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Wei Y, Zheng L, Yang X, Luo Y, Yi C, Gou H. Identification of Immune Subtypes and Candidate mRNA Vaccine Antigens in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist 2023; 28:e1052-e1064. [PMID: 37399175 PMCID: PMC10628581 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promising outcomes in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but not all patients benefit from it. Thus, developing precise treatments for SCLC is a particularly urgent need. In our study, we constructed a novel phenotype for SCLC based on immune signatures. METHODS We clustered patients with SCLC hierarchically in 3 publicly available datasets according to the immune signatures. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm were used to evaluate the components of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we identified potential mRNA vaccine antigens for patients with SCLC, and qRT-PCR were performed to detect the gene expression. RESULTS We identified 2 SCLC subtypes and named Immunity High (Immunity_H) and Immunity Low (Immunity_L). Meanwhile, we obtained generally consistent results by analyzing different datasets, suggesting that this classification was reliable. Immunity_H contained the higher number of immune cells and a better prognosis compared to Immunity_L. Gene-set enrichment analysis revealed that several immune-related pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, programmed cell death-Ligand 1 expression and programmed cell death-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer were hyperactivated in the Immunity_H. However, most of the pathways enriched in the Immunity_L were not associated with immunity. Furthermore, we identified 5 potential mRNA vaccine antigens of SCLC (NEK2, NOL4, RALYL, SH3GL2, and ZIC2), and they were expressed higher in Immunity_L, it indicated that Immunity_L maybe more suitable for tumor vaccine development. CONCLUSIONS SCLC can be divided into Immunity_H and Immunity_L subtypes. Immunity_H may be more suitable for treatment with ICIs. NEK2, NOL4, RALYL, SH3GL2, and ZIC2 may be act as potential antigens for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingnan Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongfeng Gou
- Gastric Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Li T, Giaccone G. Advances in biology and novel treatments of SCLC. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 96:1-2. [PMID: 37611726 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Giuseppe Giaccone
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.
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Wang M, Zhu L, Yang X, Li J, Liu Y, Tang Y. Targeting immune cell types of tumor microenvironment to overcome resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1132158. [PMID: 36874015 PMCID: PMC9974851 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1132158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the common malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate. Lung cancer patients have achieved benefits from immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy. Unfortunately, cancer patients acquire adaptive immune resistance, leading to poor prognosis. Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been demonstrated to play a critical role in participating in acquired adaptive immune resistance. TME is associated with molecular heterogeneity of immunotherapy efficacy in lung cancer. In this article, we discuss how immune cell types of TME are correlated with immunotherapy in lung cancer. Moreover, we describe the efficacy of immunotherapy in driven gene mutations in lung cancer, including KRAS, TP53, EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KEAP1, ZFHX3, PTCH1, PAK7, UBE3A, TNF-α, NOTCH, LRP1B, FBXW7, and STK11. We also emphasize that modulation of immune cell types of TME could be a promising strategy for improving adaptive immune resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Brown J, Li Z, Wang X, Kim YJ, Wang YC, Zuo Y, Hong W, Wang P, Li B, Yang L. Nanoformulation improves antitumor efficacy of MAOI immune checkpoint blockade therapy without causing aggression-related side effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970324. [PMID: 36120311 PMCID: PMC9475110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MAOIs, a well-established class of antidepressant that operate through the inhibition of monoamine oxidase to increase available serotonin, have recently been identified as a surprisingly effective candidate for the circumvention of tumor-induced immune suppression due to their abilities to enhance antitumor T cell activity through autocrine serotonin signaling and depolarize alternatively activated tumor-associated macrophages through a reduction in reactive oxygen species production. However, this impressive class of antidepressants-turned-cancer-drugs can induce aggressive behavioral side effects when administered in immunotherapeutic doses. In this study, we investigated the possibility of avoiding these neurological side effects while simultaneously improving antitumor activity by establishing crosslinked multilamellar liposomal vesicles (cMLVs) containing the MAOI phenelzine (PLZ). Our results showed that cMLV-PLZ treatment increases antitumor efficacy in a B16-OVA mouse melanoma model compared to treatment with free phenelzine. We also found that nanoformulation resulted in the complete elimination of MAOI-related aggression. These findings suggest a promising direction for the future of MAOIs repurposed for cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yu Jeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yanning Zuo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Weizhe Hong
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Lili Yang,
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Lili Yang,
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