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Wasyłeczko M, Wojciechowski C, Chwojnowski A. Polyethersulfone Polymer for Biomedical Applications and Biotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4233. [PMID: 38673817 PMCID: PMC11049998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers stand out as promising materials extensively employed in biomedicine and biotechnology. Their versatile applications owe much to the field of tissue engineering, which seamlessly integrates materials engineering with medical science. In medicine, biomaterials serve as prototypes for organ development and as implants or scaffolds to facilitate body regeneration. With the growing demand for innovative solutions, synthetic and hybrid polymer materials, such as polyethersulfone, are gaining traction. This article offers a concise characterization of polyethersulfone followed by an exploration of its diverse applications in medical and biotechnological realms. It concludes by summarizing the significant roles of polyethersulfone in advancing both medicine and biotechnology, as outlined in the accompanying table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wasyłeczko
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ksiecia Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (C.W.); (A.C.)
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2
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Ramada DL, de Vries J, Vollenbroek J, Noor N, Ter Beek O, Mihăilă SM, Wieringa F, Masereeuw R, Gerritsen K, Stamatialis D. Portable, wearable and implantable artificial kidney systems: needs, opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00726-9. [PMID: 37277461 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Haemodialysis is life sustaining but expensive, provides limited removal of uraemic solutes, is associated with poor patient quality of life and has a large carbon footprint. Innovative dialysis technologies such as portable, wearable and implantable artificial kidney systems are being developed with the aim of addressing these issues and improving patient care. An important challenge for these technologies is the need for continuous regeneration of a small volume of dialysate. Dialysate recycling systems based on sorbents have great potential for such regeneration. Novel dialysis membranes composed of polymeric or inorganic materials are being developed to improve the removal of a broad range of uraemic toxins, with low levels of membrane fouling compared with currently available synthetic membranes. To achieve more complete therapy and provide important biological functions, these novel membranes could be combined with bioartificial kidneys, which consist of artificial membranes combined with kidney cells. Implementation of these systems will require robust cell sourcing; cell culture facilities annexed to dialysis centres; large-scale, low-cost production; and quality control measures. These challenges are not trivial, and global initiatives involving all relevant stakeholders, including academics, industrialists, medical professionals and patients with kidney disease, are required to achieve important technological breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Loureiro Ramada
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Joost de Vries
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Vollenbroek
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- BIOS Lab on a Chip Group, MESA + Institute, University of Twente, Hallenweg 15, 7522, NH Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nazia Noor
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Odyl Ter Beek
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fokko Wieringa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Autonomous Therapeutics, IMEC, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), WG3 "Breakthrough Innovation", Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
- European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), WG3 "Breakthrough Innovation", Brussels, Belgium.
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Ren J, Yang X, Yan W, Feng X, Zhao Y, Chen L. mPEG-b-PES-b-mPEG-based candidate hemodialysis membrane with enhanced performance in sieving, flux, and hemocompatibility. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Membranes for extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO): history, preparation, modification and mass transfer. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Braune S, Bäckemo J, Lau S, Heuchel M, Kratz K, Jung F, Reinthaler M, Lendlein A. The influence of different rewetting procedures on the thrombogenicity of nanoporous poly(ether imide) microparticles. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 77:367-380. [PMID: 33337356 DOI: 10.3233/ch-201029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous microparticles prepared from poly(ether imide) (PEI) are discussed as candidate adsorber materials for the removal of uremic toxins during apheresis. Polymers exhibiting such porosity can induce the formation of micro-gas/air pockets when exposed to fluids. Such air presenting material surfaces are reported to induce platelet activation and thrombus formation. Physical or chemical treatments prior to implantation are discussed to reduce the formation of such gas nuclei. Here, we report about the influence of different rewetting procedures - as chemical treatments with solvents - on the thrombogenicity of hydrophobic PEI microparticles and PEI microparticles hydrophilized by covalent attachment of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) of two different chain lengths.Autoclaved dry PEI particles of all types with a diameter range of 200 - 250 μm and a porosity of about 84% ±2% were either rewetted directly with phosphate buffered saline (24 h) or after immersion in an ethanol-series. Thrombogenicity of the particles was studied in vitro upon contact with human sodium citrated whole blood for 60 min at 5 rpm vertical rotation. Numbers of non-adherent platelets were quantified, and adhesion of blood cells was qualitatively analyzed by bright field microscopy. Platelet activation (percentage of CD62P positive platelets and amounts of soluble P-Selectin) and platelet function (PFA100 closure times) were analysed.Retention of blood platelets on the particles was similar for all particle types and both rewetting procedures. Non-adherent platelets were less activated after contact with ethanol-treated particles of all types compared to those rewetted with phosphate buffered saline as assessed by a reduced number of CD62P-positive platelets and reduced amounts of secreted P-Selectin (P < 0.05 each). Interestingly, the hydrophilic surfaces significantly increased the number of activated platelets compared to hydrophobic PEI regardless of the rewetting agent. This suggests that, apart from wettability, other material properties might be more important to regulate platelet activation. PFA100 closure times were reduced and within the reference ranges in the ethanol group, however, significantly increased in the saline group. No substantial difference was detected between the tested surface modifications. In summary, rewetting with ethanol resulted in a reduced thrombogenicity of all studied microparticles regardless of their wettability, most likely resulting from the evacuation of air from the nanoporous particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Braune
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - J Bäckemo
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - S Lau
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - M Heuchel
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - K Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - M Reinthaler
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Department for Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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6
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Heparin immobilized graphene oxide in polyetherimide membranes for hemodialysis with enhanced hemocompatibility and removal of uremic toxins. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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7
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Xix-Rodriguez C, Varguez-Catzim P, Alonzo-García A, Rodriguez-Fuentes N, Vázquez-Torres H, González-Diaz A, Aguilar-Vega M, González-Díaz MO. Amphiphilic poly(lactic acid) membranes with low fouling and enhanced hemodiafiltration. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Sikorska W, Wasyłeczko M, Przytulska M, Wojciechowski C, Rokicki G, Chwojnowski A. Chemical Degradation of PSF-PUR Blend Hollow Fiber Membranes-Assessment of Changes in Properties and Morphology after Hydrolysis. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 33445806 PMCID: PMC7828234 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we focused on obtaining polysulfone-polyurethane (PSF-PUR) blend partly degradable hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) with different compositions while maintaining a constant PSF:PUR = 8:2 weight ratio. It was carried out through hydrolysis, and evaluation of the properties and morphology before and after the hydrolysis process while maintaining a constant cut-off. The obtained membranes were examined for changes in ultrafiltration coefficient (UFC), retention, weight loss, morphology assessment using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MeMoExplorer™ Software, as well as using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) method. The results of the study showed an increase in the UFC value after the hydrolysis process, changes in retention, mass loss, and FT-IR spectra. The evaluation in MeMoExplorer™ Software showed the changes in membranes' morphology. It was confirmed that polyurethane (PUR) was partially degraded, the percentage of ester bonds has an influence on the degradation process, and PUR can be used as a pore precursor instead of superbly known polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Sikorska
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Monika Wasyłeczko
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Małgorzata Przytulska
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Cezary Wojciechowski
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Gabriel Rokicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Street, 00-644 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Chwojnowski
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
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Zhong D, Wang Z, Zhou J, Wang Y. Additive-free preparation of hemodialysis membranes from block copolymers of polysulfone and polyethylene glycol. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Zhang X, Liang Y, Ni C, Li Y. Anti-biofouling microfiltration membranes based on 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride grafted PVDF with improved bactericidal properties and vitro biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111411. [PMID: 33255013 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) porous membranes have been widely used as the filtration and separation industry. Herein, novel microfiltration membranes based on 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride ([VBIm][Cl]) grafted PVDF (PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]) were prepared via the non-solvent induced phase separation method. The chemical composition and microstructure of PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and Water contact angle measurements. The results showed that an increasing in [VBIm][Cl] grafting content leads to the increasing hydrophilicity and wetting capacity of the PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] porous membranes. The anti-biofouling properties of membranes were evaluated by measuring the water flux before and after Bovine serum albumin solution treatment. It was found that the modified membranes presented a good anti-biofouling property. The degree of irreversible flux loss caused by protein adsorption dramatically reduced from 42.1% to 2.9% compared with the pristine hydrophobic PVDF membranes. Meanwhile, these PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes also exhibited excellent bactericidal properties against both gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus saureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, while PVDF membranes did not show any antibacterial activity. The vitro biocompatibility of the modified membranes was studied by hemolysis analysis, the platelet adhesion observation, thromboelastography assay and cytotoxicity assay. It was found that the incorporation of [VBIm][Cl] into PVDF membranes has less effect on the hemolysis and cytotoxicity of PVDF membranes. Furthermore, both hydrophilicity and charges of the membrane surface played important role in the adhesion and activation of platelet cells, which consequently affected the clotting process of whole blood. The membrane with appropriate [VBIm][Cl] grafting ratio (2.94 wt.%) exhibited good hemocompatibility with less blood coagulation effect. As an ultrafiltration membrane, PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes have potential applications in the biomedical field due to the improved antibacterial property and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunjun Ni
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjin Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Bacchin P, Snisarenko D, Stamatialis D, Aimar P, Causserand C. Combining fluorescence and permeability measurements in a membrane microfluidic device to study protein sorption mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Geremia I, Pavlenko D, Maksymow K, Rüth M, Lemke HD, Stamatialis D. Ex vivo evaluation of the blood compatibility of mixed matrix haemodialysis membranes. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:118-128. [PMID: 32447066 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The patients with end stage kidney disease need haemodialysis therapies, using an artificial kidney. Nevertheless, the current therapies cannot remove a broad range of uremic toxins compared to the natural kidney. Adsorption therapies, using sorbent-based columns, can improve the clearance of uremic toxins, but the sorbent particles often require polymeric coatings to improve their haemocompatibility leading to mass transfer limitations and to lowering of their performance. Earlier, we have developed a dual layer Mixed Matrix fiber Membrane (MMM) based on polyethersulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PES/PVP) polymer blends. There, the sorbent activated carbon particles are embedded in the outer membrane layer for achieving higher removal whereas the inner blood contacting selective membrane layer should achieve optimal blood compatibility. In this work, we evaluate in detail the haemocompatibility of the MMM following the norm ISO 10993-4. We study two generations of MMM having different dimensions and transport characteristics; one with low flux and no albumin leakage and another with high flux but some albumin leakage. The results are compared to those of home-made PES/PVP single layer hollow fiber and to various control fibers already applied in the clinic. Our results show that the low flux MMM successfully avoids contact of blood with the activated carbon and has good haemocompatibility, comparable to membranes currently used in the clinic. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Haemodialysis is a life-sustaining extracorporeal treatment for renal disease, however a broad range of uremic toxins cannot still be removed. In our previous works we showed that a double layer Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) composed of polyethersulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone and activated carbon can achieve higher removal of uremic toxics compared to commercial haemodialysers. In this work we evaluate the haemocompatibility profile of the MMM in order to facilitate its clinical implementation. The lumen particle-free layer of the MMM successfully avoids the contact of blood with the poorly blood-compatible activated carbon. Moreover, thanks to the high amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone and to the smoothness of the lumen layer, the MMM has very good haemocompatibility, comparable to membranes currently used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Geremia
- (Bio)artificial organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, TechMed Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - D Pavlenko
- (Bio)artificial organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, TechMed Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - K Maksymow
- eXcorLab GmbH, Industrie Center Obernburg, Obernburg, Germany
| | - M Rüth
- eXcorLab GmbH, Industrie Center Obernburg, Obernburg, Germany
| | - H D Lemke
- eXcorLab GmbH, Industrie Center Obernburg, Obernburg, Germany
| | - D Stamatialis
- (Bio)artificial organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, TechMed Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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Hollow fiber membranes for long-term hemodialysis based on polyethersulfone-SlipSkin™ polymer blends. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Hu W, He X, Bai Y, Zheng L, Hu Y, Wang P, Liu X, Jia K. Synthesis and self-assembly of polyethersulfone-based amphiphilic block copolymers as microparticles for suspension immunosensors. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01701a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyethersulfone (PES) based amphiphilic block copolymer has been synthesized and transformed into immunological microparticles via confined emulsion self-assembly and surface biomodification, opens the in-vitro diagnostic application of PES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Hu
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- 610054 Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- 610054 Chengdu
- China
| | - Yun Bai
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- 610054 Chengdu
- China
| | - Li Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- Sichuan University
- 610051 Chengdu
- China
| | - Yiguo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- Sichuan University
- 610051 Chengdu
- China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Chengdu University
- 610106 Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- 610054 Chengdu
- China
| | - Kun Jia
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- 610054 Chengdu
- China
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Zhang J, Shi Z, He C, Song X, Yang Y, Sun S, Zhao W, Zhao C. Urease immobilized GO core@shell heparin-mimicking polymer beads with safe and effective urea removal for blood purification. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 156:1503-1511. [PMID: 31783078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbents are usually used to remove uremic toxins for blood purification. However, the removal of urea is still an intractable problem, since no effective material has been found for urea removal by physical adsorption. Here, urease immobilized graphene oxide core@shell heparin-mimicking polymer (U-GO-HMP) beads were designed, which exhibited good urea removal ability with a removal amount of about 635 mg/g and a removal ratio of about 80% from urea solution. In addition, urea could be removed from collected dialysate and the removal ratio could reach 60% within 480 min. Beyond that, the U-GO-HMP beads also showed good reusability with sustainable relative activity after 5 cycles. Furthermore, the U-GO-HMP beads exhibited good blood compatibility with low hemolysis ratio, suppressed complement activation and contact activation, as well as increased clotting times. It is worthy believing that the U-GO-HMP beads may have great potential in the field of blood purification for urea removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhenqiang Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xin Song
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shudong Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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