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Yi Q, Zhu G, Zhu W, Wang J, Ouyang X, Yang K, Fan Y, Zhong J. LINC01094: A key long non-coding RNA in the regulation of cancer progression and therapeutic targets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37527. [PMID: 39309878 PMCID: PMC11415682 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
LINC01094 is a long non-coding RNA that plays a crucial role in cancer progression by modulating key signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β Signaling Pathway Feedback Loop. In this review we summarize the recent research on the functional mechanisms of LINC01094 in various cancers, including its impact on tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting LINC01094 and highlight the current strategies and challenges in this area. Perspectives on future development of LINC01094-based therapies are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Gangfeng Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Weijian Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Xinting Ouyang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Yu Fan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Jinghua Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
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Sun J, Baker JR, Russell CC, Pham HNT, Goldsmith CD, Cossar PJ, Sakoff JA, Scarlett CJ, McCluskey A. Novel piperazine-1,2,3-triazole leads for the potential treatment of pancreatic cancer. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2246-2267. [PMID: 37974967 PMCID: PMC10650957 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
From lead 1, (N-(4-((4-(3-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)-phenyl)acetamide), a S100A2-p53 protein-protein interaction inhibitor based on an in silico modelling driven hypothesis, four focused libraries were designed and synthesised. Growth inhibition screening was performed against 16 human cancer cell lines including the pancreatic cell lines MiaPaCa2, BxPC3, AsPC-1, Capan-2, HPAC, PANC-1 and the drug resistant CFPAC1. Modification of 1's phenylacetamide moiety, gave Library 1 with only modest pancreatic cancer activity. Modification of the 3-OCH3Ph moiety (Library 2) gave 4-CH3 (26), 4-CH2CH3 (27), 4-CF3 (31) and 4-NO2 (32) with sterically bulky groups more active. A 4-CF3 acetamide replacement enhanced cytotoxicity (Library 3). The 4-C(CH3)336 resulted in a predicted steric clash in the S100A2-p53 binding groove, with a potency decrease. Alkyl moieties afforded more potent analogues, 34 (4-CH3) and 35 (CH2CH3), a trend evident against pancreatic cancer: GI50 3.7 (35; BxPC-3) to 18 (40; AsPC-1) μM. Library 4 analogues with a 2-CF3 and 3-CF3 benzenesulfonamide moiety were less active than the corresponding Library 3 analogues. Two additional analogues were designed: 51 (4-CF3; 4-OCH3) and 52 (4-CF3; 2-OCH3) revealed 52 to be 10-20 fold more active than 51, against the pancreatic cancer cell lines examined with sub-micromolar GI50 values 0.43 (HPAC) to 0.61 μM (PANC-1). MOE calculated binding scores for each pose are also consistent with the observed biological activity with 52. The obtained SAR data is consistent with the proposed interaction within the S100A2-p53 bonding groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Sun
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
- Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003 China
| | - Jennifer R Baker
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Cecilia C Russell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Hong N T Pham
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital Edith Street Waratah NSW 2298 Australia
| | - Chloe D Goldsmith
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital Edith Street Waratah NSW 2298 Australia
| | - Peter J Cossar
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Jennette A Sakoff
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital Edith Street Waratah NSW 2298 Australia
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle Ourimbah NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
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Sokhi S, Lewis CW, Bukhari AB, Hadfield J, Xiao EJ, Fung J, Yoon YJ, Hsu WH, Gamper AM, Chan GK. Myt1 overexpression mediates resistance to cell cycle and DNA damage checkpoint kinase inhibitors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1270542. [PMID: 38020882 PMCID: PMC10652759 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1270542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoint kinases serve as important therapeutic targets for various cancers. When they are inhibited by small molecules, checkpoint abrogation can induce cell death or further sensitize cancer cells to other genotoxic therapies. Particularly aberrant Cdk1 activation at the G2/M checkpoint by kinase inhibitors causing unscheduled mitotic entry and mitotic arrest was found to lead to DNA damage and cell death selectively in cancer cells. Promising drugs inhibiting kinases like Wee1 (Adavosertib), Wee1+Myt1 (PD166285), ATR (AZD6738) and Chk1 (UCN-01) have been developed, but clinical data has shown variable efficacy for them with poorly understood mechanisms of resistance. Our lab recently identified Myt1 as a predictive biomarker of acquired resistance to the Wee1 kinase inhibitor, Adavosertib. Here, we investigate the role of Myt1 overexpression in promoting resistance to inhibitors (PD166285, UCN-01 and AZD6738) of other kinases regulating cell cycle progression. We demonstrate that Myt1 confers resistance by compensating Cdk1 inhibition in the presence of these different kinase inhibitors. Myt1 overexpression leads to reduced premature mitotic entry and decreased length of mitosis eventually leading to increased survival rates in Adavosertib treated cells. Elevated Myt1 levels also conferred resistance to inhibitors of ATR or Chk1 inhibitor. Our data supports that Myt1 overexpression is a common mechanism by which cancer cells can acquire resistance to a variety of drugs entering the clinic that aim to induce mitotic catastrophe by abrogating the G2/M checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sargun Sokhi
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cody W. Lewis
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amirali B. Bukhari
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Joanne Hadfield
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edric J. Xiao
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremy Fung
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yea Jin Yoon
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wen-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Armin M. Gamper
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gordon K. Chan
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Wang C, Tan G, Zhang J, Fan B, Chen Y, Chen D, Yang L, Chen X, Duan Q, Maimaiti F, Du J, Lin Z, Gu J, Luo H. Neoadjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Where Do We Go? Front Oncol 2022; 12:828223. [PMID: 35785193 PMCID: PMC9245892 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.828223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been on the rise in recent years; however, its clinical diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. Although surgical resection remains the only chance for long-term patient survival, the likelihood of initial resectability is no higher than 20%. Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in PDAC aims to transform the proportion of inoperable PDACs into operable cases and reduce the likelihood of recurrence to improve overall survival. Ongoing phase 3 clinical trial aims to validate the role of NAT in PDAC therapy, including prolongation of survival, increased R0 resection, and a higher proportion of negative lymph nodes. Controversies surrounding the role of NAT in PDAC treatment include applicability to different stages of PDAC, chemotherapy regimens, radiation, duration of treatment, and assessment of effect. This review aims to summarize the current progress and controversies of NAT in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guang Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Northwest University (Xi’an No. 1 Hospital), Xi’an, China
| | - Yunlong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingzhu Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Feiliyan Maimaiti
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhikun Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiangning Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Luo, ; Jiangning Gu,
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Luo, ; Jiangning Gu,
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3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylsulfonamides, a novel pancreatic cancer active lead. Investigation of the terminal aromatic moiety. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 61:128591. [PMID: 35114371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Virtual screening identified N-(6-((4-bromobenzyl)amino)hexyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (1) a lead compound that bound to the S100A2-p53 binding groove. S100A2 is a Ca2+ binding protein with implications in cell signaling and is known to be upregulated in pancreatic cancer. It is a validated pancreatic cancer drug target. Lead 1, inhibited the growth of the MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line (GI50 = 2.97 μM). Focused compound libraries were developed to explore the SAR of this compound class with 4 libraries and 43 compounds total. Focused library (Library 1) development identified lipophillic sulfonamides as preferred for MiaPaCa-2 activity, with -CF3 and -C(CH3)3 substituents well tolerated (MiaPaCa-2 GI50 < 6 μM). Contraction of the hexylamino spacer to ethyl (Library 2) and propyl (Library 3) proved beneficial to activity against a broad spectrum panel of cancer cell lines: HT29 (lung), MCF-7 (breast), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (colon), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2-C (neuroblastoma), U87 and SJ-G2 (glioblastoma) (cohort-1); and a pancreatic cancer cell line panel: MiaPaCa-2, BxPC-3, AsPC-1, Capan-2, HPAC and PANC-1 (cohort-2). With a marked preference for a propyl linker the observed GI50 values ranged from 1.4 - 18 μM against cohort-1 and 1.4-18 μM against cohort-2 cell lines. In Library 4 the terminal aromatic moiety was explored with 4-substituted analogues preferred (with activity of 48 (4-Cl) >47 (3-Cl) >46 (2-Cl)) against the cell lines examined. The introduction of bulky aromatic moieties was well tolerated, e.g. dihydrobenzo[b]1,4dioxine (51) returned cohort-2 GI50 values of 1.7 - 3.4 μM. In all instances the observed docked binding poses and binding scores were consistent with the observed cytotoxicity. This in turn supports, but does not prove, that these analogues function via S100A2-p53 binding groove inhibition.
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Wang D, Ge H, Tian M, Li C, Zhao L, Pei Q, Tan F, Li Y, Ling C, Güngör C. The Survival Effect of Radiotherapy on Stage IIB/III Pancreatic Cancer Undergone Surgery in Different Age and Tumor Site Groups: A Propensity Scores Matching Analysis Based on SEER Database. Front Oncol 2022; 12:799930. [PMID: 35174085 PMCID: PMC8841859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.799930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It remains controversial whether radiotherapy (RT) improves survival in patients with stage IIB/III PDAC. A growing number of studies have found that patients’ age at diagnosis and tumor site not only affect prognosis, but also may lead to different treatment responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify whether the survival effect of radiotherapy in patients with stage IIB/III PDAC varies across age and tumor site groups. Methods The target population was selected from PDAC patients undergone surgery in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2016. This study performed the Pearson’s chi-square test, Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method, and focused on propensity frequency matching analysis. Results Neither neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) nor adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) patient group had probably improved survival among early-onset patients. For middle-aged patients, nRT seemed to fail to extend overall survival (OS), while aRT might improve the OS. Plus, both nRT and aRT were associated with improved survival in elderly patients. The aRT might be related with survival benefits in patients with pancreatic head cancer, while nRT was not. And RT in patients with PDAC at other sites did not appear to provide a survival benefit. Conclusion Carefully selected data from the SEER database suggested that age and tumor location may be the reference factors to guide the selection of RT for patients with stage IIB/III PDAC. These findings are likely to contribute to the development of personalized treatment for patients with stage IIB/III PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heming Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengxiang Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lilan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Pei
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Yuqiang Li, ; Chen Ling,
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yuqiang Li, ; Chen Ling,
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Herbals and Plants in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030619. [PMID: 35276978 PMCID: PMC8839014 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer represents the most lethal malignancy among all digestive cancers. Despite the therapeutic advances achieved during recent years, the prognosis of this neoplasm remains disappointing. An enormous amount of experimental (mainly) and clinical research has recently emerged referring to the effectiveness of various plants administered either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. Apart from Asian countries, the use of these plants and herbals in the treatment of digestive cancer is also increasing in a number of Western countries as well. The aim of this study is to review the available literature regarding the efficacy of plants and herbals in pancreatic cancer. Methods: The authors have reviewed all the experimental and clinical studies published in Medline and Embase, up to June 2021. Results: More than 100 plants and herbals were thoroughly investigated. Favorable effects concerning the inhibition of cancer cell lines in the experimental studies and a favorable clinical outcome after combining various plants with established chemotherapeutic agents were observed. These herbals and plants exerted their activity against pancreatic cancer via a number of mechanisms. The number and severity of side-effects are generally of a mild degree. Conclusion: A quite high number of clinical and experimental studies confirmed the beneficial effect of many plants and herbals in pancreatic cancer. More large, double-blind clinical studies assessing these natural products, either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents should be conducted.
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Sun J, Russell CC, Scarlett CJ, McCluskey A. Small molecule inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:164-183. [PMID: 33479626 PMCID: PMC7433757 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00447e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC), with a 5 year survival of <7%, is one of the most fatal of all human cancers. The highly aggressive and metastatic character of this disease poses a challenge that current therapies are failing, despite significant efforts, to meet. This review examines the current status of the 35 small molecule inhibitors targeting pancreatic cancer in clinical trials and the >50 currently under investigation. These compounds inhibit biological targets spanning protein kinases, STAT3, BET, HDACs and Bcl-2 family proteins. Unsurprisingly, protein kinase inhibitors are overrepresented. Some trials show promise; a phase I combination trial of vorinostat 11 and capecitabine 17 gave a median overall survival (MoS) of 13 months and a phase II study of pazopanib 15 showed a MoS of 25 months. The current standard of care for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, fluorouracil/folic acid (5-FU, Adrucil®), and gemcitabine (GEMZAR®) afforded a MoS of 23 and 23.6 months (EPAC-3 study), respectively. In patients who can tolerate the FOLFIRINOX regime, this is becoming the standard of treatment with a MoS of 11.1 months. Clinical study progress has been slow with limited improvement in patient survival relative to gemcitabine 1 monotherapy. A major cause of low PC survival is the late stage of diagnosis, occurring in patients who consider typical early stage warning signs of aches and pains normal. The selection of patients with specific disease phenotypes, the use of improved efficient drug combinations, the identification of biomarkers to specific cancer subtypes and more effective designs of investigation have improved outcomes. To move beyond the current dire condition and paucity of PC treatment options, determination of the best regimes and new treatment options is a challenge that must be met. The reasons for poor PC prognosis have remained largely unchanged for 20 years. This is arguably a consequence of significant changes in the drug discovery landscape, and the increasing pressure on academia to deliver short term 'media' friendly short-term news 'bites'. PC research sits at a pivotal point. Perhaps the greatest challenge is enacting a culture change that recognises that major breakthroughs are a result of blue sky, truly innovative and curiosity driven research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Sun
- Chemistry , School of Environmental & Life Sciences , The University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW 2308 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 249216486
- Medicinal Chemistry , School of Pharmacy , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai , 264003 , China
| | - Cecilia C Russell
- Chemistry , School of Environmental & Life Sciences , The University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW 2308 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 249216486
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- Applied Sciences , School of Environmental & Life Sciences , The University of Newcastle , Ourimbah NSW 2258 , Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry , School of Environmental & Life Sciences , The University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW 2308 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 249216486
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Zhang W, Yu M, Xi Z, Nie D, Dai Z, Wang J, Qian K, Weng H, Gan Y, Xu L. Cancer Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanorods with Endoplasmic Reticulum Targeting for Improved Antitumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46614-46625. [PMID: 31747243 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell membrane-coated nanocarriers have been developed for drug delivery due to their enhanced blood circulation and tissue targeting capacities; however, previous works have generally focused on spherical nanoparticles and extracellular barriers. Many living organisms with different shapes, such as rod-shaped bacilli and rhabdovirus, display different functionalities regarding tissue penetration, cellular uptake, and intracellular distribution. Herein, we developed cancer cell membrane (CCM)-coated nanoparticles with spherical and rod shapes. CCM-coated nanorods (CRs) showed superior endocytosis efficiency compared with their spherical counterparts (CCM-coated nanospheres, CSs) due to the caveolin-mediated pathway. Moreover, CRs can effectively accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) region and ship the loaded DOX to the nucleus at a considerable concentration, resulting in ER stress and subsequent apoptosis. After intravenous injection into human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell (BxPC-3) and pancreatic stellate cell (HPSC) hybrid tumor-bearing nude mice, CRs exhibited improved immune escape ability, rapid extracellular matrix (ECM) penetration (8.2-fold higher than CSs), and enhanced tumor accumulation, further contributing to the enhanced antitumor efficacy. These findings may actually suggest the significance of shape design in improving current cell membrane-based drug delivery systems for effective subcellular targets and tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Miaorong Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ziyue Xi
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Di Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhuo Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Kun Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Huixian Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yong Gan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
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10
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Kunjachan S, Kotb S, Pola R, Pechar M, Kumar R, Singh B, Gremse F, Taleeli R, Trichard F, Motto-Ros V, Sancey L, Detappe A, Yasmin-Karim S, Protti A, Shanmugam I, Ireland T, Etrych T, Sridhar S, Tillement O, Makrigiorgos M, Berbeco RI. Selective Priming of Tumor Blood Vessels by Radiation Therapy Enhances Nanodrug Delivery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15844. [PMID: 31676822 PMCID: PMC6825216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective drug delivery is restricted by pathophysiological barriers in solid tumors. In human pancreatic adenocarcinoma, poorly-permeable blood vessels limit the intratumoral permeation and penetration of chemo or nanotherapeutic drugs. New and clinically viable strategies are urgently sought to breach the neoplastic barriers that prevent effective drug delivery. Here, we present an original idea to boost drug delivery by selectively knocking down the tumor vascular barrier in a human pancreatic cancer model. Clinical radiation activates the tumor endothelial-targeted gold nanoparticles to induce a physical vascular damage due to the high photoelectric interactions. Active modulation of these tumor neovessels lead to distinct changes in tumor vascular permeability. Noninvasive MRI and fluorescence studies, using a short-circulating nanocarrier with MR-sensitive gadolinium and a long-circulating nanocarrier with fluorescence-sensitive nearinfrared dye, demonstrate more than two-fold increase in nanodrug delivery, post tumor vascular modulation. Functional changes in altered tumor blood vessels and its downstream parameters, particularly, changes in Ktrans (permeability), Kep (flux rate), and Ve (extracellular interstitial volume), reflect changes that relate to augmented drug delivery. The proposed dual-targeted therapy effectively invades the tumor vascular barrier and improve nanodrug delivery in a human pancreatic tumor model and it may also be applied to other nonresectable, intransigent tumors that barely respond to standard drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijumon Kunjachan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Shady Kotb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Robert Pola
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Square 2, 16206, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pechar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Square 2, 16206, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bijay Singh
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Felix Gremse
- Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Reza Taleeli
- Division of Medical Physics & Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas, United States
| | - Florian Trichard
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Motto-Ros
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS UMR 5309 Joint Research Center, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrea Protti
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ilanchezhian Shanmugam
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Ireland
- LA-ICP-MS and ICP-ES Laboratories, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tomas Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Square 2, 16206, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Srinivas Sridhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mike Makrigiorgos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ross I Berbeco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Singh PK, Deorukhkar AA, Venkatesulu BP, Li X, Tailor R, Bomalaski JS, Krishnan S. Exploiting Arginine Auxotrophy with Pegylated Arginine Deiminase (ADI-PEG20) to Sensitize Pancreatic Cancer to Radiotherapy via Metabolic Dysregulation. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2381-2393. [PMID: 31395686 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Distinct metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells compared with normal cells can potentially be exploited for therapeutic targeting. Deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase-1 (ASS1) in pancreatic cancers creates auxotrophy for the semiessential amino acid arginine. We explored the therapeutic potential of depleting exogenous arginine via pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20) treatment as an adjunct to radiotherapy. We evaluated the efficacy of treatment of human pancreatic cancer cell lines and xenografts with ADI-PEG20 and radiation via clonogenic assays and tumor growth delay experiments. We also investigated potential mechanisms of action using reverse-phase protein array, Western blotting, and IHC and immunofluorescence staining. ADI-PEG20 potently radiosensitized ASS1-deficient pancreatic cancer cells (MiaPaCa-2, Panc-1, AsPc-1, HPAC, and CaPan-1), but not ASS1-expressing cell lines (Bxpc3, L3.6pl, and SW1990). Reverse phase protein array studies confirmed increased expression of proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis, which were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Inhibition of ER stress signaling with 4-phenylbutyrate abrogated the expression of ER stress proteins and reversed radiosensitization by ADI-PEG20. Independent in vivo studies in two xenograft models confirmed significant tumor growth delays, which were associated with enhanced expression of ER stress proteins and apoptosis markers and reduced expression of proliferation and angiogenesis markers. ADI-PEG20 augmented the effects of radiation by triggering the ER stress pathway, leading to apoptosis in pancreatic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amit A Deorukhkar
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bhanu P Venkatesulu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramesh Tailor
- Department of Radiation Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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12
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Qu J, Peng S, Wang R, Yang ST, Zhou QH, Lin J. Stepwise pH-sensitive and biodegradable polypeptide hybrid micelles for enhanced cellular internalization and efficient nuclear drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 181:315-324. [PMID: 31154142 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The short blood circulation time, reduced cellular uptake, and uncontrollable drug release still hinder the polymer micelle as an efficient drug delivery vehicle in clinical applications. In this study, a series of stepwise pH-sensitive and biodegradable polypeptide hybrid terpolymers, poly (lysine-co-N,N-bis(acryloyl) cystamine-co-dimethylmaleic anhydride) (PLB-DMMA), were designed and synthesized to achieve prolonged circulation time, enhanced cellular uptake and controllable anti-cancer drug release. The synthesized terpolymers can self-assemble into spherical nano-micelles (NMs) with narrow distributions and exhibited stepwise responses to extracellular and intracellular pH condition of the tumor cell. The as prepared NMs showed a negative surface charge under normal physiological conditions exhibiting advantageous stability during blood circulation. By the first-step pH response, the surface charge of the NMs switched from negative to positive to enhance cellular uptake under the slightly acidic tumor extracellular environment. After internalization into tumor cells, the second-step pH response resulted in an endosome escape of the NMs via the "proton-sponge" effect in the acidic endo/lysosome environment. Additionally, a rapid drug release was triggered in response to the intracellular reductive environment of tumor cells via the destruction of disulfide-linked polymer chains to enhance the nucleus delivery of DOX. in vitro cell assays showed that the blank NMs showed negligible systemic toxicity against normal cells while the DOX-loaded NMs significantly inhibited growth of the tumor cells. In general, it was suggested that the as developed stepwise pH-sensitive and biodegradable PLB-DMMA based NMs would be a smart and promising drug delivery candidate for anti-cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qu
- College of Chemical and Environment Protection, Southwest Minzu University, First Ring Road, 4th Section No.16, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Si Peng
- College of Chemical and Environment Protection, Southwest Minzu University, First Ring Road, 4th Section No.16, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemical and Environment Protection, Southwest Minzu University, First Ring Road, 4th Section No.16, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Yang
- College of Chemical and Environment Protection, Southwest Minzu University, First Ring Road, 4th Section No.16, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qing-Han Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environment Protection, Southwest Minzu University, First Ring Road, 4th Section No.16, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Juan Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, 783 Xindu Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
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13
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Iwasaki T, Hiraoka N, Ino Y, Nakajima K, Kishi Y, Nara S, Esaki M, Shimada K, Katai H. Reduction of intrapancreatic neural density in cancer tissue predicts poorer outcome in pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1491-1502. [PMID: 30776178 PMCID: PMC6447831 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural invasion is one of the malignant features contributing to locally advanced and/or metastatic disease progression in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Few studies exist on the distribution and state of nerve fibers in PDAC tissue and their clinicopathological impacts. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value of intrapancreatic neural alterations in patients with PDAC. We retrospectively analyzed 256 patients with PDAC who underwent macroscopic curative surgery. Nerve fibers, immunolabeled with a specific neural marker GAP-43, were digitally counted and compared among PDAC, chronic pancreatitis (CP) and normal pancreatic tissues. Interlobular nerve fibers were apparently hypertrophic in both CP and PDAC, although intrapancreatic neural density and nerve number decreased characteristically in PDAC. They tended to decrease toward the center of the tumor. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses revealed a statistically significant correlation between low neural density and shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.014), and between high neural invasion and shorter OS (P = 0.017). Neural density (P = 0.04; HR = 1.496; 95% CI 1.018-2.199) and neural invasion ratio (P = 0.064; HR = 1.439; 95% CI .980-2.114) were prognostic factors of shorter OS in the multivariate analysis. These findings suggest low intrapancreatic neural density in patients with PDAC as an independent prognosticator, which may represent aggressive tumor behavior. Furthermore, we propose a simple, practical and reproducible method (to measure neural density and the neural invasion ratio during conventional histopathological diagnosis of PDAC), which has been validated using another cohort (n = 81).
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Iwasaki
- Division of Molecular PathologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Division of Pathology and Clinical LaboratoriesNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
- Course of Advanced Clinical Research of CancerJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Division of Molecular PathologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Division of Pathology and Clinical LaboratoriesNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshinori Ino
- Division of Molecular PathologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Kosei Nakajima
- Division of Molecular PathologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Nara
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Minoru Esaki
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuaki Shimada
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Katai
- Course of Advanced Clinical Research of CancerJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Gastric Surgery DivisionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
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14
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Venkatesulu BP, Hsieh CE, Sanders KL, Krishnan S. Recent advances in radiation therapy of pancreatic cancer. F1000Res 2018; 7:F1000 Faculty Rev-1931. [PMID: 30613390 PMCID: PMC6305239 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16272.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis with an overall survival outcome of just 5% at five years. However, paralleling our improved understanding of the biology of pancreatic cancer, treatment paradigms have also continued to evolve with newer advances in surgical techniques, chemotherapeutic agents, radiation therapy (RT) techniques, and immunotherapy paradigms. RT dose, modality, fraction size, and sequencing are being evaluated actively, and the interplay between RT and immune effects has opened up newer avenues of research. In this review, we will emphasize recent advances in RT for pancreatic cancer, focusing on preoperative chemoradiation, RT dose escalation, sparing of the spleen to reduce lymphopenia, and combination of RT with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Prasad Venkatesulu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cheng-En Hsieh
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Keith L Sanders
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Nattress CB, Halldén G. Advances in oncolytic adenovirus therapy for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 434:56-69. [PMID: 29981812 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients have remained unchanged for the last four decades. The most aggressive, and most common, type of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has the lowest 5-year survival rate of all cancers globally. The poor prognosis is typically due to late presentation of often non-specific symptoms and rapid development of resistance to all current therapeutics, including the standard-of-care cytotoxic drug gemcitabine. While early surgical intervention can significantly prolong patient survival, there are few treatment options for late-stage non-resectable metastatic disease, resulting in mostly palliative care. In addition, a defining feature of pancreatic cancer is the immunosuppressive and impenetrable desmoplastic stroma that blocks access to tumour cells by therapeutic drugs. The limited effectiveness of conventional chemotherapeutics reveals an urgent need to develop novel therapies with different mechanisms of action for this malignancy. An emerging alternative to current therapeutics is oncolytic adenoviruses; these engineered biological agents have proven efficacy and tumour-selectivity in preclinical pancreatic cancer models, including models of drug-resistant cancer. Safety of oncolytic adenoviral mutants has been extensively assessed in clinical trials with only limited toxicity to normal healthy tissue being reported. Promising efficacy in combination with gemcitabine was demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies. A recent surge in novel adenoviral mutants entering clinical trials for pancreatic cancer indicates improved efficacy through activation of the host anti-tumour responses. The potential for adenoviruses to synergise with chemotherapeutics, activate anti-tumour immune responses, and contribute to stromal dissemination render these mutants highly attractive candidates for improved patient outcomes. Currently, momentum is gathering towards the development of systemically-deliverable mutants that are able to overcome anti-viral host immune responses, erythrocyte binding and hepatic uptake, to promote elimination of primary and metastatic lesions. This review will cover the key components of pancreatic cancer oncogenesis; novel oncolytic adenoviruses; clinical trials; and the current progress in overcoming the challenges of systemic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Baird Nattress
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Gunnel Halldén
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
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16
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Jun E, Kim SC, Lee CM, Oh J, Lee S, Shim IK. Synergistic effect of a drug loaded electrospun patch and systemic chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer xenograft. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12381. [PMID: 28959053 PMCID: PMC5620083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a high rate of local recurrence and poor prognosis even with adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection. The aim of this study was to investigate if local drug delivery combined with low dose systemic chemotherapy can increase the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy while reducing systemic toxicities. Poly-L-lactic acid-based 5-FU releasing patch was fabricated by electrospinning, and its tumour killing effects were first confirmed in vitro. The 5-FU patch directly adhered to the tumour in subcutaneous and orthotopic murine models, and induced a significant decrease in tumour size. Systemic gemcitabine treatment group, 5-FU drug releasing patch group, and systemic gemcitabine plus 5-FU patch group were compared by tumour size measurement, non-invasive bio-imaging, and histology in subcutaneous models. Combination of local drug patch and systemic chemotherapy led to increased tumour suppression effects that lasted longer, as well as increased survival rate. Histology revealed higher degree of apoptosis in the combined group. Systemic toxicity was recovered within 7 days after the treatment in all mice. Conclusively, local drug delivery using biocompatible polymer patch significantly inhibited tumour growth, and combination with systemic chemotherapy was more effective than single systemic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsung Jun
- Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chan Mi Lee
- Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juyun Oh
- Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kyong Shim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 Dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Manzur A, Oluwasanmi A, Moss D, Curtis A, Hoskins C. Nanotechnologies in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:E39. [PMID: 28946666 PMCID: PMC5750645 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has been classified as a cancer of unmet need. After diagnosis the patient prognosis is dismal with few surviving over 5 years. Treatment regimes are highly patient variable and often the patients are too sick to undergo surgical resection or chemotherapy. These chemotherapies are not effective often because patients are diagnosed at late stages and tumour metastasis has occurred. Nanotechnology can be used in order to formulate potent anticancer agents to improve their physicochemical properties such as poor aqueous solubility or prolong circulation times after administration resulting in improved efficacy. Studies have reported the use of nanotechnologies to improve the efficacy of gemcitabine (the current first line treatment) as well as investigating the potential of using other drug molecules which have previously shown promise but were unable to be utilised due to the inability to administer through appropriate routes-often related to solubility. Of the nanotechnologies reported, many can offer site specific targeting to the site of action as well as a plethora of other multifunctional properties such as image guidance and controlled release. This review focuses on the use of the major nanotechnologies both under pre-clinical development and those which have recently been approved for use in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Manzur
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology for Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 6DB, UK.
| | - Adeolu Oluwasanmi
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology for Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 6DB, UK.
| | - Darren Moss
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology for Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 6DB, UK.
| | - Anthony Curtis
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology for Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 6DB, UK.
| | - Clare Hoskins
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology for Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 6DB, UK.
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18
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Yamamoto Y, Nagasato M, Yoshida T, Aoki K. Recent advances in genetic modification of adenovirus vectors for cancer treatment. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:831-837. [PMID: 28266780 PMCID: PMC5448613 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are widely used to deliver genes to a variety of cell types and have been used in a number of clinical trials for gene therapy and oncolytic virotherapy. However, several concerns must be addressed for the clinical use of adenovirus vectors. Selective delivery of a therapeutic gene by adenovirus vectors to target cancer is precluded by the widespread distribution of the primary cellular receptors. The systemic administration of adenoviruses results in hepatic tropism independent of the primary receptors. Adenoviruses induce strong innate and acquired immunity in vivo. Furthermore, several modifications to these vectors are necessary to enhance their oncolytic activity and ensure patient safety. As such, the adenovirus genome has been engineered to overcome these problems. The first part of the present review outlines recent progress in the genetic modification of adenovirus vectors for cancer treatment. In addition, several groups have recently developed cancer-targeting adenovirus vectors by using libraries that display random peptides on a fiber knob. Pancreatic cancer-targeting sequences have been isolated, and these oncolytic vectors have been shown by our group to be associated with a higher gene transduction efficiency and more potent oncolytic activity in cell lines, murine models, and surgical specimens of pancreatic cancer. In the second part of this review, we explain that combining cancer-targeting strategies can be a promising approach to increase the clinical usefulness of oncolytic adenovirus vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nagasato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Aoki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Gene Therapy: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7110098. [PMID: 27834914 PMCID: PMC5126784 DOI: 10.3390/genes7110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy holds a promising future for bridging the gap between the disciplines of medicine and clinical dentistry. The dynamic treatment approaches of gene therapy have been advancing by leaps and bounds. They are transforming the conventional approaches into more precise and preventive ones that may limit the need of using drugs and surgery. The oral cavity is one of the most accessible areas for the clinical applications of gene therapy for various oral tissues. The idea of genetic engineering has become more exciting due to its advantages over other treatment modalities. For instance, the body is neither subjected to an invasive surgery nor deep wounds, nor is it susceptible to systemic effects of drugs. The aim of this article is to review the gene therapy applications in the field of dentistry. In addition, therapeutic benefits in terms of treatment of diseases, minimal invasion and maximum outcomes have been discussed.
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Ahmed MM, Narendra A, Prasanna P, Coleman CN, Krishnan S. Current Insights in Radiation Combination Therapies: Influence of Omics and Novel Targeted Agents in Defining New Concepts in Radiation Biology and Clinical Radiation Oncology. Semin Radiat Oncol 2016; 26:251-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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