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Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used a supported liquid membrane system (SLM) using Celgard 2400 polypropylene as the support, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the carrier, and kerosene as the diluent. To obtain the best carrier concentration, D2EHPA concentrations between 0.04 and 0.6 M were used. The Cr (III) solutions used in the feed phase had various ionic strengths and were adjusted with NaCl at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1.75 M. To maintain a constant pH (4) in the feed phase, a 0.2 M acetic acid–sodium acetate buffer was utilized. Because the rate of Cr (III)-carrier complex formation at the interface of the feed solution and membrane increased up to 20 × 10−4 mol/L, it was discovered that transport of Cr (III) rose with an increase in chromium content in the feeding phase. For the optimization of the various stripping agents, HCl concentration was employed, from 0.25 M to 1.75 M. It was observed that Cr (III) transport increased with the increase in HCl concentration because the transport was at a pH gradient, which was the main driving force. Because of the fact that at the feed phase-membrane contact, D2EHPA combined with chromium ions to form the Cr (III)-carrier complex and released H+ protons, in the feed phase, the Cr (III)-carrier complex was diffused into a stripping phase, wherein Cr (III) ions were stripped and the carrier was reversibly protonated again.
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Vosoughi S, Salek N, Arani SS, Samani AB, Maragheh MG. Investigation of radiolabeling efficacy by enhancement of the chemical form of no carrier added 177Lu isolated by electro amalgamation process. Curr Radiopharm 2021; 15:56-62. [PMID: 33480353 DOI: 10.2174/1874471014666210122150134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the suitable nuclear decay characteristics, 177Lu is an attractive radionuclide for various therapeutic applications. The non-carrier added form of 177Lu has drawn many attention because of its high specific activity needed in radiolabeling studies. There have been several separation methods for NCA 177Lu production. OBJECTIVES Among the various separation methods, the electro-amalgamation separation method has got a large potential for large scale production. Li presence is a significant problem in this separation method, which seriously affects the radiolabeling efficiency. METHOD In this study, Li was separated from the final product of electro-amalgamation separation by adding an ion-exchange chromatography column to the separation process. RESULTS NCA 177Lu was obtained by 84.09% ELM separation yield, 99.9% radionuclide purity and, 65 Ci/g specific activity. Then, 177Lu (177LuCl3 chemical form) was separated from Li using the ion exchange chromatography method by a separation yield of 94%. The obtained results of the radiolabeling efficacy studies showed that the radiochemical purity and radio-complex stability were significantly increased by separating of NCA 177Lu from Li. CONCLUSION This new separation setup consisting of two steps allows using 177Lu of such a favorable quality for labeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vosoughi
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI),Tehran. Iran
| | - Nafise Salek
- Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI). Iran
| | | | - Ali Bahrami Samani
- Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI). Iran
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Feasibility study for production and quality control of Yb-175 as a byproduct of no carrier added Lu-177 preparation for radiolabeling of DOTMP. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2017; 41:69-79. [PMID: 29260406 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-017-0611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal uptake of β- emitters of DOTMP complexes is used for the bone pain palliation. In this study, two moderate energy β- emitters, 177Lu (T1/2 = 6.7 days, Eβmax = 497 keV) and 175Yb (T1/2 = 4.2 days, Eβmax = 480 keV), are considered as potential agents for the development of the bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals. Since the specific activity of the radiolabelled carrier molecules should be high, the non-carrier-added (NCA) radionuclides have an effective role in nuclear medicine. Many researchers have presented the synthesis of NCA 177Lu. Among these separation techniques, extraction chromatography has been considered more capable than other methods. In this study, a new approach, in addition to production of NCA 177Lu by EXC procedure is using pure 175Yb that was usually considered as a waste material in this method but because of high radionuclidic purity of 175Yb produced by this method we used it for radiolabeling as well as NCA 177Lu. To obtain optimum conditions, some effective factors on separation of Lu/Yb by EXC were investigated. The NCA 177Lu and pure 175Yb were produced with radionuclidic purity of 99.99 and 99.97% respectively by irradiation of enriched 176Yb target in thermal neutron flux of 5 × 1013 n/cm2 s for 14 days. 177Lu-DOTMP and 175Yb-DOTMP were obtained with high radiochemical purities (> 95%) under optimized reaction conditions. Two radiolabeled complexes exhibited excellent stability at room temperature. Biodistribution studies in rats showed favorable selective skeletal uptake with rapid clearance from blood along with insignificant accumulation of activity in other non-target organs for two radiolabelled complexes.
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Salek N, Shamsaei M, Ghannadi Maragheh M, Shirvani Arani S, Bahrami Samani A. Production and quality control 177Lu (NCA)-DOTMP as a potential agent for bone pain palliation. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2016; 17:128-139. [PMID: 27929488 PMCID: PMC5690526 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v17i6.6375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal uptake of radiolabeled-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetramethylene phosphoric acid (e.g., 177Lu-DOTMP) complex, is used for bone pain palliation. The moderate energy of β-emitting 177Lu (T½ = 6.7 d, Eβmax = 497keV) has been considered as a potential radionuclide for development of the bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical. Since the specific activity of the radiolabeled carrier molecules should be high, the "no-carrier-added radionuclides" have sig-nificant roles in nuclear medicine. Many researchers illustrated no-carrier-added 177Lu production; among these separation techniques such as ion exchange chromatography, reversed phase ion-pair, and electrochemical method, extraction chromatography has been considered more capable than other methods. In order to optimize the conditions, some effective factors on separation of Lu/Yb were investigated by EXC. The NCA 177Lu, produced by this method, was mixed with 300 μl of DOTMP solution (20 mg in 1 mL of 0.5 M NaHCO3, pH = 8) and incu-bated under stirring at room temperature for 45 min. Radiochemical purity of the 177Lu-DOTMP complex was determined using radio-thin-layer chromatography (RTLC) method. The complex was injected to wild-type rats and biodistribution was then studied for seven days. The NCA 177Lu was produced with specific activ-ity of 48 Ci/mg and with a radinuclidic purity of 99.99% through irradiation of enriched 176Yb target (1 mg) in a thermal neutron flux of 4 × 1013 n.cm-2.s-1 for 14 days. 177Lu-DOTMP was obtained with high radiochemical purities (> 98%) under optimized reaction conditions. The radiolabeled complex exhibited excellent stability at room temperature. Biodistribution of the radiolabeled complex studies in rats showed favorable selective skeletal uptake with rapid clearance from blood along with insignificant accumulation within the other nontargeted organs.
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Dash A, Chakraborty S, Pillai MRA, Knapp FFR. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: an overview. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 30:47-71. [PMID: 25710506 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a site-directed targeted therapeutic strategy that specifically uses radiolabeled peptides as biological targeting vectors designed to deliver cytotoxic levels of radiation dose to cancer cells, which overexpress specific receptors. Interest in PRRT has steadily grown because of the advantages of targeting cellular receptors in vivo with high sensitivity as well as specificity and treatment at the molecular level. Recent advances in molecular biology have not only stimulated advances in PRRT in a sustainable manner but have also pushed the field significantly forward to several unexplored possibilities. Recent decades have witnessed unprecedented endeavors for developing radiolabeled receptor-binding somatostatin analogs for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, which have played an important role in the evolution of PRRT and paved the way for the development of other receptor-targeting peptides. Several peptides targeting a variety of receptors have been identified, demonstrating their potential to catalyze breakthroughs in PRRT. In this review, the authors discuss several of these peptides and their analogs with regard to their applications and potential in radionuclide therapy. The advancement in the availability of combinatorial peptide libraries for peptide designing and screening provides the capability of regulating immunogenicity and chemical manipulability. Moreover, the availability of a wide range of bifunctional chelating agents opens up the scope of convenient radiolabeling. For these reasons, it would be possible to envision a future where the scope of PRRT can be tailored for patient-specific application. While PRRT lies at the interface between many disciplines, this technology is inextricably linked to the availability of the therapeutic radionuclides of required quality and activity levels and hence their production is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- 1 Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, India
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Dash A, Pillai MRA, Knapp FF. Production of (177)Lu for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: Available Options. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 49:85-107. [PMID: 26085854 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-014-0315-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review provides a comprehensive summary of the production of (177)Lu to meet expected future research and clinical demands. Availability of options represents the cornerstone for sustainable growth for the routine production of adequate activity levels of (177)Lu having the required quality for preparation of a variety of (177)Lu-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. The tremendous prospects associated with production of (177)Lu for use in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) dictate that a holistic consideration should evaluate all governing factors that determine its success. METHODS While both "direct" and "indirect" reactor production routes offer the possibility for sustainable (177)Lu availability, there are several issues and challenges that must be considered to realize the full potential of these production strategies. RESULTS This article presents a mini review on the latest developments, current status, key challenges and possibilities for the near future. CONCLUSION A broad understanding and discussion of the issues associated with (177)Lu production and processing approaches would not only ensure sustained growth and future expansion for the availability and use of (177)Lu-labeled radiopharmaceuticals, but also help future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai 400 085 India
| | | | - Furn F Knapp
- Medical Isotopes Program, Isotope Development Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, MS 6229, Bldg, 4501, 1 Bethel Valley Road,, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6229 USA
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Đorđević JS, Vladisavljević GT, Trtić-Petrović TM. Removal of the Selected Pesticides from a Water Solution by Applying Hollow Fiber Liquid–Liquid Membrane Extraction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404210k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena S. Đorđević
- Laboratory
of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran T. Vladisavljević
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
- Laboratory
of Chemical Dynamics and Permanent Education, Vinča Institute
of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana M. Trtić-Petrović
- Laboratory
of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
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Kumrić KR, Vladisavljević GT, Trtić-Petrović TM. Membrane-Assisted Liquid-Phase Extraction of Lu(III) in a U-Shaped Contactor with a Single Hollow Fiber Membrane. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija R. Kumrić
- Laboratory of Physics,
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade,
Serbia
| | - Goran T. Vladisavljević
- Chemical
Engineering
Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Chemical
Dynamics and Permanent Education, Vinča Institute of Nuclear
Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana M. Trtić-Petrović
- Laboratory of Physics,
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade,
Serbia
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Kumrić KR, Vladisavljević GT, Đorđević JS, Jönsson JÅ, Trtić-Petrović TM. Mass transfer resistance in a liquid-phase microextraction employing a single hollow fiber under unsteady-state conditions. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2390-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija R. Kumrić
- Laboratory of Physics; Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Goran T. Vladisavljević
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Loughborough University; Leicestershire UK
- Laboratory of Chemical Dynamics and Permanent Education; Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jelena S. Đorđević
- Laboratory of Physics; Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jan Åke Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Analysis and Synthesis; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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Trtić-Petrović TM, Kumrić KR, Đorđević JS, Vladisavljević GT. Extraction of lutetium(III) from aqueous solutions by employing a single fibre-supported liquid membrane. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2002-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li CW, Chen YM, Hsiao ST. Compressed air-assisted solvent extraction (CASX) for metal removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 71:51-58. [PMID: 18068207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel process, compressed air-assisted solvent extraction (CASX), was developed to generate micro-sized solvent-coated air bubbles (MSAB) for metal extraction. Through pressurization of solvent with compressed air followed by releasing air-oversaturated solvent into metal-containing wastewater, MSAB were generated instantaneously. The enormous surface area of MSAB makes extraction process extremely fast and achieves very high aqueous/solvent weight ratio (A/S ratio). CASX process completely removed Cr(VI) from acidic electroplating wastewater under A/S ratio of 115 and extraction time of less than 10s. When synthetic wastewater containing Cd(II) of 50mgl(-1) was treated, A/S ratios of higher than 714 and 1190 could be achieved using solvent with extractant/diluent weight ratio of 1:1 and 5:1, respectively. Also, MSAB have very different physical properties, such as size and density, compared to the emulsified solvent droplets, making separation and recovery of solvent from treated effluent very easy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wang Li
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, TamKang University, 151 Ying-Chuan Road, Tamsui 25137, Taipei County, Taiwan.
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