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Wu JC, Chang JY, Yuan X, Khan E, Ok YS, Hou CH. Upcycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into high-performance activated carbon for electrochemical desalination. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143029. [PMID: 39111673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Upcycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles has attracted intensive research interests. This simultaneously alleviates plastic pollution and achieves a waste-to-resource strategy. Waste PET water bottles were used to fabricate value-added activated carbon (AC) electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI). The KOH activation temperature (greater than 700 °C) prominently affected the physi-chemical properties and desalination performance of PET-derived activated carbons (PET-AC). Profiting from a large Brunauer-Emmet-Teller specific surface area (1448 m2 g-1) with a good mesoporous structure (the ratio of the mesopore volume to the total pore volume was 41.3%), PET-AC-1000 (activated at 1000 °C) possessed a huge specific capacitance of 108 F g-1 for capacitive ion storage. Moreover, when utilized as the electrode material in single-pass CDI, PET-AC-1000 exhibited a maximum electrosorption capacity of 10.82 ± 0.11 mg g-1 and a low level of energy consumption (0.07 kWh mol-1), associated with good electrochemical charging-discharging cyclic stability. The results provide a promising facile approach to tackle the challenge of plastic pollution and promote the advancement of electrode materials for economic affordable and energy-efficient electrochemical desalination process, which meets the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Cih Wu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Yao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xiangzhou Yuan
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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2
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Mer K, Egiebor NO, Tao W, Sajjadi B, Wijethunga UK, Leem G. Capacitive removal of Pb ions via electrosorption on novel willow biochar-manganese dioxide composites. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:999-1012. [PMID: 36215094 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2135028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from lignocellulosic biomass has been used as a low-cost adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications. Due to its rich porous structure and good electrical conductivity, biochar can be used as a cost-effective electrode material for capacitive deionization of water. In this work, willow biochar was prepared through carbonization of shrub willow chips, activated with potassium hydroxide, and loaded with manganese dioxide (WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite). The prepared materials were used to electrochemically adsorb Pb2+ from aqueous solutions. Under the applied potential of 1.0 V, the WBC-K-MnO2 electrode exhibited a high Pb2+ specific electrosorption capacity (23.3 mg/g) as compared to raw willow biochar (4.0 mg/g) and activated willow biochar (9.2 mg/g). KOH activation followed by MnO2 loading on the surface of raw biochar enhanced its BET surface area (178.7 m2/g) and mesoporous volume ratio (42.1%). Moreover, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite exhibited the highest specific capacitance value of 234.3 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. The electrosorption isotherms and kinetic data were well explained by the Freundlich and pseudo-second order models, respectively. The WBC-K-MnO2 electrode demonstrated excellent reusability with a Pb2+ electrosorption efficiency of 76.3% after 15 cycles. Thus, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite can serve as a promising candidate for capacitive deionization of heavy metal contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Mer
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nosa O Egiebor
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wendong Tao
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Baharak Sajjadi
- School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Udani K Wijethunga
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gyu Leem
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Liu R, Yao S, Shen Y, Tian Y, Zhang Q. Preparation of N-Doped Layered Porous Carbon and Its Capacitive Deionization Performance. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1435. [PMID: 36837070 PMCID: PMC9959112 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, N-doped layered porous carbon prepared by the high-temperature solid-state method is used as electrode material. Nano calcium carbonate (CaCO3) (40 nm diameter) is used as the hard template, sucrose (C12H22O11) as the carbon source, and melamine (C3H6N6) as the nitrogen source. The materials prepared at 850 °C, 750 °C, and 650 °C are compared with YP-50F commercial super-activated carbon from Japan Kuraray Company. The electrode material at 850 °C pyrolysis temperature has a higher specific surface area and more pores suitable for ion adsorption. Due to these advantages, the salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of the N-doped layered porous carbon at 850 °C reached 12.56 mg/g at 1.2 V applied DC voltage, 500 mg/L initial solution concentration, and 15 mL/min inlet solution flow rate, which is better than the commercial super activated carbon as a comparison. In addition, it will be demonstrated that the N-doped layered porous carbon at 850 °C has a high salt adsorption capacity CDI performance than YP-50F by studying parameters with different applied voltages and flow rates as well as solution concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.Y.)
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4
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Zhang B, Li J, Hu B, Wang Y, Shang X, Nie P, Yang J, Liu J. Flexible δ-MnO2 nanosheet-infixed porous carbon nanofibers for capacitive deionization. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Jiang D, Shi Y, Zhou L, Ma J, Pan H, Lin Q. Promotional Effect of Nitrogen-doped and Pore Structure for the direct synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide from Hydrogen and Oxygen by Pd/C Catalyst at Ambient Pressure. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Chu M, Tian W, Zhao J, Zou M, Lu Z, Zhang D, Jiang J. A comprehensive review of capacitive deionization technology with biochar-based electrodes: Biochar-based electrode preparation, deionization mechanism and applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136024. [PMID: 35973487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The recently developed techniques for desalination and wastewater treatment are costly and unsustainable. Therefore, a cost-effective and sustainable approach is essential to achieve desalination through wastewater treatment. Capacitive deionization (CDI), an electrochemical desalination technology, has been developed as a novel water treatment technology with great potential. The electrode material is one of the key factors that promotes the development of CDI technology and broadens the scope of CDI applications. Biochar-based electrode materials have attracted increasing attention from researchers because of their advantages, such as environmentally friendly, economical, and renewable properties. This paper reviews the methods for preparing biochar-based electrode materials and elaborates on the mechanism of CDI ion storage. We then summarize the applications of CDI technology in water treatment, analyze the mechanism of pollutant removal and resource recovery, and discuss the applicability of different CDI configurations, including hybrid CDI systems. In addition, the paper notes that environmentally friendly green activators that facilitate the development of pore structure should be developed more often to avoid the adverse environmental impact. The development of ion-selective electrode materials should be enhanced and it is necessary to comprehensively assess the impact of heteroatoms on selective ion removal and CDI performance. Electrooxidation of organic pollutants should be further promoted to achieve organic degradation by extending to redox reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meile Chu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Weijun Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Zou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Dantong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Junfeng Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
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Engineered biochar prepared using a self-template coupled with physicochemical activation for highly efficient adsorption of crystal violet. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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El-Deen AG, El-kholly HK, Ali MEM, Ibrahim HS, Zahran M, Helal M, Choi JH. Polystyrene sulfonate coated activated graphene aerogel for boosting desalination performance using capacitive deionization. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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9
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Cuong DV, Hou CH. Nickel hexacyanoferrate incorporated with reduced graphene oxide for highly efficient intercalation desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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10
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Wang S, Chen D, Zhang ZX, Hu Y, Quan H. Mesopore dominated capacitive deionization of N-doped hierarchically porous carbon for water purification. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Enhanced capacitive removal of hardness ions by hierarchical porous carbon cathode with high mesoporosity and negative surface charges. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:277-286. [PMID: 34995864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI), as a promising desalination technology, has been widely applied for water purification, heavy metal removal and water softening. In this study, the hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) with extremely large specific surface area (∼1636 m2 g-1), high mesoporosity and negative surface charges, was successfully prepared by one-step carbonization of magnesium citrate and acid etching. HPC carbonized at 800 ℃ exhibited an excellent specific capacitance (207.2 F g-1). The negative surface charge characteristic of HPC was demonstrated by potential of zero charge test. With HPC-800 as a CDI cathode, the super high adsorption capacity of hardness ions (Mg2+: 472 μmol g-1, Ca2+: 425 μmol g-1) with ultrafast adsorption rate was realized, attributed to its abundant mesoporous structure and negative surface charges. The priority order of ion adsorption on HPC in the multi-component salt solution was Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ ≈ Na+. The desalination and softening of the actual brackish water have been simultaneously achieved by three-cell CDI stack after four times of adsorption, with 63% decrease of total dissolved solids and 76% reduction of hardness. The current HPC material with outstanding adsorption performance for hardness ions shows great potential in brackish water purification.
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12
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Dinh VC, Hou CH, Dao TN. O, N-doped porous biochar by air oxidation for enhancing heavy metal removal: The role of O, N functional groups. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133622. [PMID: 35033519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen- and nitrogen-doped porous oxidized biochar (O,N-doped OBC) was fabricated in this study. Biochar (BC) can be enriched in surface functional groups (O and N) and the porosity can be improved by a simple, convenient and green procedure. BC was oxidized at 200 °C in an air atmosphere with quality control via oxidation time changes. As the oxidation time increased, the O and N contents and porosity of the materials improved. After 1.5 h of oxidation, the O and N contents of O,N-doped OBC-1.5 were 54.4% and 3.9%, higher than those of BC, which were 33.4% and 1.8%, respectively. The specific surface area and pore volume of O,N-doped OBC-1.5 were 88.5 m2 g-1 and 0.07 cm3 g-1, respectively, which were greater than those of BC. The improved surface functionality and porosity resulted in an increased heavy metal removal efficiency. As a result, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(II) by O,N-doped OBC was 23.32 mg L-1, which was twofold higher than that of pristine BC. Additionally, for a multiple ion solution, O,N-doped OBC-1.5 showed a greater adsorption behavior toward Cu(II) than Zn(II) and Ni(II). In a batch experiment, the concentration of Cu(II) decreased 92.3% after 90 min. In a filtration experiment, the O,N-doped OBC-based filter achieved a Cu(II) removal capacity of 12.90 mg g-1 and breakthrough time after 250 min. Importantly, the chemical mechanism was mainly governed by monolayer adsorption of Cu(II) onto a homogeneous surface of O,N-doped OBC-1.5. Surface complexation and electrostatic attraction were considered to be the chemical mechanisms governing the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Cuong Dinh
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam.
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Ninh Dao
- Faculty of Economics and Construction Management, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
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Datar SD, Mane R, Jha N. Recent progress in materials and architectures for capacitive deionization: A comprehensive review. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10696. [PMID: 35289462 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization is an emerging and rapidly developing electrochemical technique for water desalination across the globe with exponential growth in publications. There are various architectures and materials being explored to obtain utmost electrosorption performance. The symmetric architectures consist of the same material on both electrodes, while asymmetric architectures have electrodes loaded with different materials. Asymmetric architectures possess higher electrosorption performance as compared with that of symmetric architectures owing to the inclusion of either faradaic materials, redox-active electrolytes, or ion specific pre-intercalation material. With the materials perspective, faradaic materials have higher electrosorption performance than carbon-based materials owing to the occurrence of faradaic reactions for electrosorption. Moreover, the architecture and material may be tailored in order to obtain desired selectivity of the target component and heavy metal present in feed water. In this review, we describe recent developments in architectures and materials for capacitive deionization and summarize the characteristics and salt removal performances. Further, we discuss recently reported architectures and materials for the removal of heavy metals and radioactive materials. The factors that affect the electrosorption performance including the synthesis procedure for electrode materials, incorporation of additives, operational modes, and organic foulants are further illustrated. This review concludes with several perspectives to provide directions for further development in the subject of capacitive deionization. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a rapidly developing electrochemical water desalination technique with exponential growth in publications. Faradaic materials have higher salt removal capacity (SAC) because of reversible redox reactions or ion-intercalation processes. Combination of CDI with other techniques exhibits improved selectivity and removal of heavy metals. Operational parameters and materials properties affect SAC. In future, comprehensive experimentation is needed to have better understanding of the performance of CDI architectures and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreerang D Datar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Rupali Mane
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Neetu Jha
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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Cuong DV, Wu PC, Liou SYH, Hou CH. An integrated active biochar filter and capacitive deionization system for high-performance removal of arsenic from groundwater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127084. [PMID: 34488095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An integrated process of filtration and electrosorption was first applied to enable high-performance arsenic removal for groundwater remediation. An active manganese dioxide-rice husk biochar composite (active BC) filter was utilized for oxidization of As(III) to As(V) and initial removal of As(III, V). Subsequently, electrosorption by capacitive deionization (CDI) was applied as a posttreatment to improve arsenic removal. The active BC approach exhibited fast removal rates of 0.75 and 0.63 g mg-1 h-1 and high maximum removal capacities of 40.76 and 48.15 mg g-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively. Importantly, column experiments demonstrated that the arsenic removal capacity in the active BC filter was 2.88 mg g-1, which was 72 times higher than that of BC. The results were due to the high efficiency (94%) of redox transformation of As(III) to As(V). The electrosorptive removal of arsenic was further controlled by changing the voltage in CDI. With a charging step of 1.2 V, the total arsenic concentration can be reduced to 0.001 mg L-1 with a low energy consumption of 0.0066 kW h m-3. Furthermore, the integrated system can remove As from real groundwater to achieve the World Health Organization guideline value for drinking water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Viet Cuong
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Po-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sofia Ya Hsuan Liou
- Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Silva AP, Argondizo A, Juchen PT, Ruotolo LA. Ultrafast capacitive deionization using rice husk activated carbon electrodes. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Xiaoxian H, Xiaobo M, Haiying W, Xinyu L, Yuhong H, Weichun Y. Enhanced capacitive deionization boosted by Co and N co-doping in carbon materials. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Yang W, Zhou M, Ma L. A continuous flow-through system with integration of electrosorption and peroxi-coagulation for efficient removal of organics. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129983. [PMID: 33979916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A flow-through reactor with integration of electrosorption (ES) and peroxi-coagulation (PC) processes was designed for organics removal. Impacts of key parameters (solution pH, flow rate, initial concentration of organics, applied voltage) on the removal efficiency of Orange II were explored. Under the optimized conditions, 93% removal efficiency and 1043 mg g-1 removal capacity of Orange II could be obtained with an energy consumption of 31.9 kWh m-3 order-1. Controlled experiments of ES for pollutants removal, and the detections of dissolved irons and the generated hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were conducted, demonstrating the coupling effect and contribution ratio of ES and PC for organics removal in this flow-through system. The spatiotemporal efficiency of the integrated flow-through system was more than 10 times of conventional ES system, providing more potential for practical application of wastewater treatment. The flow-through system was also verified to be advantageous for removal of other organic pollutants including 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, phenol and methylene blue with high removal efficiencies. This study proved that the integrated flow-through process was an efficient, comparative and applicable method for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilu Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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18
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One-Step Preparation of Biochar Electrodes and Their Applications in Sediment Microbial Electrochemical Systems. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a kind of carbon-rich material formed by pyrolysis of biomass at high temperature in the absence or limitation of oxygen. It has abundant pore structure and a large surface area, which could be considered the beneficial characteristics for electrodes of microbial electrochemical systems. In this study, reed was used as the raw material of biochar and six biochar-based electrode materials were obtained by three methods, including one-step biochar cathodes (BC 800 and BC 700), biochar/polyethylene composite cathodes (BP 5:5 and BP 6:4), and biochar/polyaniline/hot-melt adhesive composite cathode (BPP 5:1:4 and BPP 4:1:5). The basic physical properties and electrochemical properties of the self-made biochar electrode materials were characterized. Selected biochar-based electrode materials were used as the cathode of sediment microbial electrochemical reactors. The reactor with pure biochar electrode (BC 800) achieves a maximum output power density of 9.15 ± 0.02 mW/m2, which increases the output power by nearly 80% compared with carbon felt. When using a biochar/polyaniline/hot-melt adhesive (BPP 5:1:4) composite cathode, the output power was increased by 2.33 times. Under the premise of ensuring the molding of the material, the higher the content of biochar, the better the electrochemical performance of the electrodes. The treatment of reed powder before pyrolysis is an important factor for the molding of biochar. The one-step molding biochar cathode had satisfactory performance in sediment microbial electrochemical systems. By exploring the biochar-based electrode, waste biomass could be reused, which is beneficial for the environment.
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Hydrangea-like nitrogen-doped porous carbons derived from NH2-MIL-53(Al) for high-performance capacitive deionization. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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20
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Dong Q, Yang D, Luo L, He Q, Cai F, Cheng S, Chen Y. Engineering porous biochar for capacitive fluorine removal. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Cuong DV, Wu PC, Chen LI, Hou CH. Active MnO 2/biochar composite for efficient As(III) removal: Insight into the mechanisms of redox transformation and adsorption. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116495. [PMID: 33065416 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, an active MnO2/rice husk biochar (BC) composite (MBC) was prepared to enhance As(III) removal for groundwater remediation. The MBC material obtained an improved porous structure (i.e., specific surface area, pore volume and mesoporosity) with MnO2, providing abundant reaction or interaction sites for surface or interface-related processes such as redox transformation and adsorption of arsenic. As a result, a significant enhancement in arsenic removal can be achieved by using MBC. More specifically, MBC showed a high removal capacity for As(III), which was tenfold higher than that of BC. This improvement can be ascribed to the redox transformation of As(III) via MnO2, resulting in the more effective removal of As(V) species. In addition, pH was an important factor that could influence the As(III) removal capacity. Under alkaline conditions, the As(III, V) removal capacity of MBC was clearly lower than those under acidic and neutral conditions due to the negative effects of electrostatic repulsion. Importantly, a powerful transformation capability of As(III) via MBC was presented; namely, only 5.9% As(III) remained in solution under neutral conditions. Both MnO2 and the BC substrate contributed to the removal of arsenic by MBC. MnO2 delivered Mn-OH functional groups to generate surface complexes with As(V) produced by As(III) oxidation, while the reduced Mn(II) and As(V) could precipitate on the MBC surface. The BC substrate also provided COOH and OH functional groups for As(III, V) removal by a surface complexation mechanism. Note that the application of MBC in the treatment of simulated groundwater demonstrated an efficient arsenic removal of 94.6% and a concentration of arsenic as low as the 10 µg L-1 WHO guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Viet Cuong
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Faculty of Environmental Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Po-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lo-I Chen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Ren L, Zhou J, Xiong S, Wang Y. N-Doping Carbon-Nanotube Membrane Electrodes Derived from Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Capacitive Deionization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12030-12037. [PMID: 32957785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly electrochemical desalination technology which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Electrodes are crucial to the performance of CDI processes, and utilizing a carbon-nanotubes (CNTs) membrane to fabricate electrodes is an attractive solution for advanced CDI processes. However, the strong hydrophobicity and low electrosorption capacity limit applications of CNTs membranes in CDI. To solve this problem, we introduce crystalline porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into CNTs membranes to fabricate N-doping carbon-nanotubes membrane electrodes (NCMEs). After solvothermal growth and carbonization, CNTs membranes are successfully coated with imine-based COFs and turned into integrated NCMEs. Comparing with the CNTs membranes, the NCMEs exhibit an ∼2.3 times higher electrosorption capacity and superior reusability. This study not only confirms that COFs can be used as high-quality carbon sources but also provides a new strategy to fabricate high-performance CDI electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiemei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Sen Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
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