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Adamou P, Harkou E, Villa A, Constantinou A, Dimitratos N. Ultrasonic reactor set-ups and applications: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 107:106925. [PMID: 38810367 PMCID: PMC11157283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Sonochemistry contributes to green science as it uses less hazardous solvents and methods to carry out a reaction. In this review, different reactor designs are discussed in detail providing the necessary knowledge for implementing various processes. The main characteristics of ultrasonic batch systems are their low cost and enhanced mixing; however, they still have immense drawbacks such as their scalability. Continuous flow reactors offer enhanced production yields as the limited cognition which governs the design of these sonoreactors, renders them unusable in industry. In addition, microstructured sonoreactors show improved heat and mass transfer phenomena due to their small size but suffer though from clogging. The optimisation of various conditions of regulations, such as temperature, frequency of ultrasound, intensity of irradiation, sonication time, pressure amplitude and reactor design, it is also discussed to maximise the production rates and yields of reactions taking place in sonoreactors. The optimisation of operating parameters and the selection of the reactor system must be considered to each application's requirements. A plethora of different applications that ultrasound waves can be implemented are in the biochemical and petrochemical engineering, the chemical synthesis of materials, the crystallisation of organic and inorganic substances, the wastewater treatment, the extraction processes and in medicine. Sonochemistry must overcome challenges that consider the scalability of processes and its embodiment into commercial applications, through extensive studies for understanding the designs and the development of computational tools to implement timesaving and efficient theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Adamou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Eleana Harkou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Achilleas Constantinou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Na I, Son Y. Sonochemical oxidation activity in 20-kHz probe-type sonicator systems: The effects of probe positions and vessel sizes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 108:106959. [PMID: 38896894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The 20-kHz probe-type sonicator systems were investigated for the enhancement of the cavitational oxidation activity under various geometric conditions including vertical and horizontal probe positions and vessel sizes/volumes as a following study to our previous study. The sonochemical oxidation activity (mass-based I3- ion generation rate) increased significantly for all vessel size conditions as the probe was placed close to the vessel bottom, owing to the expansion of the sonochemical active zone induced by the reflections of ultrasound at the bottom and the reactor wall. A concentric circular active zone is observed at positions close to the bottom. The highest sonochemical activity was obtained at 1 cm (vertical position) in the 20 cm vessels (input power: 50 %). At the vertical positions of 11 cm to 7 cm, no significant difference in the sonochemical activity was observed for all input power conditions (25, 50, and 75 %) because no meaningful reflections occurred. Higher sonochemical activities were obtained at an input power of 75 % owing to the increased power and strong reflection. The highest cavitational yield considering the energy efficiency was obtained at 6 cm (vertical position) for 75 % of all power and geometric conditions. Horizontal probe position tests showed that the asymmetric formation of the sonochemical active zone could significantly enhance the sonochemical activity. The highest activity was obtained at 1 cm (vertical position) and 2.5 cm (horizontal position) in the 20 cm vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseul Na
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyu Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea.
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Dubey A, Tripathy PP. Ultrasound-mediated hydration of finger millet: Effects on antinutrients, techno-functional and bioactive properties, with evaluation of ANN-PSO and RSM optimization methods. Food Chem 2024; 435:137516. [PMID: 37774624 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Finger millet, rich in nutrients, faces bioavailability limitations due to antinutrients like phytates and tannins that can be reduced by ultrasound mediated hydration (USH). Here, USH process of finger millet was optimized by varying ultrasound amplitude, water to grain ratio (W:G), treatment time, and frequency for reducing antinutrients and improving techno-functional attributes. USH resulted in a maximum reduction of 73% and 71% in phytates and tannins, respectively. The process was modeled using artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM). ANN outperformed RSM in process prediction, and particle swarm optimization (ANN-PSO) suggested optimal conditions: 76% amplitude, W:G of 3.5:1, 17.5 min treatment time at 40 kHz. USH samples showed higher β-sheet, β-turn, and random coil proportions, with lower α-helix levels. Multivariate analysis also identified higher amplitude and frequency, with shorter treatment time as desirable USH conditions. USH could aid in enhancing commercial viability and nutritional quality of finger millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Dubey
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Punyadarshini Punam Tripathy
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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Hong X, Song X, Wu X, Yang C, Gong D, Zhang G. Treatments of heating and ultrasound improve the inhibition of gallocatechin gallate on tyrosinase. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3896-3906. [PMID: 36321508 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallocatechin gallate (GCG), a catechin of tea polyphenols, possesses inhibitory ability against tyrosinase, but few studies have reported how common processing methods affect it. In this research, the influence of heating and ultrasound treatments on the inhibition of GCG against tyrosinase was explored by ultraviolet-visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Both heating and ultrasound treatments of GCG alone improved GCG's inhibitory ability against tyrosinase compared with the untreated, and a combination of heating and ultrasound treatment (100 °C, 20 min + 630 W, 20 min) further decreased the relative tyrosinase activity to 26.8%. The treated GCG exhibited a stronger fluorescence quenching effect on tyrosinase, but did not have any influence on the static quenching mechanism. Compared to the untreated GCG, the binding constants of treated GCG by heating, ultrasound and their combination with tyrosinase significantly increased, but the number of binding sites was still approximately one and the main driving force of the treated GCG was still hydrophobic interaction. After treatments of heating, ultrasound and their combination, the composition of GCG solutions was changed. CONCLUSION The enhanced inhibition of treated GCG on tyrosinase may be due to partial conversion of GCG into epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA), which may cooperate with GCG to better inhibit the enzyme activity. This study has provided some valuable information for the application of catechins against tyrosinase in food processing and cosmetic industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Change Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Choi J, Son Y. Effect of dissolved gases on sonochemical oxidation in a 20 kHz probe system: Continuous monitoring of dissolved oxygen concentration and sonochemical oxidation activity. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 97:106452. [PMID: 37245263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved gases have a substantial influence on acoustic cavitation and sonochemical oxidation reactions. Little research on the changes in dissolved gases and the resultant changes in sonochemical oxidation has been reported, and most studies have focused only on the initial dissolved gas conditions. In this study, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was measured continuously during ultrasonic irradiation using an optical sensor in different gas modes (saturation/open, saturation/closed, and sparging/closed modes). Simultaneously, the resulting changes in sonochemical oxidation were quantified using KI dosimetry. In the saturation/open mode using five gas conditions of Ar and O2, the DO concentration decreased rapidly when O2 was present because of active gas exchange with the atmosphere, and the DO concentration increased when 100% Ar was used. As a result, the order of the zero-order reaction constant for the first 10 min (k0-10) decreased in the order Ar:O2 (75:25) > 100% Ar ≈ Ar:O2 (50:50) > Ar:O2 (25:75) > 100% O2, whereas that during the last 10 min (k20-30) when the DO concentration was relatively stable, decreased in the order 100% Ar > Ar:O2 (75:25) > Ar:O2 (50:50) ≈ Ar:O2 (20:75) > 100% O2. In the saturation/closed mode, the DO concentration decreased to approximately 70-80% of the initial level because of ultrasonic degassing, and there was no influence of gases other than Ar and O2. Consequently, k0-10 and k20-30 decreased in the order Ar:O2 (75:25) > Ar:O2 (50:50) > Ar:O2 (25:75) > 100% Ar > 100% O2. In the sparging/closed mode, the DO concentration was maintained at approximately 90% of the initial level because of the more active gas adsorption induced by gas sparging, and the values of k0-10 and k20-30 were almost the same as those in the saturation/closed mode. In the saturation/open and sparging/closed modes, the Ar:O2 (75:25) condition was most favorable for enhancing sonochemical oxidation. However, a comparison of k0-10 and k20-30 indicated that there would be an optimal dissolved gas condition that was different from the initial gas condition. In addition, the mass-transfer and ultrasonic-degassing coefficients were calculated using changes in the DO concentration in the three modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbok Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyu Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea.
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Peng S, Zhu M, Li S, Ma X, Hu F. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from Chinese propolis. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1131959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPropolis is a beneficial bioactive food with rich polyphenols content. Nowadays, an increasing interest is attracted to the extraction of polyphenols from raw propolis. This study utilized the novel ultrasound-assisted approach for polyphenol extraction from Chinese propolis, aiming to improve its extraction yield and reveal the relevant mechanisms via extraction kinetic study as well as the compositional and structural analysis.MethodsThe optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized according to the total phenolic content and total flavonoids content. Compositional and structural analysis were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).Results and discussionThe optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were as follows: ratio of liquid to solid, 60:1; ultrasound power, 135 W; ultrasound duration, 20 min. Under the optimum conditions, the antioxidant activities of the extract were increased by 95.55% and 64.46% by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability assay and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging ability assay, respectively, compared to those obtained by traditional maceration. The second-order kinetics model was employed to study the extraction process; it was found that ultrasound significantly accelerated the extraction of propolis and increased the maximum extraction volume of phenolic compounds. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenol compositions showed that ultrasound did not change the polyphenol types in the extract but it significantly improved the contents of various flavonoids and phenolic acids such as galangin, chrysin, pinocembrin, pinobanksin and isoferulic acid. Likewise, the FT-IR analysis indicated that the types of functional groups were similar in the two extracts. The SEM analysis revealed that the ultrasound-assisted extraction enhanced the contact areas between propolis and ethanol by breaking down the propolis particles and eroding the propolis surface.
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Chen S, Zhang H, Yang L, Zhang S, Jiang H. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Conditions for Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Activity of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf by an RSM-ANN-GA Hybrid Approach. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030619. [PMID: 36766147 PMCID: PMC9914185 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a response surface methodology and an artificial neural network coupled with a genetic algorithm (RSM-ANN-GA) was used to predict and estimate the optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of Poria cocos. The ingredient yield and antioxidant potential were determined with different independent variables of ethanol concentration (X1; 25-75%), extraction time (X2; 30-50 min), and extraction solution volume (mL) (X3; 20-60 mL). The optimal conditions were predicted by the RSM-ANN-GA model to be 55.53% ethanol concentration for 48.64 min in 60.00 mL solvent for four triterpenoid acids, and 40.49% ethanol concentration for 30.25 min in 20.00 mL solvent for antioxidant activity and total polysaccharide and phenolic contents. The evaluation of the two modeling strategies showed that RSM-ANN-GA provided better predictability and greater accuracy than the response surface methodology for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of P. cocos. These findings provided guidance on efficient extraction of P. cocos and a feasible analysis/modeling optimization process for the extraction of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haiyang Jiang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62734478; Fax: +86-010-62731032
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Yeh YM, Tsai TY, Yang CY. Encapsulation and release kinetics of polyphenols and p-coumaric acid extracted from Phyllostachys makinoi by ultrasonic-pretreatment autoclaving. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Nicolescu A, Babotă M, Zhang L, Bunea CI, Gavrilaș L, Vodnar DC, Mocan A, Crișan G, Rocchetti G. Optimized Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Rosa canina L. Pseudo-Fruits (Rosehip) and Their Biological Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061123. [PMID: 35740020 PMCID: PMC9220760 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two techniques, namely, optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), were used to promote the extraction of phenolic compounds from the pseudo-fruits of Rosa canina L. (RC). For UAE, an optimization process based on the design of experiment (DoE) principles was used for determining the dependence between three variables (i.e., time of extraction, ultrasound amplitude, and the material-to-water ratio) and the total phenolic content of the samples. For EAE, a 2:1:1 pectinase, cellulase, and hemicellulase enzymatic blend was used as pre-treatment for optimized UAE, inducing a higher total phenolic content. The untargeted phenolic profiling approach revealed a great abundance of lower molecular weight phenolics (1.64 mg Eq./g) in UAE-RC extracts, whilst gallic acid (belonging to hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives) was the most abundant individual compound of both extracts. The unsupervised multivariate statistics clearly discriminated the impact of enzymatic pre-treatment on the phenolic profile of RC pseudo-fruits. Finally, Pearson’s correlation coefficients showed that anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and tyrosol derivatives were those compounds mostly correlated to the in vitro antioxidant potential of the extracts, whilst negative and significant (p < 0.05) correlation coefficients were recorded when considering the enzymatic inhibition activities. The highest enzyme-inhibitory activity has been identified against α-glucosidase, which indicates an antidiabetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Nicolescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.N.); (M.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Mihai Babotă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.N.); (M.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Claudiu I. Bunea
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Laura Gavrilaș
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.N.); (M.B.); (G.C.)
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Advanced Horticulture Research of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: or
| | - Gianina Crișan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.N.); (M.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
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Ziagova MG, Mavromatidou C, Samiotis G, Amanatidou E. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Greek medicinal and aromatic plant extracts using pulsed electric field followed by ultrasounds extraction process. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Ziagova
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Water and Wastewater Treatment, Department of Chemical Engineering University of Western Macedonia Greece
| | - Charoula Mavromatidou
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Water and Wastewater Treatment, Department of Chemical Engineering University of Western Macedonia Greece
| | - Georgios Samiotis
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Water and Wastewater Treatment, Department of Chemical Engineering University of Western Macedonia Greece
| | - Elisavet Amanatidou
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Water and Wastewater Treatment, Department of Chemical Engineering University of Western Macedonia Greece
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Chang G, Cai C, Xiang Y, Fang X, Yang H. Extraction and Study of Hypoglycemic Constituents from Myrica rubra Pomace. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030846. [PMID: 35164115 PMCID: PMC8840098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myrica rubra pomace accounts for 20% of the fruit’s weight that is not utilized when it is juiced. The pomace contains bioactive phenolic substances such as anthocyanins and flavonoids. To improve the utilization value of Myrica rubra pomace, an optimized extraction method for the residual polyphenols was developed using response surface methodology (RSM). The resulting extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the in vitro hypoglycemic activity and antioxidant activity of the polyphenolic compounds obtained were also investigated. The optimum extraction conditions (yielding 24.37 mg·g−1 total polyphenols content) were: extraction temperature 60 °C, ultrasonic power 270 W, ethanol concentration 53%, extraction time 57 min, and solid to liquid ratio 1:34. Four polyphenolic compounds were identified in the pomace extract by HPLC: myricitrin, cyanidin-O-glucoside, hyperoside, and quercitrin. DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging tests showed that the Myrica rubra polyphenols extract had strong antioxidant abilities. It is evident that the residual polyphenols present in Myrica rubra pomace have strong hypoglycemic activity and the juiced fruits can be further exploited for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Chang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (G.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Chenggang Cai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (G.C.); (Y.X.)
- Correspondence: or (C.C.); or (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-571-8507-0393 (C.C.); +86-577-8668-9079 (H.Y.)
| | - Yannan Xiang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (G.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xiangjun Fang
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Hailong Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence: or (C.C.); or (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-571-8507-0393 (C.C.); +86-577-8668-9079 (H.Y.)
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Choi J, Son Y. Quantification of sonochemical and sonophysical effects in a 20 kHz probe-type sonoreactor: Enhancing sonophysical effects in heterogeneous systems with milli-sized particles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 82:105888. [PMID: 34953385 PMCID: PMC8799613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Even though acoustic cavitation has been widely investigated, only few researchers focused on the relationship between sonochemical and sonophysical activities and on the enhancement of sonophysical activity. In this study, sonochemical and sonophysical activities were investigated in a heterogeneous system to understand the relationship between these two activities and to suggest optimal conditions for ultrasonic desorption/extraction processes comprising milli-sized glass beads. The sonochemical activity was quantitatively analyzed using potassium iodide dosimetry in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Sonophysical activity was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed using paint-coated bead desorption tests and aluminum foil erosion tests under three probe positions of "T" (1 cm below the liquid surface), "B" (1 cm above the vessel bottom), and "M" (midpoint between "T" and "B"). Three different sizes of glass beads (diameter: 0.2, 1.0, and 4.0 mm) were used in this study. The highest sonochemical activity was obtained at "B" in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. However, three times lower sonochemical activity was observed in the heterogeneous system than in the homogeneous system because significant attenuation and unstable reflection of ultrasound occurred in the bead layer and suspension. Higher sonophysical activity was observed, when the bead size decreased and the probe approached the bottom. However, no significant sonophysical activity was detected when the beads were attached to the bottom. Therefore, the sonophysically active region was the zone around the probe body, opposite to the ultrasound irradiation tip, and only suspended beads could undergo severe cavitational actions. This was confirmed via aluminum foil tests. Several erosion marks on the foil were observed in the area around the probe body, whereas no severe damage was observed at the bottom. Moreover, the degree of sonophysical activity did not change for various saturating gases. This might be due to the different thresholds of sonochemical and sonophysical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbok Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyu Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea.
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Degradation kinetics and isomerization of 5- O-caffeoylquinic acid under ultrasound: Influence of epigallocatechin gallate and vitamin C. Food Chem X 2021; 12:100147. [PMID: 34761202 PMCID: PMC8566774 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of pH accelerated the degradation of 5-CQA. The isomerization of 5-CQA was found at neutral and alkaline conditions. Ultrasound boosted the degradation and isomerization of 5-CQA. EGCG and VC slowed down the degradation of 5-CQA induced by ultrasound.
5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), also known as chlorogenic acid, exhibits various biological activities. Hence the interest in its property change during processing and extraction has increased. The present work studied the influence of ultrasound on the stability of 5-CQA at different pH (pH 4.69, 7.09, 7.69 and 9.22) in water and 50% methanol-water system. Different parameters including solvent, ultrasonic power, time, temperature, duty cycle, and liquid height were investigated during the treatment. Results indicate that ultrasound accelerated the degradation of 5-CQA. Based on Weibull model, the degradation kinetics were described. The rate constant (k) of the degradation increased with the increasing pH, demonstrating the alkali sensitivity of 5-CQA. The isomerization of 5-CQA to 3- and 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid was found at neutral and alkaline conditions, which was further boosted by ultrasound. The stability of 5-CQA was improved by adding epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and vitamin C (VC) respectively.
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Wang P, Ma Y, Zhang C, Jia M. Considering solubility disparity and acoustic-cavitation susceptivity of neoteric solvents to accurately predict sono-recovery yield of value-added compounds. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Ma Y, Yi J, Bi J, Zhao Y, Li X, Wu X, Du Q. Effect of ultrasound on mass transfer kinetics and phenolic compounds of apple cubes during osmotic dehydration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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16
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Development of a Green Methodology for Simultaneous Extraction of Polyphenols and Pigments from Red Winemaking Solid Wastes (Pomace) Using a Novel Glycerol-Sodium Benzoate Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasonication Pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8090090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this examination, two glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were tested for their efficiency in the recovery of antioxidant polyphenols and anthocyanin pigments from red grape pomace (RGP). The two DESs synthesized had sodium acetate and sodium benzoate as hydrogen bond acceptors, to test the role of the hydrogen bond acceptor polarity on the extraction performance. Furthermore, the process was enhanced by an ultrasonication pretreatment stage. After initial testing with respect to water content, ultrasonication power and liquid-to-solid ratio, the DES composed of glycerol and sodium benzoate (GL-SBz) was shown to be significantly more efficient than the one made of glycerol and sodium acetate (GL-SAc). Further optimization of the extraction with regard to time and temperature demonstrated GL-SBz to be a highly effective solvent for the production of RGP extracts rich in polyphenols including gallic acid, catechin and quercetin, and pigments including malvidin 3-O-glucoside p-coumarate and malvidin 3-O-glucoside. The extracts produced also had significantly higher antiradical activity and reducing power compared to those generated with aqueous ethanol or water. From this study, evidence emerged regarding the role of the hydrogen bond acceptor nature in the extraction efficiency of polyphenols. The process developed is proposed as a green, high-performing methodology for the production of RGP extracts with enhanced polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity.
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Integrated Green Process for the Extraction of Red Grape Pomace Antioxidant Polyphenols Using Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment and β-Cyclodextrin. BEVERAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages7030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Winemaking is a process that generates a large volume of solid waste biomass, which is currently under extensive investigation as a bioresource of precious polyphenolic compounds. These substances are retrieved from vinification side streams principally by deploying solid–liquid extraction methods. In this frame, the present investigation had as objective the development of an alternative, green extraction process for polyphenols, through integration of ultrasonication as a pretreatment stage, and subsequent extraction with aqueous β-cyclodextrin. Polyphenol recovery from red grape pomace (RGP) was shown to be significantly enhanced by ultrasonication pretreatment, and the use of β-cyclodextrin effectively boosted the aqueous extraction. Under optimized conditions, established by response surface methodology, the maximum yield in total polyphenols was 57.47 mg GAE g−1 dm, at 80 °C, requiring a barrier of 10.95 kJ mol−1. The extract produced was significantly enriched in catechin and quercetin, compared to the aqueous extract, exhibiting also increased antiradical activity. These findings highlighted the value of the process developed for targeted recovery of certain polyphenols and the preparation of task-specific extracts.
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Bretas Alvim C, Bes-Piá M, Mendoza-Roca J. An innovative approach to the application of ultrasounds to remove polyethylene microspheres from activated sludge. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Qin D, Xi J. Flash extraction: An ultra-rapid technique for acquiring bioactive compounds from plant materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Thamapan K, Laohakunjit N, Kerdchoechuen O, Vongsawasdi P, Mingvanish W. Ultrasound-assisted extraction for simultaneous quantitation of potential sweetening compounds from Derris reticulata aqueous extracts: a response surface methodology approach. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Castañeda-Valbuena D, Ayora-Talavera T, Luján-Hidalgo C, Álvarez-Gutiérrez P, Martínez-Galero N, Meza-Gordillo R. Ultrasound extraction conditions effect on antioxidant capacity of mango by-product extracts. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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22
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High-Pressure Processing and Ultrasonication of Minimally Processed Potatoes: Effect on the Colour, Microbial Counts, and Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092614. [PMID: 33947110 PMCID: PMC8124339 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
HPP at 600 MPa alone, and in combination with US at 20 kHz (200 W), was applied to minimally processed potatoes of two commonly grown cultivars in Ireland. Changes in colour and microbial load (Enterobacteriaceae, total aerobic count, Salmonella, yeasts, and moulds) were monitored in vacuum-packaged potatoes during 14 days of storage at 4 °C. HPP and HPP/US significantly (p < 0.05) affected the colour parameters a*, b*, L*, and ΔE of minimally processed potatoes compared to the controls. Microbial growth was delayed in most of the treated samples with respect to those untreated (controls), while HPP completely inactivated Enterobacteriaceae in both cultivars. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activities were not altered in the treated samples of both varieties when compared to the controls. The levels of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid were decreased after both treatments, with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in quinic acid in the treated samples as opposed to those untreated. A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of glycoalkaloids, namely α-chaconine and α-solanine, in HPP- and HPP/US-treated potatoes was also observed. These findings suggest that HPP and US can extend the shelf-life of minimally processed potatoes with a negligible impact on their antioxidant activity and phenolic content.
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Advanced characterization of polyphenols from Myrciaria jaboticaba peel and lipid protection in in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Chem 2021; 359:129959. [PMID: 33965762 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted and solvent extractions resulted in similar levels of hydrolyzable tannins (10.3-6.0 mg/g), anthocyanins (7.8-10.2 mg/g) and flavonols (0.24-0.32 mg/g) for dried Myrciaria jaboticaba peel (DJP). Ultrasound was efficient for the extraction of poorly soluble hydrolyzable tannins but affected the stability of anthocyanins and flavonols. UPLC-DAD-MSn allowed the identification of 44 hydrolyzable tannins as single and mixed hexosides bearing galloyl, HHDP and tergalloyl units. Twelve mixed HHDP-galloylgluconic acids and tergalloylated hexosides were newly discovered in this work. Acid hydrolysis of both ultrasonic extract and DJP yielded five major compounds, i.e. gallic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid-C-hexoside, valoneic acid dilactone and sanguisorbic acid dilactone and pointed to higher contents in hydrolyzable tannins than by summing individual polyphenols after UPLC. Last, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and hydrolyzable tannins from the ultrasonic extract inhibited lipid peroxidation of a Western type meal in in vitro digestion, suggesting a health benefit for these jabuticaba polyphenols.
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Gadioli Tarone A, Keven Silva E, Dias de Freitas Queiroz Barros H, Baú Betim Cazarin C, Roberto Marostica Junior M. High-intensity ultrasound-assisted recovery of anthocyanins from jabuticaba by-products using green solvents: Effects of ultrasound intensity and solvent composition on the extraction of phenolic compounds. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110048. [PMID: 33648273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes an update for the jabuticaba processing chain to obtain valuable coproducts from jabuticaba peels. High-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) technology was evaluated as a more efficient extraction process to obtain two high added-value coproducts: pectin and an anthocyanins-rich extract. The HIUS-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds like anthocyanins from the jabuticaba peels was evaluated. The effects of ultrasound intensity (1.1, 3.7, 7.3, and 13.0 W/cm2) and solvent composition concerning water/ethanol ratio (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g water/100 g) were examined. One-step HIUS processing promoted the best recovery of bioactive compounds at an ultrasound intensity of 3.7 W/cm2 and 50 g water/100 g, thus proofing the interaction between ultrasound intensity and the solvent composition has a strong influence on the extraction efficiency of the groups of compounds studied and in the jabuticaba peel antioxidant potential. The confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed bioactive compounds' exhaustion in the dried jabuticaba peel after the HIUS processing, proving its best recovery. The jabuticaba peel extract exhibited an intense reddish color typical of anthocyanin-rich products at acid pH (4.5). The HIUS technology turned out a promising way to recover these valuable phenolic compounds as a quick, relatively inexpensive, and simple technology that improves the yields and decreases the costs and environmental impacts compared to conventional extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Gadioli Tarone
- LANUM (Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism)/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas); Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil
| | - Eric Keven Silva
- LASEFI/DEA/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil
| | - Helena Dias de Freitas Queiroz Barros
- LANUM (Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism)/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas); Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- LAFOP (Laboratory of Protein Source)/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Mario Roberto Marostica Junior
- LANUM (Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism)/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas); Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil.
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25
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Antioxidant Molecules from Plant Waste: Extraction Techniques and Biological Properties. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit, vegetable, legume, and cereal industries generate many wastes, representing an environmental pollution problem. However, these wastes are a rich source of antioxidant molecules such as terpenes, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and bioactive peptides with potential applications mainly in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and they exhibit multiple biological properties including antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. The aforementioned has increased studies on the recovery of antioxidant compounds using green technologies to value plant waste, since they represent more efficient and sustainable processes. In this review, the main antioxidant molecules from plants are briefly described and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of conventional and green extraction technologies used for the recovery and optimization of the yield of antioxidant naturals are detailed; finally, recent studies on biological properties of antioxidant molecules extracted from plant waste are presented here.
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26
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Salazar-López NJ, Domínguez-Avila JA, Yahia EM, Belmonte-Herrera BH, Wall-Medrano A, Montalvo-González E, González-Aguilar GA. Avocado fruit and by-products as potential sources of bioactive compounds. Food Res Int 2020; 138:109774. [PMID: 33292952 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The increased demand for avocado, and therefore production and consumption, generate large quantities of by-products such as seeds, peel, and defatted pulp, which account for approximately 30% of fruit weight, and which are commonly discarded and wasted. The present review focuses on various compounds present in avocado fruit and its by-products, with particular interest to those that can be potentially used in different industrial forms, such as nutraceuticals, to add to or to formulate functional foods, among other uses. Main molecular families of bioactive compounds present in avocado include phenolic compounds (such as hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, flavonoids and proanthocyanins), acetogenins, phytosterols, carotenoids and alkaloids. Types, contents, and possible functions of these bioactive compounds are described from a chemical, biological, and functional approach. The use of avocado and its by-products requires using processing methods that allow highest yield with the least amount of unusable residues, while also preserving the integrity of bioactive compounds of interest. Avocado cultivar, fruit development, ripening stage, and processing methods are some of the main factors that influence the type and amount of extractable molecules. The phytochemical diversity of avocado fruit and its by-products make them potential sources of nutraceutical compounds, from which functional foods can be obtained, as well as other applications in food, health, pigment, and material sectors, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Julieta Salazar-López
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - J Abraham Domínguez-Avila
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Elhadi M Yahia
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímicos y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Avenida de las Ciencias, Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230 Qro., Mexico.
| | - Beatriz Haydee Belmonte-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Abraham Wall-Medrano
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua 32310, Mexico.
| | - Efigenia Montalvo-González
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico 255 Fracc. Lagos del Country, Tepic, Nayarit 63175, Mexico.
| | - G A González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico.
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