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Božič K, Sedlar A, Kralj Š, Černigoj U, Štrancar A, Sekirnik R. Selective hydrophobic interaction chromatography for high purity of supercoiled DNA plasmids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1739-1749. [PMID: 38351874 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
High purity of plasmid DNA (pDNA), particularly in supercoiled isoform (SC), is used for various biopharmaceutical applications, such as a transfecting agent for production of gene therapy viral vectors, for pDNA vaccines, or as a precursor for linearized form that serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. In clinical manufacturing, pDNA is commonly extracted from Escherichia coli cells with alkaline lysis followed by anion exchange chromatography or tangential flow filtration as a capture step for pDNA. Both methods remove a high degree of host cell contaminants but are unable to generically discriminate between SC and open-circular (OC) pDNA isoforms, as well as other DNA impurities, such as genomic DNA (gDNA). Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is commonly used as polishing purification for pDNA. We developed HIC-based polishing purification methodology that is highly selective for enrichment of SC pDNA. It is generic with respect to plasmid size, scalable, and GMP compatible. The technique uses ammonium sulfate, a kosmotropic salt, at a concentration selective for SC pDNA binding to a butyl monolith column, while OC pDNA and gDNA are removed in flow-through. The approach is validated on multiple adeno-associated virus- and mRNA-encoding plasmids ranging from 3 to 12 kbp. We show good scalability to at least 300 mg of >95% SC pDNA, thus paving the way to increase the quality of genomic medicines that utilize pDNA as a key raw material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemen Božič
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Sedlar
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Špela Kralj
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Urh Černigoj
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Štrancar
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Rok Sekirnik
- Sartorius BIA Separations d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
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2
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Goodarzi MM, Jalalirad R, Doroud D, Hozouri H, Aghasadeghi M, Paryan M. Determining buffer conditions for downstream processing of VLP-based recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen using multimodal resins in bind-elute and flow-through purification modes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10745. [PMID: 37400485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulties in purification of VLP-based recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) are mainly emerged from inefficient semi-purification step plus proteins physicochemical properties and these issues make the downstream processing (DSP) very lengthy and expensive. In this study, optimization of rHBsAg (recombinantly-expressed in Pichia pastoris) DSP was performed using selection of buffering conditions in the semi-purification step. In the semi-purification optimization step, up to 73% of the protein impurities were eliminated and the utmost increase in rHBsAg purity (ca. 3.6-fold) was achieved using 20 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.5. By using rHBsAg binding and nonbinding situations obtained from the response surface plot in design of experiments (DOE), additional bind-elute and flow-through purification mode experiments were conducted and rHBsAg with high purity (near 100%) and recovery (> 83%) was achieved. Following assessment of critical quality attributes (i.e., purity, particle size distribution, host cell DNA, host cell protein, secondary structures, specific activity and relative potency), it was indicated that the characteristics of rHBsAg purified by the new DSP were similar or superior to the ones obtained from conventional DSP. The purification performance of the resin was constantly retained (97-100%) and no significant resin damage took place after 10 adsorption-elution-cleaning cycles. The new DSP developed for production of rHBsAg in this study can substitute the conventional one with granting satisfactory target protein quality, long-lasting resin efficacy, shorter and less expensive process. This process may be also employable for purification of both non-VLP- and VLP- based target proteins expressed in the yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moazami Goodarzi
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, 3159915111, Iran
| | - Reza Jalalirad
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, 3159915111, Iran.
| | - Delaram Doroud
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, 3159915111, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Hozouri
- Department of Quality Management, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, 3159915111, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Viral Vaccine Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Mahdi Paryan
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, 3159915111, Iran
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Talebnia F, Pushparajah D, Chandrasekaran S, Hersch SJ, Nafissi N, Slavcev R. Application of an electro elution system for direct purification of linear covalently closed DNA fragments. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1218:123622. [PMID: 36842293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a powerful treatment modality. Non-viral gene therapy vectors power one arm of this important approach, due to their enhanced safety profile compared to their viral counterparts. New non-viral approaches continue to be developed, but purification can bottleneck the scaleup and cost-effectiveness and quality of some of these advanced vectors. We require more advanced purification and separation techniques compared to conventional methods to maximize resolution in a scalable manner. The Prep Cell system is a continuous electro elution system that contains a circular gel casting tube where DNA mixtures can be run through and subsequently migrate into an elution chamber, to be eluted by a peristaltic pump. This DNA separation and purification process confers advantages over other conventional methods, including i) the elimination of multiple downstream purification process requirements; ii) its ability to be applied in mid-scale settings, and iii), its high-resolution power. In this study, we assessed the ability of this Prep Cell Model 491 system to purify a novel type of non-viral linear covalently closed (LCC) DNA minivector (ministring DNA) from its precursor parent plasmid DNA and process by-product DNA species by analyzing for effective separation via agarose gel electrophoresis, recovery yield, single enzyme digestion, and quality control assessments. Overall, effective separation and resolution of mini-DNA vectors was obtained using the Prep Cell system, conferring its potential to be applied towards mid-scale purification of DNA vectors for a variety of research, and eventually, clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Talebnia
- Mediphage Bioceuticals, Inc. 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, MaRS West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G0B7, Canada
| | - D Pushparajah
- University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - S Chandrasekaran
- Mediphage Bioceuticals, Inc. 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, MaRS West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G0B7, Canada
| | - S J Hersch
- Mediphage Bioceuticals, Inc. 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, MaRS West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G0B7, Canada
| | - N Nafissi
- Mediphage Bioceuticals, Inc. 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, MaRS West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G0B7, Canada.
| | - R Slavcev
- Mediphage Bioceuticals, Inc. 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, MaRS West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G0B7, Canada; University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Kurák T, Polakovič M. Adsorption Performance of a Multimodal Anion-Exchange Chromatography Membrane: Effect of Liquid Phase Composition and Separation Mode. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1173. [PMID: 36557080 PMCID: PMC9788217 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane chromatography is a modern, high-throughput separation method that finds important applications in therapeutic protein purification. Multimodal, salt-tolerant membranes are the most recent innovation in chromatographic membrane adsorbents. Due to the complex structure of their ligands and the bimodal texture of their carriers, their adsorption properties have not been sufficiently investigated. This work deals with the equilibrium and kinetic properties of a multimodal anion-exchange chromatography membrane, Sartobind STIC. Single- and two-component adsorption experiments were carried out with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and salmon DNA as model target and impurity components. The effect of the Hofmeister series ions and ionic strength on the BSA/DNA adsorption was investigated in micromembrane flow experiments. A significant difference was observed between the effects of monovalent and polyvalent ions when strong kosmotropic salts with polyvalent anions acted as strong displacers of BSA. On the contrary, DNA binding was rather high at elevated ionic strength, independent of the salt type. Two-component micromembrane experiments confirmed very high selectivity of DNA binding at a rather low sodium sulfate feed content and at pH 8. The strength of binding was examined in more than a dozen different desorption experiments. While BSA was desorbed relatively easily using high salt concentrations independent of buffer type and pH, while DNA was desorbed only in a very limited measure under any conditions. Separation experiments in a laboratory membrane module were carried out for the feed containing 1 g/L of BSA, 0.3 g/L of DNA, and 0.15 M of sodium sulfate. The negative flow-through mode was found to be more advantageous than the bind-elute mode, as BSA was obtained with 99% purity and a 97% yield. Membrane reuse was investigated in three adsorption-desorption-regeneration cycles.
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Scalable purification of single stranded DNA scaffolds for biomanufacturing DNA-origami nanostructures: exploring anion-exchange and multimodal chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Supported Ionic Liquids Used as Chromatographic Matrices in Bioseparation-An Overview. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051618. [PMID: 35268719 PMCID: PMC8911583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography plays a central role in biomanufacturing, and, apart from its use as a preparative purification strategy, either in biopharmaceuticals or in fine chemicals industries, it is also very useful as an analytical tool for monitoring, assessing, and characterizing diverse samples. The present review gives an overview of the progress of the chromatographic supports that have been used in the purification of high-value products (e.g., small molecules, organic compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids). Despite the diversity of currently available chromatographic matrices, the interest in innovative biomolecules emphasizes the need for novel, robust, and more efficient supports and ligands with improved selectivity. Accordingly, ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated as novel ligands in chromatographic matrices. Given herein is an extensive review regarding the different immobilization strategies of ILs in several types of supports, namely in silica, Sepharose, and polymers. In addition to depicting their synthesis, the main application examples of these supports are also presented. The multiple interactions promoted by ILs are critically discussed concerning the improved selectivity towards target molecules. Overall, the versatility of supported ILs is here considered a critical point to their exploitation as alternatives to the more conventional liquid chromatographic matrices used in bioseparation processes.
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Hocharoen L, Noppiboon S, Kitsubun P. Toward QbD Process Understanding on DNA Vaccine Purification Using Design of Experiment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:657201. [PMID: 34055759 PMCID: PMC8153680 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.657201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA vaccines, the third generation of vaccines, are a promising therapeutic option for many diseases as they offer the customization of their ability on protection and treatment with high stability. The production of DNA vaccines is considered rapid and less complicated compared to others such as mRNA vaccines, viral vaccines, or subunit protein vaccines. However, the main issue for DNA vaccines is how to produce the active DNA, a supercoiled isoform, to comply with the regulations. Our work therefore focuses on gaining a process understanding of the purification step which processes parameters that have impacts on the critical quality attribute (CQA), supercoiled DNA and performance attribute (PA), and step yield. Herein, pVax1/lacZ was used as a model. The process parameters of interest were sample application flow rates and salt concentration at washing step and at elution step in the hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). Using a Design of Experiment (DoE) with central composite face centered (CCF) approach, 14 experiments plus four additional runs at the center points were created. The response data was used to establish regression predictive models and simulation was conducted in 10,000 runs to provide tolerance intervals of these CQA and PA. The approach of this process understanding can be applied for Quality by Design (QbD) on other DNA vaccines and on a larger production scale as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalintip Hocharoen
- Bioprocess Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), National Biopharmaceutical Facility (NBF), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarawuth Noppiboon
- Bioprocess Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), National Biopharmaceutical Facility (NBF), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panit Kitsubun
- Biochemical Engineering and System Biology Research Group (IBEG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Bangkok, Thailand
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Alves CPA, Prazeres DMF, Monteiro GA. Minicircle Biopharmaceuticals–An Overview of Purification Strategies. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2020.612594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Minicircles are non-viral delivery vectors with promising features for biopharmaceutical applications. These vectors are plasmid-derived circular DNA molecules that are obtained in vivo in Escherichia coli by the intramolecular recombination of a parental plasmid, which generates a minicircle containing the eukaryotic therapeutic cassette of interest and a miniplasmid containing the prokaryotic backbone. The production process results thus in a complex mixture, which hinders the isolation of minicircle molecules from other DNA molecules. Several strategies have been proposed over the years to meet the challenge of purifying and obtaining high quality minicircles in compliance with the regulatory guidelines for therapeutic use. In minicircle purification, the characteristics of the strain and parental plasmid used have a high impact and strongly affect the purification strategy that can be applied. This review summarizes the different methods developed so far, focusing not only on the purification method itself but also on its dependence on the upstream production strategy used.
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Valente JFA, Queiroz JA, Sousa F. Dilemma on plasmid DNA purification: binding capacity vs selectivity. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461848. [PMID: 33421679 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasmid DNA chromatography is a powerful field in constant development and evolution. The use of this technique is considered mandatory in the production of an efficient and safe formulation to be applied for plasmid-mediated gene therapy. Concerning this, the search for an ideal chromatographic support/ligand combination motivated scientist to pursue a continuous improvement on the plasmid chromatography performance, looking for a progression on the ligands and supports used. The present review explores the different approaches used over time to purify plasmid DNA, ambitioning both high recovery and high purity levels. Overall, it is presented a critical discussion relying on the relevance of the binding capacity versus selectivity of the supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F A Valente
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506Covilhã, Portugal; CDRSP-IPLEIRIA - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Rua de Portugal - Zona Industrial, 2430-028Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - J A Queiroz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506Covilhã, Portugal
| | - F Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506Covilhã, Portugal.
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Roberts JA, Kimerer L, Carta G. Effects of molecule size and resin structure on protein adsorption on multimodal anion exchange chromatography media. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1628:461444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Primary Purification of Plasmid DNA Using Differential Isopropanol Precipitation. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32827136 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0872-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
A method for the intermediate recovery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) from alkaline lysates is described that comprises differential isopropanol precipitation steps. In a first low-cut precipitation, a smaller amount of isopropanol (20% v/v) is used so that only high molecular weight RNA precipitates. After solid liquid separation, a high-cut precipitation is performed by bringing isopropanol concentration to 70% v/v to precipitate pDNA. Tests made with lysates show that the differential precipitation increases purity threefold compared to the conventional one-step precipitation at 70% v/v without affecting pDNA recovery (>80%).
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Silva-Santos AR, Rosa SS, Prazeres DMF, Azevedo AM. Purification of Plasmid DNA by Multimodal Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2197:193-205. [PMID: 32827138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0872-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal (MM) chromatography can be described as a chromatographic method that uses more than one mode of interaction between the target molecule and the ligand to achieve a particular separation. Owing to its advantages over traditional chromatography, such as higher selectivity and capacity, its application for the purification of biomolecules with therapeutic interest has been widely studied. The potential of MM chromatography for the purification of plasmid DNA has been demonstrated. In this chapter, a downstream process for the purification of supercoiled plasmid DNA using MM chromatography with two different ligands-Capto™ adhere and PPA HyperCell™-is described. In both the cases, the purification process yields a high purity and highly homogeneous sc plasmid product.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rita Silva-Santos
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Sousa Rosa
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Duarte Miguel F Prazeres
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Azevedo
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Silva-Santos AR, Alves CP, Monteiro G, Azevedo AM, Prazeres DMF. Multimodal chromatography of supercoiled minicircles: A closer look into DNA-ligand interactions. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Chu WN, Wu QC, Zhang QL, Yao SJ, Lin DQ. High-Throughput Process Development for Recombinant Human Serum Albumin Separation from Pichia pastoris Broth with Mixed-Mode Chromatography. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ning Chu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qi-Ci Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Qi-Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shan-Jing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Cardoso S, de Alcântara Pessoa Filho P, Sousa F, Rodrigues Azzoni A. Arginine and di-arginine ligands for plasmid DNA purification using negative chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abdulrahman A, Ghanem A. Recent advances in chromatographic purification of plasmid DNA for gene therapy and DNA vaccines: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1025:41-57. [PMID: 29801607 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The wide spread of infectious diseases have provoked the scientists to develop new types of vaccines. Among the different types of vaccines, the recently discovered plasmid DNA vaccines, have gained tremendous attentions in the last few decades as a modern approach of vaccination. The scientific interest in plasmid DNA vaccines is attributed to their prominent efficacy as they trigger not only the cellular immune response but also the humoral immune responses. Moreover, pDNA vaccines are easily to be stored, shipped and produced. However, the purification of the pDNA vaccines is a crucial step in their production and administration, which is usually conducted by different chromatographic techniques. This review summarizes the most recent chromatographic purification methods provided in the literature during the last five years following our last review in 2013, including affinity chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, multimodal chromatography, sample displacement chromatography and miscellaneous chromatographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdulrahman
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 2617, Australia
| | - Ashraf Ghanem
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 2617, Australia. http://www.chiralitygroup.com
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