Cognitive impairment in the immune-mediated inflammatory diseases compared with age-matched controls: Systematic review and meta-regression

The association between arthritis and cognitive function impairment in the older adults: Based on the NHANES 2011-2014

OBJECTIVE

Arthritis has been postulated as a prevalent potential risk factor for the emergence of dementia and cognitive impairment. This conjecture prompted an examination of the correlation between arthritis and cognitive impairment using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) repository. The analysis was meticulously adjusted for potential confounders such as age and assorted systemic comorbidities, to ensure robustness in the results obtained.

METHODS

Among 2,398 adults aged 60 years and above, logistic regression and cubic spline models were employed to elucidate the relationship between arthritis and cognitive performance. This was assessed utilizing tests such as Immediate Recall test (IRT), Delayed Recall test (DRT), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST).

RESULTS

In our investigation, a total of 19931 individuals were analyzed, among which 2,398 patients (12.03%) were identified with arthritis. Subjects with arthritis inflammation had lower DSST and AFT scores compared to the healthy group, indicating cognitive decline. After adjusting for all covariates, arthritis was significantly associated with higher DSST and AFT scores by logistic regression modeling (OR: 0.796, 95% CI: 0.649-0.975; OR: 0.769, 95% CI: 0.611-0.968).

CONCLUSION

Our analysis underscores the potential linkage between arthritis prevalence and cognitive impairment within a nationally representative of US older adults.

Do Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis Have an Impact on Cognitive Decline-Latest Research Review

BACKGROUND

Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are chronic skin diseases that affect the mental health of patients. The relationship between AD and psoriasis and cognitive processes in patients remains unclear. The aim of the review was to answer the question of whether AD and psoriasis have an impact on cognitive decline in patients.

METHOD

A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and EBSCO to identify case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies that evaluated the association between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and cognitive impairment.

RESULTS

Most of the studies included in the review confirmed cognitive decline in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

CONCLUSIONS

It seems that atopic dermatitis and psoriasis may negatively affect cognitive processes such as working memory, concentration, attention, and speed of motor reactions. Psychological interventions targeting distorted cognitive processing could improve the quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Cognitive Impairment and Depression in Mastocytosis: A Synthesis of the Literature

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Symptoms of depression and cognitive dysfunction are commonly reported in mastocytosis. The aims of this review paper are to summarize the current literature on cognitive dysfunction and depressive symptoms, elucidate some of the mechanistic pathways underlying depressive symptoms in mastocytosis, identify gaps in the literature, and offer guidance for future research in this area.

RECENT FINDINGS

The study of cognition and depression in mastocytosis is in its infancy and the methodological flaws of the current literature limit interpretability. There is preliminary evidence that some individuals with mastocytosis might experience mild deficits in memory. On average, depression symptom scores fell within the mild to moderate or sub-syndromal range. Regrettably, only one study utilized a standardized diagnostic instrument to assess major depressive disorder. The authors' tendency to inaccurately equate depressive symptoms with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder presents a notable issue. The prevalence of cognitive deficits and depression appears to be similar to other chronic illnesses. Future work needs to better characterize cognition and characterize "depression" in this population.

Cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with disease activity and oxidative stress: a comparative study with rheumatoid arthritis for identifying biomarkers

BACKGROUND

The prevalence and pathophysiological mechanisms of cognitive deficits (CD) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are very heterogeneous and poorly understood. We characterized CD in patients with SLE compared with RA patients and healthy controls. We compared the neuropsychological profile of SLE and RA with patients' oxidative/inflammatory biomarkers for CD.

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional study, including 50 SLE patients, 29 RA patients, and 32 healthy controls. SLEDAI and DAS28 assessed disease activity. SF-36 questionnaire and a battery of cognitive tests were applied to all participants. Blood samples were collected to determine IL-6, S100ß, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) alterations.

RESULTS

In the SLE group, higher GSH was associated with the absence of CD (With CD = 69 ± 49, Without CD = 112 ± 81, p = 0.030), while higher IL-6 was associated with the presence of CD in the RA group (With CD = 603 ± 173, Without CD = 431 ± 162, p = 0.032). Regarding specific cognitive domains, in SLE higher MPO was associated with poor performance in reasoning and abstraction (p = 0.039), higher IL-6 was associated with poor performance in inhibitory control and attention (p = 0.031), and higher GSH was associated with better performance in memory(p = 0.021). Higher SLEDAI was associated with poor performance in semantic fluency(p = 0.031), inhibitory control, and attention in the SLE group(p = 0.037). In the RA group, higher DAS-28 was associated with poor performance in executive functions(p = 0.016) and phonemic fluency (p = 0.003).

CONCLUSION

SLE patients' disease activity, inflammatory state, and oxidative stress were associated with CD. In RA patients, CD was associated with disease activity and inflammatory state. These results encourage further studies with larger samples aiming to confirm oxidative stress parameters as biomarkers of CD in SLE patients.

Beyond expectations: disease duration and psychological burden in psoriatic arthritis

This study aims to investigate the relationship between disease duration and psychological burden in PsA and to identify the risk factors associated with psychological distress. Patients with PsA who met CASPAR classification criteria enrolled by Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR)-Network. Patients were categorized into three groups based on disease duration: early stage (< 5 years), middle stage (≥ 5, < 10 years), and late stage (≥ 10 years). All patients underwent clinical and laboratory assessment using standardized protocol and case report forms. The associations between psychological variables and clinical parameters were assessed by a multivariate analysis. Of the 1113 patients with PsA (63.9% female), 564 (%50.7) had high risk for depression and 263 (%23.6) for anxiety. The risk of psychological burden was similar across all PsA groups, and patients with a higher risk of depression and anxiety also experienced greater disease activity, poorer quality of life, and physical disability. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that female gender (OR = 1.52), PsAQoL (OR = 1.13), HAQ (OR = 1.99), FiRST score (OR = 1.14), unemployment/retired (OR = 1.48) and PASI head score (OR = 1.41) were factors that influenced the risk of depression, whereas the current or past enthesitis (OR = 1.45), PsAQoL (OR = 1.19), and FiRST score (OR = 1.26) were factors that influenced the risk of anxiety. PsA patients can experience a comparable level of psychological burden throughout the course of their disease. Several socio-demographic and disease-related factors may contribute to mental disorders in PsA. In the present era of personalized treatment for PsA, evaluating psychiatric distress can guide tailored interventions that improve overall well-being and reduce disease burden.