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Yang L, Wang L, Bao E, Wang J, Zhu P. Causal association of dietary factors with five common cancers: univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization studies. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1428844. [PMID: 39135550 PMCID: PMC11317396 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Daily dietary habits are closely related to human health, and long-term unhealthy dietary intake, such as excessive consumption of alcohol and pickled foods, may promote the development of cancers. However, comprehensive research on the causal relationship between dietary habits and cancer is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the potential causal link between dietary risk factors and the prognosis of cancer-related to genetic susceptibility. Methods GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) summary data on dietary habits and five common types of cancer and their pathological subtypes were obtained from the UK Biobank and various cancer association consortia. A univariable two-sample Mendelian randomization (UVMR) and FDR correction analysis was conducted to explore the causal relationships between 45 dietary habits and five common types of cancer and their histopathological subtypes. In addition, multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis (MVMR) was performed to adjust for traditional risk factors for dietary habits, and the direct or indirect effects of diet on cancer were evaluated. Finally, the prognostic impact of selected instrumental variables on cancer was analyzed using an online data platform. Results In the UVMR analysis, four dietary habits were identified as risk factors for cancer, while five dietary habits were identified as protective factors. Among the latter, one dietary habit showed a significant association with cancer even after FDR correction, indicating a potential causal relationship. The MVMR analysis revealed that weekly beer and cider intake, may act as an independent risk factor for cancer development. Other causal associations between dietary habits and cancer risk may be mediated by intermediate factors. In the prognostic analysis, the SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) of average weekly beer and cider intake were set as independent risk factors and were found to significantly impact overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in lung cancer. Conclusion This causal relationship study supports the notion that adjusting daily dietary habits and specific dietary interventions may decrease the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Erhao Bao
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Dazhou, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Xichong County, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Pingyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Yo S, Matsumoto H, Gu T, Sasahira M, Oosawa M, Handa O, Umegaki E, Shiotani A. Exercise Affects Mucosa-Associated Microbiota and Colonic Tumor Formation Induced by Azoxymethane in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Microorganisms 2024; 12:957. [PMID: 38792787 PMCID: PMC11124473 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The only reliable factor that reduces the risk of colorectal carcinogenesis is physical activity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of physical activity against gut microbiota, including mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) on azoxymethane-induced colorectal tumors in obese mice. We divided the subjects into four groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), ND + exercise (Ex), and HFD + Ex groups. The Ex group performed treadmill exercise for 20 weeks. Thereafter, fecal and colonic mucus samples were extracted for microbiota analysis. DNA was collected from feces and colonic mucosa, and V3-V4 amplicon sequencing analysis of the 16SrRNA gene was performed using MiSeq. The HFD group had significantly more colonic polyps than the ND group (ND 6.5 ± 1.3, HFD 11.4 ± 1.5, p < 0.001), and the addition of Ex suppressed the number of colonic polyps in ND and HFD groups (ND 6.5 ± 1.3, ND + Ex 2.8 ± 2.5, p < 0.05). The HFD group showed significantly lower concentrations of succinic, acetic, butyric, and propionic acids (mg/g) in feces, compared with the ND group (succinic acid HFD 0.59, ND 0.17; acetic acid HFD 0.63, ND 2.41; propionic acid HFD 0.10, ND 0.47; and N-butyric acid HFD 0.31, ND 0.93). In the case of ND, succinic acid and butyric acid tended to decrease with Ex (succinic acid ND 0.17, ND + Ex 0.12; N-butyric acid ND 0.93, ND + Ex 0.74 0.74). Succinic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid levels in feces were significantly lower in the HFD group than in the ND group; in both feces and mucus samples, Butyricicoccus and Lactobacillus levels were significantly lower in the HFD group. Akkermansia was significantly increased in ND + Ex and HFD + Ex groups. Diet and exercise affected the number of colorectal tumors. Furthermore, diet and exercise alter intestinal MAM, which may be involved in colorectal tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama 701-0192, Japan; (S.Y.); (T.G.); (M.S.); (M.O.); (O.H.); (E.U.); (A.S.)
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Cerón-Solano G, Pacheco-López R, Hernández-Ordoñez R, Covarrubias-Noriega A, Vázquez-Morales L, Morin JP. The effect of liposuction versus liposuction with abdominoplasty on insulin resistance in normoglycemic non-obese Mexican females: A prospective cohort study. Cir Esp 2024; 102:194-201. [PMID: 38242232 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have evaluated the effect of liposuction or abdominoplasty on metabolic health, including insulin resistance, with mixed results. Many overweight patients, with no marked obesity, are recommended to undergo liposuction combined with abdominoplasty, but no study has evaluated the effectiveness of combining the two procedures on metabolic health. METHODS The present prospective cohort study compares the metabolic parameters of 2 groups of normoglycemic Hispanic women without obesity. The first group underwent liposuction only (LIPO), while the second group had combined liposuction and abdominoplasty (LIPO + ABDO). RESULTS A total of 31 patients were evaluated, including 13 in the LIPO group and 18 in the LIPO + ABDO group. The 2 groups had similar HOMA-IR before surgery (P > 0.72). When tested 60 days after surgery, women in the LIPO group had similar HOMA-IR compared to their preoperative levels (2.98 ± 0.4 vs 2.70 ± 0.3; P > .20). However, the LIPO+ABDO group showed significantly reduced HOMA-IR values compared to their preoperative levels (2.37 ± 0.2 vs 1.73 ± 0.1; P < .001). In this group, this decrease also positively correlated with their preoperative HOMA-IR (Spearman r = 0.72; P < .001) and, interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between the age of the subjects and the drop in HOMA-IR after surgery (Spearman r = -0.56; P < .05). No changes were observed in the other biochemical parameters that were assessed. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that, when combined with abdominoplasty, liposuction does improve insulin resistance in healthy Hispanic females. More studies are warranted to address this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cerón-Solano
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Pacheco-López
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rubén Hernández-Ordoñez
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Lya Vázquez-Morales
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jean-Pascal Morin
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Wang C. Role of epidural fat in the local milieu: what we know and what we don't. Connect Tissue Res 2024; 65:102-116. [PMID: 38493368 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2024.2329871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Traditionally, the epidural fat (EF) is known as a physical buffer for the dural sac against the force and a lubricant facilitating the relative motion of the latter on the osseous spine. Along with the development of the studies on EF, controversies still exist on vital questions, such as the underlying mechanism of the spinal epidural lipomatosis. Meanwhile, the scattered and fragmented researches hinder the global insight into the seemingly dispensable tissue. METHODS Herein, we reviewed literature on the EF and its derivatives to elucidate the dynamic change and complex function of EF in the local milieu, especially at the pathophysiological conditions. We start with an introduction to EF and the current pathogenic landscape, emphasizing the interlink between the EF and adjacent structures. We generally categorize the major pathological changes of the EF into hypertrophy, atrophy, and inflammation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS It is acknowledged that not only the EF (or its cellular components) may be influenced by various endogenic/exogenic and focal/systematic stimuli, but the adjacent structures can also in turn be affected by the EF, which may be a hidden pathogenic clue for specific spinal disease. Meanwhile, the unrevealed sections, which are also the directions the future research, are proposed according to the objective result and rational inference. Further effort should be taken to reveal the underlying mechanism and develop novel therapeutic pathways for the relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yida Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuexiao Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Martínez-Herrera BE, Muñoz-García MG, José-Ochoa LL, Quiroga-Morales LA, Cervántes-González LM, Mireles-Ramírez MA, Delgadillo-Cristerna R, Nuño-Guzmán CM, Leal-Cortés CA, Portilla-de-Buen E, Hernández BT, Gómez-Sánchez E, Velázquez-Flores MC, Salazar-Páramo M, Ochoa-Plascencia MR, Sat-Muñoz D, Balderas-Peña LMA. Role of Incretins in Muscle Functionality, Metabolism, and Body Composition in Breast Cancer: A Metabolic Approach to Understanding This Pathology. Biomedicines 2024; 12:280. [PMID: 38397883 PMCID: PMC10886934 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A poorly studied issue in women with breast cancer is the role of incretins (GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1)) in the quantity and quality of muscle mass in lean and obese individuals. The current report aims to analyze the patterns of association and the role of incretin in muscle functionality and body composition in women with cancer compared with healthy women (mammography BI-RADS I or II) to elucidate whether GIP and GLP-1 can be used to estimate the risk, in conjunction with overweight or obesity, for breast cancer. We designed a case-control study in women with a breast cancer diagnosis confirmed by biopsy in different clinical stages (CS; n = 87) and healthy women with a mastography BI-RADS I or II within the last year (n = 69). The women were grouped according to body mass index (BMI): lean (<25 kg/m2BS), overweight (≥25-<30 kg/m2BS), and obese (≥30 kg/m2BS). We found that GLP-1 and GIP levels over 18 pg/mL were associated with a risk of breast cancer (GIP OR = 36.5 and GLP-1 OR = 4.16, for the entire sample), particularly in obese women (GIP OR = 8.8 and GLP-1 OR = 6.5), and coincidentally with low muscle quality indexes, showed an association between obesity, cancer, incretin defects, and loss of muscle functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda-Eugenia Martínez-Herrera
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Hospital General de Zona #1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, OOAD Aguascalientes, Boulevard José María Chavez #1202, Fracc, Lindavista, Aguascalientes 20270, Mexico
| | - Michelle-Guadalupe Muñoz-García
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano y Partero, Coordinación de Servicio Social, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Becaria de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud Mexico, Comisión Interinstitucional de Formación de Recursos Humanos en Salud, Programa Nacional de Servicio Social en Investigación 2021, Demarcación Territorial Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11410, Mexico
| | - Laura-Liliana José-Ochoa
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano y Partero, Coordinación de Servicio Social, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Luis-Aarón Quiroga-Morales
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Clínica de Rehabilitación y Alto Rendimiento ESPORTIVA, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Mexico
| | - Luz-María Cervántes-González
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano y Partero, Coordinación de Servicio Social, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Becaria de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud Mexico, Comisión Interinstitucional de Formación de Recursos Humanos en Salud, Programa Nacional de Servicio Social en Investigación 2021, Demarcación Territorial Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11410, Mexico
| | - Mario-Alberto Mireles-Ramírez
- División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Raúl Delgadillo-Cristerna
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Departamento Clínico de Radiologia e Imágen, Hospital de Especialidades (HE), Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Carlos-M Nuño-Guzmán
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Departamento Clínico de Cirugía General, División de Cirugía, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Servicio de Cirugía General, OPD Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", 278 Hospital, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
- División de Disciplinas Clínicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Building N, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Caridad-Aurea Leal-Cortés
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Eliseo Portilla-de-Buen
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Trujillo Hernández
- Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad No. 333, Las Víboras, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Gómez-Sánchez
- División de Disciplinas Clínicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Building N, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Cuerpo Académico UDG CA-874 "Ciencias Morfológicas en el Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de la Enfermedad", 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Martha-Cecilia Velázquez-Flores
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Departamento Clínico de Anestesiología, División de Cirugía, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Mario Salazar-Páramo
- Academia de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building O, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Miguel-Ricardo Ochoa-Plascencia
- División de Disciplinas Clínicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Building N, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- OPD Hospital General de Zapopan, Calle Ramón Corona 500, Colonia Centro, Zapopan 45100, Mexico
| | - Daniel Sat-Muñoz
- Cuerpo Académico UDG CA-874 "Ciencias Morfológicas en el Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de la Enfermedad", 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Comité de Cabeza y Cuello, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Departamento Clínico de Oncología Quirúrgica, División de Oncología Hematología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Luz-Ma-Adriana Balderas-Peña
- Cuerpo Académico UDG CA-874 "Ciencias Morfológicas en el Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de la Enfermedad", 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), 950 Sierra Mojada, Gate 7, Building C, 1st Level, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 (UIBM 02), Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades (HE), Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), 1000 Belisario Domínguez, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
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Qian H, Zuo Y, Wen S, Wang X, Liu Y, Li T. Impact of exercise training on gut microbiome imbalance in obese individuals: a study based on Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1264931. [PMID: 38235382 PMCID: PMC10792044 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1264931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between exercise and gut Microbiome and to assess its possible causality. Methods: Using Mendelian randomization (MR) research methods, we collected genetic data from different populations, including genetic variants associated with relative abundance or presence of microbial taxa as instrumental variables. At the same time, we extracted results related to obesity and gut Microbiome from existing relevant studies and used inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression to assess the causal relationship between obesity and gut Microbiome. We plotted forest plots and scatter plots of the association between obesity and gut Microbiome. Results: Gut Microbiome was positively associated with obesity, and four bacterial genera (Akkermansia, RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania, and Intestinimonas) were associated with obesity according to inverse variance-weighted estimation in at least one MR method. Inverse variance weighted estimation showed that obesity was associated with obesity in Akkermansia (OR = 0.810, 95% CI 0.608-1.079, p = 0.04), RuminococcaceaeUCG011 (OR = 1.238, 95% CI 0. 511-2.999, p = 0.04), Holdemania Intestinimonas (OR = 1.214, 95% CI 1.002-1.470, p = 0.03), and Intestinimonas (OR = 0.747, 95% CI 0.514-1.086, p = 0.01) had a relevant effect. Obesity decreased the abundance of Akkermansia, Intestinimonas microbiome and increased the abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania microbiome. Conclusion: The results of this study, conducted using a two-sample Mendelian randomization method, suggest a causal relationship between obesity and intestinal microbiome. Obesity decreased the abundance of Akkermansia, Intestinimonas microbiome and increased the abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania microbiome. More randomized controlled trials are necessary to elucidate the protective effects of exercise on gut Microbiome and its unique protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Qian
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxin Zuo
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shixiong Wen
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaowen Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tianwei Li
- The University of Edinburgh, Physical Activity for Health Research Center, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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