCLUSION This large multicentre study shows high efficacy of biological-targeted treatments in refractory TAK. Efficacy, relapse and drug retention rate were equivalent with TNF-α antagonists and tocilizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsène Mekinian
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, service de médecine interne et Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU i3), Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Lucie Biard
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Service de Biostatistique et Information Médicale (DMU PRISME), INSERM U1153 Team ECSTRRA, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Pavel Novikov
- Tareev Clinic of Internal Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Unit of Rheumatology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Unit of Rheumatology, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Olivier Espita
- Service de Médecine Interne, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Savino Sciscia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Aosta Valley Network for Rare Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martin Michaud
- Médecine Interne, Hôpital Joseph Ducuing, Toulouse, 31076
| | - Marc Lambert
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Lille, Université Lille II, Lille, France
| | - José Hernández-Rodríguez
- Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
| | | | - Abid Awisat
- Rheumatology unit, Bnai Zion medical center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Xavier Puéchal
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Centre de référence maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares, service de médecine interne, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Achille Aouba
- Département de médecine interne, CHU, Caen, Caen, France
| | - Helene Munoz Pons
- Département de médecine interne, CHU, Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Ilya Smitienko
- Rheumatology department, Medical Center, Moscow, K-31, Russia
| | - Jean Baptiste Gaultier
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier universitaire de St Etienne, saint Etienne cedex 2, 42055, France
| | - Le Mouel Edwige
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Ygal Benhamou
- Service de médecine interne, Université Rouen, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | - Patrick Jego
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Tiphaine Goulenok
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Bichat, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, INSERM U1149, France
| | - Karim Sacre
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Bichat, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, INSERM U1149, France
| | | | - Hassold Nolan
- Service de Rhumatologie pédiatrique et centre de référence des maladies autoinflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire, CEREMAIA, hôpital de Bicêtre, APHP, France, université de Paris Sud-Saclay
| | | | - Virginie Dufrost
- University of Lorraine, Inserm UMR_S 1116, CHRU de Nancy, Vascular Medicine Division and Regional Competence Center for Rare Vascular and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Thomas Sene
- Service de médecine interne, Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Julie Seguier
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Francois Maurier
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique Groupe Hospitalier UNEOS Metz-Vantoux, France
| | - Sabine Berthier
- Service de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, Université Dijon, Hôpital Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Service de pédiatrie et immunologie clinique, Université Lyon, Hôpital Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Faten Frikha
- Service de Médecine interne CHU Hédi Chaker, Route El Ain, Sfax -Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, 3029, Tunisie
| | - Guillaume Denis
- Service de médecine et d'hématologie, Hopital Rochefort, Rochefort, France
| | | | - Isabelle Kone Pault
- Service de Rhumatologie pédiatrique et centre de référence des maladies autoinflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire, CEREMAIA, hôpital de Bicêtre, APHP, France, université de Paris Sud-Saclay
| | - Sebastien Humbert
- Service de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, Hôpital Besancon, Besancon, France
| | | | - Alessandro Tomelleri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Baldissera
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alberto Logullo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Ospedale Piemonte, Messina, Italy
| | - Francis Gaches
- Médecine Interne, Hôpital Joseph Ducuing, Toulouse, 31076
| | - Pierre Zeminsky
- University of Lorraine, Inserm UMR_S 1116, CHRU de Nancy, Vascular Medicine Division and Regional Competence Center for Rare Vascular and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Elena Galli
- Unit of Rheumatology, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Moya Alvarado
- Unit of Rheumatology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Mathieu Vautier
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Service de Biostatistique et Information Médicale (DMU PRISME), INSERM U1153 Team ECSTRRA, Paris, France
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergey Moiseev
- Tareev Clinic of Internal Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Patrice Cacoub
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology France, Centre national de référence maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques rares, Centre national de référence maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose, and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU i3), Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Olivier Fain
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, service de médecine interne et Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU i3), Paris, F-75012, France
| | - David Saadoun
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology France, Centre national de référence maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques rares, Centre national de référence maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose, and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU i3), Paris, F-75013, France
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Wu S, Kong X, Cui X, Chen H, Ma L, Dai X, Ji Z, Yan Y, Huang Q, Sun Y, Jiang L. Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory or severe Takayasu's arteritis: A prospective cohort study in a Chinese population. Joint Bone Spine 2021; 88:105186. [PMID: 33892193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) in treating severe/refractory Takayasu's arteritis (TAK). METHODS A prospective cohort study was started on 1 November 2013 and terminated on 10 June 2020. Thirty-seven patients diagnosed as severe/refractory TAK, treated with TCZ combined with or without immunosuppressors were enrolled. Treatment response (complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR)), imaging progression and side effects were analyzed at 6-month treatment. Disease flare was analyzed during the remaining follow-up. RESULTS The CR and RR rates were 70% and 88% at 6 months of TCZ treatment, respectively. Glucocorticoids was tapered from 30.0 (20.0-40.0) to 15.0 (10.0-15.0) mg/day at 6 months. Younger patients (≤26 years) (OR=14.6, 95% CI 1.27-170.4, P<0.05) and those with involvement of bilateral carotid arteries or vertebral arteries (OR=14.6, 95% CI 1.27-169.1, P<0.05) might show a better response to TCZ at 6 months. Combined therapy of immunosuppressors had no significant effects on the effectiveness of TCZ at 6 months. Among the total 23 patients with CR at 6 months, 14 cases discontinued TCZ therapy after 6 months, and disease flare was observed in six ones (43%), with medium flare at 7 (7-9.8) months. One patient (11%) who continued TCZ therapy suffered disease flare at 8 months. Infections were the most commonly observed side effects (38%), with four patients discontinuing TCZ treatment due to severe infections. CONCLUSION TCZ treatment achieved a favorable response with acceptable adverse effects for TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Wu
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Kong
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Cui
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Ma
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Evidence-base Medicine Center, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Dai
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongfei Ji
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Departments of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180, Fenglin Road, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Evidence-base Medicine Center, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Wu C, Sun Y, Cui X, Wu S, Ma L, Chen H, Yan Y, Ji Z, Liu Y, Lin J, Lv P, Chen R, Yang P, Jiang L. Effectiveness and safety of methotrexate versus leflunomide in 12-month treatment for Takayasu arteritis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320975233. [PMID: 33294149 PMCID: PMC7705767 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320975233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The study investigates the effectiveness and safety of methotrexate (MTX)
versus leflunomide (LEF) in 12-month treatment of
Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Methods: This was a cohort study. Patients diagnosed with TAK between 1 January 2013
and 1 January 2019 were enrolled from First Hospital of China Medical
University and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. Patients had active
disease and were treated with glucocorticoid combined with LEF or MTX.
Treatment response, imaging assessment and side-effects were evaluated
during 12-month follow-up. Results: In total, 68 patients were enrolled (40 cases treated with LEF and 28 treated
with MTX). At baseline, age, sex, disease duration and disease activity
index showed no significant differences between groups. Prevalence of
complete remission (CR) at 6 months was significantly higher in the LEF
group than that in the MTX group (LEF versus MTX: 72.50%
versus 53.57%, p = 0.04), though the
CR prevalence at 9 months and 12 months showed no significant differences
between groups. At 9 months, the prevalence of treatment resistance was much
lower in the LEF group compared with MTX group (5.41%
versus 11.54%, p = 0.03). Furthermore,
prevalence of disease relapse in the LEF group was lower than that in MTX
group at 12 months (7.24% versus 16.67%,
p = 0.03). Patients with high baseline C-reactive protein
levels (⩾15 mg/L) carried a higher risk of treatment resistance (OR = 1.36,
95% CI 1.07–13.41, p = 0.06) and disease relapse
(HR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.36–12.98, p = 0.04). Conclusion: LEF might provide a quicker treatment response with lower prevalence of
disease relapse compared with that elicited in MTX during 12 months
follow-up for TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Cui
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Sifan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lili Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zongfei Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lv
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Rongyi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China Centre of Evidence-based Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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